BE1029637A1 - Electrical installation - Google Patents

Abstract

Electrical installation, containing one or more circuits (4) that are supplied with power from the electricity grid (3) to which solar panels (9) are connected, wherein the installation (1) is provided with a control signal (12) that indicates whether the solar panels ( 9) supply current or not, characterized in that at least one circuit (4) is provided with a circuit breaker (13, 14) with an open and a closed position controlled by this control signal (12), the circuit breaker being a day circuit breaker (13 ) or is or contains a night machine (14), wherein: - the day machine (13) is open when the control signal (12) indicates that the solar panels (9) supply power and is closed when the solar panels do not supply power; - the night machine (14) is open when the control signal (12) indicates that the solar panels (9) do not supply power and is closed when the solar panels (9) do supply power.

Description

Electrical installation,

The present invention relates to an electrical installation,

More specifically, but not limited to, the invention is intended for domestic electrical installations connected to a public electricity grid, typically mono-phase 220 Volt or three-phase 480 Volt, and provided with solar panels that are connected to the grid via an inverter. which, in the event of an overproduction of the solar panels, can inject the surplus electricity into the grid. A simple electrical installation in a house consists of a fuse box in addition to an electricity meter, from which circuits originate.

The electricity enters the electricity meter from the public grid on the street and from there it flows in the fuse box to the general purpose 300mA residual current circuit breaker (or surge protector or differential} in that fuse box, the current typically then flows to: — circuit fuses 104 for the lighting of the house; - fuses 15-20A of power circuits for sockets or appliances: - a sensitive 30mA residual current circuit breaker with attached:

# Fuses LOA of power circuits FOR the lighting of damp rooms; # Fuses of circuits 15-20A for sockets and appliances in damp rooms; = a fuse for the inverter to the solar panels

An electrical installation with three phases is more complicated than with a single phase, but this distinction is not relevant here.

In the past, all electricity meters were mechanical with rotating Lellers. These reverse if the consumer injects energy into the grid instead of using it. This is the case when solar panels generate more energy than the owner consumes.

These mechanical meters are systematically replaced by digital meters over a certain period of time.

In Belgium, for example, all households and SMEs must have a digital meter by 1 July 2029.

The installation of digital meters costs money, but they allow smarter use of natural gas and electricity, such as less energy consumption or consumption when electricity is cheap and thus save on energy bills.

The digital meter can also send quality and consumption data to apps, smart applications or smart home appliances. They provide more comfort and convenience

_ BE2021/5607 3 can reduce natural gas or electricity consumption.

This forwarding of data takes place via the user port of the digital meter, which automatically forwards the meter scans to the network operator, so that no meter reader passes by.

The digital meter provides much more insight into energy consumption and offers many more options to control that consumption yourself.

Dynamic electricity contracts are coming soon. This type of purchase contract presupposes that the consumer is actively engaged in electricity consumption and that this is geared to the hourly rates or at least has a consumption profile that deviates from the classic consumption behaviour, for example high consumption during the night and low consumption during the day compared to the classic situation with a low consumption at night and high consumption during the day.

A family or a company that consumes a lot at times with high hourly rates will receive a higher energy bill with this type of contract. Applications connected to the user port of the digital meter make it possible in the future to automatically control consumption based on the variable energy price. For example, the consumer can let the electricity consumption of appliances and applications - easily and without loss of comfort - coincide as much as possible with the hours with low energy rates, for example charging an electric vehicle or heat pump or washing machine, or the like.

. BE2021/5607 à

In this way, the consumer can reduce the energy cost on his bill,

The digital meters have user ports > to which applications can be linked that provide a better overview of daily use. They also offer options for smartly controlling electronic T-devices. In this way, the end customer can: save both energy and costs, 19

The intention is to use the electricity from solar panels as much as possible immediately. This is called car consumption. For example, a smart heat pump connected to the digital meter can heat or cool the home when the solar panels generate sufficient electricity.

As a consumer, today or in the near future, a challenge is to monitor consumption according to the variable electricity price. The consumer can do this himself, so actively by switching appliances on or off depending on the information he receives from his digital meter about the electricity price and about the electricity whether or not generated by his solar panels.

This challenge is increasingly getting a solution. Companies are gradually developing devices and apps to support consumers in monitoring their electricity or gas consumption, 32

Another challenge is the development of so-called smart devices that communicate with the smart meter and therefore start up when advantageous or desirable. No intervention from the consumer is required. 5 A problem, however, is that such devices and apps hardly exist anymore as they are still under development.

Another problem is that existing classic devices fall by the wayside as they are not equipped for this and that, as a result, these techniques and devices can only be used when replacing the classic devices, which entails considerable costs that will only be after some

Years will be earned back thanks to the acquired energy savings.

The present invention aims to provide a solution to the aforementioned and other problems,

To this end, the invention relates to an installation in which self-consumption can be ensured without smart Loestellen, but through a smart control of the power supply to the power circuits/indoor power supply,

Smart control means that power is only available in a power circuit when the solar panels provide power or alternatively only make power available in a circuit when the solar panels do not provide power, for example at night or when it is cloudy.

Siimme control can also say that in a

N BE2021/5607 6 circuit only power is available when the smart meter indicates that mains power is cheap. This version therefore does not need solar panels or an inverter or any other device that indicates sunshine.

Such an electrical installation according to the invention comprises one or more circuits which can be supplied with power via a meter from the electricity network to which one or more solar panels are connected via an inverter 310, each circuit being protected by a fuse and the installation being fitted with a control signal that indicates whether the solar panels supply power or not, with the feature that at least one circuit is provided with an automatic device with an open and a closed position that is controlled by the aforementioned control signal, the automatic device being a day automatic device or a night automatic device, whereby : “the day machine is open when the control signal indicates that the solar panels are supplying power and is closed when the solar panels are not supplying power, in order to only allow power to pass through from the grid to the relevant circuit when the solar panels are supplying power; - the night machine is open when the control signal indicates that the solar panels are not supplying power and is closed when the solar panels are supplying power, so that power only passes from the grid to the relevant circuit when the solar panels are not supplying power,

Thus, thanks to the day machine, classic appliances can only be supplied with power as the solar panels

_ BE2021/5607 supply free power without user intervention.

In an analogous way, it can also be useful to supply certain appliances with power only when the solar panels are not supplying power, for example for the power supply of power consumers that only have to work at night, for example night lighting, when the solar panels are not active and these consumers are best switched off during the day to avoid unnecessary power consumption,

Classic devices should therefore not necessarily be replaced by smart devices. For example, the purchase can be postponed until the classic appliance in question needs to be replaced due to a defect or other reasons,

The invention offers the possibility of saving on energy costs with a limited and quickly recovered investment.

Such a circuit breaker can be realized with existing electrical components that are easy to find, such as a relay, a transistor, a FET, a thyristor, or a solid state relay or triac.

Preferably, at least one circuit of the electrical installation is provided with both a day machine and a night machine connected in parallel and a selector switch with an output for the power supply of the relevant circuit and with at least two inputs or a day input to which the day machine is connected. and a night input to which the night machine is connected, the selector switch being a multi-position switch with at least two positions, respectively a day position where only the day input is connected to the output and a night position where only the night input is connected to the output.

This combination with a switch allows the user to choose between a day mode in which current is only passed through when the solar panels provide power and a night mode in which current is only passed through when the solar panels do not provide power, as desired.

The day machine and the night machine can be integrated into a single combined machine controlled by the control signal, where the combined machine has an input and two outputs, respectively a day output and a night output, only passing current to the day output when the solar panels are turned off. supply power and only pass power to the night output when the solar panels are not supplying power,

Such a combined circuit breaker is more compact and only needs one connection for the control signal.

The selector switch can be additionally equipped with an extra mains input and an additional mains position in which current is always passed from the mains input to the output, regardless of whether the solar panels supply power or not.

The selector switch can also be equipped with an extra off position where no current is passed through.

The control signal can be tapped from the inverter or from a smart meter that is equipped with such a control signal as standard.

If the circuit breakers and the selector switch are located in the house at a distance from the meter and from the converter from which the control signal is taken, then the existing electrical circuits of the installation can be used to transmit the control signal by using a set of two so-called “powerline adapters”, respectively a first adapter that is

LAN port is connected to the control signal from the inverter or from a smart meter and a second adapter that is connected to a vending machine with its LAN port.

According to a particular aspect of the invention, the circuit breakers and the selector switch can be integrated together with the second "power line adapter" into one device with one input and no output for the strcom and no operating requirement for the selector switch, for example in the form of a type of multi-plug socket with a plug for plugging into a socket near the consumer to be supplied with power and a socket: for connecting the electrical consumer,

The invention also relates to such an integrated device in an electrical installation as described above. & With the aim of better demonstrating the features of the invention, some preferred embodiments of an electrical installation according to the invention are described below by way of example without any limiting character, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: figure 1 schematically shows an electrical installation according to the invention in a situation in which the solar panels supply power; figure Z shows the installation of figure 1 but in a situation where the solar panels can supply electricity; figures 3A and 35 show an installation Lonen with an arrowing selector switch and this with the xselector switch in two different positions; the figures with up to 7 possible variants

Embodiments show various electrical installations according to the invention.

The domestic electrical installation 1 shown in figure 1 contains, as is traditional, a meter 2a with which the installation is connected to the public electricity network 3 for the power supply.

The installation 1 further comprises a number of electrical circuits 2, each of which is protected against overload by means of a fuse 5.

Li

In the case of Figure 1, two power circuits 4 are shown, respectively a circuit da connected to a 16 amp fuse Sa and a circuit 4b connected to a 20 amp fuse 56, such circuit 4 is usually provided for the power supply of several appliances or consumers 6, such as a group of sockets or light points, but can also be limited to a single consumer 6 such as an oven or the like,

In the case of a mono-phase circuit, the circuits are classically constructed with three current conductors, namely a neutral conductor, a phase conductor and an earth conductor.

Only the current conductors 7 are shown in the figures and for simplicity the neutral conductors and the earthing conductors have been omitted. in the case of three phases, in addition to the neutral conductor and the earthing conductors, three live wires are provided, but this is of no importance for the principle of the invention,

The entire installation 1 is traditionally also protected by a residual current circuit breaker 8.

The invention relates to an installation 1 with one or more solar panels 9 which are connected to the grid 3 via an inverter 10 and the meter 2,

The meter Z may be a digital meter 2b as shown only in Figure 2, but may also be a reverse analog meter 2a as shown in the other figures.

The inverter 10 and the digital meter 2b are provided with a gate il from which a control signal 12 is taken, which indicates whether the solar panels supply power or not.

According to the invention, the circuit da is provided with a day circuit breaker 13 with a cpen and a closed position which is controlled by the above-mentioned control signal 12, wherein the day circuit 13 is open when the control signal 12 indicates that the solar panels 9 supply power and is closed when the solar panels do not supply any current so as to allow allicen current from the grid 3 to the relevant circuit 1a when the solar panels 3 supply current,

The day machine 13 is shown here as a relay, but can be designed as any other controlled switch.

Figure 1 shows a situation in which the solar panels 92 supply power during the day and as a result the machine is closed so that the current circuit 4a then passes the current from the mains. In case the solar panels do not supply power, for example at night, the machine will 13 are controlled open by the control signal 12 and will then let a current from the mains 3 dcor,

In an analogous manner, the circuit 4b is provided with a night switch 14 in the form of a relay or the like, which is open when the control signal 12 indicates that the solar panels do not supply any current and is closed when the solar panels 9 do supply current, i.e. only to then current flows from the network 3 to the relevant circuit

L0 when the solar panels are not supplying power.

In the situation of figure 1 in which the solar panels 9 supply power, the night machine 14 is open. On the other hand, when the solar panels % do not supply power, the night timer l4 will be closed,

Thus, the circuit 4a will only receive current when the solar panels 9 supply current to the grid and the current circuit 4b will only receive current when the solar panels 3 do not supply current,

The latter situation is shown in Figure 2, in which the day machine 13 is open and the night machine 14 is closed when the solar panels 3 do not supply power,

In the case of Figure 2, a smart digital meter 2b is used and the control signal 12 cf the solar panels 3, if not supplying power, is tapped from the smart meter 2b instead of the inverter 10, 39 to 4

Figures 3A and 3E show a situation in which both a daytime machine 13 and a nighttime machine 14 are provided in the circuit da and an extra selector switch for choosing which of the two machines 13 or 143 is used for the power supply of circuit 4a,

The selector switch 15 is provided with an output 13a for the power supply of the relevant circuit da and 13 with two inputs, respectively a day input 15b to which the day machine 13 is connected and a night input 156 to which the night machine 14 is connected,

The selector switch 15 is a multi-position switch with in this case two positions, which can be switched, for example by means of a push button or other operating element Isbd, between, on the one hand, a day position as shown in figure 3A, wherein only the day input 15b is connected to the output 15a. and, on the other hand, a night service as shown in Figure 38, where only the night input Ibc is connected to the output 15a,

The selector switch 15 thus allows a choice to be made between a daytime position in which current is only passed through when the solar panels 9 supply power and a nighttime position in which current is only passed through when the solar panels 3 are not supplying power.

Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the installation 1 of figure 3a, in which in this case the day machine 13 and the night machine 14 are integrated in

_ BE2021/5607 15 a single combined automatic 16 controlled by the control signal 12,

This combined machine 16 contains a common ; 3 input Léa and two outputs, respectively a day output 16b and night output léc, where the day output 165 is connected to the day input 155 of the selector switch = 15 and the night output 16c of the combined automatic device 16 is connected to night input 150 of the selector switch 15.

With this circuit breaker 16, current is only passed through to the day output 165 when the solar panels 9 supply current, as shown in Figure 4, and current is only passed through to the night output 16c when the solar panels 5 do not supply current, as shown in the dotted line in Figure 4. the loss current switch &: the circuit breaker 16 and the selector switch 15 are usually located in a fuse box 17 from which all circuits 4 originate, each protected by a separate fuse 5 in the fuse box 17.

The meter 2 and the transducer 10 are usually located close to each other, so that the control signal 12 can be easily fed into the fuse box via a separate signal wire.

Figure 5 shows yet another variant of an installation 1 according to the invention, in which in this case the selector switch 15 has an additional mains input 15e which can be connected via the fuse 5 to the residual current circuit breaker 8 in order to operate the circuit breaker 16 in this way. bridging, { 5 In this case, the selector switch 15 has an additional mains position as shown in figure 5, in which { current is always passed via the current conductor 7 from the mains input 15e to the # output 15a, regardless of whether the solar panels supply { current or not . The K selector switch 15 then has three selectable positions, namely to allow current to pass only when the solar panels 9 supply current; only allow current to pass through when the solar panels 3 do not supply any current and always : supply current irrespective of whether the solar panels supply current or not, # The selector switch 15 can also be provided with an extra { off position in which no current is passed through.

If the circuit breaker 16 is located at a distance from the { 20 fuse box 17 and no separate signal wire is available, the control signal 12 can be passed from the installation 1 to the circuit breaker 16 via an existing electrical circuit 4, as shown in figure 6 via a set of two so-called "powerline adapters" 18, respectively a first adapter 18a and a second adapter 18b, each with its own LAN port, 18c and 18d respectively.

The LAN port 18c of the adapter 18a is herein connected 320 to the signal port of the inverter 10 or of a smart meter Zb and forwards this signal over the circuit 4

_ BE2021/5607

A? to the second adapter 18b and so via the LAN port 18d to the machine 16,

It cannot be ruled out that, as shown in a dotted line in figure 6, the automatic device 16 and the selector switch 15 are integrated together in the second "powerline adapter" 18b in

Gen device 19 with one input 19a and one output 135 for the current and a control element 150 FOR the integrated selector switch 15.

This integrated appliance 19 can for instance be designed as a multi-plug socket with a plug for inserting into a socket and an integrated socket for connecting an electrical consumer.

It is then sufficient to plug the device 19 into a socket

Plug in and plug in a consumer in order to use the functionality of the selector switch 15, in some installations 1 as in the one of figure 7, the circuits 4 contain five wires coming from the fuse box 17 and passing in conduits 20 in the floor and in the walls of the house,

In addition to the earthing conductor, the neutral conductor and the current conductor 7, these five wires also contain two additional current conductors 7e and FA, i.e. a total of three current conductors.

In this case the three current conductors can be used for the connection between a circuit breaker 16 in the fuse box 17 and a selector switch 15 in another room of the house as in figure 7.

It is clear that the technical elaboration of the invention can be very diverse due to the many possible combinations of: whether or not a switch and its plastics 16 are used; - location of the machine: - control of the machine via the inverter or the smart meter or both,

It is also clear that the machine can also be controlled by other signals from a device other than the smart meter or inverter or a combination of several information or control sources such as: a smart meter, an inverter of solar panels, a sun sensor, a heating installation with solar water heater, weather or sun information e.g. via the internet, a thermometer, a timer or commands from the user e.g. via the internet,

The control signal can be sent via a signal cable! or via a set of powerline adapters or wirelessly via a wireless transmitter / receiver, or the like.

The present invention is by no means limited to the embodiments described as an example and shown in the figures, but an electrical installation according to the invention can be realized in all kinds of shapes and dimensions without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

conclusions, 1. Electrical installation, containing one or more circuits (4) that are supplied with power via a meter {2} from the electricity grid (3) to which one or more solar panels {9} are connected via an inverter {10}, whereby the installation (1) is provided with a control signal {12} that indicates whether the solar panels (29) supply power or not, characterized in that at least one circuit (4) is provided with a circuit breaker (13,14) with an open and a closed position which is controlled by the aforementioned control signal (12), the automatic device being or comprising a day automatic device (13) or a night automatic device {14}, in which: - the day automatic device (13) is open when the control signal {12} indicates that the solar panels ( 9) supply power and is closed when the solar panels are not supplying power so that { only allows power to pass from the grid {3} to the relevant { 29 circuit {4} when the solar panels (9) supply power; ; - the night switch {14} is closed when the control signal {12} indicates that the solar panels (9) do not supply power and is closed when the solar panels {9%} do Supply Power, so that only power from the grid {3} to allow the relevant circuit (4) to pass through when the solar panels (5) are not supplying power, Electrical installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the automatic device (13,14} is designed as a component from the following non-exhaustive list: - a relay; - a transistor; - a FET: - a thyristor; - a solid state relay or triac. 9 Electrical installation according to claim 23 or 2, characterized in that at least one circuit (4) is provided with a daytime automatic (13} and a nighttime automatic (16) in parallel and a selector switch {15} with an output (15a) for the power supply of the relevant circuit (4) and with at least two inputs, respectively a day input (15b} to which the day machine (13) is connected and a night input (150) to which the night machine {14} is connected, whereby the selector switch {15} is a multi-position switch with at least two positions, respectively a day position where only the day input {15b} is connected to the output (15a) and a night position where only the night input ({(1î5c) is connected to the output (15a}, so that the selector switch {15} allows to choose between a day position in which current is only passed through when the solar panels (8) supply power and a power position in which current is only passed through when the solar panels {9} do not supply power . Electrical installation according to claim 3, characterized in that the day machine (13) and the night machine (14) are integrated in a single combined machine (16) controlled by the control signal {12}, the combined machine (16) having an input ( 163) and two outputs, respectively a daq output (16b} and a night output {léc), which only passes power to the daq output ({(16b) when solar panels #{9} are supplying power and only passes power to the night output (16c } is allowed through when the solar panels (9) do not supply { power, the day output (Leb) of the [ combined circuit breaker (16) being connected to the day input # (15b} of the selector switch 115} and the night output (160) of the combined circuit breaker {16) is connected to +0 night input (15b} of the selector switch (15). 5.” Electrical installation according to claim 3 or 4, à/ characterized in that the selector switch (15) has an additional mains input ({ibe}) and an additional mains position in which current is always transferred from the mains input (15e) to the output (15a). passed, whether or not the zodiac panels {9} are supplying power. Electrical installation according to one of Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the selector switch (153) has an additional off position in which no current is passed. Electrical installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control signal (12 ) is branched off from the inverter (10) or from a smart meter (2b) Electrical installation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control signal (12) is transmitted via an electrical circuit {4} of the installation (1). ) is passed on to the machine (16) via a set of two so-called "powerline adapters" 18, respectively a first adapter {(lBa} which is connected with its LAN port (18ec} to the control signal (12) from the converter { 10} or of a smart meter (2b) and a second 9 adapter {180} connected with its LAN port {189} to a machine {16} 9 3,- Electrical installation according to claim 8, characterized in that the circuit breaker (13,14,16) and the selector switch (15) together with the second “power line adapter” {18b) are { integrated in one device (19) with one incang (193) and { one output {19b} for the current and a control element {{15d} for the selector switch (15), 10. Electrical installation according to claim 9, characterized in that the integrated appliance (19) is designed # as a multi-plug socket with a plug for plugging into a { socket and a socket for connecting an electrical consumer. î/ li. Electrical installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is an installation (1) for domestic use. 12. Electrical installation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is an installation {1} that is connected to a network with one phase 220 Volt or with three phases 220 Volt or 480 Volt. ZA ij. Electrical installation according to claim 6 but without day mode, being a position in which only current { is allowed through when the solar panels (5953; supply power #, { i4,- Electrical installation according to claim €& but # without night mode, being a position in which only current { is passed through when the solar panels (9) do not supply electricity 9, 15. Electrical installation according to one of the preceding claims controlled by a signal from a smart meter whereby current is only passed through when electricity is cheap, lol.” Electrical installation according to one of the preceding claims, controlled by a signal not from a smart meter or an inverter, but from a sun sensor or from a heating installation with a solar boiler or another device that indicates sunshine. 17. Electrical installation according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical power conductors (7) are supplemented with low-voltage wire or several low-voltage wires and/or supply wire of, for example, 24 volts and a voltage converter so that this low-voltage wire makes a connection with the appliance when the mains power is switched off. , which low-scanning wire also Provides feedback of a control signal to the machine, so that the device may also control the machine, so that the device can indicate, for example, that the machine may not switch off for a certain period of time. { lë&.- Electrical installation according to one of the preceding claims controlled by a signal from a device or device that combines the control of several information or control sources such as: a smart meter, an inverter of solar panels, a sun sensor, a heating installation with solar water heater, weather or sun information for example via the internet, a thermometer, a timer or commands from the user for example via the internet.