CN100353829C - Chrysanthemum cutting flower pretreating liquid and its using method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of chrysanthemum cut flower pretreatment liquid, it is characterized in that, the pretreatment liquid is made of 8-hydroxyquinoline, citric acid, 6-benzyl purine, sodium benzoate, sodium thiosulfate, silver nitrate and triton X-100 is made by dissolving water in proportion. Treating chrysanthemums with the pretreatment solution of the present invention can promote full opening of flowers and keep stems and leaves bright green.

Description

Cut chrysanthemum pretreatment solution and method of use thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of fresh-keeping of cut flowers, in particular to the field of post-harvest fresh-keeping of cut chrysanthemum flowers.

Background technique

The flower industry is one of the most dynamic industries in agriculture in the world today. At present, the global flower consumption is 50 billion US dollars, of which 40 billion US dollars are cut flowers. China has become the country with the largest flower planting area in the world. In 2003, the flower planting area reached 430,000 hm ² , of which the cut flower planting area reached 24,000 hm ² , with an annual output of 6.7 billion cut flowers.

my country's cut flower production area accounts for 30% of the world's total area, but the trade volume only accounts for 1.3% of the world's total trade volume. In addition to production reasons, another main reason is that post-harvest processing technology is backward, which largely limits The export of China's cut flowers has been blocked, which has brought huge economic losses to cut flower producers and operators.

Chrysanthemum, Latin name Chrysanthemum morifolium, Chrysanthemum perennial root subshrub class flowers. The chrysanthemum is elegant and clean, with beautiful flower shape and gorgeous colors. Since ancient times, it has been regarded as a symbol of high morals, integrity, elegance and cleanliness. It is also the traditional famous flower with the longest cultivation history in my country. The petals cannot be normally or fully unfolded, browned or easily fall off; the yellowing of the leaves and the tendency to generate heat during transportation are the main problems in the circulation of chrysanthemums after harvesting.

At present, there are not many studies on postharvest preservation of chrysanthemums. It is reported that spraying penicillin solution with an appropriate concentration before harvesting can not only prolong the vase life of cut chrysanthemums, but also increase the diameter of flowers. It is also reported that Ca ²⁺ , CO ²⁺ or salicylic acid can prolong the life of leaves and corolla of chrysanthemum as a vase liquid component. There is no report on the special pretreatment solution for chrysanthemum at present. This study is based on more than ten years of research on the flowering and aging mechanism of cut chrysanthemums. After mastering the opening and aging characteristics of cut chrysanthemums, the main components of the preservative are determined. The concentrations of various components of the preservative are screened through orthogonal experiments. The optimal combination obtained.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above-mentioned problems in post-harvest preservation of chrysanthemums, and on the basis of fully studying the causes of circulation loss of cut chrysanthemums, the present invention provides a pretreatment solution that can promote full blooming of flowers and keep stems and leaves bright green.

The invention provides a kind of chrysanthemum cut flower pretreatment liquid, it is characterized in that, the pretreatment liquid is made of 8-hydroxyquinoline, citric acid, 6-benzyl purine, sodium benzoate, sodium thiosulfate, silver nitrate and triton X -100 is made by dissolving water in proportion.

The dosage of each component in the described pretreatment solution is as follows: the following component concentrations in weight percent are respectively: 8-hydroxyquinoline 0.42%-1.2%, citric acid 0.4%-1.2%, 6-benzylpurine 0.05%- 0.15%, sodium benzoate 0.01%-0.03%, sodium thiosulfate 0.35%-1.05%, silver nitrate 0.04%-0.12%; by volume percentage, the concentration of Triton X-100 is 0.2%-0.6%. Specifically, the dosage of each component in the described pretreatment solution is as follows: the following component concentrations by weight percentage are respectively: 0.8% of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 0.8% of citric acid, 0.1% of 6-benzylpurine, sodium benzoate 0.02%, sodium thiosulfate 0.7%, silver nitrate 0.08%; the concentration of Triton X-100 is 0.4% by volume percentage.

The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned cut flower pretreatment liquid, which is characterized in that it is prepared according to the following steps:

(1) Dissolve citric acid completely in 500 milliliters of distilled water, then add 8-hydroxyquinoline, and stir to make it fully dissolved, then add sodium benzoate and make it fully dissolved, this is solution 1;

(2) Add 6-BA to 50 ml of anhydrous glacial acetic acid, and stir to fully dissolve it, which is solution 2;

(3) sodium thiosulfate and silver nitrate were dissolved in 50 milliliters of distilled water respectively, then the silver nitrate solution was slowly poured into sodium thiosulfate while stirring, so that these two solutions were fully miscible, and this was solution 3;

(4) Pour solutions 2 and 3 into solution 1 in turn, and add the latter solution after the previous solution and solution 1 are fully mixed;

(5) Finally, add Triton X-100 and stir to make it fully mixed.

The present invention also provides a method for using the above cut flower pretreatment liquid, which is characterized in that the cut flowers are treated after adding sucrose to the pretreatment liquid before use.

Among the ingredients of the above formula, sucrose is the nutrient source required for flowering of cut flowers, which can promote the elongation of petals, improve the water balance and osmotic potential of flowers, and keep the flowers bright. However, the concentration of sucrose needs to be determined according to different types of cut flowers. If the dosage is inappropriate, sugar damage may easily occur, causing flowers to fade and leaves to burn. 8-Hydroxyquinoline is an antibacterial agent, which is easy to combine with metals, deprives iron and copper ions in bacteria, and has antibacterial effect. 6-BA, a cytokinin substance, controls cytosolic extravasation, prolongs the vase life of leaves and petals, and delays the degradation rate of chlorophyll. Sodium benzoate, an antioxidant, is a synthetic free radical scavenger, which can inhibit the formation of free radicals, or remove the formed free radicals, delay leaf aging, and improve the ability of chrysanthemums to resist dehydration stress. Silver thiosulfate (reaction product of sodium thiosulfate and silver nitrate) ethylene action inhibitor, but also a fungicide. Triton X-100 is a surfactant that promotes water absorption by flowers. Citric acid lowers pH, regulates the physiological metabolism of cut flowers, and fully dissolves other ingredients.

According to the flowering and senescence characteristics of chrysanthemum, the pretreatment solution of the present invention is formulated with plant growth regulators, bactericides, etc. as basic raw materials, and has the functions of regulating the pH in plants, antagonizing aging hormones, sterilizing or antibacterial, Delaying fading of flowers and leaves, supplementing sugar sources, improving water balance, etc., a large number of tests show that the pretreatment solution of the present invention has a significant effect on promoting full opening of flowers and keeping stems and leaves bright green.

The nouns that appear in the description of the present invention are explained as follows:

Cut flowers: In a broad sense, it is a general term for branches, leaves, flowers and fruits cut from living plants for flower arrangement and floral design. In a narrow sense, it refers to isolated flower branches that are cut from the blooming of flowers to a certain stage and have a certain viewing period. In the present invention, if there is no special mention, cut flowers are all taken in a broad sense.

Post-harvest circulation of cut flowers: the various circulation links from harvest to consumer vases, generally including grading, bandaging, pretreatment, packaging, storage and transportation, sales and other links.

Cut flower preservatives are chemical agents used to regulate the physiological and biochemical metabolism of cut flowers, artificially regulate the flowering and aging process of cut flowers, reduce circulation loss, improve circulation quality or ornamental quality, etc. Preservatives can be divided into pretreatment liquids, flower urging liquids and bottle insertion liquids according to their uses.

Pretreatment solution, also known as pulse solution, is generally processed for the first time within 24 hours after the cut flowers are harvested, that is, before the grower sells the cut flowers after harvest, or the collector collects the goods from the grower and transports them Previously, combined with rehydration for short-term treatment, the effect can continue until the consumer inserts the cut vase into the water. The main purpose is to reduce the loss of various circulation links such as storage and transportation, improve the circulation quality, and prolong the life of the vase. The pretreatment solution is developed according to the characteristics of different cut flowers, and they are generally dedicated and cannot be mixed.

Vase cutting liquid is a preservative for improving the quality of cut flower vases and prolonging the life of vases. Bottle cutting solution is often used in ①retail stores before the cut flowers are sold, or ②consumers add it to the flower arrangement water and use it continuously until the cut flowers lose their ornamental value. Vase cutting solution is generally used by florists or consumers, and these flower shops or consumers have a small amount of flowers in vases and various types, so vase cutting solution is developed for the common characteristics of cut flowers, so it is often universal.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

The formula and dosage of the pretreatment solution with a volume of 1 liter: 8-hydroxyquinoline 8g, citric acid 8g, 6-BA1g, sodium benzoate 0.2g, sodium thiosulfate 7g, silver nitrate 0.8g, triton X-1004ml . And prepare as follows:

(1) Dissolve citric acid completely in 500 milliliters of distilled water, then add 8-hydroxyquinoline, and stir to make it fully dissolved, then add sodium benzoate and make it fully dissolved, this is solution 1;

(2) Add 6-BA to 50 ml of anhydrous glacial acetic acid, and stir to fully dissolve it, which is solution 2;

(3) sodium thiosulfate and silver nitrate were dissolved in 50 milliliters of distilled water respectively, then the silver nitrate solution was slowly poured into sodium thiosulfate while stirring, so that these two solutions were fully miscible, and this was solution 3;

(4) Pour solutions 2 and 3 into solution 1 in turn, and add the latter solution after the previous solution and solution 1 are fully mixed;

(5) Finally, add Triton X-100 and stir to make it fully mixed.

When in use, add sucrose to the pretreatment solution to treat the chrysanthemums.

Use the yellow chrysanthemum variety, cut it obliquely in the water after harvesting, and keep the stem at a length of 60 cm. Divided into two groups, one group is the current processing method, that is, sorting and grading at room temperature for 2 hours after harvest, bandaging at room temperature for 1 hour, pre-cooling at 8°C for 12 hours, packing for 2 hours, transporting for 4 hours, and then vase observation. The other group absorbs the pretreatment solution while precooling, and the pretreatment solution must be absorbed within 12 hours after the cut flowers are harvested, and other steps are exactly the same as those of the control group.

After being treated with the pretreatment solution of the present invention, the water absorption of cut chrysanthemum flowers is significantly improved, the anti-shedding ability of leaves is obviously improved, the phenomenon of withered flowers and buds during the viewing period is avoided, and the viewing time is 7 days longer than that of the control group.

Example 2:

The formula and dosage of the pretreatment solution with a volume of 1 liter: 12g of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 12g of citric acid, 1.5g of 6-BA, 0.3g of sodium benzoate, 1.05g of sodium thiosulfate, 1.2g of silver nitrate, and triton X-100 6ml. When in use, add sucrose to the pretreatment solution to treat the chrysanthemums.

Use the white chrysanthemum variety, cut into oblique openings in water after harvesting, keep the stems 60 cm in length, and divide them into 2 groups. One group is the same processing method as in Example 1.

After being treated with the pretreatment solution of the present invention, the ornamental time is extended by 3 days compared with the control group.

Example 3:

The formula and dosage of the pretreatment solution with a volume of 1 liter: 4.2g of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 4g of citric acid, 0.5g of 6-BA, 0.1g of sodium benzoate, 3.5g of sodium thiosulfate, 0.4g of silver nitrate, and Pass X-100 2ml. When in use, add sucrose to the pretreatment solution to treat the chrysanthemums.

Chrysanthemum is cut into oblique mouth in water, is divided into 2 groups, and one group is to the current processing method, and processing method is the same as embodiment 1.

After being treated with the pretreatment solution of the present invention, the water absorption of cut chrysanthemums is significantly improved, the ability to resist ethylene damage is significantly improved, and the viewing time is 4 days longer than that of the control group.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of chrysanthemum cutting flower pretreating liquid is characterized in that, described pre-place liquid contains oxine, citric acid, 6-benzyl purine, Sodium Benzoate, sodium thiosulfate, silver nitrate and triton x-100; Each composition consumption is as follows in the wherein said pre-place liquid: following compositions concentration is respectively by weight percentage: oxine 0.42%-1.2%, citric acid 0.4%-1.2%, 6-benzyl purine 0.05%-0.15%, Sodium Benzoate 0.01%-0.03%, sodium thiosulfate 0.35%-1.05%, silver nitrate 0.04%-0.12%; Percentage meter by volume, the concentration of triton x-100 is 0.2%-0.6%.

2, cutting flower pretreating liquid as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that each composition consumption is as follows in the described pre-place liquid: following compositions concentration is respectively by weight percentage: oxine 0.8%, citric acid 0.8%, 6-benzyl purine 0.1%, Sodium Benzoate 0.02%, sodium thiosulfate 0.7%, silver nitrate 0.08%; By volume the concentration of percentage meter triton x-100 is 0.4%.

3, the compound method of cutting flower pretreating liquid as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, as follows preparation:

(1) citric acid is dissolved in 500 ml distilled waters fully, adds oxine then, and stir it is fully dissolved, add Sodium Benzoate again and make it abundant dissolving, this is a solution 1;

(2) 6-BA is joined in 50 milliliters of anhydrous glacial acetic acid, and stir it is fully dissolved, this is a solution 2;

(3) sodium thiosulfate and silver nitrate are dissolved in respectively in 50 ml distilled waters, slowly pour in the sodium thiosulfate while then liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus is stirred, these two kinds of solution are fully dissolved each other, this is a solution 3;

(4) solution 2 and 3 is poured in the solution 1 successively, and behind last solution and solution 1 abundant mixing, added a kind of solution in back again;

(5) add triton x-100 at last, and stirring gets final product its abundant mixing.

4, the using method of cutting flower pretreating liquid as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, after described pre-place liquid adds sucrose before use, cut-flower is handled again.