CN100427047C - Medical automatic constant force small splint - Google Patents

Abstract

A medical automatic constant force small splint, which belongs to the technical field of medical devices, is characterized in that: an air bag is connected to an inflator, a deflation device, and a gas pressure acquisition module through an air tube, and the frequency output terminal of the pressure acquisition module is connected to the counter input of a microcontroller The output port of the microcontroller is connected with the control input ports of the inflation device and the deflation device respectively, the keyboard interface of the microcontroller is connected with the function keyboard, and the output port of the microcontroller is connected with the control input port of the LCD display module. The beneficial effect is: real-time monitoring and control of the tightness of the cable tie, keeping the pressure value basically constant, overcoming the traditional limitation of relying on doctor's experience and manual adjustment, and improving the scientificity of diagnosis and treatment of long tubular fractures. Its operation technique is simple and easy to learn.

Description

Medical automatic constant force small splint

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.

Background technique

External fixation with small splints is a common treatment for limb fractures, especially upper limb fractures. The application of small splints must correctly grasp the principles and methods of use, the pressure pad should be placed properly, and the cable ties should not be too loose or too tight. If it is too loose, the fixation will not be firm, and the fracture will easily shift again and affect the healing. If it is too tight, it will easily cause local skin pressure sores, and in severe cases, it will cause ischemic muscle contracture of the limbs, and even gangrene of the limbs. Therefore, after the small splint is fixed, the tightness of the cable tie should be checked frequently, and the splint cable tie and pressure pad should be adjusted in time. The adjustment of the tightness of the splint tie depends entirely on the doctor's experience and feel. This subjective impression lacks scientific basis and normative standards. It is completely based on the doctor's experience and operating methods, which is very easy to cause mistakes.

At present, "a small fracture self-control splint" invented by Luo Ziping in China, which constitutes a pressure switch through the final shaft, ring contacts, springs, etc., designs two sets of pressure switches to control the alarm, and the alarm device emits an alarm sound, replacing the hand feeling with measurement, but Its detection sensitivity is not as good as that of semiconductor electrostatic capacitive pressure sensors, and there is no accurate measurement display; Zhong Yanguan and Zhong Yuquan invented "a practical small splint for fractures". The scale with scale is just to make it easy to adjust the tightness of the cable tie, but it has no measurement standard and no alarm function; Zhao Jiyin invented the "automatic monitoring of small splints", which has high measurement accuracy and has a display function, but has no automatic control function. , Adjusting the pressure value is done manually.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is:

A small medical automatic constant force splint is provided, which uses an inflation and deflation device to automatically adjust the pressure on the fracture site, and maintains the pressure value of the patient's fracture site near the optimal value without the participation of doctors. When the power supply voltage is insufficient or the splint is faulty and the adjustment is not near the optimal value, an audible and visual alarm can be given according to different states.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

The air bag is connected with the inflation device, the deflation device and the gas pressure acquisition module through the air tube, the frequency output end of the gas pressure acquisition module is connected with the counter input end of the microcontroller, and the output port of the microcontroller is connected with the inflation device and the deflation device respectively. The control input terminal is connected, the keyboard interface of the microcontroller is connected with the function keyboard, and the output port of the microcontroller is connected with the control input terminal of the LCD display module.

The microcontroller output port is connected with the control input port of the sound and light alarm module.

The external interrupt input terminal of the microcontroller is connected with the level output terminal of the voltage monitoring module.

Its circuit connections are:

Pin 1 of microcontroller U1 is connected to resistor R1 and keyboard S1 through resistor R5, pin 2 of U1 is connected to pin 2 of switch J5, pin 3 of U1 is connected to diode D3 through resistor R14, pin 4 of U1 is connected to plug J2 Pin 3 of U1 is connected to pin 1 of J2, pin 19 and pin 8 of U1 are connected to capacitor C3, pin 9 and pin 8 of U1 are connected to the crystal oscillator, pin 11 of U1 is connected to pin 1 of NOR gate U3 Connected, pin 12 and pin 13 of U1 are connected to resistor R7 and resistor R17 respectively, pins 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of U1 are connected to ground, pin 21 of U1 is connected to pin 2 of voltage monitor U2, and pin 22 of U1 is connected to ground. Pins are connected to keyboard S2 and keyboard S4 through resistor R8, pin 23 of U1 is connected to keyboard S3 and keyboard S5 through resistor R9, pin 24 of U1 is connected to pin 6 of plug J1, pin 25 of U1 is connected to keyboard S4 through resistor R4 Connect with keyboard S5, pin 26 of U1 is connected with keyboard S2 and keyboard S3 through resistor R3, pin 27 of U1 is connected with pin 5 of J1, pin 28 of U1 is connected with pin 4 of J1, pin 1 of U2 is connected with pin 4 of J1 through capacitor C6 3 pins are connected, pins 2, 6, 7, 9, and 12 of U3 are connected to pin 14 through capacitor C4, pins 3 and 4 of U3 are connected to UP of sensor SEN301 and resistor R10 to pin 8 through resistor R11 and resistor R12, U3 Pins 5 and 13 of U4 are connected to the down of SEN301, pins 10 and 11 of U3 are connected, pins 1 and 2 of the voltage calibrator U4 are connected to capacitor C9 and capacitor C10, pins 3 and 4 of U4 are connected to C9, and pins 5 and 5 of U4 are connected to capacitor C9 and capacitor C10. , Pin 6 is connected to C10, pin 8 of U4 is connected to 3.3V through resistor R37, pin 1 of triode Q1 is connected to resistors R6 and R7, pin 3 of Q1 is connected to pin 1 of air pump M through capacitor C7 and diode D4, Pin 1 of triode Q2 is connected with resistors R16 and R17, pin 3 of Q2 is connected with pin 2 of vent valve V and pin 1 of J6 through pin 2 of diode D5.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

Real-time monitoring and control of the tightness of the cable tie keeps the pressure value basically constant, overcomes the limitations of traditional doctor experience and manual adjustment, and improves the scientificity of diagnosis and treatment of long tubular fractures. Its operation technique is simple and easy to learn.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a control unit functional block diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a control unit functional circuit diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a diagram of the state of use of the present invention;

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

As shown in Figure 1, the airbag is connected to the inflation device, the deflation device, and the gas pressure acquisition module through the air tube. The air tube plays the role of transmitting air pressure and circulating gas, and the other modules are electrically connected. The pressure acquisition module converts the air pressure signal into a frequency signal, and connects it to pin 11 of the controller after being shaped by 74HC02. The controller calculates the air pressure value and compares it with the preset pressure value to determine whether to adjust the air bag pressure through the inflation device and the abandonment device. The function keyboard is connected with pins 22, 23, 25, and 26 of the controller to realize the preset of the optimal value. The liquid crystal LCD display module is connected with pins 4 and 5 of the controller to display the gas pressure value in real time. The input terminal of the voltage monitoring module is connected to the power supply, and the output terminal is connected to the 21 pin of the controller. When the voltage is lower than the threshold voltage, the controller is triggered. The controller reminds the patient to replace the power supply through the sound and light alarm module connected to the 2 and 3 pins.

Check the airtightness of the air bag and air duct before use to ensure that the fixing device is not exposed and the inflation and deflation device is working normally. According to the specific situation of the patient, the upper and lower limits of the optimal value are preset to fix the fracture. Only when a fault alarm occurs, human participation is required to eliminate the corresponding fault.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of automatic medical constant-force small splint, it is characterized in that: air bag is connected with aerating device, means of deflation and gas pressure intensity acquisition module by air hose, gas pressure intensity acquisition module frequency output terminal is connected with the enumerator input of microcontroller, the delivery outlet of microcontroller is connected with the control input end of aerating device and means of deflation respectively, the keyboard interface of microcontroller is connected with function keyboard, and the delivery outlet of microcontroller is connected with LCD display module control input end.

2, automatic medical constant-force small splint according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

1 foot of microcontroller U1 links to each other with keyboard S1 with resistance R 1 by resistance R 5,2 feet of U1 link to each other with 2 feet of switch J5,3 feet of U1 link to each other with diode D3 by resistance R 14,4 feet of U1 link to each other with 3 feet of inserting sub-J2,5 feet of U1 link to each other with 1 foot of J2,19 feet of U1 link to each other with capacitor C 3 with 8 feet, 9 feet and 8 feet of U1 connect crystal oscillator, 1 foot of the 11 foot AND U3 of U1 links to each other, 12 feet of U1 link to each other with resistance R 17 with resistance R 7 respectively with 13 feet, 14 of U1,15,16,17,18 feet connect ground, 21 feet of U1 link to each other with 2 feet of voltage monitor U2,22 feet of U1 link to each other with keyboard S4 with keyboard S2 by resistance R 8,23 feet of U1 link to each other with keyboard S5 with keyboard S3 by resistance R 9,24 feet of U1 link to each other with 6 feet of inserting sub-J1,25 feet of U1 link to each other with keyboard S5 with keyboard S4 by resistance R 4,26 feet of U1 link to each other with keyboard S3 with keyboard S2 by resistance R 3,27 feet of U1 link to each other with 5 feet of J1,28 feet of U1 link to each other with 4 feet of J1,1 foot of U2 links to each other with 3 feet by capacitor C 6,2 of U3,6,7,9,12 feet link to each other with 14 feet by capacitor C 4,3 of U3,4 feet link to each other with 8 feet with resistance R 10 with the UP of pick off SEN301 with resistance R 12 by resistance R 11,5 of U3,13 feet link to each other with the down of SEN301,10 feet of U3 link to each other with 11 feet, 1 of voltage corrector U4,2 feet link to each other with capacitor C 10 with capacitor C 9,3 of U4,4 feet link to each other with C9,5 of U4,6 feet link to each other with C10,8 feet of U4 are received 3.3V by resistance R 37,1 foot of audion Q1 and resistance R 6, R7 links to each other, 3 feet of Q1 link to each other with 1 foot of inflator pump M with diode D4 by capacitor C 7,1 foot of audion Q2 and resistance R 16, R17 links to each other, and 3 feet of Q2 link to each other with 2 feet of gas bleeder valve V and 1 foot of J6 by 2 feet of diode D5.

3, a kind of automatic medical constant-force small splint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the microcontroller delivery outlet is connected with the control input end of sound and light alarm module.

4, automatic medical constant-force small splint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the external interrupt input of microcontroller is connected with the level output end of voltage monitoring module.

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