CA1186130A - Materiaux rigides et impermeables a base de ceramique de phosphate, et methode de production desdits materiaux - Google Patents
Materiaux rigides et impermeables a base de ceramique de phosphate, et methode de production desdits materiauxInfo
- Publication number
- CA1186130A CA1186130A CA000404306A CA404306A CA1186130A CA 1186130 A CA1186130 A CA 1186130A CA 000404306 A CA000404306 A CA 000404306A CA 404306 A CA404306 A CA 404306A CA 1186130 A CA1186130 A CA 1186130A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- hereof
- metal oxide
- parts
- reaction solution
- process according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 62
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- UOCIZHQMWNPGEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;oxygen(2-);trihydrate Chemical group O.O.O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] UOCIZHQMWNPGEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 20
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 10
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 5
- ONIOAEVPMYCHKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].OC(O)=O ONIOAEVPMYCHKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 5
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 100
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 37
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 35
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 20
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910004762 CaSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 calcium silicate Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910004709 CaSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001872 inorganic gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102200021395 rs3739168 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- RJSZFSOFYVMDIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl n,n-dimethylcarbamate Chemical group CN(C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C RJSZFSOFYVMDIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/34—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
- C04B28/342—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders the phosphate binder being present in the starting composition as a mixture of free acid and one or more reactive oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US27415681A | 1981-06-16 | 1981-06-16 | |
| US274,156 | 1981-06-16 | ||
| US35175382A | 1982-03-02 | 1982-03-02 | |
| US351,753 | 1982-03-02 | ||
| US378,522 | 1982-05-18 | ||
| US06/378,522 US4375516A (en) | 1982-03-02 | 1982-05-18 | Rigid, water-resistant phosphate ceramic materials and process for preparing them |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1186130A true CA1186130A (fr) | 1985-04-30 |
Family
ID=27402634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000404306A Expired CA1186130A (fr) | 1981-06-16 | 1982-06-02 | Materiaux rigides et impermeables a base de ceramique de phosphate, et methode de production desdits materiaux |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU544513B2 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1186130A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3222078A1 (fr) |
| ES (2) | ES513167A0 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2507591B1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2100246B (fr) |
| HK (1) | HK25986A (fr) |
| IT (1) | IT1152973B (fr) |
| NL (1) | NL186236C (fr) |
| SE (1) | SE455194B (fr) |
| SG (1) | SG7686G (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE8205096D0 (sv) * | 1982-09-08 | 1982-09-08 | Antiphon Ab | Sintrad poros keramisk formkropp |
| NL8402158A (nl) * | 1983-07-09 | 1985-02-01 | Sumitomo Cement Co | Poreus keramisch materiaal en werkwijze voor de bereiding daarvan. |
| CA1229294A (fr) * | 1984-03-12 | 1987-11-17 | Jeffery L. Barrall | Composes lamines |
| CA1236491A (fr) * | 1984-10-09 | 1988-05-10 | Alan J. Cisar | Refractaires de faible densite a basede spinelles liees au phosphate |
| US4605570A (en) * | 1985-08-09 | 1986-08-12 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Epoxy-phosphate ceramic compositions and methods of preparation |
| US5614074A (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1997-03-25 | Harris Corporation | Zinc phosphate coating for varistor and method |
| DE69516913T2 (de) * | 1995-11-17 | 2001-01-04 | Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Bruessel/Bruxelles | Anorganische harzzusammensetzungen, deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
| ATE195198T1 (de) * | 1996-05-09 | 2000-08-15 | Littlefuse Inc | Zink-phosphatbeschichtung für varistor und verfahren zur herstellung |
| US6214685B1 (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2001-04-10 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Phosphate coating for varistor and method |
| CN116283321B (zh) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-08-11 | 中南大学 | 一种耐烧蚀包覆锆基磷酸盐材料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2992930A (en) * | 1959-06-23 | 1961-07-18 | Martin Co | Low density refractory oxide |
| US3067045A (en) * | 1960-03-28 | 1962-12-04 | American Pipe & Constr Co | Inorganic coating |
| US3148996A (en) * | 1962-03-26 | 1964-09-15 | Horizons Inc | Foamed ceramic |
| US3300675A (en) * | 1964-04-03 | 1967-01-24 | Deshaw Zoltan | Electric incandescent lamp filament support |
| US3379544A (en) * | 1966-03-07 | 1968-04-23 | Richard O. Burhans | Refractory bonding mortar |
| GB1477133A (en) * | 1974-05-29 | 1977-06-22 | Plibrico Co Ltd | Refractory products |
-
1982
- 1982-06-02 CA CA000404306A patent/CA1186130A/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-06-08 FR FR8209929A patent/FR2507591B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-06-08 AU AU84665/82A patent/AU544513B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-06-11 DE DE19823222078 patent/DE3222078A1/de active Granted
- 1982-06-11 NL NLAANVRAGE8202362,A patent/NL186236C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-06-15 GB GB8217324A patent/GB2100246B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-06-15 IT IT21868/82A patent/IT1152973B/it active
- 1982-06-15 SE SE8203688A patent/SE455194B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-06-16 ES ES513167A patent/ES513167A0/es active Granted
- 1982-06-16 ES ES513168A patent/ES8305288A1/es not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-01-27 SG SG76/86A patent/SG7686G/en unknown
- 1986-04-10 HK HK259/86A patent/HK25986A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2100246B (en) | 1985-10-02 |
| NL186236C (nl) | 1990-10-16 |
| HK25986A (en) | 1986-04-18 |
| DE3222078C2 (fr) | 1989-06-01 |
| FR2507591A1 (fr) | 1982-12-17 |
| FR2507591B1 (fr) | 1985-10-18 |
| ES513168A0 (es) | 1983-04-01 |
| NL8202362A (nl) | 1983-01-17 |
| SE8203688L (sv) | 1982-12-17 |
| AU544513B2 (en) | 1985-05-30 |
| ES8305288A1 (es) | 1983-04-01 |
| SG7686G (en) | 1986-08-01 |
| ES8305287A1 (es) | 1983-04-01 |
| IT8221868A0 (it) | 1982-06-15 |
| ES513167A0 (es) | 1983-04-01 |
| NL186236B (nl) | 1990-05-16 |
| GB2100246A (en) | 1982-12-22 |
| DE3222078A1 (de) | 1983-02-24 |
| SE455194B (sv) | 1988-06-27 |
| AU8466582A (en) | 1982-12-23 |
| IT1152973B (it) | 1987-01-14 |
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