BRPI0506789B1 - PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION AIR SEPARATION - Google Patents
PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION AIR SEPARATION Download PDFInfo
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- BRPI0506789B1 BRPI0506789B1 BRPI0506789-8A BRPI0506789A BRPI0506789B1 BR PI0506789 B1 BRPI0506789 B1 BR PI0506789B1 BR PI0506789 A BRPI0506789 A BR PI0506789A BR PI0506789 B1 BRPI0506789 B1 BR PI0506789B1
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- air
- column
- pressure
- turbines
- turbocharger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
- F25J3/04054—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
- F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
- F25J3/04175—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities at a pressure of substantially more than the highest pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
- F25J3/04387—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using liquid or hydraulic turbine expansion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
- F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/0446—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the heat generated by mixing two different phases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/0446—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the heat generated by mixing two different phases
- F25J3/04466—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the heat generated by mixing two different phases for producing oxygen as a mixing column overhead gas by mixing gaseous air feed and liquid oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/04—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system
- F25J2200/06—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flow-sheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
- F25J2215/52—Oxygen production with multiple purity O2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
- F25J2215/54—Oxygen production with multiple pressure O2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
- F25J2235/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
- F25J2240/04—Multiple expansion turbines in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
- F25J2240/10—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream the fluid being air
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
processo e instalação de separação de ar por destilação criogênica em um processo de separação de ar por destilação criogênica, todo o ar é levado a uma alta pressão mais superior à média pressão e purificado, uma parte da vazão de ar purificado (11) é resfriada na linha de troca (9) e é em seguida dividida em duas frações (13, 15), cada fração se expande em uma turbina (17, 19), a pressão de admissão das duas turbinas sendo superior de pelo menos 500 kpa à média pressão, a pressão de refluxo de pelo menos uma das duas turbinas é sensivelmente igual à média pressão, se envia pelo menos uma parte do ar expandido em pelo menos uma das turbinas à coluna média pressão (100) de uma dupla ou tripa coluna, um turbocompressor frio (23) mecanicamente ligado a uma (19) das turbinas de expansão aspira o ar, que sofreu um resfriamento na linha de troca principal, e reflui o ar a uma temperatura superior à temperatura de admissão, e o fluido assim comprimido é reintroduzido na linha de troca principal, na qual pelo menos uma parte do fluido se condensa, pelo menos um líquido pressurizado (25) proveniente de uma das colunas (200) é vaporizado na linha de troca a uma temperatura de vaporização e a turbina não acopla (17) ao turbocompressor frio é acoplada a um turbocompressor (5) seguido de um refrigerante.process and installation of cryogenic distillation air separation In a cryogenic distillation air separation process, all air is brought to a higher pressure higher than average pressure and purified, a part of the purified air flow (11) is cooled on the exchange line (9) and is then divided into two fractions (13,15), each fraction expands into a turbine (17, 19), the inlet pressure of the two turbines being at least 500 kpa above the average pressure, the reflux pressure of at least one of the two turbines is roughly equal to the average pressure, if at least part of the expanded air in at least one of the turbines is sent to the medium pressure column (100) of a double or gut column, a cold turbocharger (23) mechanically connected to one (19) of the expansion turbines draws in air, which has cooled down on the main exchange line, and reflows air at a temperature above the inlet temperature, and the fluid thus compressed is reintroduced into the main exchange line, in which at least a portion of the fluid condenses, at least one pressurized liquid (25) from one of the columns (200) is vaporized in the exchange line at a vaporization temperature and the turbine is not coupling (17) to the cold turbocharger is coupled to a turbocharger (5) followed by a refrigerant.
Description
(54) Título: PROCESSO E INSTALAÇÃO PARA SEPARAÇÃO DE AR POR DESTILAÇÃO(54) Title: PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR AIR SEPARATION BY DISTILLATION
CRIOGÊNICA (51) Int.CI.: F25J 3/04 (30) Prioridade Unionista: 12/01/2004 FR 0450067 (73) Titular(es): LAIR LIQUIDE SOCIÉTÉ ANONYME À DIRECTOIRE ET CONSEIL DE SURVEILLANCE POUR L'ÉTUDE ET L'EXPLOITATION DES PROCÉDÉS GEORGES CLAUDE (72) Inventor(es): PATRICK LE BOTCRIOGENICA (51) Int.CI .: F25J 3/04 (30) Unionist Priority: 12/01/2004 FR 0450067 (73) Holder (s): LAIR LIQUIDE SOCIÉTÉ ANONYME À DIRECTOIRE ET CONSEIL DE SURVEILLANCE POUR L'ÉTUDE ET L 'EXPLOITATION DES PROCÉDÉS GEORGES CLAUDE (72) Inventor (s): PATRICK LE BOT
1/131/13
PROCESSO E INSTALAÇÃO PARA SEPARAÇÃO DE AR POR DESTILAÇÃO CRIOGÊNICA [001] A presente invenção se refere a um processo e a uma instalação de separação de ar por destilação criogênica.PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR AIR SEPARATION BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION [001] The present invention relates to a process and installation of air separation by cryogenic distillation.
[002] É conhecida a produção de um gás a partir de ar pressurizado por vaporização de líquido pressurizado em uma linha de troca de aparelho de separação de ar por troca de calor com um gás comprimido acima de uma temperatura criogênica. Unidades desse tipo são conhecidos dos pedidos de patente FR-A-2688052, EP-A-0644388, EP-A-1014020 e[002] It is known the production of a gas from pressurized air by vaporization of pressurized liquid in an exchange line of air separation apparatus for heat exchange with a compressed gas above a cryogenic temperature. Units of this type are known from patent applications FR-A-2688052, EP-A-0644388, EP-A-1014020 and
FR0301722.FR0301722.
[003] A eficácia energética das unidades conhecidas não é excelente, pois é preciso evacuar as entradas térmicas ligadas à compressão criogênica.[003] The energy efficiency of the known units is not excellent, as it is necessary to evacuate the thermal inlets connected to cryogenic compression.
[004] Além disso, para os esquemas, tais como aquele da figura 7 de US-A-5475980, a turbina inteira acoplada ao turbocompressor frio é associado a um sistema de absorção de energia (freio de óleo), integrado sobre o eixo das máquinas e tecnologicamente limitado a níveis de baixas potências (da ordem de 70 KW).[004] In addition, for the schemes, such as that of figure 7 of US-A-5475980, the entire turbine coupled to the cold turbocharger is associated with an energy absorption system (oil brake), integrated on the axis of the machines and technologically limited to low power levels (in the order of 70 KW).
[005] Todavia, esse tipo de processo parece ser benéfico economicamente, em particular quando existe pouca utilização de energia ou quando a energia está disponível a baixo custo. Portanto, é potencialmente benéfico poder se livrar do limite tecnológico do freio de óleo integrado ao eixo do conjunto turbina/turbocompressor.[005] However, this type of process appears to be economically beneficial, particularly when there is little use of energy or when energy is available at low cost. Therefore, it is potentially beneficial to be able to get rid of the technological limit of the oil brake integrated into the axis of the turbine / turbocharger assembly.
[006] É um objeto da invenção propor uma alternativa que permita realizar esquemas de processo[006] It is an object of the invention to propose an alternative that allows to realize process schemes
Petição 870170043970, de 26/06/2017, pág. 7/24Petition 870170043970, of 06/26/2017, p. 7/24
2/13 baseados em um turbocompressor frio, sem sistema de dissipação de energia integrado ao eixo da turbina/turbocompressor frio e, portanto, considerar utilizar esse esquema para mais ou menos todos os tamanhos de aparelhos de separação de ar.2/13 based on a cold turbocharger, with no energy dissipation system integrated into the cold turbine / turbocharger shaft, and therefore consider using this scheme for more or less all sizes of air separation devices.
[007] Um objeto da presente invenção é um processo para a separação de ar por destilação criogênica em uma instalação compreendendo uma coluna de separação de ar dupla ou tripla, cuja coluna que opera na pressão mais alta opera a uma pressão chamada pressão média, e uma linha de troca, na qual:[007] An object of the present invention is a process for the separation of air by cryogenic distillation in an installation comprising a double or triple air separation column, whose column operating at the highest pressure operates at a pressure called average pressure, and an exchange line, in which:
a) todo o ar é levado a uma pressão alta, opcionalmente pelo menos 500 kPa acima da pressão média, e purificado, opcionalmente nesta pressão alta;a) all air is brought to a high pressure, optionally at least 500 kPa above the average pressure, and purified, optionally at this high pressure;
b) uma porção da corrente de ar purificado é resfriada na linha de troca e é em seguida dividida em duas frações;b) a portion of the stream of purified air is cooled in the exchange line and is then divided into two fractions;
c) cada fração se expande em uma turbina;c) each fraction expands in a turbine;
d) a(s) pressão(ões) de admissão das duas turbinas é(são) pelo menos 500 kPa acima da pressão média;d) the intake pressure (s) of the two turbines is (are) at least 500 kPa above the average pressure;
e) a pressão de descarga de pelo menos uma das duas turbinas é substancialmente igual à pressão média;e) the discharge pressure of at least one of the two turbines is substantially equal to the average pressure;
f) pelo menos uma porção do ar expandido em pelo menos uma das turbinas é enviado para a coluna de pressão média de uma coluna dupla ou tripla;f) at least a portion of the expanded air in at least one of the turbines is sent to the medium pressure column of a double or triple column;
g) um turbocompressor frio mecanicamente ligado a uma das turbinas de expansão aspira o ar, que sofreu um resfriamento na linha de troca, e descarrega o ar a uma temperatura superior à temperatura de admissão, e o fluido assim comprimido é reintroduzido na linha de troca, na qualg) a cold turbocharger mechanically connected to one of the expansion turbines sucks in air, which has cooled in the exchange line, and discharges the air at a temperature above the inlet temperature, and the compressed fluid is reintroduced into the exchange line. , in which
Petição 870170043970, de 26/06/2017, pág. 8/24Petition 870170043970, of 6/26/2017, p. 8/24
3/13 pelo menos uma parte do fluido sofre (pseudo)condensação;3/13 at least part of the fluid undergoes (pseudo) condensation;
h) pelo menos um líquido pressurizado proveniente de uma das colunas sofre (pseudo)vaporização em uma linha de troca a uma temperatura de vaporização e caracterizado pelo fato de que:h) at least one pressurized liquid from one of the columns undergoes (pseudo) vaporization in an exchange line at a vaporization temperature and is characterized by the fact that:
i) a turbina não acoplada ao turbocompressor frio é acoplada a um turbocompressor seguido de um refrigerador;i) the turbine not coupled to the cold turbocharger is coupled to a turbocharger followed by a cooler;
e eventualmente ii) a temperatura de admissão do turbocompressor frio é próxima da temperatura de (pseudo)vaporização do líquido.and eventually ii) the intake temperature of the cold turbocharger is close to the temperature of (pseudo) vaporization of the liquid.
[008] De acordo com outros aspectos opcionais da invenção:[008] According to other optional aspects of the invention:
a instalação inclui, além da coluna dupla ou tripla, uma coluna de mistura, e o ar proveniente de pelo menos uma das turbinas é enviado à coluna de mistura;the installation includes, in addition to the double or triple column, a mixing column, and the air from at least one of the turbines is sent to the mixing column;
o ar enviado a pelo menos uma das turbinas a montante da coluna de mistura provém do turbocompressor diferente do turbocompressor frio e sai desse turbocompressor a uma pressão superior à pressão alta;the air sent to at least one of the turbines upstream of the mixing column comes from the turbocharger other than the cold turbocharger and leaves that turbocharger at a pressure higher than the high pressure;
o ar proveniente de pelo menos uma das turbinas é enviado para o fundo da coluna de mistura para participar da troca de massa;the air from at least one of the turbines is sent to the bottom of the mixing column to participate in the mass exchange;
o ar à pressão alta é enviado a um refervedor de fundo da coluna de mistura onde se condensa pelo menos parcialmente antes de ser enviado à coluna dupla ou tripla.high pressure air is sent to a bottom column of the mixing column where it condenses at least partially before being sent to the double or triple column.
[009] De acordo com um outro aspecto da invenção, é prevista uma instalação de separação de ar por destilação criogênica, compreendendo:[009] According to another aspect of the invention, an air separation facility by cryogenic distillation is provided, comprising:
a) uma coluna dupla ou tripla de separação de ar, cujaa) a double or triple column of air separation, whose
Petição 870170043970, de 26/06/2017, pág. 9/24Petition 870170043970, of 6/26/2017, p. 9/24
4/13 coluna que opera na pressão mais alta opera a uma pressão chamada de pressão média;4/13 column that operates at the highest pressure operates at a pressure called the average pressure;
b) uma linha de troca;b) an exchange line;
dividir esse ar resfriado em duas frações;divide this cooled air into two fractions;
e) duas turbinas e meios para enviar uma fração de ar para cada turbina;e) two turbines and means for sending a fraction of air to each turbine;
f) meios para enviar pelo menos uma porção do ar expandido em pelo menos uma das turbinas para a coluna de pressão média da coluna dupla ou tripla;f) means for sending at least a portion of the expanded air in at least one of the turbines to the double or triple column medium pressure column;
g) um turbocompressor frio, meios para enviar o ar, de preferência retirado de um ponto intermediário da linha de troca principal, para o turbocompressor frio e meios para enviar o ar supercomprimido frio na linha de troca principal para um ponto intermediário a montante do ponto de remoção;g) a cold turbocharger, means for sending air, preferably taken from an intermediate point of the main exchange line, to the cold turbocharger and means for sending cold super-compressed air in the main exchange line to an intermediate point upstream of the point removal;
h) meios para pressurizar pelo menos um líquido proveniente de uma das colunas, meios para enviar pelo menos um líquido pressurizado na linha de troca e meios para expelir um líquido vaporizado da linha de troca;h) means for pressurizing at least one liquid from one of the columns, means for sending at least one pressurized liquid in the exchange line and means for expelling a vaporized liquid from the exchange line;
i) o turbocompressor frio é acoplado a uma das turbinas, caracterizada pelo fato de que a turbina não acoplada ao turbocompressor frio é acoplada a um meio de dissipação de energia que compreende um turbocompressor seguido de um refrigerador.i) the cold turbocharger is coupled to one of the turbines, characterized by the fact that the turbine not coupled to the cold turbocharger is coupled to an energy dissipation medium that comprises a turbocharger followed by a cooler.
Petição 870170043970, de 26/06/2017, pág. 10/24Petition 870170043970, of 6/26/2017, p. 10/24
5/13 [0010] De acordo com outros aspectos opcionais, a instalação compreende:5/13 [0010] According to other optional aspects, the installation comprises:
uma coluna de mistura e meios para enviar o ar à coluna de mistura, a partir de pelo menos uma das turbinas;a mixing column and means for sending air to the mixing column, from at least one of the turbines;
meios para enviar uma porção do ar comprimido no turbocompressor que constitui um meio de dissipação de energia ou que faz parte deste, para pelo menos uma turbina de expansão a montante da coluna de mistura;means for sending a portion of the compressed air in the turbocharger that constitutes an energy dissipating means or is part of it, to at least one expansion turbine upstream of the mixing column;
meios para enviar o ar proveniente de pelo menos uma das turbinas para a coluna de mistura para participar da troca de massa;means for sending air from at least one of the turbines to the mixing column to participate in the mass exchange;
meios para enviar o ar à pressão alta em um refervedor de fundo da coluna de mistura e meios para enviar o ar pelo menos parcialmente condensado nesse refervedor de fundo para a coluna dupla ou tripla.means for sending the air at high pressure in a bottom column of the mixing column and means for sending the air at least partially condensed in that bottom of the bottom column to the double or triple column.
[0011] Será utilizada uma turbina complementar, que opera em paralelo com a turbina do primeiro conjunto turbina/ turbocompressor, e equipada com seu próprio sistema de dissipação de energia. Favoravelmente, esse sistema será um turbocompressor seguido de um refrigerador de água instalado na parte quente.[0011] A complementary turbine will be used, which operates in parallel with the turbine of the first turbine / turbocharger set, and equipped with its own energy dissipation system. This system will favorably be a turbocharger followed by a water cooler installed in the hot part.
[0012] A expressão “próximos em termos de pressão” significa que as pressões diferem em no máximo 500 kPa, de preferência no máximo 200 kPa. A expressão “próximos em termos de temperatura” significa que as temperaturas diferem em no máximo 15 oC, de preferência no máximo 10 oC.[0012] The expression “close in terms of pressure” means that the pressures differ by a maximum of 500 kPa, preferably a maximum of 200 kPa. The term “close in terms of temperature” means that temperatures differ by a maximum of 15 o C, preferably a maximum of 10 o C.
[0013] Um turbocompressor é um compressor com único estágio.[0013] A turbocharger is a single stage compressor.
[0014] Todas as pressões mencionadas são pressões[0014] All pressures mentioned are pressures
Petição 870170043970, de 26/06/2017, pág. 11/24Petition 870170043970, of 6/26/2017, p. 11/24
6/13 termo condensação6/13 condensation thermo
O termo vaporização inclui inclui absolutas.The term vaporization includes includes absolutes.
[0015] O pseudocondensação. pseudovaporização.[0015] Pseudocondensation. pseudovaporization.
[0016] Essa invenção se distingue da patente US-A-5 475 980 em que, na figura 4 (turbina 9 opcional), as duas turbinas 8, 32 têm pressões de admissão muito diferentes, a diferença sendo de pelo menos 1,4 MPa e, na figura 5, a diferença de pressões é de aproximadamente 1,3 MPa e uma turbina escapa à baixa pressão, o que é prezudicial para a produção de oxigênio puro.[0016] This invention differs from US-A-5 475 980 in which, in figure 4 (turbine 9 optional), the two turbines 8, 32 have very different inlet pressures, the difference being at least 1.4 MPa and, in figure 5, the pressure difference is approximately 1.3 MPa and a turbine escapes at low pressure, which is detrimental to the production of pure oxygen.
[0017] A invenção será descrita em maiores detalhes, referindo-se às figuras, nas quais:[0017] The invention will be described in greater detail, referring to the figures, in which:
[0018] As figuras 1 e 2 representam um aparelho de separação de ar, de acordo com a invenção.[0018] Figures 1 and 2 represent an air separation device, according to the invention.
[0019] Na figura 1, uma corrente de ar à pressão atmosférica é comprimida a aproximadamente 1,5 MPa em um compressor principal (não ilustrado). O ar é em seguida opcionalmente resfriado, antes de ser purificado (não ilustrado) para retirar as impurezas. O ar purificado é dividido em duas porções. Uma porção do ar 3 é enviada a um turbocompressor 5, onde ela é comprimida até uma pressão entre 1,7 e 2,0 MPa e em seguida o ar supercomprimido é resfriado por um refrigerador de água 7, antes de ser enviado à extremidade quente da linha de troca principal 9 do aparelho de separação de ar. O ar supercomprimido 11 se resfria até uma temperatura intermediária, antes de sair da linha de troca e de ser dividido em duas frações. É evidentemente possível que uma fração da corrente 11[0019] In figure 1, an air stream at atmospheric pressure is compressed to approximately 1.5 MPa in a main compressor (not shown). The air is then optionally cooled, before being purified (not shown) to remove impurities. The purified air is divided into two parts. A portion of the air 3 is sent to a turbocharger 5, where it is compressed to a pressure between 1.7 and 2.0 MPa and then the super-compressed air is cooled by a water cooler 7, before being sent to the hot end of the main exchange line 9 of the air separation device. The super-compressed air 11 cools to an intermediate temperature, before leaving the exchange line and being divided into two fractions. It is evidently possible that a fraction of the current 11
Petição 870170043970, de 26/06/2017, pág. 12/24Petition 870170043970, of 6/26/2017, p. 12/24
7/13 prossiga seu resfriamento até à extremidade fria da linha7/13 continue cooling to the cold end of the line
temperatura e pressão de admissão, e a mesma temperatura e pressão de descarga, mas é evidentemente possível que essas temperaturas e pressão sejam próximas uma das outras ao invés de serem idênticas. As duas correntes de saída são misturadas para formar uma corrente 21 de ar da qual uma porção 121 é enviada para a coluna dupla e o resto, uma porção 122 é enviada para a coluna de mistura 300. A corrente 122 constitui uma porção da corrente 21 ou eventualmente uma fração da porção gasosa da corrente 21 no caso de esta ser uma corrente difásica. Evidentemente é possível enviar toda a corrente 21 para a coluna de pressão média 100 e daí tirar uma porção gasosa 122 para envio à coluna de mistura, a coluna de pressão média substituindo, nesse caso, o separador de fases. As pressões da coluna de pressão média e da coluna de mistura podem ser diferentes. Como variante, a turbina 19 pode ser uma turbina de sopro que descarrega na pressão da coluna de pressão baixa.intake temperature and pressure, and the same discharge temperature and pressure, but it is obviously possible that these temperatures and pressure are close to each other instead of being identical. The two outlet streams are mixed to form an air stream 21 of which one portion 121 is sent to the double column and the rest, a portion 122 is sent to the mixing column 300. Stream 122 constitutes a portion of stream 21 or possibly a fraction of the gaseous portion of stream 21 if it is a diphasic stream. Of course, it is possible to send all the current 21 to the medium pressure column 100 and from there take a gaseous portion 122 to be sent to the mixing column, the medium pressure column replacing, in this case, the phase separator. The pressures of the medium pressure column and the mixing column may be different. As a variant, turbine 19 can be a blowing turbine that discharges at the pressure of the low pressure column.
[0020] Uma outra porção 2 do ar a 1,5 MPa que constitui o resto do ar alimentado, é resfriada na linha de troca a uma temperatura intermediária superior à temperatura de admissão das turbinas 17, 19, comprimida em um segundo turbocompressor 23 até 3,0 MPa aproximadamente e reintroduzida na linha de troca 9 a uma temperatura mais alta, a fim de prosseguir seu resfriamento.[0020] Another portion 2 of the air at 1.5 MPa, which constitutes the rest of the fed air, is cooled in the exchange line at an intermediate temperature higher than the intake temperature of the turbines 17, 19, compressed in a second turbocharger 23 until Approximately 3.0 MPa and reintroduced in the exchange line 9 at a higher temperature, in order to continue cooling.
[0021] Assim, o ar 37 a aproximadamente 3,0 MPa se[0021] Thus, air 37 at approximately 3.0 MPa is
Petição 870170043970, de 26/06/2017, pág. 13/24Petition 870170043970, of 06/26/2017, p. 13/24
8/138/13
aquecida na linha de troca 9.heated in exchange line 9.
[0023] O primeiro turbocompressor 5 é acoplado com uma das turbinas 17 ou 19 e o segundo turbocompressor 23 é acoplado com a outra das turbinas 19 ou 17.[0023] The first turbocharger 5 is coupled with one of the turbines 17 or 19 and the second turbocharger 23 is coupled with the other of the turbines 19 or 17.
[0024] O sistema de colunas de um aparelho de separação de ar é formado por uma coluna de pressão média 100 termicamente ligada com uma coluna de pressão baixa 200 com torre, uma coluna de mistura 300 e uma coluna de argônio opcional (não ilustrada). A coluna de pressão baixa não comporta obrigatoriamente torre.[0024] The column system of an air separation device is formed by a medium pressure column 100 thermally connected with a low pressure column 200 with turret, a mixing column 300 and an optional argon column (not shown) . The low pressure column does not necessarily have a tower.
[0025] A coluna de pressão média opera a uma pressão de 550 kPa, mas pode operar a uma pressão mais alta.[0025] The medium pressure column operates at a pressure of 550 kPa, but can operate at a higher pressure.
[0026] O ar 121 proveniente das duas turbinas 17, 19 é a corrente enviada para o fundo da coluna de pressão média 100.[0026] The air 121 from the two turbines 17, 19 is the current sent to the bottom of the medium pressure column 100.
[0027] O ar liqüefeito 37 é expandido na válvula 39 ou opcionalmente, em uma turbina e enviado ao sistema de colunas.[0027] The liquefied air 37 is expanded in valve 39 or optionally in a turbine and sent to the column system.
[0028] O líquido rico 51, líquido pobre inferior 53 e líquido pobre superior 55 são enviados a partir da coluna de pressão média 100 para a coluna de pressão baixa 200, após etapas de expansão em válvulas e de sub-resfriamento.[0028] Rich liquid 51, poor liquid 53 and poor liquid 55 are sent from the medium pressure column 100 to the low pressure column 200, after steps of expansion in valves and sub-cooling.
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9/13 [0029] Oxigênio líquido é pressurizado pela bomba 500 e enviado como líquido pressurizado 25 para a linha de troca 9. Outros líquidos, pressurizados ou não, podem ser vaporizados na linha de troca.9/13 [0029] Liquid oxygen is pressurized by pump 500 and sent as pressurized liquid 25 to the exchange line 9. Other liquids, pressurized or not, can be vaporized in the exchange line.
[0030] Opcionalmente, nitrogênio gasoso é retirado da coluna de pressão média e é resfriado, novamente na linha de troca 9.[0030] Optionally, nitrogen gas is removed from the medium pressure column and is cooled, again in the exchange line 9.
[0031] Nitrogênio 33 é retirado do topo da coluna de pressão baixa e aquecido na linha de troca, após ter servido para sub-resfriar os líquidos de refluxo.[0031] Nitrogen 33 is removed from the top of the low pressure column and heated in the exchange line, after having served to sub-cool the reflux liquids.
[0032] Nitrogênio residual 27 é retirado de um nível inferior da coluna de pressão baixa e aquecido na linha de troca, após ter servido para sub-resfriar os líquidos de refluxo.[0032] Residual nitrogen 27 is removed from a lower level of the low pressure column and heated in the exchange line, after having served to sub-cool the reflux liquids.
[0033] Opcionalmente, a coluna pode produzir argônio, pelo tratamento de uma corrente 51 retirada da coluna de pressão baixa 200. A corrente 52 é o líquido de fundo enviado da coluna argônio, se houver uma.[0033] Optionally, the column can produce argon by treating a current 51 taken from the low pressure column 200. Current 52 is the bottom liquid sent from the argon column, if any.
[0034] A coluna de mistura 300 é alimentada no topo por um líquido 35 rico em oxigênio retirado de um nível intermediário da coluna de pressão baixa 200 pressurizado pela bomba 600 e no fundo com uma corrente 122 de ar gasoso, proveniente das turbinas 17, 19. A coluna de mistura é operada essencialmente em pressão média.[0034] The mixing column 300 is fed at the top by an oxygen-rich liquid 35 taken from an intermediate level of the low pressure column 200 pressurized by the pump 600 and at the bottom with a stream 122 of gaseous air from the turbines 17, 19. The mixing column is operated essentially at medium pressure.
[0035] Uma corrente de oxigênio gasoso 37 é retirada do topo da coluna de mistura e em seguida aquecido na linha de troca 9, e uma corrente líquida 41 é retirada como produto de fundo e enviado à coluna de pressão baixa, após expansão em uma válvula. É possível retirar uma vazão[0035] A stream of gaseous oxygen 37 is removed from the top of the mixing column and then heated in the exchange line 9, and a liquid stream 41 is removed as a bottom product and sent to the low pressure column, after expansion in a valve. It is possible to remove a flow
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10/13 intermediária da coluna 300 que é enviada para a coluna de pressão baixa.10/13 intermediate column 300 that is sent to the low pressure column.
[0036] Na figura 2, uma corrente de ar à pressão atmosférica é comprimida aproximadamente a 1,5 MPa em um compressor principal (não ilustrado). O ar é em seguida opcionalmente resfriado, antes de ser purificado para retirar as impurezas (não ilustrado). O ar purificado é dividido em duas porções. Uma porção do ar 3 é enviada a um turbocompressor 5 onde ela é comprimida até uma pressão de entre 1,7 e 2,0 MPa, e em seguida o ar supercomprimido é resfriado por um refrigerador de água 7, antes de ser enviado à extremidade quente da linha de troca principal 9 da unidade de separação de ar. O ar supercomprimido 11 se resfria até uma temperatura intermediária, antes de ser dividido em duas frações 103, 123. A fração 103 sai da linha de troca e é dividida de novo em duas frações. Uma fração 13 é enviada para uma turbina 17 e o resto, uma fração 15, é enviada para uma turbina 19. As duas turbinas têm a mesma temperatura e pressão de admissão e a mesma temperatura e pressão de descarga, mas é evidentemente possível que essas temperaturas e pressão sejam próximas uma das outras, ao invés de serem idênticas. As duas correntes turbinadas são misturadas para formar uma corrente 21 de ar da qual uma porção 121 é enviada para a coluna dupla e o resto, uma porção 122 é enviada para a coluna de mistura 300. Como variante, a turbina 19 pode ser uma turbina de sopro que descarrega na pressão da coluna de pressão baixa.[0036] In figure 2, an air stream at atmospheric pressure is compressed to approximately 1.5 MPa in a main compressor (not shown). The air is then optionally cooled, before being purified to remove impurities (not shown). The purified air is divided into two parts. A portion of the air 3 is sent to a turbocharger 5 where it is compressed to a pressure of between 1.7 and 2.0 MPa, and then the super-compressed air is cooled by a water cooler 7, before being sent to the end of the main exchange line 9 of the air separation unit. The super-compressed air 11 cools to an intermediate temperature, before being divided into two fractions 103, 123. Fraction 103 leaves the exchange line and is divided again into two fractions. A fraction 13 is sent to a turbine 17 and the rest, a fraction 15, is sent to a turbine 19. The two turbines have the same temperature and inlet pressure and the same temperature and discharge pressure, but it is obviously possible that these temperatures and pressure are close to each other, rather than being identical. The two turbine streams are mixed to form an air stream 21 of which one portion 121 is sent to the double column and the rest, a portion 122 is sent to the mixing column 300. As a variant, turbine 19 can be a turbine blowing device that discharges at the low pressure column pressure.
[0037] A fração 123 continua a ser resfriada na[0037] Fraction 123 continues to be cooled in
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11/13 linha de troca 9 e sai da mesma a montante da extremidade fria para ser enviada ao refervedor de fundo 301 da coluna de mistura 300 onde a fração se condensa pelo menos parcialmente para formar a corrente 125.11/13 exchange line 9 and exits it upstream of the cold end to be sent to bottom bottom 301 of the mixing column 300 where the fraction condenses at least partially to form the current 125.
[0038] Uma outra porção 2 do ar a 1,5 MPa, constituindo o resto do ar, é resfriada na linha de troca a uma temperatura intermediária superior à temperatura de admissão das turbinas 17, 19, comprimida em um segundo turbocompressor 23 até 3,0 MPa aproximadamente e reintroduzida na linha de troca 9 a uma temperatura mais alta, a fim de prosseguir seu resfriamento.[0038] Another portion 2 of the air at 1.5 MPa, constituting the rest of the air, is cooled in the exchange line at an intermediate temperature higher than the intake temperature of the turbines 17, 19, compressed in a second turbocharger 23 to 3 , 0 MPa approximately and reintroduced in the exchange line 9 at a higher temperature, in order to continue cooling.
[0039] Assim, o ar 37 a aproximadamente 3,0 MPa se liqüefaz na linha de troca e oxigênio líquido 25 se vaporiza na linha de troca, a temperatura de vaporização do líquido estando próxima da temperatura de admissão do segundo turbocompressor 23. O ar liqüefeito sai da linha de troca e é enviado para o sistema de colunas, após ser misturado com o ar liqüefeito 125 proveniente do refervedor[0039] Thus, air 37 at approximately 3.0 MPa liquefies in the exchange line and liquid oxygen 25 vaporizes in the exchange line, the vaporization temperature of the liquid being close to the intake temperature of the second turbocharger 23. The air liquefied liquid leaves the exchange line and is sent to the column system, after being mixed with liquefied air 125 from the refiner
301.301.
[0040] Uma corrente de nitrogênio residual 27 é aquecida na linha de troca 9.[0040] A residual nitrogen stream 27 is heated in the exchange line 9.
[0041] O primeiro turbocompressor 5 é acoplado com uma das turbinas 17 ou 19 e o segundo turbocompressor 23 é acoplado com a outra das turbinas 19 ou 17.[0041] The first turbocharger 5 is coupled with one of the turbines 17 or 19 and the second turbocharger 23 is coupled with the other of the turbines 19 or 17.
[0042] O sistema de colunas de uma unidade de separação de ar é constituído por uma coluna de pressão média 100 termicamente ligada com uma coluna de pressão baixa 200 com torre, uma coluna de mistura 300 e uma coluna de argônio opcional (não ilustrada). A coluna baixa pressão[0042] The column system of an air separation unit consists of a medium pressure column 100 thermally connected with a low pressure column 200 with turret, a mixing column 300 and an optional argon column (not shown) . The low pressure column
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12/1312/13
turbinas 17, 19 é a corrente enviada para o fundo da coluna de pressão média 100.turbines 17, 19 is the current sent to the bottom of the medium pressure column 100.
[0045] O ar liqüefeito 37 é expandido na válvula 39 e enviado pelo menos para a coluna de pressão média 100.[0045] The liquefied air 37 is expanded in valve 39 and sent at least to the medium pressure column 100.
[0046] O líquido rico 51, líquido pobre inferior 53 e líquido pobre superior 55 são enviados a partir da coluna média pressão 100 para a coluna de pressão baixa 200, após as etapas de expansão em válvulas e de sub-resfriamento.[0046] Rich liquid 51, poor liquid 53 and poor liquid 55 are sent from the medium pressure column 100 to the low pressure column 200, after the valve expansion and sub-cooling steps.
[0047] Oxigênio líquido é pressurizado pela bomba 500 e enviado como líquido pressurizado 25 para a linha de troca 9. Em adição ou alternativamente, outros líquidos, pressurizados ou não, podem ser vaporizados na linha de troca.[0047] Liquid oxygen is pressurized by pump 500 and sent as pressurized liquid 25 to the exchange line 9. In addition or alternatively, other liquids, pressurized or not, can be vaporized in the exchange line.
[0048] Nitrogênio gasoso é opcionalmente retirado da coluna de pressão média e é resfriado, novamente na linha de troca 9.[0048] Nitrogen gas is optionally removed from the medium pressure column and is cooled, again in the exchange line 9.
[0049] Nitrogênio 33 é retirado do topo da coluna de pressão baixa e é aquecido na linha de troca, após ter servido para sua sub-resfriar os líquidos de refluxo.[0049] Nitrogen 33 is removed from the top of the low pressure column and is heated in the exchange line, after having served to sub-cool the reflux liquids.
[0050] Nitrogênio residual 27 é retirado de um nível inferior da coluna de pressão baixa e é aquecido na linha de troca, após ter servido para sub-resfriar os líquidos de refluxo.[0050] Residual nitrogen 27 is removed from a lower level of the low pressure column and is heated in the exchange line, after having served to sub-cool the reflux liquids.
[0051] Opcionalmente, a coluna pode produzir[0051] Optionally, the column can produce
Petição 870170043970, de 26/06/2017, pág. 18/24Petition 870170043970, of 06/26/2017, p. 18/24
13/13 argônio, pelo tratamento de uma corrente 51 retirada para a coluna de pressão baixa 200.13/13 argon, by treating a current 51 withdrawn to the low pressure column 200.
[0052] A coluna de mistura 300 é alimentada unicamente no topo por um líquido rico em oxigênio 35 retirado de um nível intermediário da coluna de pressão baixa 200 e pressurizado na bomba 600. A coluna de mistura é operada essencialmente em pressão média. Modificando-se a pressão da corrente 123, a coluna de mistura 300 pode operar a uma pressão diferente da pressão média. Opcionalmente, uma parte do líquido rico 51 pode ser enviado para o fundo da coluna 300.[0052] The mixing column 300 is fed only at the top by an oxygen-rich liquid 35 taken from an intermediate level of the low pressure column 200 and pressurized at the pump 600. The mixing column is operated essentially at medium pressure. By changing the pressure of the stream 123, the mixing column 300 can operate at a pressure different from the average pressure. Optionally, a portion of the rich liquid 51 can be sent to the bottom of the column 300.
[0053] Uma vazão de oxigênio gasoso 37 é retirado do topo da coluna de mistura e é aquecida na linha de troca 9, e uma corrente líquida 41 é retirada como produto de fundo e enviado à coluna de pressão baixa, após expansão em uma válvula.[0053] A flow of gaseous oxygen 37 is removed from the top of the mixing column and is heated in the exchange line 9, and a liquid stream 41 is removed as a bottom product and sent to the low pressure column, after expansion in a valve .
Petição 870170043970, de 26/06/2017, pág. 19/24Petition 870170043970, of 6/26/2017, p. 19/24
1/41/4
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0450067A FR2865024B3 (en) | 2004-01-12 | 2004-01-12 | METHOD AND INSTALLATION OF AIR SEPARATION BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION |
FR0450067 | 2004-01-12 | ||
PCT/FR2005/050011 WO2005073651A1 (en) | 2004-01-12 | 2005-01-07 | Cryogenic distillation method and installation for air separation |
Publications (2)
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BRPI0506789A BRPI0506789A (en) | 2007-05-22 |
BRPI0506789B1 true BRPI0506789B1 (en) | 2018-02-06 |
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BRPI0506789-8A BRPI0506789B1 (en) | 2004-01-12 | 2005-01-07 | PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION AIR SEPARATION |
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US (1) | US20080223076A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1711765B8 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007518054A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100432601C (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0506789B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2425944T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2865024B3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL1711765T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2360194C2 (en) |
UA (1) | UA89365C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005073651A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2895068B1 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2014-01-31 | Air Liquide | AIR SEPARATION METHOD BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION |
FR2913759B1 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2013-08-16 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING GAS AIR FROM THE AIR IN A GAS FORM AND LIQUID WITH HIGH FLEXIBILITY BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION |
DE102012017484A1 (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-06 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Process and plant for the production of liquid and gaseous oxygen products by cryogenic separation of air |
RU2641766C2 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2018-01-22 | Линде Акциенгезелльшафт | Method of low-temperature separation of air in plant for air separation and plant for air separation |
IT201700042150A1 (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-10-14 | Cristiano Galbiati | SEPARATION EQUIPMENT |
EP3438584B1 (en) | 2017-08-03 | 2020-03-11 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method and device for air separation by cryogenic distilling |
US20200355429A1 (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2020-11-12 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Cryogenic distillation method and apparatus for producing pressurized air by means of expander booster in linkage with nitrogen expander for braking |
CN113195991B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2023-05-02 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | Method for starting up a cryogenic air separation unit and associated air separation unit |
FR3090831B1 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2022-06-03 | L´Air Liquide Sa Pour L’Etude Et L’Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Cryogenic distillation air separation apparatus and method |
EP4004468B1 (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2024-07-17 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and apparatus for the separation of air by cryogenic distillation |
EP4185824A4 (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2024-04-17 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Argon enhancing method and device |
CN116123820A (en) * | 2023-01-28 | 2023-05-16 | 中科富海(杭州)气体工程科技有限公司 | Air separation device |
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SU711322A1 (en) * | 1976-05-10 | 1980-01-25 | Московский Институт Химического Машиностроения | Air-separation plant |
DE3216510A1 (en) * | 1982-05-03 | 1983-11-03 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Process for recovery of gaseous oxygen under elevated pressure |
GB9008752D0 (en) * | 1990-04-18 | 1990-06-13 | Boc Group Plc | Air separation |
JP2909678B2 (en) * | 1991-03-11 | 1999-06-23 | レール・リキード・ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | Method and apparatus for producing gaseous oxygen under pressure |
US5379598A (en) * | 1993-08-23 | 1995-01-10 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification process and apparatus for vaporizing a pumped liquid product |
US5475980A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1995-12-19 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and installation for production of high pressure gaseous fluid |
FR2721383B1 (en) * | 1994-06-20 | 1996-07-19 | Maurice Grenier | Process and installation for producing gaseous oxygen under pressure. |
US5454227A (en) * | 1994-08-17 | 1995-10-03 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Air separation method and apparatus |
US5490391A (en) * | 1994-08-25 | 1996-02-13 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Method and apparatus for producing oxygen |
FR2731781B1 (en) * | 1995-03-15 | 1997-05-23 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VAPORIZING LIQUID FLOW |
GB9515907D0 (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1995-10-04 | Boc Group Plc | Air separation |
FR2744795B1 (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1998-06-05 | Grenier Maurice | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH-PRESSURE GASEOUS OXYGEN |
RU2137993C1 (en) * | 1997-05-07 | 1999-09-20 | Зао "Лентехгаз" | Method of separation of air |
JP3737611B2 (en) * | 1997-08-08 | 2006-01-18 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | Method and apparatus for producing low purity oxygen |
FR2787560B1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2001-02-09 | Air Liquide | PROCESS FOR CRYOGENIC SEPARATION OF AIR GASES |
DE19951521A1 (en) * | 1999-10-26 | 2001-05-03 | Linde Ag | Recovering pressurized product by low temperature decomposition of air in rectification system comprises cold compressing heat carrier stream before introducing into mixing column |
FR2851330B1 (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2006-01-06 | Air Liquide | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A GASEOUS AND HIGH PRESSURE PRODUCTION OF AT LEAST ONE FLUID SELECTED AMONG OXYGEN, ARGON AND NITROGEN BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION OF AIR |
FR2854682B1 (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2005-06-17 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND INSTALLATION OF AIR SEPARATION BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION |
FR2854683B1 (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2006-09-29 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR PRODUCING PRESSURIZED AIR GASES BY AIR CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION |
-
2004
- 2004-01-12 FR FR0450067A patent/FR2865024B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-01-07 US US10/585,834 patent/US20080223076A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-01-07 WO PCT/FR2005/050011 patent/WO2005073651A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-01-07 RU RU2006129296/06A patent/RU2360194C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-01-07 ES ES05717658T patent/ES2425944T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-01-07 CN CNB200580002063XA patent/CN100432601C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-01-07 PL PL05717658T patent/PL1711765T3/en unknown
- 2005-01-07 EP EP05717658.8A patent/EP1711765B8/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-01-07 JP JP2006548362A patent/JP2007518054A/en active Pending
- 2005-01-07 BR BRPI0506789-8A patent/BRPI0506789B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-07-01 UA UAA200607616A patent/UA89365C2/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN100432601C (en) | 2008-11-12 |
WO2005073651A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
EP1711765A1 (en) | 2006-10-18 |
FR2865024A1 (en) | 2005-07-15 |
BRPI0506789A (en) | 2007-05-22 |
UA89365C2 (en) | 2010-01-25 |
PL1711765T3 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
CN1910419A (en) | 2007-02-07 |
FR2865024B3 (en) | 2006-05-05 |
RU2360194C2 (en) | 2009-06-27 |
EP1711765B8 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
RU2006129296A (en) | 2008-02-20 |
EP1711765B1 (en) | 2013-06-19 |
ES2425944T3 (en) | 2013-10-18 |
US20080223076A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
JP2007518054A (en) | 2007-07-05 |
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