CA2174657A1 - Device for spring-loaded wheel control in the frame of a bicycle - Google Patents
Device for spring-loaded wheel control in the frame of a bicycleInfo
- Publication number
- CA2174657A1 CA2174657A1 CA002174657A CA2174657A CA2174657A1 CA 2174657 A1 CA2174657 A1 CA 2174657A1 CA 002174657 A CA002174657 A CA 002174657A CA 2174657 A CA2174657 A CA 2174657A CA 2174657 A1 CA2174657 A1 CA 2174657A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- fork
- pivot
- pivoting arm
- spring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K25/00—Axle suspensions
- B62K25/04—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork
- B62K25/06—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with telescopic fork, e.g. including auxiliary rocking arms
- B62K25/08—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with telescopic fork, e.g. including auxiliary rocking arms for front wheel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K21/00—Steering devices
- B62K21/18—Connections between forks and handlebars or handlebar stems
- B62K21/20—Connections between forks and handlebars or handlebar stems resilient
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K25/00—Axle suspensions
- B62K25/04—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork
- B62K25/12—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg
- B62K25/14—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg with single arm on each fork leg
- B62K25/16—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg with single arm on each fork leg for front wheel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Axle Suspensions And Sidecars For Cycles (AREA)
- Steering Devices For Bicycles And Motorcycles (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention pertains to a device for wheel control in the frame of a bicycle, where the front fork, on which the front wheel is rotatably mounted, has a first joint (4) in which the frame (1) is swivel-supported on the fork and a second joint (5) which is situated at a vertical distance beneath the first pint (4) and in which a pivoting arm (6), which pivots about an axis (7) on the frame, is swivel-supported and guided on the fork, and where a spring/damping element (15) is mounted between the pivoting arm (6) and the frame (1), mutually and oppositely supporting both.
Description
21 746~7 Arrangement for a sprung wheel mounting on the frame of a bicycle Description The invention concerns an arrangement as set forth in the classifying portion of claim 1.
Sprung wheel mountings of that kind on the frame of a bicycle are known in particular in relation to mountain bikes (EP 0 377 220 Al) and serve to enhance the degree of travel comfort, in part;clllAr on an uneven hi gkk~y. They ;nCl~ a t~l~scopic fork which is variable in respect of its length and on which the front wheel is l~LaLa~ly mounted, and a pivot in the form of a rotary pivot in which the frame is pivotably supported on the telescopic fork.
DE 37 08 579 Al discloses a front wheel mounting for motorcycles, in which provided on a fork bridge which connects the two tllhlll~r sliders is a ball joint connected to a pivoting arm which is pivotable about an axis which is perpendicular to the plane of the frame. In addition an upwardly cranked portion which connects the upper lS fork bridge which interconnects the two st~n~h;on tubes to the (oLoL~-ycle steering is connected to the l,~oLoL~ycle frame by way of a ball joint. A spring element is supported between the ,~Lol~y-cle frame and the pivoting arm. That front wheel suspension however has not proven successful in the case of motorcycles because of the lack of fine sensitivity and easy movement of the steering.
In addition, DE 36 23 567 Al discloses a front wheel sllcp~n~;on for l~Lw ~ycles, in which a telescopic fork ccmprising tubular sliders and stAnrh;on tubes is connected to the motorcycle frame by way of a control head. The control head is connected to the st~n~h;on tube in such a way as to be ~p~hl~ of providing for axial motion c~ L~n~tion.
A pivoting lever which is pivotable on the frame is connected to the telescopic fork by way of a rotary- joint at a fork bridge which connects the two tubular sliders. A spring is disposed ~between the pivoting lever and the motorcycle frame.
The object of the present invention is to provide an aLL~ny~l~nL
of the kind set forth in the opening part of this specification, which with simple means provides a further improvement in the level of travel cullfolL of the bicycle.
- AMENDED PA OE
21~4657 In accordance with the invention that object is attained by the characterising features of claim 1.
That provides for rP~ ntly absorbing and damping shocks which act on the front wheel. Additional springs in the telescopic forks are no longer required but may also be provided.
The journal 'Motorrad' 1984, issue 25, pages 67 to 70, discloses various mechanical anti-dive systems for motorcycles, which are intended to support braking forces by way of a lever system at the lower fork bridge. That is intended effectively to prevent fork dive.
However those systems have not proven successful in a practical context. One of those known anti-dive systems has a pivoting arm which is arranged between the frame and the t~l~scop;c fork and which is mounted pivotably on the frame about an axis ~el~en~;~]lAr to the plane of the frame and which is supported on the telescopic fork. An expensive lever system in the form of a tr;An~llAr link is required for resiliently supporting the pivoting arm on the frame. In comparison therewith the invention provides for a substantially s;mrl~r operable structure.
The telescop;c fork has two tllh~ Ar sliders, at the lower ends of which the front wheel is rotatably mounted. In addition, telescopically guided in the two tubular sl;~rs are two associated stAnch;on tubes or bars which are pivotably connected to the frame by way of the first pivot. The two tubular sl;~rs are pivotably connected to the pivoting arm jointly by way of the second pivot. In order for the two stAn~h;on tubes or bars and the two tllhlllAr sliders to be fiX~ly connected together,; two fork bridges are provided. The two pivots which are in the form of ball joints are also arranged on the two fork bridges.
The springing for the telescopic fork is provided by resilient support of the pivoting arm on the frame, more specifically between the pivoting arm axis which extends pependicularly to the plane of the frame, and the first pivot. The spring element may be a pneumatic or hydraulic spring, a coil spring, or an ela~u,~l block with res;l;~nt AMENDED PA OE
21746~7 properties, a so-called rubber spring. The spring element preferably also performs a damping function. A damping function however may also be provided by damping elements, for example oil dampers, between the t-lhlllAr sliders and the stanchion tubes.
The steering axis can be formed by the two pivots and can extend between the two telescopic fork portions which are formed by the two tlhll~r sliders and the two stAn~h;on tubes or bars which are guided therein.
The steering axis may also extend inclinedly relative to the plane fonmed by the telescopic fork portions, the upper pivot being behind that plane, as viewed in the direction of forward travel. In addition the two upper fixing locations of the two telescopic fork portions on the upper fork bridge which can be of a rectili~eAr or slightly curved or triangular configuration can be in the form of r~s;l;~nt joints. However a rigid connection between the t~le~cop;c fork portions and the upper fork bridge is preferred. That upper pivot which is in the form of a ball joint, and the two fixing locations of the telescopic fork portions may form a triangle with each other or may be disposed a~p~O~Lmately on one line.
The invention will be described in greater detail hereinafter by means of ~mho~;ments illustrated in the drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a diayl~,..~Lic p~rspective view of a first ~mbo~;m~nt~
Figure 2 shows a second embodiment, Figure 3 shows a detail view of the e~ho~im~nt ill~sLl~Led in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows an ~nho~;mP~t relating to the Lol.,~Lion of a ball joint, Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a further ~mho~;m~nt with a rear wheel mounting, and Figure 6 is a perspective detail view of the rear wheel mounting of the ~nhc~;m~nt shown in Figure 4.
In the illustrated embodiments a front wheel 2 of a bi~ycle of which a frame 1 is illustrated is mounted on the frame 1 by way of a t~ copic fork 3. The telescopic AMENDED PAGE
` _ 3a 2174657 'I''ll~ ~lilly ~ci::, Illdy d~ f;~ lfflly l~ldtiV~ Lo t~le plane formed by the telescopic fork portions, the upper pivot being behind that plane, as viewed in the direction of forward trav,el. In addition the two upper fixing locations of the two telesc~?pic fork S portions on the upper fork bridge which can be of a re ~;1; n~r or slightly curved or triangular configuration can be i~ the form of res;l;~nt joints. However a rigid connection be ~ the t~l~scop;c fork portions and the upper fork bridge is ~ e~l ~ . That upper pivot which can be in the form of a pivot with a fix ~ axis or in the form of a ball joint, and the two fixing locatio ~ of the t~ scop;c fork portions may fo~m a triangle with each / ther or may be disposed a~Loximately on one line.
The invention will be described ~ n greater detail hereinafter by means of embcdiments illustrated in~ he drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a diay~ ic perspective view of a first ~hc~;m~nt, Figure 2 shows a seco ~ embcdiment, Figure 3 shows a ~ tail view of the embcdiment illustrated in Figure 2, Figure 4 s ~ an ~c~impnt relating to the formation of a ball joint, Figure /shows a perspective view of a further ~ho~;m~nt with a rear wheel ~unting, and Fi ~ e 6 is a perspective detail view of the rear wheel mounting of the ~ hc~;ment shcwn in Figure 4.
/ In the illus~La~ed ~nhc~;m~nts a front wheel 2 of a bicycle of ~ich a frame 1 is illustrated is mounted on the frane 1 by way of a ~tel~sccp;c fork 3. The telescopic¦fork 3 has two tllhlllAr sl;~rs 8 and 9. The ~ront wheel 2 is rotatably mounted at the lower ends of the two t~lhlllAr sliders 8 and 9 in known m~nn~r. m e two tl~hl~lAr sl;~ers 8 and 9 are fixedly connected together by way of a fork bridge 13. The two ~hlllAr sliders 8 and 9 are held at a given spacing from each other by the fork bridge 13.
2174~57 Telescopically guided in the two tubular sliders 8 and 9 are two associated stanchion tubes 10 and 11 which can also be in the form of bars. The two stanchion tubes 10 and 11 are fixedly connected together by way of a fork bridge 12. The fork bridge 12 is rigidly connected to the two stanchion tubes 10 and 11 in the region of the upper ends thereof. Ha~lebArs 16 of the bicycle can also be fixed to the fork bridge 12. In the illusLL~ed ~mbo~ nts the stanchion tubes 10 and 11 are pivotably connected to the frame 1 by way of the fork bridge 12.
For that purpose the pivot 4 is disposed on the fork bridge 12.
Of the pivots 4 and 5 the lower pivot 5 is preferably in the form of a ball joint. In Figure 1 both pivots 4 and 5 are in the form of ball joints. In the illustrated ~nhc~iments a pivoting arm 6 is mounted on the frame 1 pivotably about an axis 7. The axis 7 extends ~e~ lArly to the plane of the frame or parallel to the axis of the front wheel 2 when the front wheel 2 is in the position for travelling straight ahead. The pivoting arm 6 is supported on the two tuhlllAr sliders 8 and 9 by way of the pivot 5 and the fork bridge 13.
The pivot 5 which in the illustrated ~hc~ ntS is in the form of a ball joint and which is provided on the fork bridge 13 has a ball socket in the pivoting arm 6 and a pivot ball which is provided on the fork bridge 13 and which is guided in the ball socket. The pivoting arm 6 is fitted with its ball socket on the pivot ball.
In the illustrated ~Thc~;m~nts a spring 15 is provided between the frame 1 and the pivoting arm 6. The spring 15 can be so ~eSi~n~
that it ensures the resilient telescopicability of the telescopic fork 3. The stanchion tubes 10, 11 can project more deeply into the tl-hlllAr sliders in order to enhance the degree of ~e~hAn;cAl strength. However telescopic springs may addit;~nAlly also be provided. The spring 15 may be an elasLu,~L block, a pneumatic/hydraulic spring or a m~hAn;~Al coil cu"~Lession spring. The spring 15 preferably also has damping L Lies.
In the ~ho~;mPnt shown in Figure 1, for the upper bal1 joint, the pivot ball is provided on the frame 1 and the ball socket of the pivot 4 is provided on the fork bridge 12.
217~657 In the illustrated embodiments the action of the spring 15 is put to use in such a way that the ball socket and the pivot ball of the pivots 4 and 5 are held finmly one within the other. The biasing force of the spring 15 is operative between the two pivots 4 and 5.
In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 5, 6, the upper and lower fork bridges 12 and 13 extend in a recti1;ne~r configuration between the two fork portions of the telescopic fork 3. In that aLLang~~ t a steering axis 17 is fonmed by the two pivots 4 and 5. The steering axis 17 extends parallel to the two telescopic fork portions and centrally therebetween. Fixing locations 18, 19 of the two telescopic fork portions (in Figures 1 and 5, 6, the st~nchion tubes 10 and 11) are disposed at the two ends of the fork bridge 12 which is of a straight configuration.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 2 the upper fork bridge 12 is of a tri~n~ r confi~lration. The two fixing locations 18 and 19 of the telescopic fork portions (the stanchion tubes or bars 10 and 11) are disposed at two corners of the triangle. The pivot 4 is disposed at the other corner of the triangle. In this ~hQ~ent, as can be seen fram Figure 3, the pivot 4 occurs as the point of intersection of a fixed axis 25 with a central plane 26 in which lie the pivot axes or points which are formed by elastic joints in the fixing locations 18, 19. A mounting pin 24 is fixed to the fork bridge 12 and projects =rdly, to form the fixed axis 25. The mounting pin 24 is L~LaLably guided on the frame 1 in an upper rolling bearing 20 and a lower rolling bearing 21 and forms the axis 2S. The steering axis 17 extends ;ncl;n~ly relative to the plane formed by the telescopic forks and is ~ef;nFd by the pivot 4 and the pivot 5.
The fixing locations 18 and 19 of the telescopic forks on the upper fork bridge 12 are in the form of elastic joints. As Figure 3 30 -shows, for that purpose a joint or pivot pin 23 provided on the respective st~n~h;on tube 10, 11 is mounted in an elastic bush 22 of metal or rubber. The respective elastic joint is formed thereby in the fork bridge 12 at the fixing locations 18 and 19. The described elastic joints may also be provided at the fixing locations 18, 19 of the ~ko~imPnts shown in Figures 1 and 5. In that case the pivot 4 is between the fixing locations 18, 19.
In the illustrated embodiments of the front wheel suspension arrangement however the fixing locations 18 and 19 of the telescopic fork on the upper fork bridge 10 may also be rigid. In that way the st~n~h;on tubes 10 and 11 are then rigidly connected to the fork bridge 12. The pivot 4 can be in the form of a ball joint comprising a ball and a socket. It may also be of the ~es;gn configuration as shcwn in Figure 4. In this case also the arrangement has a pivot 4 which acts like a ball joint and whose pivot point is formed by the fixed axis 25 the mounting pin 24 which is mounted in the rolling bearings 20, 21, and a central plane 26 of the elastic bush 22, as shcwn in Figure 4.
The two rolling bearings 20, 21 may also be arranged between the elastic bush 22 and the mounting pin 24 which is then fixedly connected to the frame 1.
Figures 5 and 6 show the mounting of a rear wheel 28. The mounting of the front wheel can be designed as described with reference to Figures 1 through 4.
The wheel suspension for the rear wheel comprises a pivoting arm 27 which is mounted on the frame 1 pivotably at a pivot 31 about an axis 33 which extends perpendicularly to the plane of the frame. A
wheel fork 26 is rigidly fixed to the pivoting arm 27. The wheel pivoting arm 27 extends inclinedly upwardly relative to the horizontal at an acute angle of about 45. The fork 26 is fixed somewhat above the middle of the pivoting arm 27 to the pivoting arm at a connecting location 36. The upper end of the pivoting arm 27 is connected by way of reinforcing bars 14 to the rearward half of the fork 26. The fork 26, the upper part of the pivoting arm 27 and the reinforcing bars 14 fonm a triangle. That triangle guarantees a high level of strength for the rear wheel suspension. The pivot 31 for the pivotable mounting of the rear wheel suspension is mounted pivotably on the frame 1 above the bottom bearing assembly 34.
-In addition to the pivotable mounting the rear wheel suspension is addit;on~lly supported on the frame by means of a spring element 30 which also has damping ~lo~elLies. The additional support point of the wheel s l~p~n.~;~n iS disposed at the connecting location 36 of the fork 26 to the pivoting arm 27.
m e spring element 30 may be in the form of an elastomer block, pneumatic spring, hydraulic spring or ~e~h~n;c~l spring. m e spring element 30 also has a damping function.
In the illustrated e~bcdiment the spring element is supported at a location 35 in the vicinity of the bottom bearing ~s~hly 34 on the frame 1 and is connected by way of a pull element 29 which is in the form of a plll1 r¢d to the wheel sll~p~n~;~n at the connecting location 36 which is in the region of the rigid fixing of the fork 26 to the pivoting arm 27. The pull element 29 also engages a plate-like ~g~m~nt location 32 on the spring element 30. When the frame 1 is loaded, the spring element 30 is c~"~l~ssed by way of the pull element 29. In that situation the forces are ~pl;~ to the frame 1 by way of the support location 35.
me pull element 29 can be replace~hle and when using different lengths can be adapted to different conditions, bicycle size or bcdy weight.
m e holding element 29 can also be adjustable in terms of its effective length, for example it can be provided with a screwthread and a nut which is supported against the spring element 33 at the ~n~a~m~t location 32.
Tensile forces which take effect in a springing situation are transmitted to the frame 1 by way of the pull element 29, the spring/damping element 30 and by way of the support 35 in the vicinity of the bottam bearing assembly 34. The forces which are operative at the rear wheel suspension arrangement and which take effect in the pivot 33 and the support 35 are carried in the same region of the frame.
-It is also possible to use a spring element 30 which supports the reinforced rear wheel suspension and the frame 1 relative to each other, similarly as is the case with the solution according to the invention at the front wheel suspension arrangement. The spring element S is then preferably supported between the connecting location 36 between the fork 26 and the pivoting arm 27, and the frame member 37 which carries the saddle of the bicycle.
Sprung wheel mountings of that kind on the frame of a bicycle are known in particular in relation to mountain bikes (EP 0 377 220 Al) and serve to enhance the degree of travel comfort, in part;clllAr on an uneven hi gkk~y. They ;nCl~ a t~l~scopic fork which is variable in respect of its length and on which the front wheel is l~LaLa~ly mounted, and a pivot in the form of a rotary pivot in which the frame is pivotably supported on the telescopic fork.
DE 37 08 579 Al discloses a front wheel mounting for motorcycles, in which provided on a fork bridge which connects the two tllhlll~r sliders is a ball joint connected to a pivoting arm which is pivotable about an axis which is perpendicular to the plane of the frame. In addition an upwardly cranked portion which connects the upper lS fork bridge which interconnects the two st~n~h;on tubes to the (oLoL~-ycle steering is connected to the l,~oLoL~ycle frame by way of a ball joint. A spring element is supported between the ,~Lol~y-cle frame and the pivoting arm. That front wheel suspension however has not proven successful in the case of motorcycles because of the lack of fine sensitivity and easy movement of the steering.
In addition, DE 36 23 567 Al discloses a front wheel sllcp~n~;on for l~Lw ~ycles, in which a telescopic fork ccmprising tubular sliders and stAnrh;on tubes is connected to the motorcycle frame by way of a control head. The control head is connected to the st~n~h;on tube in such a way as to be ~p~hl~ of providing for axial motion c~ L~n~tion.
A pivoting lever which is pivotable on the frame is connected to the telescopic fork by way of a rotary- joint at a fork bridge which connects the two tubular sliders. A spring is disposed ~between the pivoting lever and the motorcycle frame.
The object of the present invention is to provide an aLL~ny~l~nL
of the kind set forth in the opening part of this specification, which with simple means provides a further improvement in the level of travel cullfolL of the bicycle.
- AMENDED PA OE
21~4657 In accordance with the invention that object is attained by the characterising features of claim 1.
That provides for rP~ ntly absorbing and damping shocks which act on the front wheel. Additional springs in the telescopic forks are no longer required but may also be provided.
The journal 'Motorrad' 1984, issue 25, pages 67 to 70, discloses various mechanical anti-dive systems for motorcycles, which are intended to support braking forces by way of a lever system at the lower fork bridge. That is intended effectively to prevent fork dive.
However those systems have not proven successful in a practical context. One of those known anti-dive systems has a pivoting arm which is arranged between the frame and the t~l~scop;c fork and which is mounted pivotably on the frame about an axis ~el~en~;~]lAr to the plane of the frame and which is supported on the telescopic fork. An expensive lever system in the form of a tr;An~llAr link is required for resiliently supporting the pivoting arm on the frame. In comparison therewith the invention provides for a substantially s;mrl~r operable structure.
The telescop;c fork has two tllh~ Ar sliders, at the lower ends of which the front wheel is rotatably mounted. In addition, telescopically guided in the two tubular sl;~rs are two associated stAnch;on tubes or bars which are pivotably connected to the frame by way of the first pivot. The two tubular sl;~rs are pivotably connected to the pivoting arm jointly by way of the second pivot. In order for the two stAn~h;on tubes or bars and the two tllhlllAr sliders to be fiX~ly connected together,; two fork bridges are provided. The two pivots which are in the form of ball joints are also arranged on the two fork bridges.
The springing for the telescopic fork is provided by resilient support of the pivoting arm on the frame, more specifically between the pivoting arm axis which extends pependicularly to the plane of the frame, and the first pivot. The spring element may be a pneumatic or hydraulic spring, a coil spring, or an ela~u,~l block with res;l;~nt AMENDED PA OE
21746~7 properties, a so-called rubber spring. The spring element preferably also performs a damping function. A damping function however may also be provided by damping elements, for example oil dampers, between the t-lhlllAr sliders and the stanchion tubes.
The steering axis can be formed by the two pivots and can extend between the two telescopic fork portions which are formed by the two tlhll~r sliders and the two stAn~h;on tubes or bars which are guided therein.
The steering axis may also extend inclinedly relative to the plane fonmed by the telescopic fork portions, the upper pivot being behind that plane, as viewed in the direction of forward travel. In addition the two upper fixing locations of the two telescopic fork portions on the upper fork bridge which can be of a rectili~eAr or slightly curved or triangular configuration can be in the form of r~s;l;~nt joints. However a rigid connection between the t~le~cop;c fork portions and the upper fork bridge is preferred. That upper pivot which is in the form of a ball joint, and the two fixing locations of the telescopic fork portions may form a triangle with each other or may be disposed a~p~O~Lmately on one line.
The invention will be described in greater detail hereinafter by means of ~mho~;ments illustrated in the drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a diayl~,..~Lic p~rspective view of a first ~mbo~;m~nt~
Figure 2 shows a second embodiment, Figure 3 shows a detail view of the e~ho~im~nt ill~sLl~Led in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows an ~nho~;mP~t relating to the Lol.,~Lion of a ball joint, Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a further ~mho~;m~nt with a rear wheel mounting, and Figure 6 is a perspective detail view of the rear wheel mounting of the ~nhc~;m~nt shown in Figure 4.
In the illustrated embodiments a front wheel 2 of a bi~ycle of which a frame 1 is illustrated is mounted on the frame 1 by way of a t~ copic fork 3. The telescopic AMENDED PAGE
` _ 3a 2174657 'I''ll~ ~lilly ~ci::, Illdy d~ f;~ lfflly l~ldtiV~ Lo t~le plane formed by the telescopic fork portions, the upper pivot being behind that plane, as viewed in the direction of forward trav,el. In addition the two upper fixing locations of the two telesc~?pic fork S portions on the upper fork bridge which can be of a re ~;1; n~r or slightly curved or triangular configuration can be i~ the form of res;l;~nt joints. However a rigid connection be ~ the t~l~scop;c fork portions and the upper fork bridge is ~ e~l ~ . That upper pivot which can be in the form of a pivot with a fix ~ axis or in the form of a ball joint, and the two fixing locatio ~ of the t~ scop;c fork portions may fo~m a triangle with each / ther or may be disposed a~Loximately on one line.
The invention will be described ~ n greater detail hereinafter by means of embcdiments illustrated in~ he drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a diay~ ic perspective view of a first ~hc~;m~nt, Figure 2 shows a seco ~ embcdiment, Figure 3 shows a ~ tail view of the embcdiment illustrated in Figure 2, Figure 4 s ~ an ~c~impnt relating to the formation of a ball joint, Figure /shows a perspective view of a further ~ho~;m~nt with a rear wheel ~unting, and Fi ~ e 6 is a perspective detail view of the rear wheel mounting of the ~ hc~;ment shcwn in Figure 4.
/ In the illus~La~ed ~nhc~;m~nts a front wheel 2 of a bicycle of ~ich a frame 1 is illustrated is mounted on the frane 1 by way of a ~tel~sccp;c fork 3. The telescopic¦fork 3 has two tllhlllAr sl;~rs 8 and 9. The ~ront wheel 2 is rotatably mounted at the lower ends of the two t~lhlllAr sliders 8 and 9 in known m~nn~r. m e two tl~hl~lAr sl;~ers 8 and 9 are fixedly connected together by way of a fork bridge 13. The two ~hlllAr sliders 8 and 9 are held at a given spacing from each other by the fork bridge 13.
2174~57 Telescopically guided in the two tubular sliders 8 and 9 are two associated stanchion tubes 10 and 11 which can also be in the form of bars. The two stanchion tubes 10 and 11 are fixedly connected together by way of a fork bridge 12. The fork bridge 12 is rigidly connected to the two stanchion tubes 10 and 11 in the region of the upper ends thereof. Ha~lebArs 16 of the bicycle can also be fixed to the fork bridge 12. In the illusLL~ed ~mbo~ nts the stanchion tubes 10 and 11 are pivotably connected to the frame 1 by way of the fork bridge 12.
For that purpose the pivot 4 is disposed on the fork bridge 12.
Of the pivots 4 and 5 the lower pivot 5 is preferably in the form of a ball joint. In Figure 1 both pivots 4 and 5 are in the form of ball joints. In the illustrated ~nhc~iments a pivoting arm 6 is mounted on the frame 1 pivotably about an axis 7. The axis 7 extends ~e~ lArly to the plane of the frame or parallel to the axis of the front wheel 2 when the front wheel 2 is in the position for travelling straight ahead. The pivoting arm 6 is supported on the two tuhlllAr sliders 8 and 9 by way of the pivot 5 and the fork bridge 13.
The pivot 5 which in the illustrated ~hc~ ntS is in the form of a ball joint and which is provided on the fork bridge 13 has a ball socket in the pivoting arm 6 and a pivot ball which is provided on the fork bridge 13 and which is guided in the ball socket. The pivoting arm 6 is fitted with its ball socket on the pivot ball.
In the illustrated ~Thc~;m~nts a spring 15 is provided between the frame 1 and the pivoting arm 6. The spring 15 can be so ~eSi~n~
that it ensures the resilient telescopicability of the telescopic fork 3. The stanchion tubes 10, 11 can project more deeply into the tl-hlllAr sliders in order to enhance the degree of ~e~hAn;cAl strength. However telescopic springs may addit;~nAlly also be provided. The spring 15 may be an elasLu,~L block, a pneumatic/hydraulic spring or a m~hAn;~Al coil cu"~Lession spring. The spring 15 preferably also has damping L Lies.
In the ~ho~;mPnt shown in Figure 1, for the upper bal1 joint, the pivot ball is provided on the frame 1 and the ball socket of the pivot 4 is provided on the fork bridge 12.
217~657 In the illustrated embodiments the action of the spring 15 is put to use in such a way that the ball socket and the pivot ball of the pivots 4 and 5 are held finmly one within the other. The biasing force of the spring 15 is operative between the two pivots 4 and 5.
In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 5, 6, the upper and lower fork bridges 12 and 13 extend in a recti1;ne~r configuration between the two fork portions of the telescopic fork 3. In that aLLang~~ t a steering axis 17 is fonmed by the two pivots 4 and 5. The steering axis 17 extends parallel to the two telescopic fork portions and centrally therebetween. Fixing locations 18, 19 of the two telescopic fork portions (in Figures 1 and 5, 6, the st~nchion tubes 10 and 11) are disposed at the two ends of the fork bridge 12 which is of a straight configuration.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 2 the upper fork bridge 12 is of a tri~n~ r confi~lration. The two fixing locations 18 and 19 of the telescopic fork portions (the stanchion tubes or bars 10 and 11) are disposed at two corners of the triangle. The pivot 4 is disposed at the other corner of the triangle. In this ~hQ~ent, as can be seen fram Figure 3, the pivot 4 occurs as the point of intersection of a fixed axis 25 with a central plane 26 in which lie the pivot axes or points which are formed by elastic joints in the fixing locations 18, 19. A mounting pin 24 is fixed to the fork bridge 12 and projects =rdly, to form the fixed axis 25. The mounting pin 24 is L~LaLably guided on the frame 1 in an upper rolling bearing 20 and a lower rolling bearing 21 and forms the axis 2S. The steering axis 17 extends ;ncl;n~ly relative to the plane formed by the telescopic forks and is ~ef;nFd by the pivot 4 and the pivot 5.
The fixing locations 18 and 19 of the telescopic forks on the upper fork bridge 12 are in the form of elastic joints. As Figure 3 30 -shows, for that purpose a joint or pivot pin 23 provided on the respective st~n~h;on tube 10, 11 is mounted in an elastic bush 22 of metal or rubber. The respective elastic joint is formed thereby in the fork bridge 12 at the fixing locations 18 and 19. The described elastic joints may also be provided at the fixing locations 18, 19 of the ~ko~imPnts shown in Figures 1 and 5. In that case the pivot 4 is between the fixing locations 18, 19.
In the illustrated embodiments of the front wheel suspension arrangement however the fixing locations 18 and 19 of the telescopic fork on the upper fork bridge 10 may also be rigid. In that way the st~n~h;on tubes 10 and 11 are then rigidly connected to the fork bridge 12. The pivot 4 can be in the form of a ball joint comprising a ball and a socket. It may also be of the ~es;gn configuration as shcwn in Figure 4. In this case also the arrangement has a pivot 4 which acts like a ball joint and whose pivot point is formed by the fixed axis 25 the mounting pin 24 which is mounted in the rolling bearings 20, 21, and a central plane 26 of the elastic bush 22, as shcwn in Figure 4.
The two rolling bearings 20, 21 may also be arranged between the elastic bush 22 and the mounting pin 24 which is then fixedly connected to the frame 1.
Figures 5 and 6 show the mounting of a rear wheel 28. The mounting of the front wheel can be designed as described with reference to Figures 1 through 4.
The wheel suspension for the rear wheel comprises a pivoting arm 27 which is mounted on the frame 1 pivotably at a pivot 31 about an axis 33 which extends perpendicularly to the plane of the frame. A
wheel fork 26 is rigidly fixed to the pivoting arm 27. The wheel pivoting arm 27 extends inclinedly upwardly relative to the horizontal at an acute angle of about 45. The fork 26 is fixed somewhat above the middle of the pivoting arm 27 to the pivoting arm at a connecting location 36. The upper end of the pivoting arm 27 is connected by way of reinforcing bars 14 to the rearward half of the fork 26. The fork 26, the upper part of the pivoting arm 27 and the reinforcing bars 14 fonm a triangle. That triangle guarantees a high level of strength for the rear wheel suspension. The pivot 31 for the pivotable mounting of the rear wheel suspension is mounted pivotably on the frame 1 above the bottom bearing assembly 34.
-In addition to the pivotable mounting the rear wheel suspension is addit;on~lly supported on the frame by means of a spring element 30 which also has damping ~lo~elLies. The additional support point of the wheel s l~p~n.~;~n iS disposed at the connecting location 36 of the fork 26 to the pivoting arm 27.
m e spring element 30 may be in the form of an elastomer block, pneumatic spring, hydraulic spring or ~e~h~n;c~l spring. m e spring element 30 also has a damping function.
In the illustrated e~bcdiment the spring element is supported at a location 35 in the vicinity of the bottom bearing ~s~hly 34 on the frame 1 and is connected by way of a pull element 29 which is in the form of a plll1 r¢d to the wheel sll~p~n~;~n at the connecting location 36 which is in the region of the rigid fixing of the fork 26 to the pivoting arm 27. The pull element 29 also engages a plate-like ~g~m~nt location 32 on the spring element 30. When the frame 1 is loaded, the spring element 30 is c~"~l~ssed by way of the pull element 29. In that situation the forces are ~pl;~ to the frame 1 by way of the support location 35.
me pull element 29 can be replace~hle and when using different lengths can be adapted to different conditions, bicycle size or bcdy weight.
m e holding element 29 can also be adjustable in terms of its effective length, for example it can be provided with a screwthread and a nut which is supported against the spring element 33 at the ~n~a~m~t location 32.
Tensile forces which take effect in a springing situation are transmitted to the frame 1 by way of the pull element 29, the spring/damping element 30 and by way of the support 35 in the vicinity of the bottam bearing assembly 34. The forces which are operative at the rear wheel suspension arrangement and which take effect in the pivot 33 and the support 35 are carried in the same region of the frame.
-It is also possible to use a spring element 30 which supports the reinforced rear wheel suspension and the frame 1 relative to each other, similarly as is the case with the solution according to the invention at the front wheel suspension arrangement. The spring element S is then preferably supported between the connecting location 36 between the fork 26 and the pivoting arm 27, and the frame member 37 which carries the saddle of the bicycle.
Claims (4)
1. An arrangement for a sprung front wheel mounting on the frame of a bicycle, having a telescopic fork (3) which is variable in respect of its length and on which the front wheel (2) is rotatably mounted, and a first pivot (4) in which the frame (1) is pivotably supported on the telescopic fork (3), characterised in that:
- the telescopic fork (3) has two tubular sliders (8, 9) on which the front wheel (2) is rotatably mounted and two stanchion tubes (10, 11) which are telescopically guided in the two tubular sliders (8, 9);
- the two stanchion tubes (10, 11) are connected to the frame (1) by way of the first pivot (4) which is in the form of a ball joint and which is formed on a fork bridge (12) which connects the two stanchion tubes (10, 11);
- provided at the vertical spacing below the first pivot (4) is a second pivot (5) which is also in the form of a ball joint and which is formed on a fork bridge (13) connecting the two tubular sliders (8, 9) together and which pivotably connects the two tubular sliders (8, 9) to a pivoting arm (6) which is mounted on the frame (1) pivotably about an axis (7) which is perpendicular to the plane of the frame; and - a spring element (15) is supported on the one hand on the frame member which extends between the axis (7) and the first pivot (4) and on the other hand on the pivoting arm (6).
- the telescopic fork (3) has two tubular sliders (8, 9) on which the front wheel (2) is rotatably mounted and two stanchion tubes (10, 11) which are telescopically guided in the two tubular sliders (8, 9);
- the two stanchion tubes (10, 11) are connected to the frame (1) by way of the first pivot (4) which is in the form of a ball joint and which is formed on a fork bridge (12) which connects the two stanchion tubes (10, 11);
- provided at the vertical spacing below the first pivot (4) is a second pivot (5) which is also in the form of a ball joint and which is formed on a fork bridge (13) connecting the two tubular sliders (8, 9) together and which pivotably connects the two tubular sliders (8, 9) to a pivoting arm (6) which is mounted on the frame (1) pivotably about an axis (7) which is perpendicular to the plane of the frame; and - a spring element (15) is supported on the one hand on the frame member which extends between the axis (7) and the first pivot (4) and on the other hand on the pivoting arm (6).
2. An arrangement according to claim 1 characterised in that a steering axis (17) formed by the two ball joints (4, 5) extends substantially centrally between the two telescopic fork portions (8, 10 9, 11) in parallel relationship.
3, An arrangement according to claim l characterised in that a damping element is arranged between the respective stanchion tube (10, 11) and tubular slider (8, 9).
4. An arrangement according to one of claims 1 to claim 3 characterised in that in addition a second spring element (30) is arranged between the frame (1) and a rear wheel suspension (26, 27) which is pivotably connected to the frame (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9317132U DE9317132U1 (en) | 1993-11-09 | 1993-11-09 | Device for sprung guidance of a front wheel on the frame of a bicycle |
| DEG9317132.3U | 1993-11-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2174657A1 true CA2174657A1 (en) | 1995-05-18 |
Family
ID=6900493
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002174657A Abandoned CA2174657A1 (en) | 1993-11-09 | 1994-11-08 | Device for spring-loaded wheel control in the frame of a bicycle |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0728093B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH09509378A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1062518C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE162986T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2174657A1 (en) |
| DE (3) | DE9317132U1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995013207A1 (en) |
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| DE9407208U1 (en) * | 1994-04-30 | 1994-07-14 | Ackeret, Roman, Rheinfelden | Suspension fork of a wheel bearing for two-wheel vehicles |
| DE19546770C2 (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 2003-07-31 | Hs Products Engineering Gmbh | Device for a sprung front wheel guide on the frame of a bicycle |
| DE19620457A1 (en) * | 1996-05-21 | 1997-11-27 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Folding frame for pedal cycle |
| FR2753952B1 (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 1998-12-04 | Savreux Olivier Pierre Joseph | SUSPENSION AND STEERING DEVICE FOR FRONT WHEEL OF BICYCLE |
| DE19644105A1 (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-05-07 | Hs Products Ag Systemtechnik U | Bicycle with steered sprung front wheel |
| CA2253192A1 (en) * | 1998-10-26 | 2000-04-26 | Jean-Claude Bibollet | Front and back steering assembly and suspension for motorized snow vehicles |
| DE19955645A1 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2001-05-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Front wheel fork system for esp. bicycles has front wheel with elastic-kinematic suspension |
| US7140627B2 (en) * | 2002-07-29 | 2006-11-28 | Wimmer Martin F | Front wheel suspension system for vehicles having a single front wheel |
| DE102006011850A1 (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2007-09-20 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Bicycle, has trailing arm connected with lower fork bridge mechanism by lower joint, where mechanism primarily supports telescopic fork in longitudinal direction, and is formed by front and rear fork bridge units |
| EP2293969A4 (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2014-11-26 | Société De Vélo En Libre Service | Fork assembly for a bicycle |
| CN102653296B (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2014-07-30 | 苏州益高电动车辆制造有限公司 | Shock-absorbing device of electrocar |
| US10526039B2 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2020-01-07 | Trvstper, Inc. | Suspension assembly for a cycle |
| US10308312B2 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2019-06-04 | Trvstper, Inc. | Suspension assembly for a cycle |
| US10196106B1 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2019-02-05 | Trvstper, Inc. | Suspension assembly for a cycle |
| US10300979B2 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2019-05-28 | Trvstper, Inc. | Suspension assembly for a bicycle |
| US10518836B2 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2019-12-31 | Trvstper, Inc. | Suspension assembly for a cycle |
| US10549812B2 (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2020-02-04 | Trvstper, Inc. | Inline shock absorber with gas spring for a cycle wheel suspension assembly |
| US10526040B2 (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2020-01-07 | Trvstper, Inc. | Inline shock absorber with gas spring for a cycle wheel suspension assembly |
| US10518839B2 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2019-12-31 | Trvstper, Inc. | Inline shock absorber with coil spring for a cycle wheel suspension assembly |
| US10549813B2 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2020-02-04 | Trvstper, Inc. | Inline shock absorber with coil spring for a cycle wheel suspension assembly |
| USD880372S1 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2020-04-07 | Trvstper, Inc. | Cycle suspension assembly |
| USD861542S1 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2019-10-01 | Trvstper, Inc. | Cycle suspension assembly |
| USD860062S1 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2019-09-17 | Trvstper, Inc. | Cycle suspension assembly |
| USD880369S1 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2020-04-07 | Trvstper, Inc. | Cycle suspension assembly |
| USD859125S1 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2019-09-10 | Trvstper, Inc. | Cycle suspension rebound knob |
| USD880370S1 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2020-04-07 | Trvstper, Inc. | Cycle suspension assembly |
| USD880371S1 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2020-04-07 | Trvstper, Inc. | Cycle suspension assembly |
| USD860061S1 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2019-09-17 | Trvstper, Inc. | Cycle suspension assembly |
| US20200079463A1 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-12 | Trvstper, Inc. | Dual sided suspension assembly for a cycle wheel |
| US11084552B2 (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2021-08-10 | Specialized Bicycle Components, Inc. | Simplified gas spring setup for a trailing link cycle wheel suspension |
| US11230348B2 (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2022-01-25 | Specialized Bicycle Components, Inc. | Trailing link cycle wheel suspension assembly having gas pistons with unequal gas piston areas |
| US11230347B2 (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2022-01-25 | Specialized Bicycle Components, Inc. | Cycle wheel suspension assembly having gas pistons with unequal gas piston areas |
| US11230346B2 (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2022-01-25 | Specialized Bicycle Components Inc. | Cycle wheel suspension assembly having gas pistons with unequal gas piston areas |
| US11208172B2 (en) | 2018-10-05 | 2021-12-28 | Specialized Bicycle Components, Inc. | Suspension pivot assemblies having a retention feature |
| US11345432B2 (en) | 2018-10-12 | 2022-05-31 | Specialized Bicycle Components, Inc. | Suspension assembly for a cycle having a fork arm with dual opposing tapers |
| US11273887B2 (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2022-03-15 | Specialized Bicycle Components, Inc. | Cycle suspension with travel indicator |
| DE102019101612A1 (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2020-07-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Tilt-decoupled steering device of a motorcycle |
| US11524744B2 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2022-12-13 | Specialized Bicycle Components, Inc. | Cycle suspension with rotation sensor |
| DE102019130169A1 (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-12 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Front wheel guidance for a single-track motor vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US423471A (en) * | 1890-03-18 | Petehg | ||
| US680048A (en) * | 1900-12-08 | 1901-08-06 | Emil Koch | Bicycle. |
| GB158705A (en) * | 1919-11-11 | 1921-02-11 | Felix William Hudlass | An improved construction of sprink-fork for bicycles, tricycles, motor bicycles, motor scooters and light motor cars |
| US1780034A (en) * | 1929-01-02 | 1930-10-28 | Osborn Frederick John | Frame and steering means for motor cycles and like vehicles |
| DE1742695U (en) * | 1954-12-02 | 1957-04-04 | Hecker Fahrzeug Fabrik | FRONT SUSPENSION FOR MOTORCYCLES, MOPEDS AND BICYCLES. |
| GB778815A (en) * | 1955-01-20 | 1957-07-10 | Walter Von Der Bey | An improved telescopic front wheel fork for cycles and motor-cycles |
| DE1734109U (en) * | 1956-03-01 | 1956-11-15 | Geier Werke G M B H | FORK FOR SINGLE TRACK VEHICLES SUCH AS MOPEDS, MOTORCYCLES, BICYCLES AND THE LIKE. |
| DE2708285A1 (en) * | 1977-02-25 | 1978-08-31 | Robert John Tait | Motorcycle frame with hub centre steering - has pivoted wishbone providing suspension and mounting ball joint for hub pivotal movement |
| DE3513974C1 (en) * | 1985-04-18 | 1986-09-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München | Telescopic fork assembly for the front wheel of motorcycles |
| DE3623567A1 (en) * | 1986-07-12 | 1988-01-21 | Hubert Kuepper | Front-wheel suspension for motorcycles |
| DE3708579C2 (en) * | 1987-03-17 | 1996-01-18 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Front wheel guide for motorcycles |
| US4971344A (en) * | 1989-01-04 | 1990-11-20 | Rockshox, Inc. | Bicycle with a front fork wheel suspension |
| DE4110954A1 (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1992-10-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | WHEEL SUSPENSION FOR A STEERING FRONT WHEEL OF A MOTORCYCLE |
| US5209319A (en) * | 1992-03-17 | 1993-05-11 | Buell Motor Co. | Motorcycle front suspension |
| DE9407208U1 (en) * | 1994-04-30 | 1994-07-14 | Ackeret, Roman, Rheinfelden | Suspension fork of a wheel bearing for two-wheel vehicles |
| DE19506567A1 (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1996-08-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Front suspension for a motorcycle |
-
1993
- 1993-11-09 DE DE9317132U patent/DE9317132U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-06-24 DE DE4422201A patent/DE4422201A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-11-08 JP JP7513587A patent/JPH09509378A/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-11-08 EP EP94931588A patent/EP0728093B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-08 DE DE59405240T patent/DE59405240D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-08 AT AT94931588T patent/ATE162986T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-11-08 WO PCT/EP1994/003674 patent/WO1995013207A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-11-08 CA CA002174657A patent/CA2174657A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-11-08 CN CN94194091A patent/CN1062518C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4422201A1 (en) | 1995-05-11 |
| EP0728093B1 (en) | 1998-02-04 |
| CN1062518C (en) | 2001-02-28 |
| JPH09509378A (en) | 1997-09-22 |
| EP0728093B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
| EP0728093A1 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
| CN1142215A (en) | 1997-02-05 |
| DE59405240D1 (en) | 1998-03-12 |
| WO1995013207A1 (en) | 1995-05-18 |
| DE9317132U1 (en) | 1994-01-20 |
| ATE162986T1 (en) | 1998-02-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |