CN100406189C - Aluminum alloy laser welding wire feeding mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an aluminum alloy laser welding wire feeding mechanism. Including frame (6), longitudinal straightening roller group (7a), horizontal straightening roller group (7b), driving wheel (9), driven wheel (8), pinch flat belt (10), upper pressure roller ( 3), the pressing roller (1), the motor (4), and the reducer (5), wherein the output shaft of the motor is connected to the input hole of the reducer connected to the frame, and a driving wheel is connected to the output shaft of the reducer superior. The aluminum welding wire is sent out under the pinch of the pinch flat belt. The present invention adopts the structure of multiple pairs of upper pressing rollers and lower pressing rollers to press and pinch the flat belt to realize automatic wire feeding, which increases the contact area between the aluminum welding wire and the flat belt, and the pressure of the flat belt on the metal wire can be adjusted. Therefore, this invention The aluminum welding wire sent out by the invention is not deformed, and the wire feeding force is large. In addition, the present invention straightens the metal wire through the straightening mechanism, thereby ensuring that the sent out metal wire has good rigidity and directivity.

Description

Aluminum alloy laser welding wire feeding mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to a laser welding wire feeding mechanism, which belongs to the field of supporting devices for laser processing.

Background technique

With the development of science and technology, in the transportation manufacturing industries such as aerospace, navigation and automobiles, in order to reduce the weight of the vehicle and improve the transportation capacity, more and more light metal materials are used. As an important light metal material, high-strength aluminum alloy is widely used in the transportation manufacturing industry because of its excellent physical, chemical and mechanical properties. For a long time, the connection of aluminum alloy sheet structures still uses outdated riveting technology, resulting in an increase in the weight of the structure, while the traditional fusion welding method is used to weld aluminum alloys, resulting in large deformation of the welded structure and poor performance of welded joints. Due to the high laser energy density of laser welding, the large depth-to-width ratio of the weld, the small action area, and the small heat-affected area of the weld, which greatly reduces the deformation of the welded structure, laser welding has been more and more widely used. Aluminum alloy laser welding also inevitably has problems such as weld porosity, welding thermal cracks and joint softening that are often encountered in general fusion welding. Laser welding of aluminum alloy with filler wire, due to the use of welding wire, on the one hand, the composition of the weld is changed, the grains of the weld are refined, and the crack resistance of the weld is significantly improved. On the one hand, the hardness of the weld has also been greatly improved, even exceeding the hardness of the base metal. On the other hand, the critical power density of aluminum alloy laser deep penetration welding is reduced, which is beneficial to the stability of deep penetration welding. At the same time, it is beneficial to improve the stress deformation of the welded structure, and the surface forming quality has been greatly improved. Aluminum alloy laser wire-filled welding is different from general arc welding. The diameter of the focused spot is very small, generally below 1mm. The local swing of the aluminum welding wire will make the welding process unstable or even interrupted. Therefore, it is required that the aluminum welding wire sent out has good rigidity. sex and directivity.

The wire feeding mechanism is an indispensable device in the wire feeding process. The existing wire feeding mechanism can be divided into three types: push wire type, wire drawing type and push-draw type. They use the friction between a pair of wire feed rollers or more than two pairs of wire feed rollers and the welding wire to feed the wire. At present, these wire feeding mechanisms are mainly used for arc welding, and for arc welding, the local swing of the welding wire does not cause obvious influence on the welding process. For aluminum alloy laser wire welding, because the aluminum welding wire is relatively soft, the contact area between the aluminum welding wire and the wire feeding roller is small, and it is easy to be flattened and bent when it is sent out, which seriously affects the directivity of the aluminum welding wire after passing through the guide wire nozzle. The deflection near the laser focus spot also increases the resistance of the aluminum welding wire in the guide wire nozzle and even leads to wire blocking.

As shown in FIG. 2 , it is a schematic diagram of a wire-feeding mechanism for aluminum alloy laser welding in the prior art, which includes a lower pressing roller 1 , an aluminum welding wire 2 , an upper pressing roller 3 and a driving wheel 9 . The disadvantage of this wire feeding mechanism is that the contact between the lower pressure roller 1 and the upper pressure roller 3 of the wire feeding mechanism and the aluminum welding wire 2 is point contact, and the contact area is small. Slip between the small roller and the aluminum welding wire, resulting in uneven wire feeding; excessive pressure will cause indentation or deformation of the aluminum welding wire, the resistance of the aluminum welding wire will increase after entering the guide wire tip, the aluminum welding wire will deflect near the light spot, and even wire blocking will occur , affecting the stability of the welding process.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a wire feeding mechanism for laser welding that can realize the aluminum welding wire being sent out without deformation and has good rigidity and directivity in consideration of the above problems. The invention not only has a large wire feeding force and can feed wires over a long distance, but also can straighten aluminum welding wires, thereby ensuring the stability of aluminum alloy laser welding.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem is: comprise frame 6, and driving wheel 9 that is connected on the frame 6, driven wheel 8, motor 4, speed reducer 5, upper pressure roller 3, lower pressure roller 1 , also includes the adjustment position wheel 13 arranged in sequence along the wire feeding direction, the longitudinal straightening roller group 7a, the horizontal straightening roller group 7b, arranged between the upper pressing roller 3 and the aluminum welding wire 2, the lower pressing roller 1 and the aluminum welding wire 2 Two pinch flat belts 10 between them; wherein, the motor 4 and the reducer 5 are fixed under the frame 6, the motor 4 is fixedly connected to the reducer 5, and the output shaft of the motor 4 is connected to the input hole of the reducer 5 , the driving wheel 9 is connected on the output shaft of the speed reducer 5, and two pinch flat belts 10 are respectively connected on two pairs of driving wheels 9 and driven wheels 8.

The wear-resistant surface of the above-mentioned pinch flat belt 10 has a straightening function.

The pressing roller 1 and the driven wheel 8 of the above-mentioned pinch flat belt 10 all can adjust its pressure.

The above-mentioned adjusting position wheel 13 can adjust the entrance height of the aluminum welding wire 2 through the adjusting screw below it.

In the middle of the above-mentioned lower pressing roller 1, upper pressing roller 3, and driven wheel 8, there are arc-shaped grooves to prevent the aluminum welding wire 2 from longitudinal displacement during the pinch flat belt pinching process.

In order to facilitate the adjustment of the wire feeding speed and ensure the stability of the wire feeding speed, the motor 4 can be an AC servo motor.

The acute angle between the two straightening directions of the longitudinal straightening roller set 7 a and the horizontal straightening roller set 7 b is 80° to 90°. Each straightening roller set includes 5 to 9 straightening rollers arranged in two rows staggered, among them, the number of fixed rollers is equal to the number of adjustable rollers or one more than the number of adjustable rollers, and 3 to 5 are fixed rollers , its mandrel is fixed on the frame 6, and the other 2 to 4 are position-adjustable rollers so as to adjust and straighten the aluminum welding wire, and its mandrel is fixed on the slide block 11 regulated by the adjusting screw 12. In addition, when the angle of the two straightening directions is 90°, and each straightening roller set has 4 fixed rollers and 3 adjustable rollers, the solution is the best.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by adopting multiple pairs of upper pressing rollers and lower pressing rollers to press the softer flat belt for pinching the aluminum welding wire, the contact area between the aluminum welding wire and the flat belt is increased, and the pressure per unit area of the aluminum welding wire is reduced , the aluminum welding wire sent out is not deformed, the wire feeding force is large, and the wire can be sent over a long distance; in addition, the present invention straightens the aluminum welding wire through the straightening mechanism, and the aluminum welding wire sent out has good rigidity, thereby ensuring laser welding. stability. The invention is a wire feeding mechanism for laser welding with simple operation, long-distance wire feeding, no deformation of softer aluminum welding wire, stable and reliable wire feeding and straightening function.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of aluminum alloy laser welding wire feeding mechanism of the present invention;

In the figure 1, the lower pressure roller 2, the aluminum welding wire 3, the upper pressure roller 4, the motor 5, the reducer 6, the frame 7a, the vertical alignment roller group 7b, the horizontal alignment roller group 8, the driven wheel 9, the driving wheel 10 , Pinch flat belt 11, slider 12, adjusting screw 13, adjusting position wheel

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of push-type wire feeding against rollers;

Among them 1. Lower pressure roller 2. Aluminum welding wire 3. Upper pressure roller 9. Driving wheel.

Detailed ways

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The schematic diagram of an embodiment of the aluminum alloy laser welding wire feeding mechanism of the present invention is shown in Figure 1, including a frame 6, and a driving wheel 9 connected to the frame 6, a driven wheel 8, a motor 4, a reducer 5, and an upper pressure The roller 3, the lower pressure roller 1, also includes the adjustment position wheel 13 arranged in sequence along the wire feeding direction, the longitudinal straightening roller group 7a, the horizontal straightening roller group 7b, and is arranged between the upper pressing roller 3 and the aluminum welding wire 2, the lower Two pinch flat belts 10 between the pressure roller 1 and the aluminum welding wire 2; wherein, the motor 4 and the reducer 5 are fixed below the frame 6, the motor 4 is fixedly connected to the reducer 5, and the output shaft of the motor 4 is connected to the The input hole of the speed reducer 5 is connected, the driving wheel 9 is connected on the output shaft of the speed reducer 5, and two pinch flat belts 10 are respectively connected on two pairs of driving wheels 9 and driven wheels 8. The aluminum welding wire is sent out through a known guide wire tube under the pinching of two pinching flat belts 10 .

The above-mentioned pressing roller 1 and the driven wheel 8 can adjust the pressure on the pinch flat belt 10, and the structure is: the mandrel of the pressing roller 1 and one of the driven wheels 8 is connected to the slider 11 embedded in the frame 6, Slide block 11 is connected with the adjustment screw 12 that is arranged on frame side, can make slide block move by adjustment screw 12, thereby regulates the pressure that presses down roller 1 and driven wheel 8 to pinching flat belt 10. The pinching flat belt 10 clamps the aluminum welding wire by the pressure rollers placed symmetrically on both sides and the driven wheel to it. Because the pinching flat belt 10 is soft and has a large contact area with the aluminum welding wire, the aluminum welding wire sent out is not deformed, has a large wire feeding force, and can feed wire over a long distance.

In order to straighten the aluminum welding wire, along the wire feeding direction, there are adjusting position wheel 13, vertical straightening roller group 7a and horizontal straightening roller group 7b with an angle of 90° at the wire feeding entrance. The mandrel of the adjustment position wheel 13 is connected on the slide block 11 embedded in the frame 6, and the slide block 11 is connected with the adjustment screw 12 arranged under the frame, the slide block can be moved by the adjustment screw 12, thereby adjusting the adjustment position The height of the wheel 13 to the aluminum welding wire 2. Each set of straightening rollers includes seven straightening rollers arranged alternately in two rows. In the process that the aluminum welding wire is sent out by the pinch flat belt 10, it is first straightened by the straightening mechanism. In this embodiment, there is 4 in each of the above-mentioned straightening roller groups, which are fixed rollers, whose mandrels are fixed on the frame 6, and the other 3 are position-adjustable rollers, whose mandrels are fixed on the other adjustable roller. Slider 11 on.

Claims (7)

1. A wire feeding mechanism for aluminum alloy laser welding, comprising a frame (6), and a driving wheel (9), a motor (4), a speed reducer (5) connected to the frame (6), and an upper pressure roller ( 3), pressing down the roller (1); wherein, the motor (4) is fixedly connected to the reducer (5), the output shaft of the motor (4) is connected to the input hole of the reducer (5), and the drive wheel (9) is connected to On the output shaft of the reducer (5); it is characterized in that it also includes a longitudinal straightening roller group (7a), a horizontal straightening roller group (7b), and an upper pressing roller (3) arranged in sequence along the wire feeding direction. and the two pinch flat belts (10) between the aluminum welding wire (2) and the lower pressure roller (1) and the aluminum welding wire (2) sent; wherein, the two pinch flat belts (10 ) are respectively connected to two pairs of driving wheels (9) and driven wheels (8); the wire feeding mechanism has 2 to 4 pairs of upper pressing rollers (3) and lower pressing rollers (1), wherein the lower pressing rollers (1), The middle of pressing roller (3), driven wheel (8) all opens the arc-shaped groove that prevents metal wire (2) longitudinal displacement. 2. The aluminum alloy laser welding wire feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the acute angle between the two straightening directions of the longitudinal straightening roller group (7a) and the horizontal straightening roller group (7b) is 80° °～90°. 3. The aluminum alloy laser welding wire feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the straightening roller sets in both directions are composed of fixed rollers and adjustable rollers distributed in a staggered manner. 4. The aluminum alloy laser welding wire feeding mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: each straightening roller group includes 5 to 9 straightening rollers, wherein the number of fixed rollers is equal to the number of adjustable rollers or the ratio of adjustable rollers Count 1 more. 5. The aluminum alloy laser welding wire feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower pressure roller (1) or the upper pressure roller (3) and the driven wheel on one side thereof are position-adjustable rollers, the center of which is The shaft is mounted on a slider (11) embedded in the frame (6) and adjusted by an adjusting screw (12). 6. The aluminum alloy laser welding wire feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: before the straightening roller group, at the wire feeding entrance, there is an adjusting position wheel (13) for adjusting the height of the metal wire. 7. The aluminum alloy laser welding wire feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the motor (4) is an AC servo motor.

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