CA1279694C - Terminal pin seal for a hermetic terminal assembly - Google Patents
Terminal pin seal for a hermetic terminal assemblyInfo
- Publication number
- CA1279694C CA1279694C CA000542400A CA542400A CA1279694C CA 1279694 C CA1279694 C CA 1279694C CA 000542400 A CA000542400 A CA 000542400A CA 542400 A CA542400 A CA 542400A CA 1279694 C CA1279694 C CA 1279694C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- lamination
- assembly
- sealing
- aperture
- metal oxides
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxolanthaniooxy)lanthanum Chemical compound O=[La]O[La]=O KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims 2
- -1 LiO2 Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010964 304L stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/26—Lead-in insulators; Lead-through insulators
- H01B17/30—Sealing
- H01B17/303—Sealing of leads to lead-through insulators
- H01B17/305—Sealing of leads to lead-through insulators by embedding in glass or ceramic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
- H01M50/198—Sealing members characterised by the material characterised by physical properties, e.g. adhesiveness or hardness
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
- H01M50/188—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members the sealing members being arranged between the lid and terminal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
- H01M50/191—Inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
- H01M50/197—Sealing members characterised by the material having a layered structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
- Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A terminal pin seal for an hermetic terminal assembly including at least two laminations one of which has the inner surface adjacent the assembly structure with electrochemical properties resistant to attack from chemical ingredients within the assembly and another of which laminations has the outer surface adjacent to ambient with electrochemical properties different from that lamination facing the assembly housing to produce a greater resistance to chemical attack from ambient.
A terminal pin seal for an hermetic terminal assembly including at least two laminations one of which has the inner surface adjacent the assembly structure with electrochemical properties resistant to attack from chemical ingredients within the assembly and another of which laminations has the outer surface adjacent to ambient with electrochemical properties different from that lamination facing the assembly housing to produce a greater resistance to chemical attack from ambient.
Description
~ 3~i'3~
.
BAC~GROI~ND OY T~E l:NVENTION
The present invention relates to hermetic terminal assem blies and more particularly to an lmproved seal structure between an electrically conductive terminal pin and the wall of the assembly through which the terminal pin extends from within the assembly to ambient.
It is generally well known in the electrical terminal assembly art to utilize layers of differing materials to seal a terminal pin to a housing. For example, U.S. Patent No.
4,308,323, issued to Ben~amin Bowsky teaches first and second glass materials surrounding and extending coaxially relative each other and a terminal pin which extends from within a battery through the battery wall, the first material being bonded to the pin and the second material being bonded to the first material and the wall, the object of the differing coextensive first and second materials being to provide an overall seal which exhibits a greater resistance to attack by chemicals than by an individual or sole material. More recently issued U.S. Patent No. 4,51~,590, issued to James C.
Kyle on April 30, 1985 employs terminal pin sealing layers of different materials, each of which generally extends in planar, sandwich form with the others normal to the longi-tudinal axis of the pin between the pin and the housing, the layers of different materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion to compensate for stresses in the terminal assembly as a result of temperature changes.
The present invention, unlike the prior art, recognizes that different electrochem~cal conditions exist within and outside a hermetically sealed assembly, then solves this recognized problem ln sealing terminal pins in hermetically sealed assemblies ln a unique and novel manner, requiring a minimum of materials and processing steps in both straight-forward and efficient manufacture and as embly steps and, at the same time, assuring a long lasting term$nal pin seal both internally and externally of the hermetic assembly. The structure of the present invention accomplishes thls without sacrifice of chemical integrity and stability of the seal, providing a terminal pin seal structure resistant to recog-nized differing conditions of humidity and corrosion without undesirable bubbles and pockets therein and with controlled seal stre3s conditions, utilizing these controlled stress conditions for a more efficient and effective seal through regulated material viscosity and compression characteristics.
The structure of the present invention lends itself readily for use wlth hermetic terminal assemblies such as lithium batteries Various othe~ features of the present invention will become obvious to one skilled in the art upon reading the disclosure set forth herein. Although not to be considered in any manner as limited thereto, the unique structural fea~ures of the present invention have particular utility in the battery art - especially in batteries of the lithium type.
S~M~ARY 0~ THE INV~NTION
More particularly the present invention provides in an hermetic terminal assembly having a terminal pin extending from within the assembly through an apertured assembly wall to ambient, an improved aperture seal structure between the pin and assembly wall comprising: a first sealing lamination having inner and outer surfaces extending between the terminal pin and the assembly wall with the inner surface adjacent the assembly structure, the first sealing lamination having electrochemical properties to produce a preselected resistance to attack from chemical ingredients within the assembly; and, a second sealing lamination having inner and outer surfaces extending between the terminal pin and the assembly wall with the outer surface adjacent ambient, the second sealing lamination having electrochemical properties different from those of the first sealing lamination to produce a preselected resistance to chemical attack from ambient conditions. In addition, the present invention provides a third lamination which can be interposed between the first and second lamination to form an inhibiting shield to restrict flow of undesirable deteriorating properties between the first and second laminations.
It is to be understood that various changes can be made by one skilled in the art in the several parts of the inven-tive structure disclosed herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. For example, the chemistry of the several laminations as well as the geometry could be changed in accordance with existing conditions both internally and externally of the hermetic assembly.
BR~BP DESCRIPTION OP T~E DRAWING
Referring to the drawing which discloses an advantageous embodiment of the present invention and a modified embodiment thereof:
Figure 1 is a plan view of a unique and novel end closure having an aperture therein and an extended peripheral wall portion integral therewith to surround the aperture, the end closure being disposed in a housing for an hermetic terminal assembly Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken in a plane through line 2-2 of Figure 1 showing the upper portion of the housing and end closure;
Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the end closure of Figures 1 and 2, disclosing the inven-tive seal structure for a terminal pin extending over the aperture of the end closure; and, Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view similar to that of Figure 3, disclosing another form of the inventive seal structure employed with a conventional apertured end closure.
DETAILED DESCRTPTION OE T~E DRAWING
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing, an hermetic terminal assembly housing 2 is shown having mounted therein end closure 3 including a circular main body portion 4 having a rim 6 extending normally from the periphery thereof. Rim 6 of end closure 3 can be sealed to the inner wall of housing 2 by a suitable welding means such as a laser beam (not shown).
Main body portion 4 of end closure 3 includes a centrally disposed circular aperture 7 through which electrically con-ductive terminal pin 8 extends from housing 2 to ambient. The ~ '3~'3~
structural components compr~sing housing 2 and end closure 3, which can be employed ln any one of a number of types of hermetic terminal assemblies, such as those used for lithium type batteries, can be formed from a suitable stalnless steel material, as can electrically conductive terminal pin 8, the chemistxy of the materials used for these components being interdependent with the chemistry of the seal to be employed.
In the embodiment of FigureQ 1-3, the end closure 3 lnclud~ a main body portion q which can be thin and an lntegral peripheral wall portion 10 surround$ng aperture 7 to extend at a preselected angle therefrom for a preselected distance. In the structural embodiment of Figure 2, peripheral wall 10 extends substantially normal to main body portion 4 for a distance substantially equal to rim 6. It is to be understood that other geometric configurations for the several parts disclosed herein can be employed and tha~ the end closure can have other conformations and can bave more than one terminal pin extending therethrough, dependlng upon the n~ture of use of the hermetic terminal assembly.
Referring to Figure 3 of the drawing, the inventive seal 9 is disclosed as extending in aperture 7 between the outer peripheral wall of terminal pin 8 and the apertur~ de~ining wall portion 10 extending from main body portion 4 of end closure 3, but in thls regard, it i8 to be under8tood that a suitable apertured steel eyelet can be employed to be sealed in the aperture 7 of the main body portion 4 lf 80 desired.
~n accordance with one advAntageous embodiment o~ the present invention (Figure 3), seal 9 is composed of two sealing laminations 11 and 13, each having inner and outer surfaces, each extending between the terminal pln 8 ~nd the end closure main body portion 6 in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis 1~7'3~j~34 of terminal pin 8. Sealing laminations 11 and 13 are selected from suitable sealing materials, such as glass, to have different electrochemical properties, the composition of the materials depending upon the chemical compositions of the material used for terminal pin 8 and main body portion 4 of end closure 3 and also with the chemical conditions of the terminal assembly and the ambient surrounding.
It is desirable that lamination 11, which has its inner surface adjacent the assembly structure in housing 2, be formed from material having electrochemical properties capable of producing a preselected resistance to attack from chemical ingredients within the assembly. Equally it is desirable that lamination 13 be formed from material different from the material of lamination 11, so that the outer surface of lamination 13 adjacent ambient has electrochemical properties capable of producing a preselected resistance to attack, such as corrosion, from ambient chemistry. It is further desirable that in selecting the chemistry of seal laminations 11 and 13 that the flow viscosity and coefficient of expansion charac-teristics of each during fusing conditions be similar and that their coefficients of expansion be,compatible with the coefficients of expansion of the materials forming the terminal pins and main body portion of the end closure so that the resulting overall seal formed by the laminations be in compression after the melt forming step involved in sealing the terminal pin to the assembly. It is to be noted that to improve bonding prior to assembly, the surfaces of the pre-selected glass beads used to form laminations 11 and 13 can be appropriately treated with oxides or etched, as can the material to which they are sealed.
It has been found that in a lithium battery assembly, glass materials of different electrochemical properties can be successfully employed with the SiO2 content by weight 1 ~ 7~3~34 for la~ination 11, which has its inner surface adjacent the assembly, being substantially less than the Si02 content in lamination 13, which lamination 13 has its outer surface adjacent ambient. This difference serves to increase the chemical resistance of the exposed surface of each lamination to the particular environment to which it is exposed, lamina-tion 11 to the assembly and lamination 13 to ambient.
Advantageously and more specifically, in a lithium battery assembly, lamination 11 closest to the hermetic terminal assembly electrolyte can be comprised approximately by weight chemically of 10 to 45% SiO2, 10 to 25% B2O3, 3 to 10% A12O3, 2 to 10% La2O3, 10 to 30% light metal oxides of the second group in the periodic chemical table comprising MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO and 5 to 25% light metal oxides of the first group in the periodic chemical table comprising LiO2, Na2O and K2O. Lamination 13 can be comprised approximately by weight of 50 to 65% SiO2, 4 to 12% B2O3, 1 to 5% A1203, 5 to 15%
light metal oxides of the second group in the period~c chemical table comprising CaO, SrO and BaO and 5 to 20% light metal oxides of the first group in the periodic chemical table comprising LiO2, Na2O and X2O. It is to be noted that both the flow viscosity and coefficient of expansion characteris-tics of each of these laminations 11 and 13, having the afore-described chemical compositions, are substantially similar and that these coefficients of expansion are so selected to be compatible with the coefficients of expansion of adjacent metallic materials, such as 446 stainless steel material used for terminal pins and 304L stainless steel used for eyelets and end covers. Thus the bonding of the laminations 11 and 13 is enhanced at fusion and the overall seal 9 is compressed between the terminal pin 8 and main body portion 4 of end closure 3.
1;~'7~
Referring to Figure 4, a further embodiment of the present invention can be seen, wherein there is sandwiched between laminations 11 and 13 of seal 9, an intermediate lamination 14 which lamination can be of a suitable ceramic material serving to inhibit corrosion migration between the two laminations 11 and 13. It is to be understood that the chemistry of this intermediate ceramic lamination 14 is so selected that the coefficient of expansion characteristics are similar to the coefficient of expansion characteristics of laminations 11 and 13 and that this ceramic lamination 14 has porosity characteristics which enhance the bonding of the surrounding laminations 11 and 13 thereto during the heat fusion step in assembly.
As aforenoted, various changes can be made by one skilled in the art in the interdependent chemistry and in the physical geometry of the several parts disclosed herein without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention in order to produce the greater resistance to attack on either or both sides of seal 9.
The invention claimed is:
_g_
.
BAC~GROI~ND OY T~E l:NVENTION
The present invention relates to hermetic terminal assem blies and more particularly to an lmproved seal structure between an electrically conductive terminal pin and the wall of the assembly through which the terminal pin extends from within the assembly to ambient.
It is generally well known in the electrical terminal assembly art to utilize layers of differing materials to seal a terminal pin to a housing. For example, U.S. Patent No.
4,308,323, issued to Ben~amin Bowsky teaches first and second glass materials surrounding and extending coaxially relative each other and a terminal pin which extends from within a battery through the battery wall, the first material being bonded to the pin and the second material being bonded to the first material and the wall, the object of the differing coextensive first and second materials being to provide an overall seal which exhibits a greater resistance to attack by chemicals than by an individual or sole material. More recently issued U.S. Patent No. 4,51~,590, issued to James C.
Kyle on April 30, 1985 employs terminal pin sealing layers of different materials, each of which generally extends in planar, sandwich form with the others normal to the longi-tudinal axis of the pin between the pin and the housing, the layers of different materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion to compensate for stresses in the terminal assembly as a result of temperature changes.
The present invention, unlike the prior art, recognizes that different electrochem~cal conditions exist within and outside a hermetically sealed assembly, then solves this recognized problem ln sealing terminal pins in hermetically sealed assemblies ln a unique and novel manner, requiring a minimum of materials and processing steps in both straight-forward and efficient manufacture and as embly steps and, at the same time, assuring a long lasting term$nal pin seal both internally and externally of the hermetic assembly. The structure of the present invention accomplishes thls without sacrifice of chemical integrity and stability of the seal, providing a terminal pin seal structure resistant to recog-nized differing conditions of humidity and corrosion without undesirable bubbles and pockets therein and with controlled seal stre3s conditions, utilizing these controlled stress conditions for a more efficient and effective seal through regulated material viscosity and compression characteristics.
The structure of the present invention lends itself readily for use wlth hermetic terminal assemblies such as lithium batteries Various othe~ features of the present invention will become obvious to one skilled in the art upon reading the disclosure set forth herein. Although not to be considered in any manner as limited thereto, the unique structural fea~ures of the present invention have particular utility in the battery art - especially in batteries of the lithium type.
S~M~ARY 0~ THE INV~NTION
More particularly the present invention provides in an hermetic terminal assembly having a terminal pin extending from within the assembly through an apertured assembly wall to ambient, an improved aperture seal structure between the pin and assembly wall comprising: a first sealing lamination having inner and outer surfaces extending between the terminal pin and the assembly wall with the inner surface adjacent the assembly structure, the first sealing lamination having electrochemical properties to produce a preselected resistance to attack from chemical ingredients within the assembly; and, a second sealing lamination having inner and outer surfaces extending between the terminal pin and the assembly wall with the outer surface adjacent ambient, the second sealing lamination having electrochemical properties different from those of the first sealing lamination to produce a preselected resistance to chemical attack from ambient conditions. In addition, the present invention provides a third lamination which can be interposed between the first and second lamination to form an inhibiting shield to restrict flow of undesirable deteriorating properties between the first and second laminations.
It is to be understood that various changes can be made by one skilled in the art in the several parts of the inven-tive structure disclosed herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. For example, the chemistry of the several laminations as well as the geometry could be changed in accordance with existing conditions both internally and externally of the hermetic assembly.
BR~BP DESCRIPTION OP T~E DRAWING
Referring to the drawing which discloses an advantageous embodiment of the present invention and a modified embodiment thereof:
Figure 1 is a plan view of a unique and novel end closure having an aperture therein and an extended peripheral wall portion integral therewith to surround the aperture, the end closure being disposed in a housing for an hermetic terminal assembly Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken in a plane through line 2-2 of Figure 1 showing the upper portion of the housing and end closure;
Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the end closure of Figures 1 and 2, disclosing the inven-tive seal structure for a terminal pin extending over the aperture of the end closure; and, Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view similar to that of Figure 3, disclosing another form of the inventive seal structure employed with a conventional apertured end closure.
DETAILED DESCRTPTION OE T~E DRAWING
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing, an hermetic terminal assembly housing 2 is shown having mounted therein end closure 3 including a circular main body portion 4 having a rim 6 extending normally from the periphery thereof. Rim 6 of end closure 3 can be sealed to the inner wall of housing 2 by a suitable welding means such as a laser beam (not shown).
Main body portion 4 of end closure 3 includes a centrally disposed circular aperture 7 through which electrically con-ductive terminal pin 8 extends from housing 2 to ambient. The ~ '3~'3~
structural components compr~sing housing 2 and end closure 3, which can be employed ln any one of a number of types of hermetic terminal assemblies, such as those used for lithium type batteries, can be formed from a suitable stalnless steel material, as can electrically conductive terminal pin 8, the chemistxy of the materials used for these components being interdependent with the chemistry of the seal to be employed.
In the embodiment of FigureQ 1-3, the end closure 3 lnclud~ a main body portion q which can be thin and an lntegral peripheral wall portion 10 surround$ng aperture 7 to extend at a preselected angle therefrom for a preselected distance. In the structural embodiment of Figure 2, peripheral wall 10 extends substantially normal to main body portion 4 for a distance substantially equal to rim 6. It is to be understood that other geometric configurations for the several parts disclosed herein can be employed and tha~ the end closure can have other conformations and can bave more than one terminal pin extending therethrough, dependlng upon the n~ture of use of the hermetic terminal assembly.
Referring to Figure 3 of the drawing, the inventive seal 9 is disclosed as extending in aperture 7 between the outer peripheral wall of terminal pin 8 and the apertur~ de~ining wall portion 10 extending from main body portion 4 of end closure 3, but in thls regard, it i8 to be under8tood that a suitable apertured steel eyelet can be employed to be sealed in the aperture 7 of the main body portion 4 lf 80 desired.
~n accordance with one advAntageous embodiment o~ the present invention (Figure 3), seal 9 is composed of two sealing laminations 11 and 13, each having inner and outer surfaces, each extending between the terminal pln 8 ~nd the end closure main body portion 6 in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis 1~7'3~j~34 of terminal pin 8. Sealing laminations 11 and 13 are selected from suitable sealing materials, such as glass, to have different electrochemical properties, the composition of the materials depending upon the chemical compositions of the material used for terminal pin 8 and main body portion 4 of end closure 3 and also with the chemical conditions of the terminal assembly and the ambient surrounding.
It is desirable that lamination 11, which has its inner surface adjacent the assembly structure in housing 2, be formed from material having electrochemical properties capable of producing a preselected resistance to attack from chemical ingredients within the assembly. Equally it is desirable that lamination 13 be formed from material different from the material of lamination 11, so that the outer surface of lamination 13 adjacent ambient has electrochemical properties capable of producing a preselected resistance to attack, such as corrosion, from ambient chemistry. It is further desirable that in selecting the chemistry of seal laminations 11 and 13 that the flow viscosity and coefficient of expansion charac-teristics of each during fusing conditions be similar and that their coefficients of expansion be,compatible with the coefficients of expansion of the materials forming the terminal pins and main body portion of the end closure so that the resulting overall seal formed by the laminations be in compression after the melt forming step involved in sealing the terminal pin to the assembly. It is to be noted that to improve bonding prior to assembly, the surfaces of the pre-selected glass beads used to form laminations 11 and 13 can be appropriately treated with oxides or etched, as can the material to which they are sealed.
It has been found that in a lithium battery assembly, glass materials of different electrochemical properties can be successfully employed with the SiO2 content by weight 1 ~ 7~3~34 for la~ination 11, which has its inner surface adjacent the assembly, being substantially less than the Si02 content in lamination 13, which lamination 13 has its outer surface adjacent ambient. This difference serves to increase the chemical resistance of the exposed surface of each lamination to the particular environment to which it is exposed, lamina-tion 11 to the assembly and lamination 13 to ambient.
Advantageously and more specifically, in a lithium battery assembly, lamination 11 closest to the hermetic terminal assembly electrolyte can be comprised approximately by weight chemically of 10 to 45% SiO2, 10 to 25% B2O3, 3 to 10% A12O3, 2 to 10% La2O3, 10 to 30% light metal oxides of the second group in the periodic chemical table comprising MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO and 5 to 25% light metal oxides of the first group in the periodic chemical table comprising LiO2, Na2O and K2O. Lamination 13 can be comprised approximately by weight of 50 to 65% SiO2, 4 to 12% B2O3, 1 to 5% A1203, 5 to 15%
light metal oxides of the second group in the period~c chemical table comprising CaO, SrO and BaO and 5 to 20% light metal oxides of the first group in the periodic chemical table comprising LiO2, Na2O and X2O. It is to be noted that both the flow viscosity and coefficient of expansion characteris-tics of each of these laminations 11 and 13, having the afore-described chemical compositions, are substantially similar and that these coefficients of expansion are so selected to be compatible with the coefficients of expansion of adjacent metallic materials, such as 446 stainless steel material used for terminal pins and 304L stainless steel used for eyelets and end covers. Thus the bonding of the laminations 11 and 13 is enhanced at fusion and the overall seal 9 is compressed between the terminal pin 8 and main body portion 4 of end closure 3.
1;~'7~
Referring to Figure 4, a further embodiment of the present invention can be seen, wherein there is sandwiched between laminations 11 and 13 of seal 9, an intermediate lamination 14 which lamination can be of a suitable ceramic material serving to inhibit corrosion migration between the two laminations 11 and 13. It is to be understood that the chemistry of this intermediate ceramic lamination 14 is so selected that the coefficient of expansion characteristics are similar to the coefficient of expansion characteristics of laminations 11 and 13 and that this ceramic lamination 14 has porosity characteristics which enhance the bonding of the surrounding laminations 11 and 13 thereto during the heat fusion step in assembly.
As aforenoted, various changes can be made by one skilled in the art in the interdependent chemistry and in the physical geometry of the several parts disclosed herein without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention in order to produce the greater resistance to attack on either or both sides of seal 9.
The invention claimed is:
_g_
Claims (10)
1. In an hermetic terminal assembly having a terminal pin extending from within the assembly through an apertured assembly wall to ambient, said assembly housing having a corrosive environment, an improved aperture seal structure between said pin and assembly wall comprising:
a first substantially flat aperture sealing lamination having spaced inner and outer planar surfaces extending continuously between the outer peripheral surface of said terminal pin and the periphery of said assembly wall aperture with said inner surface of said first lamination being adjacent and exposed to said corrosive environment of said assembly structure, said first sealing lamination having corrosive resistant properties to produce a preselected resistance to attack from ingredients producing said corrosive environment within the assembly; and, a second flat aperture sealing lamination having spaced inner and outer planar surface extending continuously between the outer peripheral surface of said terminal pin and the periphery of said assembly wall aperture with said outer surface adjacent ambient, said second aperture sealing lamination having corrosion resistant properties different from those of said first aperture sealing lamination to produce a preselected resistance to attack from ambient conditions; said first and said second sealing laminations being of different corrosive resistant properties but with similar viscosities having setting points within approximately 10°C. of each other and coefficients of expansion within approximately 1% of each other which coefficients of expansion are compatible with that of the material to which the sealing laminations are sealingly bonded.
a first substantially flat aperture sealing lamination having spaced inner and outer planar surfaces extending continuously between the outer peripheral surface of said terminal pin and the periphery of said assembly wall aperture with said inner surface of said first lamination being adjacent and exposed to said corrosive environment of said assembly structure, said first sealing lamination having corrosive resistant properties to produce a preselected resistance to attack from ingredients producing said corrosive environment within the assembly; and, a second flat aperture sealing lamination having spaced inner and outer planar surface extending continuously between the outer peripheral surface of said terminal pin and the periphery of said assembly wall aperture with said outer surface adjacent ambient, said second aperture sealing lamination having corrosion resistant properties different from those of said first aperture sealing lamination to produce a preselected resistance to attack from ambient conditions; said first and said second sealing laminations being of different corrosive resistant properties but with similar viscosities having setting points within approximately 10°C. of each other and coefficients of expansion within approximately 1% of each other which coefficients of expansion are compatible with that of the material to which the sealing laminations are sealingly bonded.
2. The seal structure of claim 1, said first and second sealing lamination having adjoining surfaces.
3. The seal structure of claim 1, said assembly wall through which said terminal pin extends comprising an end closure having an aperture therein and an extended peripheral wall portion integral therewith to surround said aperture and extend at a preselected angle to said main body portion for a preselected distance, said first and second sealing laminations extending between said terminal pin and said extended peripheral wall portion.
4. The seal structure of claim 1, said terminal assembly including an end closure and an apertured eyelet through which said terminal pin passes and is sealed.
5. The seal structure of claim 1, said first and said second sealing laiminations being glass of different corrosion resistant properties.
6. The structure of claim 1, said terminal assembly comprising a lithium battery assembly, said first and said second sealing laminations being glass of different corrosion resistant properties with the SiO2 content in said first lamination being substantially less by weight than the SiO2 content in said second lamination to increase the corrosion resistance to lithium battery electrolytes.
7. The structure of claim 1 and an intermediate lamination between said first and second sealing laminations having properties to inhibit corrosion migration between said first and second sealing laminations.
8. The structure of claim 1, said terminal assembly comprising a lithium battery assembly, said first lamination being comprised approximately by weight of 10 to 45% SiO2, 10 to 25% B2O3, 3 to 10% Al2O3, 2 to 10% La2O3, 10 to 30% light metal oxides of the second group in the periodic chemical table and 5 to 25% light metal oxides of the first group in the periodic chemical table;
and, said second lamination being comprised approximately by weight of 50 to 65% SiO2, 4 to 12% B2O3, 1 to 5% Al2O3, 5 to 15%
light metal oxides of the second group in the periodic chemical table and 5 to 25% light metal oxides of the first group of the periodic chemical table.
and, said second lamination being comprised approximately by weight of 50 to 65% SiO2, 4 to 12% B2O3, 1 to 5% Al2O3, 5 to 15%
light metal oxides of the second group in the periodic chemical table and 5 to 25% light metal oxides of the first group of the periodic chemical table.
9. The structure of claim 8, said first lamination light metal oxides of the second group comprising MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO and of the first group comprising LiO2, Na2O and K2O; and, said second lamination light metal oxides of the second group comprising CaO, SrO, and BaO and of the first group comprising LiO2, Na2O and K2O.
10. An improved lithium battery assembly comprising:
a battery housing having lithium electrolytes disposed therein;
an end closure cover for said battery housing said end closure having an aperture disposed therein;
an annular metallic eyelet fuse welded in said end closure aperture;
a metallic terminal pin extending through said eyelet; and, a seal structure extending continuously between the outer peripheral surface of said pin and the inner wall of said annular metallic eyelet including a first flat glass sealing lamination having spaced inner and outer planar surfaces extending continuously between the outer peripheral surface of said pin and said wall of said annular eyelet with said inner surface adjacent said lithium electrolytes in said battery house, said first glass lamination being comprised approximately by weight of 10 to 45%
SiO2, 10 to 25% B2O3, 3 to 20% Al2O3, 2 to 10% LaO3, 10 to 30%
light metal oxides including MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO and 5 to 25%
light metal oxides including LiO2, Na2O and K2O; and, a second flat glass sealing lamination having spaced inner and outer planar surfaces extending continuously between the outer peripheral surface of said pin and said inner wall of said annular eyelet with said inner surface abutting said outer surface of said first lamination and said outer surface exposed to ambient, said second glass lamination being comprised approximately by weight of 50 to 65% SiO2, 4 to 12% B2O3, 1 to 5% Al2O3, 5 to 15% light metal oxides including CaO, SrO and BaO and 5 to 25% light metal oxides of LiO2, Na2O and K2O;
said first and said second glass sealing laminations abuttingly facing each other to be coextensive along the entirety of the abutting faces and having similar viscosities having setting points with approximately 10°C. of each other and coefficients of expansion within approximately 1% of each other, which coefficients of expansion are compatible with that of the metallic material to which the glass laminations are sealingly bonded.
a battery housing having lithium electrolytes disposed therein;
an end closure cover for said battery housing said end closure having an aperture disposed therein;
an annular metallic eyelet fuse welded in said end closure aperture;
a metallic terminal pin extending through said eyelet; and, a seal structure extending continuously between the outer peripheral surface of said pin and the inner wall of said annular metallic eyelet including a first flat glass sealing lamination having spaced inner and outer planar surfaces extending continuously between the outer peripheral surface of said pin and said wall of said annular eyelet with said inner surface adjacent said lithium electrolytes in said battery house, said first glass lamination being comprised approximately by weight of 10 to 45%
SiO2, 10 to 25% B2O3, 3 to 20% Al2O3, 2 to 10% LaO3, 10 to 30%
light metal oxides including MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO and 5 to 25%
light metal oxides including LiO2, Na2O and K2O; and, a second flat glass sealing lamination having spaced inner and outer planar surfaces extending continuously between the outer peripheral surface of said pin and said inner wall of said annular eyelet with said inner surface abutting said outer surface of said first lamination and said outer surface exposed to ambient, said second glass lamination being comprised approximately by weight of 50 to 65% SiO2, 4 to 12% B2O3, 1 to 5% Al2O3, 5 to 15% light metal oxides including CaO, SrO and BaO and 5 to 25% light metal oxides of LiO2, Na2O and K2O;
said first and said second glass sealing laminations abuttingly facing each other to be coextensive along the entirety of the abutting faces and having similar viscosities having setting points with approximately 10°C. of each other and coefficients of expansion within approximately 1% of each other, which coefficients of expansion are compatible with that of the metallic material to which the glass laminations are sealingly bonded.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US91006986A | 1986-09-22 | 1986-09-22 | |
| US910,069 | 1986-09-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1279694C true CA1279694C (en) | 1991-01-29 |
Family
ID=25428266
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000542400A Expired - Lifetime CA1279694C (en) | 1986-09-22 | 1987-07-17 | Terminal pin seal for a hermetic terminal assembly |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0262073B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6388374A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR880004594A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1011004B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE62769T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU600028B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8704834A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1279694C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3769420D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK493287A (en) |
| HK (1) | HK3192A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL83856A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX169101B (en) |
| SG (1) | SG105991G (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220409909A1 (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-12-29 | Pacesetter, Inc. | Implantable medical device with corrosion-resistant feedthrough assembly |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU638020B2 (en) * | 1989-06-15 | 1993-06-17 | Medtronic, Inc. | Improved glass-metal seals |
| US5104755A (en) * | 1989-06-15 | 1992-04-14 | Medtronic, Inc. | Glass-metal seals |
| AU635043B2 (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1993-03-11 | Medtronic, Inc. | Lithium thionyl chloride resistant feedthrough |
| DE3935227C1 (en) * | 1989-10-23 | 1991-04-11 | Schott Glaswerke, 6500 Mainz, De | |
| KR101976339B1 (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2019-05-07 | 쇼오트 아게 | Feedthrough |
| DE102014016600A1 (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-12 | Schott Ag | execution |
| CN112786263B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-05-03 | 清华大学 | High-temperature high-voltage electric penetration assembly with parameter-adjustable insulating medium |
| JP2024165512A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2024-11-28 | プライムプラネットエナジー＆ソリューションズ株式会社 | Lithium-ion battery |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3416964A (en) * | 1966-01-17 | 1968-12-17 | Sonotone Corp | Fusion-sealed metal-enclosed rechargeable battery cells |
| US3639675A (en) * | 1968-10-02 | 1972-02-01 | Hitachi Ltd | Laminated glass stem and method of making same |
| US3876437A (en) * | 1970-05-04 | 1975-04-08 | Hitachi Ltd | High insulating glass |
| JPS5269915A (en) * | 1975-12-10 | 1977-06-10 | Hoya Glass Works Ltd | Glass for lens of eyeglasses |
| US4168351A (en) * | 1978-02-10 | 1979-09-18 | P. R. Mallory & Co., Inc. | Stabilized glass-to-metal seals in lithium cell environments |
| US4315974A (en) * | 1978-05-01 | 1982-02-16 | Medtronic, Inc. | Electrochemical cell with protected electrical feedthrough |
| US4279975A (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1981-07-21 | Emerson Electric Co. | Hermetic seal closure |
| US4308323A (en) * | 1980-11-10 | 1981-12-29 | Emerson Electric Co. | Battery seal |
| US4350747A (en) * | 1981-06-16 | 1982-09-21 | Union Carbide Corporation | Electrochemical cell with externally coated hermetic seals |
-
1987
- 1987-07-17 CA CA000542400A patent/CA1279694C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-01 EP EP87630159A patent/EP0262073B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-01 AT AT87630159T patent/ATE62769T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-09-01 DE DE8787630159T patent/DE3769420D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-10 KR KR870010038A patent/KR880004594A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-09-10 IL IL83856A patent/IL83856A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-09-17 AU AU78676/87A patent/AU600028B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-09-21 BR BR8704834A patent/BR8704834A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-09-21 DK DK493287A patent/DK493287A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-09-22 MX MX008431A patent/MX169101B/en unknown
- 1987-09-22 CN CN87106453A patent/CN1011004B/en not_active Expired
- 1987-09-22 JP JP62238591A patent/JPS6388374A/en active Pending
-
1991
- 1991-12-12 SG SG1059/91A patent/SG105991G/en unknown
-
1992
- 1992-01-09 HK HK31/92A patent/HK3192A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220409909A1 (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-12-29 | Pacesetter, Inc. | Implantable medical device with corrosion-resistant feedthrough assembly |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU7867687A (en) | 1988-03-24 |
| DK493287A (en) | 1988-03-23 |
| EP0262073B1 (en) | 1991-04-17 |
| ATE62769T1 (en) | 1991-05-15 |
| IL83856A (en) | 1991-09-16 |
| HK3192A (en) | 1992-01-17 |
| BR8704834A (en) | 1988-05-17 |
| MX169101B (en) | 1993-06-22 |
| CN87106453A (en) | 1988-04-06 |
| IL83856A0 (en) | 1988-02-29 |
| DE3769420D1 (en) | 1991-05-23 |
| EP0262073A1 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
| DK493287D0 (en) | 1987-09-21 |
| JPS6388374A (en) | 1988-04-19 |
| SG105991G (en) | 1992-02-14 |
| AU600028B2 (en) | 1990-08-02 |
| KR880004594A (en) | 1988-06-07 |
| CN1011004B (en) | 1990-12-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4833049A (en) | Terminal assembly having two sealing layers | |
| US10622596B2 (en) | Feedthrough | |
| US4940858A (en) | Implantable pulse generator feedthrough | |
| EP1464089B1 (en) | Hermetic seals for lithium-ion batteries | |
| CA1279694C (en) | Terminal pin seal for a hermetic terminal assembly | |
| US3676292A (en) | Composites of glass-ceramic-to-metal,seals and method of making same | |
| KR101981811B1 (en) | Feed-through, in particular for batteries and method for integrating said feed-through in a housing by means of ultrasonic welding | |
| US20050255380A1 (en) | Lithium-ion battery seal | |
| US4456786A (en) | Terminal assembly for heart pacemaker | |
| US3972734A (en) | Thermal deferred action battery | |
| CN113871804B (en) | Base body for a feed-through conductor and housing part of a housing, in particular of a battery housing having such a base body | |
| US3624460A (en) | Electrolytic capacitor employing glass-to-metal hermetic seal | |
| US4556613A (en) | Resistant glass in glass-metal seal and cell terminal structure for lithium electrochemical cells | |
| CA2020961A1 (en) | Lithium thionyl chloride resistant feedthrough | |
| CA1143024A (en) | Hermetic electrical feedthrough assembly | |
| EP0158703A1 (en) | Hermetically sealed galvanic cell having safety vent construction | |
| EP0166605A2 (en) | Sodium sulphur cells and their manufacture | |
| DE3023859C2 (en) | ||
| US3522489A (en) | Glass to aluminum seal and hermetically sealed aluminum electrolytic capacitor | |
| US4572877A (en) | Hermetic seal for an electrochemical cell | |
| JPS5780658A (en) | Thin battery | |
| US9708212B2 (en) | Sodium-resistant joining glass and the use thereof | |
| JP2928530B2 (en) | Sodium-sulfur battery | |
| JPS5780657A (en) | Thin battery | |
| JPS62209414A (en) | Liquid crystal display element |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |