Background technique
In recent years, for the motor compressor on the refrigerating plant that is used for home-use freezing refrigerated warehouse etc., in order to reduce power consumption, and promoted the lowering viscousity of its lubricant oil and because of adopting the high efficiency that transformer drives, syncmotor brings.In addition, in order to improve the volumetric efficiency of freezing-cooling storeroom, expect more small-sized compressor.
As existing motor compressor, in order to improve efficient, often improve stator and main bearing, drive the disclosed motor compressor of 2001-73948 communique as the spy of Japanese patent application.
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal section of this existing motor compressor.In Fig. 5, the seal container 1 of motor compressor, storing in the bottom has lubricant oil 12, and is accommodating the motor part 3 be made up of stator 13 and rotor 14 and by its compressor driven structure portion 2.
Secondly, below compression mechanical part 2 is elaborated.On the cylinder body (cylinder heak) 5 that is formed with the general cylindrical shape cylinder (cylinder) 7 that constitutes compression mechanical part 2, be provided with axle (rotatable support) running shaft 4 and with cylinder 7 almost at right angles, the bearing portion 6 of making by the aluminium based material of nonmagnetic material material.The running shaft 4 that possesses eccentric part 4a is inlaid in the bearing portion 6 and in order to fixed rotor 14.
The piston 9 that slides in cylinder 7 forms pressing chamber 10, and links with eccentric part 4a by the connecting rod 8 as connection set.Front end at eccentric part 4a is equipped with fuel supply line 11.
Next, below motor part 3 is elaborated.Motor part 3 is 2 utmost point induction motoies, its by the stator 13 that twines coiling in the stator core made from stacked electromagnetic steel plate and in the rotor core 15 made from stacked electromagnetic steel plate the rotor 14 of built-in permanent magnet 15b constitute.In addition, be provided with the chamber portion (bore) 16 of hollow in the end with compression mechanical part 2 subtends of rotor core 15, the inboard of the chamber portion 16 that is arranged on this hollow is extended by bearing portion 6.
Next existing reciprocating motor compressor about as above constituting carries out operational instruction.Be accompanied by the rotation of the rotor 14 of motor part 3, make running shaft 4 rotation, and the rotatablely moving of eccentric part 4a of running shaft 4 passed to piston 9 by connecting rod 8, and piston 9 to-and-fro motion in pressing chamber 10 thus.From the refrigerant gas of cooling system (do not have diagram) be inhaled into be compressed in the pressing chamber 10 after, the cooling system to refrigerating equipment and air-conditioning equipment etc. sprays continuously again.
In addition, the rotation of accompanying rotation axle 4 is installed on fuel supply line 11 rotation of running shaft 4 lower ends, and relies on the pumping action of its centrifugal force, smokes lubricant oil upward, and to each slide part fuel feeding such as bearing portion 6, cylinder 7, cylinder body 8 and piston 9 of compression mechanical part 2.
But, in above-mentioned existing formation, if on the space length of rotor 14 and stator 13, have skew, then the little side generation of space length further the power of rotor 14, promptly produce magnetic attraction.Particularly, when the permanent magnet 15b in being built in rotor core 15 is the strong permanent magnet of terres rares isodynamic, if greatly then this magnetic attraction is bigger and play a role for the deviation of above-mentioned space length.
Its result is fixed in the rotor 14 and is flush-mounted in running shaft 4 in the bearing portion 6 in 6 medium dips of bearing portion, produces an end in contact between bearing portion 6 and the running shaft 4.If be in running shaft 4 rotational slide in bearing portion 6 of a this end in contact state, the wearing and tearing of bearing portion 6 and running shaft 4 both sides' slip surface then can take place.
In addition, in other conventional examples of being put down in writing, a kind of main bearing end face of ferrous material and the nonoverlapping structure in compression mechanical part side end face of rotor core are disclosed in above-mentioned existing technology.At this moment, if keep the necessary bearing length of the bearing portion 6 of single bearing type, then the total length of running shaft 4 is elongated, and the distance of the center of gravity of rotor 14 and bearing portion 6 is also elongated thereupon, therefore, its shortcoming is to exist to wear and tear at bearing portion 6 and running shaft 4 both sides' slip surface.This be because betide magnetic attraction between rotor 14 and the stator 13 in bearing portion 6 with strong moment work, so the power that results from the end in contact between bearing portion 6 and the running shaft 4 is bigger.
Concrete mode of execution
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are described.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section of the motor compressor of embodiments of the invention 1.
As shown in Figure 1, in seal container 101, contain the motor part 103 of compression mechanical part 102 and this compression mechanical part of driving.
The refrigeration agent of enclosing seal container 101 is to serve as the low hydrocarbon series coolant of zero R134a or the R600a warmization coefficient (Glbal Warming Potential:GWP) that is representative etc. with the ozone layer destroying coefficient.And storing the viscosity that has an intermiscibility with refrigeration agent in seal container 101 is 5~10[cts] lubricant oil 112.
Next, compression mechanical part 102 is done following detailed description the in detail.Running shaft 104 has eccentric axial portion 117, main shaft part 116 and countershaft portion 118.Main shaft part 116 and countershaft portion 118 clip eccentric axial portion 117 with up and down coaxial shape configuration.Oil feeding mechanism 111, one ends that are formed on the running shaft 104 are communicated with in lubricant oil 112, and the other end connection and opening are in the upper end of running shaft 104.
Cylinder body 105 is made by cast iron, the main bearing 120 of the pressing chamber 110 of integrally formed general cylindrical shape and an axle main shaft part 116, and in addition, the supplementary bearing 121 of an axle countershaft portion 118 is fixed.Piston 109 can freely reciprocatingly slide and insert in the pressing chamber 110, and piston 109 links by the connecting rod 108 as connection set with eccentric axial portion 117.
Next, motor part 103 is done following detailed description the in detail.Motor part 103 is made up of stator 113 and rotor 114, is with 30[HZ], 50[HZ], 70[HZ], 80[HZ] the transformer drive motors that drives of a plurality of arbitrarily operating frequencys.Stator 113 has radial a plurality of tooth 113b of portion of formation on 113a unshakable in one's determination, simultaneously, implement directly coiling 113b by insulating component 113c in tooth portion, concentrates to twine to form motor.Rotor 114 is fixed on the main shaft part 116 of running shaft 104, possesses the permanent magnet 115a in rotor core of being built in 115.
Permanent magnet 115a is made of the strong magnetism body of the neodymium of for example rare earth element magnet, iron, boron system.And, the compression mechanical part side end 115b that comprises rotor core 115 is arranged and during in supposition with the plane of the axle center approximate vertical of main shaft part 116, main bearing 120 not with this Plane intersects.
Motor compressor about as above formation carries out following explanation to its operation.
If stator 113 is switched on, then rotor 114 driven rotary axles 104 rotations, the eccentric motion of eccentric shaft 117 passes to piston 109 by cylinder body 108, piston 109 to-and-fro motion in pressing chamber 110 thus.Thereby refrigerant gas is inhaled into from cooling system (not diagram) and is compressed in the pressing chamber, sprays to cooling system more afterwards.
In addition, rely on the oil feeding mechanism 111 that is formed on the running shaft 104, smoke lubricant oil 112, discharge from the upper end portion of running shaft 104.
At this, the permanent magnet 115a that is built in rotor core 115 is made by the strong material of terres rares isodynamic, and therefore, the part little in the distance of rotor 114 and stator 113 produces extremely strong magnetic attraction.
But, bear between this rotor 114 and the stator 113 magnetic attraction that takes place and during the inclined to one side load that brings at running shaft 104, the upper and lower end that is the angular direction with the central shaft with respect to the running shaft 104 of main bearing inwall in existing single shaft holds is that fulcrum bears inclined to one side load, otherwise, the structure of this duplex bearing, with the supplementary bearing opposition side end of main bearing inwall and the main bearing opposition side end that is the supplementary bearing inwall of angular direction with respect to the central shaft of running shaft 104 is that fulcrum bears inclined to one side load, and its length of support is 2 times from lengthening approximately.
This length of support from prolongation running shaft 104 is reduced in bearing portion medium dip angle, its result, the difficult end in contact that takes place can be avoided because stable efficient is kept in the slip loss that an end in contact is brought between bearing portion and running shaft 104.Simultaneously, the slip sound that produces because of an end in contact can be suppressed, the motor compressor that noise is low can be realized.In addition, to bear eccentric axial portion 117 (fulcrum) from the compressive load of piston 109 is that the center utilizes the load that is added in the two sides maintenance compressor operation up and down on the running shaft 104, therefore, with respect to the almost mean allocation load of this fulcrum, compare the reliability of the slide part that can improve running shaft 104 with the single support type that load only concentrates on one-sided bearing portion.
Have again, because wearing and tearing are lacked (cutting is few) and are born the load that the running shaft 104 in the compressor operation applies with large size, so the face pressure drop of main bearing 120, supplementary bearing 121 is low, holds the length that can shorten main bearing 120 than single shaft, can reduce the height overall of compressor.Have again, be accompanied by the viscous resistance that reduces to be reduced in slide part of sliding length, consequently can realize high efficiency.
Have again, for cylinder body 105 integrally formed main bearings 120, and make by the cast iron that belongs to ferrous material, rotor core 115 does not contact with main bearing 120, and the magnetic line of force that is built in the permanent 115a unshakable in one's determination in the rotor core 115 does not almost disturb with main bearing.Therefore, occur in the foucault current loss of main bearing portion hardly, can obtain high efficiency.
In addition, by transformer drive motor portion 103, when the correspondence load carried out running up of 70~80HZ, magnetic attraction strengthened, and the power that running shaft 104 is tilted strengthens.At this moment, become, therefore, can prevent the inclination of this running shaft 104, can make the reduction of slip loss simultaneously by main bearing 120 and the secondary dual bearing structure that holds both sides' bearing rotation supporting rotating shaft 104 of axle 121.Thereby, can keep high efficiency, can prevent simultaneously the end in contact that the inclination by running shaft brings, improve reliability.
In addition, when being carried out the such low-speed running of 30HZ by transformer drive motor portion 103, reason main bearing 120 and the secondary both sides' bearing that holds axle 121 constitute the duplex bearing of an axle running shaft 104 and can prevent from, the reduction of the loss of seeking to slide.Therefore, be 5~10[cts even put into the viscosity of lubricant oil 112] low-viscosity oil, also can obtain enough reliabilities.
Have, stator 113 has radial a plurality of tooth 113b of portion of formation on 113a unshakable in one's determination again, simultaneously, on the above-mentioned tooth 113b of portion, implements directly coiling 113d by insulating component 113c, therefore, does not have essential winding terminal on coiling distributes.Thereby the height overall of stator 113 and rotor 114 can reduce, and can further reduce the height overall of motor compressor.And, because the height overall of stator 113 and rotor 114 reduces, and therefore, seeks the homogenization of the spacing dimension of stator 113 and rotor 114 easily, consequently be difficult to produce magnetic attraction, can avoid because the increase of the input current that wearing and tearing bring and the increase of noise etc.
Also have, in the present embodiment, use connecting rod 108, also can be suitable for spherojoint and dog link connection sets such as (scotch yoke) as the connection set that links piston and eccentric shaft.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section of the motor compressor of embodiments of the invention 2.Also have, with the use prosign of embodiment's 1 same formation, and detailed.
In Fig. 2, motor part 203 is 2 utmost point syncmotors, and it is by constituting at stator 213 that twines coiling in the stator core of forming with stacked electromagnetic steel plate and rotor 214 that secondary conductor is set in the rotor core of forming with stacked electromagnetic steel plate 215.The built-in permanent magnet 215a that for example constitutes in the rotor core 215 by the strong magnetism body of the neodymium of rare earth element magnet, iron, boron system.And other formations are identical with embodiment 1.
Motor compressor about as above constituting carries out following explanation to its operation.
Motor part 203 starts as induction motor when starting, and pulls in during near revolution synchronously and realizes run-in synchronism.
At this, the permanent magnet 215a that is built in the rotor core 215 is made of the strong material of terres rares isodynamic, so magnetic force is strong especially, extremely strong magnetic attraction takes place the part little in the distance of rotor 214 and stator 213.But, can avoid the problem points brought by strong magnetic attraction based on formation similarly to Example 1, consequently, can effectively utilize the high efficiency of syncmotor, high energy efficient can be obtained, the raising reliability can be prevented simultaneously because the end in contact that the inclination of running shaft brings.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal section of the motor compressor of the embodiment of the invention 3.Also have, with the use prosign of embodiment's 1 same formation, and detailed.
As shown in Figure 3, in seal container 101, contain the motor part 303 of compression mechanical part 302 and this compressor of driving.
The cylinder body 305 that constitutes compression mechanical part 302 is made of cast iron, forms the pressing chamber 110 of general cylindrical shape, and stationary axle props up the main bearing 320 of main shaft part 116 of running shaft 104 and the supplementary bearing 121 of an axle countershaft portion 118 on cylinder body 305.
Motor part 303 is made up of stator 113 and rotor 314, is the transformer drive motors that drives with a plurality of operating frequencys.Rotor 314 is fixed on the main shaft part 116 of running shaft 104, possesses the permanent magnet 315a in rotor core of being built in 315.Permanent magnet 315a for example is made of the strong magnetism body of the neodymium of rare earth element magnet, iron, boron system.In addition, rotor core 315 forms the chamber portion 306 of hollow in the end face portion of compression mechanical part 302 sides.Main bearing 320 is made of the aluminum alloy that belongs to the nonmagnetic material material, simultaneously, extends the inboard of the chamber portion 306 that is arranged on rotor core 315.
Motor compressor about as above formation carries out following explanation to its operation.
If stator 113 is switched on, then rotor 314 driven rotary axles 104 rotations, the eccentric motion of eccentric axial portion 117 is passed to piston 109 by connecting rod 108, piston 109 to-and-fro motion in pressing chamber 110 thus.Based on this, refrigerant gas is inhaled into from cooling system (not diagram) and is compressed in the pressing chamber 110, afterwards, sprays to cooling system again.In addition, rely on the oil feeding mechanism 111 that is formed on the running shaft 104, smoke lubricant oil 112, discharge from the upper end portion of running shaft 104.
At this, the permanent magnet 315a that is built in the rotor core 315 is made of the strong material of terres rares isodynamic, so magnetic force is strong especially, and the part little in the distance of rotor 314 and stator 113 produces extremely strong magnetic attraction.
If running shaft 104 is subjected to the inclined to one side load that betided the magnetic attraction between rotor and the stator and produced by this, then the upper and lower end that is the angular direction with the central shaft with respect to the running shaft 104 of main bearing inwall in existing single shaft holds is that fulcrum bears inclined to one side load, otherwise, this duplex bearing is to be that fulcrum bears inclined to one side load with the supplementary bearing opposition side end of main bearing inner arm and the main bearing opposition side end that is the supplementary bearing inwall of angular direction with respect to the central shaft of running shaft 104.This length of support is from holding much longer with respect to existing single shaft.And main bearing 320 extends in chamber portion 306 inboards, and therefore, its length of support is from longer.
This length of support from prolongation cause running shaft 104 to reduce in bearing portion medium dip angle, consequently, be difficult to take place an end in contact in bearing portion and 104 on running shaft, can avoid because the slip loss that brings of an end in contact.Thereby can keep stable high efficiency, simultaneously, can suppress the slip sound that produces owing to an end in contact, can realize the motor compressor that noise is low.
In addition, with carrying from the load that be the center be added in two sides maintenance compressor operation process up and down on the running shaft 104 of the eccentric axial portion 117 (fulcrum) of the compressive load of piston 109, therefore, with respect to the almost mean allocation load of this fulcrum, the single support type that only concentrates on one-sided bearing portion than load can improve the reliability of the slide part of running shaft 104.
At this moment, main bearing 320 is made of the nonmagnetic material material of aluminum alloy, and therefore, the magnetic line of force that is built in the permanent magnet 315a in the rotor core 315 foucault current can not take place in main bearing 320, therefore, the foucault current loss takes place hardly, can seek high efficiency.
In addition, by transformer drive motor portion 303, when carrying out the fast frequency running corresponding to load, magnetic attraction strengthens, and the power that running shaft 104 is tilted strengthens.At this moment, constitute the duplex bearing of rotation supporting rotating shaft 104 by main bearing 320 and the secondary both sides' bearing that holds axle 121, therefore, can prevent the inclination of this running shaft 104, seek the to slide reduction of loss, can keep high efficiency, can prevent simultaneously the end in contact that the inclination by running shaft brings, improve reliability.
Have, stator 113 has radial a plurality of tooth 113b of portion of formation on 113a unshakable in one's determination again, simultaneously, on the above-mentioned tooth 113b of portion, implements directly coiling 113d by insulating component 113c, therefore, does not have essential winding terminal on coiling distributes.Thereby the height overall of stator 113 and rotor 314 can reduce, and the height overall of motor compressor can control to lower.And, because the height overall of stator 113 and rotor 314 reduces, therefore, try to achieve the equalization of the spacing dimension of stator 113 and rotor 314 easily, consequently be difficult to take place magnetic attraction, can avoid because the input that wearing and tearing bring and the increase of noise etc.
Embodiment 4
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section of the motor compressor of embodiments of the invention 4.Also have attached with embodiment's 3 same formations, detailed with prosign.
In Fig. 4, motor part 403 is 2 utmost point syncmotors, and it is by constituting at stator 213 that twines coiling in the stator core of forming with stacked electromagnetic steel plate and rotor 414 that secondary conductor is set in the rotor core of forming with stacked electromagnetic steel plate 415.The built-in permanent magnet 415a that for example constitutes in the rotor core 415 by the strong magnetism body of the neodymium of rare earth element magnet, iron, boron system.And other constitute the homomorphosis with embodiment 3.
Motor compressor about as above formation carries out following explanation to its operation.
Start as induction motor when motor part 403 starts, pull in, do run-in synchronism near synchronous revolution.At this, the permanent magnet 415a that is built in the rotor core 415 is made of the strong material of terres rares isodynamic, so magnetic force is strong especially, and extremely strong magnetic attraction takes place the part little in the distance of rotor 414 and stator 213.
But, can avoid the problem points brought by strong magnetic attraction based on formation similarly to Example 3, consequently, the high efficiency of syncmotor can be effectively utilized, high energy efficient can be obtained, simultaneously, can prevent the end in contact that the inclination owing to running shaft brings, improve reliability.