CN210811009U - Dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic sphygmomanometer - Google Patents
Dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic sphygmomanometer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring an electronic sphygmomanometer is characterized in that: comprises a dynamic blood pressure simulation controller and a simulation upper arm; the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller is used for generating periodic pulse pressure (sine wave pressure) similar to the human body; the simulated upper arm consists of a simulated blood vessel, a simulated skeleton, a simulated muscle and a simulated skin which are similar to the human body measurement mechanics; the simulated upper arm is connected with the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller through the simulated blood vessel to simulate the real working condition of the human blood pressure, and the cuff of the electronic sphygmomanometer to be detected is tied on the simulated upper arm to carry out measurement. The utility model aims at providing a measure developments blood pressure simulator of electrosphygmomanometer, through pulse width, the peak value size of adjustment simulator dynamic pressure output pulse, the different human blood pressure dynamic pressure of simulation has the traceability and detects, advantages such as portable.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a medical equipment detects technical field, specific dynamic blood pressure simulator who measures electrosphygmomanometer that says so.
Background
Blood pressure measurement is classified into invasive blood pressure measurement and non-invasive blood pressure measurement. Invasive blood pressure measurement is suitable for various critical patients, circulatory insufficiency, extracorporeal circulation lower intracardiac direct-view operation, large vessel surgery, organ transplantation and other operations with possible large blood loss; severe hypotension, shock, other blood flow instability disorders, or non-invasive blood pressure. The invasive blood pressure measurement needs to be directly measured in a heart cavity or a blood vessel cavity by inserting a catheter or a monitoring probe through the body surface. Compared with the common clinical noninvasive blood pressure monitoring, the invasive blood pressure can provide continuous, reliable and accurate monitoring data, but professional instruments and operating medical staff are needed during the actual operation of invasive blood pressure measurement, the measurement process is complex, and the method is not suitable for daily blood pressure measurement, so the daily blood pressure monitoring is noninvasive blood pressure measurement, a corresponding pressure value is measured from the body surface by utilizing a blood flow change system generated by intravascular pressure and blood blocking and opening time, namely, the pulse change condition at the far side of the occlusive air sleeve at the blood blocking and opening time in a vessel is detected, and various conversion methods and signal processing technologies are adopted to measure the blood pressure in vitro.
The sphygmomanometer is an instrument for measuring blood pressure in a non-invasive way, and mainly comprises an auscultation sphygmomanometer and an oscillography sphygmomanometer.
The auscultatory method (also called artificial Korotkoff sound method) sphygmomanometer mainly comprises the following components: mercury sphygmomanometers (pressure gauges), spring gauge sphygmomanometers, press optical column sphygmomanometers, optical display sphygmomanometers, liquid crystal sphygmomanometers, and the like. The method comprises inflating cuff to squeeze blood vessel, stopping blood flow, stopping blood vessel fluctuation, and slowly deflating until pulse sound is heard, wherein blood pressure is high pressure, i.e. systolic pressure. Continuously deflating, hearing strong and forceful pulse sound through the stethoscope, slowly changing into light until hearing steady and normal pulse sound, and considering that the blood vessel is not squeezed completely at the moment, and the blood pressure is low pressure, namely diastolic pressure.
The oscillometric method is also called as oscillation method, and its principle is to obtain the oscillation wave produced in the course of deflation, and convert it by means of a certain algorithm to obtain blood pressure value, and can be used for indirect measurement, and most of the electronic blood pressure meters are designed by adopting oscillometric principle. The oscillography is a relatively advanced electronic measurement method developed in the 90 s, and the principle is as follows: firstly, the cuff is tied on the arm, the cuff is automatically inflated to a certain pressure, and the air begins to be deflated; when the air pressure is reduced to a certain degree, blood flow can pass through the blood vessel and has a certain oscillation wave; the oscillation wave is transmitted to a pressure sensor in the machine through an air pipe; the pressure sensor can detect the pressure and fluctuation in the measured cuff in real time; gradually deflating, and increasing the oscillation wave; deflation continues, at which point the pressure and fluctuations detected by the pressure sensor become less and less, as the cuff looses contact with the arm. The oscillography is not easily influenced by the strength of pulse signals of a tested person, has good repeatability and higher accuracy, but is easily interfered by external vibration, and is easily influenced by the deflation speed and the rigidity of an air pipe during low-pressure measurement.
The appearance and the popularization of the electronic sphygmomanometer create favorable conditions for the sphygmomanometer to enter families from a hospital. Due to the human body, the blood pressure is abnormal at different times, for example, after sleeping and getting up, after meals and after sports, the blood pressure is different. At this time, the importance of the family sphygmomanometer is shown, people can measure their own blood pressure frequently, measure at different times, and also can measure the blood pressure in fixed time intervals every day to find out their own blood pressure rules, and give the data to doctors to better control and treat hypertension.
The accuracy of the blood pressure measurement value guarantees the use reliability of the sphygmomanometer, the life safety of residents is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the blood pressure measurement value is used as medical equipment and also needs to be detected regularly, and the reliability of quantity value transmission is guaranteed.
At present, the measurement technical mechanisms in China are different in the detection methods and devices for different types of blood pressure meters due to different types of blood pressure meters: inputting static pressure into the sphygmomanometer by the mercury sphygmomanometer through a static pressure source, and measuring the static pressure in (0-300) mmHg; the blood pressure detection part of the electronic sphygmomanometer is mainly divided into two parts: a static pressure part and a dynamic pressure part, wherein the static pressure part is still measured by means of a static pressure source; the dynamic pressure part has no corresponding standard in China, and a non-invasive blood pressure simulator (or called a non-invasive blood pressure analyzer) is generally adopted.
The non-invasive blood pressure simulators on the market all work by adopting a blood pressure envelope curve reproduction method, and can determine the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure of a blood pressure value according to an average pressure and a corresponding proportionality coefficient. But the proportionality coefficients of the non-invasive blood pressure simulators produced by different manufacturers are different, and the variation trend of the blood pressure pulse waves generated by simulation of each non-invasive blood pressure simulator is not completely the same. Based on the above situation, if the noninvasive blood pressure simulator is used for evaluating the accuracy of noninvasive blood pressure measurement, the problem that blood pressure measurement of blood pressure meters produced by different manufacturers is inaccurate occurs, and different detection results can be obtained when noninvasive blood pressure simulators produced by different manufacturers are used for detecting the blood pressure measurement performance of the same blood pressure meter. Therefore, although the existing noninvasive blood pressure simulator can be used as an instrument for detecting the repeatability of noninvasive blood pressure measurement, the existing noninvasive blood pressure simulator does not belong to a completely standardized detection device, only because no other more standardized and more reasonable detection device can be selected at present. According to the detection principle of the non-invasive blood pressure simulator, the following defects can be found: (1) the concept is unclear. The blood pressure simulator is not based on the physical concept of blood pressure value, but starts from the measuring process of the electronic sphygmomanometer, and restores the measuring intermediate process of the electronic sphygmomanometer to the electronic sphygmomanometer, namely the measuring concept is fuzzy because the measuring intermediate process is not a physical quantity but a process; (2) the magnitude cannot be traced. Since the operation of the blood pressure simulator is a reduction of the measurement process, the output value is only a statistically summarized nominal value, not a standard value. Therefore, the accuracy of the nominal values cannot be calculated, the detection device actually plays back the envelope curve to the electronic sphygmomanometer, and the uncertainty of the played back envelope curve nominal blood pressure value cannot be obtained or verified through an experimental method, so that the device cannot realize quantity value tracing; (3) the electronic sphygmomanometer cannot be completely calibrated. When the blood pressure simulator is used, the blood pressure simulator is directly connected with an electronic sphygmomanometer through a pipeline, a built-in cuff or a cuff is only used as an air volume, and an auxiliary automatic exhaust valve controls the exhaust speed. When the electronic sphygmomanometer measures the blood pressure of a human body, the cuff is used as a part of the sensor to sense the small pulse, and the cuff is not suitable for excluding the transmission capability of the cuff during calibration.
Therefore, although the existing blood pressure simulators can be used for detecting the repeatability of the non-invasive automatic blood pressure meter, the detection technology has certain defects, and the repeatability detection of the standard blood pressure oscillometric value of the traceability of the variable value of the whole blood pressure meter system (including the cuff) cannot be really completed. Therefore, the dynamic blood pressure simulator capable of tracing the dynamic pressure value of the electronic sphygmomanometer is an urgent problem to be solved, the dynamic blood pressure of a human body can be simulated really, the unification of the detection methods of the electronic sphygmomanometer of different measurement methods is solved, the detection method of the electronic sphygmomanometer is revised, and the value of the electronic sphygmomanometer is measured comprehensively.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses to not enough among the prior art, provide a measure developments blood pressure simulator of electrosphygmomanometer, through pulse width, the peak magnitude of adjustment simulator dynamic pressure output pulse, simulate different human blood pressure dynamic pressure, have the traceability and detect, advantage such as portable.
A dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring an electronic sphygmomanometer is characterized in that: comprises a dynamic blood pressure simulation controller and a simulation upper arm; the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller is used for generating periodic pulse pressure (sine wave pressure) similar to the human body; the simulated upper arm consists of a simulated blood vessel, a simulated skeleton, a simulated muscle and a simulated skin which are similar to the human body measurement mechanics; the simulated upper arm is connected with the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller through the simulated blood vessel to simulate the real working condition of the human blood pressure, and the cuff of the electronic sphygmomanometer to be detected is tied on the simulated upper arm to carry out measurement.
The dynamic blood pressure simulation controller mainly comprises a pressure generator and a pressure controller, wherein the pressure generator is a mechanical generation part of dynamic pressure, and the pressure generator is electrically connected with the pressure controller; the pressure controller is a control part for accurately controlling the generation of the dynamic pressure machine, measures the pressure in the pipeline and adjusts according to the feedback section signal.
The pressure generator consists of a servo motor driver, a servo motor encoder, a servo motor rotor, a cam mechanism and a miniature piston pressure pump.
The servo motor driver, the servo motor encoder, the servo motor rotor, the cam mechanism and the miniature piston pressure pump are in mechanical connection; the servo motor driver is electrically connected with the servo motor encoder, and the servo motor encoder can control the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the servo motor rotor by controlling the servo motor driver; the servo motor rotor rotates to drive the piston of the miniature piston pressure pump to move by driving the cam mechanism, and pulse pressure is generated.
The pressure controller mainly comprises nine component modules: the device comprises a microcontroller module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, an operational amplification module, a filtering module, a temperature sensor module, an air pressure sensor module, a liquid crystal screen and a power supply module; the temperature sensor module is used for collecting the current environment temperature and is connected with the input end of the microcontroller module through the filtering module, the operational amplification module and the analog-to-digital conversion module; the air pressure sensor module is used for collecting the current ambient atmospheric pressure and is connected with the input end of the microcontroller module through the filtering module, the operational amplification module and the analog-to-digital conversion module; the pressure sensor module is used for collecting pressure in a pipeline and is connected with the input end of the microcontroller module through the filtering module, the operational amplification module and the analog-to-digital conversion module; the filtering module, the operational amplifier module and the analog-to-digital conversion module are signal processing circuit modules, mainly finish the functions of filtering, amplifying and converting the acquired data, finally convert the acquired analog signals into voltage signals to be connected to the input end of the microcontroller module, and display the data through a liquid crystal screen connected with the output end of the microcontroller module; the power supply module supplies power to all parts of the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller through a pressure conversion circuit arranged on the microcontroller module.
The simulation upper arm is actually a human body simulation arm and mainly comprises a simulation skeleton, a simulation blood vessel, simulation muscles and simulation skin; wherein, the simulation upper arm is provided with a hard plastic pipe which is about 300mm long and about 60mm in outer diameter and simulates the simulation skeleton of the humerus of a human body; the simulated muscle is made of soft filling material, and the simulated skin made of the silicon rubber material is attached to the simulated skeleton in sequence; the simulated blood vessel is a silicone tube and is attached between the simulated skeleton and the simulated muscle.
The utility model has the advantages that: the simulator decomposes the simulated blood pressure into a static pressure part and a dynamic pressure part according to the real blood pressure waveform of a human body, takes the static pressure as the basic pressure, and measures the static pressure in a static pressure source mode, wherein the method is mentioned in JJG 692-2010 noninvasive automatic measuring sphygmomanometer verification regulations, and the details are not described here. The loading of the static pressure which is measured by the basic pressure is firstly carried out, the blood pressure state under the static pressure of a human body is simulated, the set simulated blood pressure value is combined, the output peak value and the pressure pulse width which are required by the dynamic blood pressure value are calculated, the servo motor encoder of the pressure generator part of the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller is adjusted to control the servo motor driver to drive the servo motor rotor to rotate, so that the piston stroke of the miniature piston pressure pump is driven, the dynamic pulse pressure can be simulated, and the pulse pressure is loaded on the static pressure, so that the real pressure of the human body can be simulated.
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The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure principle of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller of the present invention.
In fig. 1: 1. a dynamic blood pressure simulation controller; 2. simulating an upper arm; 3. simulating a blood vessel; 4. simulating a skeleton; 5. simulating muscles; 6. simulating skin; 7. a cuff; 8. an electronic blood pressure meter.
In fig. 2: 9. a pressure generator; 10. a pressure controller; 11. a servo motor driver; 12. a servo motor encoder; 13. a servo motor rotor; 14. a cam mechanism; 15. a micro piston pressure pump; 16. a microcontroller module; 17. an analog-to-digital conversion module; 18. an operational amplification module; 19. a filtering module; 20. a temperature sensor module; 21. an air pressure sensor module; 22. a pressure sensor module; 23. a liquid crystal screen; 24. and a power supply module.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1: a dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring an electronic sphygmomanometer is characterized in that: comprises a dynamic blood pressure simulation controller (1) and a simulation upper arm (2); the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller (1) is used for generating periodic pulse pressure (sine wave pressure) similar to a human body; the simulated upper arm (2) consists of a simulated blood vessel (3), a simulated skeleton (4), a simulated muscle (5) and a simulated skin (6) which are similar to the human body measurement mechanics; the simulated upper arm (2) is connected with the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller (1) through a simulated blood vessel (3) arranged on the simulated upper arm to simulate the real working condition of the human blood pressure, and a cuff (7) of the electronic sphygmomanometer (8) to be detected is tied on the simulated upper arm (2) for measurement.
A dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring an electronic blood pressure monitor as shown in fig. 2, said dynamic blood pressure simulator controller (1) mainly consisting of a pressure generator (9) and a pressure controller (10), said pressure generator (9) being a mechanical generation part of dynamic pressure, and said pressure controller (10) having an electrical connection; the pressure controller (10) is a control part for accurately controlling the generation of the dynamic pressure machine, measures the pressure in the pipeline and adjusts according to the feedback section signal.
As shown in fig. 2, the dynamic blood pressure simulator of the electronic sphygmomanometer is characterized in that the pressure generator (9) consists of a servo motor driver (11), a servo motor encoder (12), a servo motor rotor (13), a cam mechanism (14) and a micro piston pressure pump (15); the servo motor driver (11), the servo motor encoder (12), the servo motor rotor (13), the cam mechanism (14) and the micro piston pressure pump (15) are in mechanical connection; the servo motor driver (11) is electrically connected with the servo motor encoder (12), and the servo motor encoder (12) can control the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the servo motor rotor (13) by controlling the servo motor driver (11); the servo motor rotor (13) rotates to drive the piston cylinder of the miniature piston pressure pump (15) to move by driving the cam mechanism (14), and pulse pressure is generated.
As shown in fig. 2, the dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic blood pressure meters, the pressure controller (10) mainly has nine component modules: the device comprises a microcontroller module (16), an analog-to-digital conversion module (17), an operational amplification module (18), a filtering module (19), a temperature sensor module (20), an air pressure sensor module (21), a pressure sensor module (22), a liquid crystal screen (23) and a power supply module (24); the temperature sensor module (20) is used for collecting the current environment temperature and is connected with the input end of the microcontroller module (16) through the filtering module (19), the operational amplification module (18) and the analog-to-digital conversion module (17); the air pressure sensor module (21) is used for collecting the current ambient air pressure and is connected with the input end of the microcontroller module (16) through the filtering module (19), the operational amplification module (18) and the analog-to-digital conversion module (17); the pressure sensor module is used for collecting pressure in a pipeline and is connected with the input end of the microcontroller module (16) through the filtering module (19), the operational amplification module (18) and the analog-to-digital conversion module (17); the filtering module (19), the operational amplifier module (18) and the analog-to-digital conversion module (17) are signal processing circuit modules, mainly finish the functions of filtering, amplifying and converting acquired data, finally convert the acquired analog signals into voltage signals to be accessed to the input end of the microcontroller module (16), and display the data through a liquid crystal screen (23) accessed to the output end of the microcontroller module (16); the power supply module (24) supplies power to all parts of the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller through a power supply conversion circuit arranged on the microcontroller module (16).
In the whole control process, the servo motor rotor (13) drives the cam mechanism (14) to rotate to drive the piston of the miniature piston pressure pump (15) to move in the pump, gas in a pipeline is compressed, and therefore pressure in the simulated blood vessel (3) is changed, the dynamic pressure is determined by the compression volume ▽ V and the compression time, and the pressure peak value P is usedmaxAnd the pressure pulse width τ to represent this dynamic pressure:
Pmax＝f(▽V,τ)
the area of the piston of the miniature piston pressure pump (15) is unchanged, so that the change of the gas volume is proportional to the stroke ▽ l of the piston movement, the medium compressed by the piston is gas and is easily influenced by the ambient temperature and the atmospheric pressure, the temperature and the pressure in the measuring environment need to be corrected in the control process, and the dynamic pressure is as follows:
Pmax＝f(▽l,τ)*k(p,t)
in the formula k(p,t)The correction coefficients for ambient temperature and pressure. As can be seen from the formula, the dynamic pressure can be controlled by controlling the piston stroke of the micro piston pressure pump (15) and the rotating speed of the rotor (13) of the servo motor, so that the dynamic pressure is a reproducible value and can be traced.
Claims (6)
1. A dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring an electronic sphygmomanometer is characterized in that: comprises a dynamic blood pressure simulation controller and a simulation upper arm; the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller is used for generating periodic pulse pressure similar to human body; the simulated upper arm consists of a simulated blood vessel, a simulated skeleton, a simulated muscle and a simulated skin which are similar to the human body measurement mechanics; the simulation upper arm is connected with the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller through the simulation blood vessel.
2. The dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic blood pressure according to claim 1, wherein: the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller mainly comprises a pressure generator and a pressure controller, wherein the pressure generator is a mechanical generation part of dynamic pressure, and the pressure generator is electrically connected with the pressure controller; the pressure controller is a control part for accurately controlling the generation of the dynamic pressure machine, measures the pressure in the pipeline and adjusts according to the feedback section signal.
3. The dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic blood pressure according to claim 2, wherein: the pressure generator consists of a servo motor driver, a servo motor encoder, a servo motor rotor, a cam mechanism and a miniature piston pressure pump.
4. The dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic blood pressure according to claim 3, wherein: the servo motor driver, the servo motor encoder, the servo motor rotor, the cam mechanism and the miniature piston pressure pump are in mechanical connection; the servo motor driver is electrically connected with the servo motor encoder, and the servo motor encoder can control the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the servo motor rotor by controlling the servo motor driver; the servo motor rotor rotates to drive the piston of the miniature piston pressure pump to move by driving the cam mechanism, and pulse pressure is generated.
5. The dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic blood pressure according to claim 2, wherein: the pressure controller mainly comprises nine component modules: the device comprises a microcontroller module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, an operational amplification module, a filtering module, a temperature sensor module, an air pressure sensor module, a liquid crystal screen and a power supply module; the temperature sensor module is used for collecting the current environment temperature and is connected with the input end of the microcontroller module through the filtering module, the operational amplification module and the analog-to-digital conversion module; the air pressure sensor module is used for collecting the current ambient atmospheric pressure and is connected with the input end of the microcontroller module through the filtering module, the operational amplification module and the analog-to-digital conversion module; the pressure sensor module is used for collecting pressure in a pipeline and is connected with the input end of the microcontroller module through the filtering module, the operational amplification module and the analog-to-digital conversion module; the filtering module, the operational amplifier module and the analog-to-digital conversion module are signal processing circuit modules, mainly finish the functions of filtering, amplifying and converting the acquired data, finally convert the acquired analog signals into voltage signals to be connected to the input end of the microcontroller module, and display the data through a liquid crystal screen connected with the output end of the microcontroller module; the power supply module supplies power to all parts of the dynamic blood pressure simulation controller through a pressure conversion circuit arranged on the microcontroller module.
6. The dynamic blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic blood pressure according to claim 1, wherein: the simulation upper arm is actually a human body simulation arm and mainly comprises a simulation skeleton, a simulation blood vessel, simulation muscles and simulation skin; wherein, the simulation upper arm is provided with a hard plastic pipe which is about 300mm long and about 60mm in outer diameter and simulates the simulation skeleton of the humerus of a human body; the simulated muscle is made of soft filling material, and the simulated skin made of the silicon rubber material is attached to the simulated skeleton in sequence; the simulated blood vessel is a silicone tube and is attached between the simulated skeleton and the simulated muscle.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110522431A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-03 | 南京嘉恒仪器设备有限公司 | A kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator measuring electronic sphygmomanometer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110522431A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-03 | 南京嘉恒仪器设备有限公司 | A kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator measuring electronic sphygmomanometer |
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