KR100907298B1 - Improved automatic power changer to perform transfer operation under load disconnection - Google Patents

Abstract

An improved power automatic switching device for performing a switching operation in a load disconnection state is disclosed. Automatic switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first switching unit for electrically connecting one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair in response to the first switching control signal to the output terminal pair; A second switching unit configured to switch at least one line of the output pair in response to a second switching control signal so that the load is separated; A control circuit unit configured to apply the second switching control signal to the second switching unit before and after the first switching control signal is applied to the first switching unit so that the switching operation of the first switching unit is performed in an unconnected state. It is provided. According to the embodiment of the present invention, problems such as short-circuit due to open / close surge and spread to other generations during the switching operation are prevented, and thus, switches, relays, and transfers are commonly used, including both commonly used in normal and emergency situations. Damage to the device or distribution panel is prevented or minimized. In addition, the reliability and stability of the switching operation is improved.

Description

Automatic power switching unit for performing switching operation in load disconnected status

The present invention relates to a power supply automatic switching device for supplying emergency power in the generation of the assembly building in the event of a power failure of the commercial power supply.

In general, household distribution boards are installed by unit households in apartment buildings, apartments, villas, detached houses, public buildings, officetels, etc., and are supplied with commercial power from the outside to distribute power to each electric load, resulting in leakage or overload. It prevents the occurrence of fire or damage of electric load by shutting off the power supply when it occurs. Such generation distribution boards have main circuit breakers connected to the injection force terminals and sub-circuits distributed to the electric loads, respectively, for supplying commercial power from outside through the main input terminal to each electric load. It is divided into breakers.

In general, in a building such as an apartment, a townhouse, or an officetel, when a commercial power source is cut off, there is a countermeasure for supplying emergency power to each household so that the emergency light is turned on. When commercial power is interrupted, emergency power must be supplied to essential loads such as emergency lights.

In this specification, the commercial power refers to the AC power supplied to each generation by entering the building from the transmission line connected to the power plant, the emergency power is the interior of the assembly building when the commercial power is interrupted by a power failure or breakage of the transmission line Or it refers to the power supplied from the surrounding power facilities. For example, the power equipment for generating an emergency power source may be a self-generator, a storage battery facility, or an emergency power receiving power facility that stores or generates power by receiving energy such as thermal power, wind power, electric power, and solar power.

The power supply line introduced into the generation distribution board has two input and output stages in the case of a single phase, and three input stages and three output stages of the R, S, and T phases in the case of a three-phase 380V. In the three-phase case, the power line output to the transformer has four inputs and four outputs because the three inputs and outputs have a neutral line (N: NEUTRAL), and thus R, S, T, and N phases.

MOULDED CASE CIRCUIT BRAKER (MCCB) installed in the generation distribution panel functions as a circuit breaker for overload overcurrent protection, and ELCB (EARTH LEAKAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER) is used as a circuit breaker for leakage and overload overcurrent protection.

Automatic power supply switching device for supplying the emergency power in the generation of the aggregate is also disclosed in the prior patent, such as Korean Patent No. 10-535857.

In such a conventional power automatic switching device, the switching operation of connecting the emergency power to the load or the commercial power applied again to the load when the emergency power is being supplied has been performed in the load connection state. Thus, in such a case, the problem of short-circuit (short-circuit) between the commercial power supply and the emergency power supply may be caused by an open / close surge generated at the contacts of the relay, thereby causing a fire or tripping the main breaker of the electrical room. In the event of a secondary incident such as a trip, serious problems may arise in the supply of power to other generations.

Such problems have been confirmed by various experiments and observations by the present inventors, which may occur due to the switching operation in a state in which a load connected to a rear end of a switching unit such as a relay is connected as it is.

In a relay structure that typically alternates about 220 volts of power, the contact spacing of the relay switches is relatively narrow, ranging from 1.2 millimeters (mm) to 1.5 millimeters. If the transfer operation is performed immediately while the load intended to receive commercial power or emergency power is directly connected to the output terminal of the relay, the commercial power and emergency power are short-circuited (short-circuited) by the arc generated by open / close surge. An accident may occur and if a very large short-circuit current flows, the relay contact may be deteriorated by Joule heat, causing contact fusion.

In addition, although it will be described later, conventionally, when one end of the ever-used emergency light 28 is connected to the terminal S3 of the dimming switch 21 as shown in FIG. 1 also commonly connected through the emergency power line P3, If the commercial power is applied while the dual emergency lamp 28 is turned on by the emergency power, the phase and frequency between the commercial power supply and the emergency power may not coincide with each other due to the wiring structure as shown in FIG. The combined emergency light 28 and the dimming switch 21 may be damaged.

As a result, when problems such as contact fusion due to short due to phase and frequency mismatch between commercial power supply and emergency power supply appear, common lights, switches, relays, switching devices, or both commonly used in emergency and emergency The distribution panel may be damaged, reducing the reliability of the operation and causing a risk of fire.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved power automatic switching device.

Another object of the present invention is to connect the emergency power supply to the load in case of power failure of the commercial power supply or the phase and frequency inconsistency between the power sources during the switching operation of connecting the commercial power applied again to the load while the emergency power is being supplied. The present invention provides an improved power automatic switching device that can solve problems such as shorting and relay contact arcing.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic power supply switching device capable of preventing or minimizing damage to a switch, a relay, a switching device, or a distribution panel such as a combined lamp.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a power supply automatic switching device that can increase the reliability and stability of the operation and eliminate the risk of fire.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic power supply switching device for performing power switching in a load disconnection state.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a power supply automatic switching device that can prevent or suppress the damage of the combined light or switch by preventing the problems caused by the mismatch of phase and frequency between the power supplies during the power recovery operation and to prevent relay chattering Is in.

According to one aspect of the invention, the automatic power supply switching device,

A first switching unit electrically connecting one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair to the output terminal pair in response to the first switching control signal;

A second switching unit configured to switch at least one line of the output pair in response to a second switching control signal so that the load is separated;

A control circuit unit configured to apply the second switching control signal to the second switching unit before and after the first switching control signal is applied to the first switching unit so that the switching operation of the first switching unit is performed in an unconnected state. It is provided.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the first and second switching units may be a DC or an AC relay, and the control circuit unit may include a microprocessor that executes a built-in switching related program or a logic circuit that performs a preset switching related operation. It can be configured as.

According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the automatic power supply switching device,

A first switching unit electrically connecting one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair to the output terminal pair in response to the first switching control signal;

A second switching unit configured to switch at least one line of the output pair in response to a second switching control signal so that the load is separated;

When an event to switch the first switching unit occurs, the second switching control signal is first applied to the second switching unit so that the output terminal pair is electrically separated from the load, and then the first switching control signal is applied. And a control circuit part configured to apply the first switching part and apply the second switching control signal to the second switching part so that the output terminal pair is electrically connected to the load after the first switching part is switched. .

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first and second switching control signals may be signals for current to flow through an inductor constituting a relay coil, and the control circuit unit controls when emergency power is applied to the emergency power input pair. You can perform the operation.

According to yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the automatic power supply switching device,

A first switching unit electrically connecting one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair to the output terminal pair in response to the first switching control signal;

A second switching unit configured to switch at least one line of the output pair in response to a second switching control signal so that the load is separated;

When emergency power is applied to the emergency power input terminal pair or when commercial power is applied while the emergency power is connected to the load, the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part so as to be connected to the output terminal pair. The first switching control signal is applied to the first switching part after the set delay time has elapsed after the load is electrically disconnected, and the second switching control signal is set to the set delay time after the first switching part is switched. And a control circuit portion applied to the second switching portion so that the output stage pair and the load are electrically connected after the elapse of time.

According to yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the automatic power supply switching device,

In response to the first switching control signal, one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair is electrically connected to the first and second output terminals, respectively, and connected to one output terminal of the dimming switch which receives commercial power and performs dimming operation of a lamp. A first switching unit electrically connecting one of the commercial power dimming input terminal and a branch emergency power input terminal branched to one of the emergency power input terminal pairs to a third output terminal;

A second switching unit configured to switch at least one of the first, second, and third output terminals in response to a second switching control signal to separate the load;

When emergency power is applied to the emergency power input terminal pair or when commercial power is applied while the emergency power is connected to the load, the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part to output the The first switching control signal is applied to the first switching part after the first switching part is electrically disconnected from the load, and the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part after the first switching part is switched. And a control circuit unit for electrically connecting one of the output terminals with the load.

According to yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the automatic power supply switching device,

In response to the first switching control signal, one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair is electrically connected to the first and second output terminals, respectively, and the branch emergency power input terminal and the non-powered branch connected to one of the emergency power input pair. One of the branch power supply terminals electrically connected to one of the input terminals, the commercial power switching input terminal connected to one output terminal of a switch for switching a lamp by receiving commercial power, and a branch emergency power input branch connected to one of the emergency power input pair. A first switching unit electrically connecting the fourth output terminal to the fourth output terminal;

A second switching unit configured to switch at least one of the first, second, third and fourth output terminals in response to a second switching control signal to separate the load;

When emergency power is applied to the emergency power input terminal pair or when commercial power is applied while the emergency power is connected to the load, the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part to output the The first switching control signal is applied to the first switching part after the first switching part is electrically disconnected from the load, and the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part after the first switching part is switched. And a control circuit part for electrically connecting one of the output terminals with the load.

According to another aspect of the invention, the first switching unit for electrically connecting one of the commercial power input pair and the emergency power input pair pair to the output terminal pair in response to the first switching control signal; A second switching unit configured to switch the commercial power input pair in response to a second switching control signal to separate the commercial input; Before and after the first switching control signal is applied to the first switching part, the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part so that the switching operation of the first switching part is performed in an unconnected state of the commercial input. The control circuit part is provided.

According to embodiments of the present invention, problems such as a short phenomenon or a relay contact arcing phenomenon due to a mismatch of phase and frequency between power supplies during the switching operation are prevented.

Therefore, damage to a switch, a relay, a switching device, or a distribution board is prevented or suppressed, including a combination commonly used in both normal and emergency situations.

In addition, the reliability and stability of the switching operation is improved.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In describing the embodiments of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

First, in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention to be described below, with reference to Figures 1 and 2, it will be described the factors that can always be damaged emergency light in a conventional automatic power supply switching device.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional emergency power supply system connected to a dimming switch, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply wiring structure of a general assembly provided to explain a phenomenon in which an emergency lamp in FIG. 1 may be damaged.

Referring to FIG. 1, since the home automation device 30 and the boiler 32 need to be operated even when commercial power is not supplied, the automatic power supply switching device 20a, which receives both commercial power and emergency power, may be used. The structure connected via "APU" is shown below. In addition, it is also shown that the always-used emergency light 28 (hereinafter, "combined light") is also connected to the dimming switch 21 and the APU 20a to receive both emergency power and commercial power. The dimming switch 21 is a switch for adjusting the illuminance of the constant light 24, 26 or the combined light 28 using a commercial power source. Here, the other node of the combined lamp 28 is electrically connected to the output terminal P3 of the APU 20a and the output terminal S3 of the dimming switch 21. Therefore, when the power is restored while the emergency power is turned on, that is, the commercial power is re-entered into the main circuit breaker 10 and the plurality of sub circuit breakers 12, 14, 16, and 18, the wiring structure as shown in FIG. Due to this, power supply phase superposition may occur. In such a case, the combined lamp 28 and the dimming switch 21 may be damaged, and a short circuit may cause a fire.

In FIG. 2, the transformer 40 turns down the high voltage commercial power supplied through the transmission power line and converts the voltage to 380V and 220V. The emergency generator 50 for supplying emergency power performs an AC power generation operation when commercial power is cut off, and thus supplies emergency power of 380V and 220V.

Here, assuming that the entire aggregated building (A1-An) is formed of a plurality of copper (dong 101 101-10 N), the plurality of copper is R, S, T, N in order to receive both commercial power and emergency power It is wired to four lines each having a phase.

Here, when two lines of the three-phase power supply lines R, S, and T phases, for example, R phase and S phase or S phase and T phase or T phase R phase are drawn in, 380V, and any one of R, S, and T phases When N-phases are paired in, 220V is obtained. The assembly building 101 (A1) is supplied with commercial power of R phase and N phase from the transformer 40 and emergency power of T phase and N phase from the emergency generator 50. The assembly building 102 (A2) is supplied with commercial power of the S phase and the N phase from the transformer 40 and emergency power of the S phase and the N phase from the emergency generator 50. On the other hand, the aggregate building 103 (A3) is supplied with commercial power of the T-phase and N-phase from the transformer 40, and emergency power of the R-phase and N-phase from the emergency generator 50 is supplied. 10 N buildings An are supplied with commercial power of R and N phases from the transformer 40 and emergency power of T and N phases from the emergency generator 50.

For example, when the APU 20a of FIG. 1 corresponds to 101 (A1) of FIG. 2, first, the commercial power of the R phase and the N phase from the transformer 40 is connected via the power pairs 50 and 52. It enters into the circuit breaker 10. The drawn commercial power is branched into a plurality of sub-circuit breakers 12, 14, 16, and 18, respectively, and applied to various heaters, lights, or outlets. The R phase line of commercial power supplied through the sub-circuit breaker 12 is connected to the dimming input terminal Di of the dimming switch 21, and the N phase line of the commercial power is connected to the common terminal of the dimming switch 21. Com) and at the same time it is connected to one end of the constant light (24, 26). Here, when the switch SW11 of the dimming switch 21 is turned on, the dimming input terminal Di and the first dimming output terminal S1 are connected. Therefore, the R phase is connected to the other end of the constant light 24 so that the constant light 24 is turned on, and the illuminance is adjusted according to the on position of the switch SW11. In addition, when the switch SW12 of the dimming switch 21 is turned on, since the dimming input terminal Di and the second dimming output terminal S2 are connected, the R phase is connected to the other terminal of the constant light 26 so that the constant light 26 ) Lights up and illuminance is controlled. When the switch SW13 of the dimming switch 21 is turned on, the dimming input terminal Di and the third dimming output terminal S3 are connected to each other so that the R phase is connected to the other end of the combined lamp 28, and the first of the APU 20a. The N phase is connected to one end of the combined lamp 28 via the output terminal P1, and the combined lamp 28 is turned on as a constant lamp. In this case, no power is supplied to the third output terminal P3 of the APU 20a.

In addition, the APU 20a selectively switches the commercial power source to drive emergency loads such as the home automation device 30 and the boiler 32 connected to the first and second output terminals P1 and P2.

In this way, the commercial power is supplied to the dimming switch 21, the constant light 24 and 26, the combined light 28, the home automation device 30, and the boiler 32, and may be interrupted by a power failure or a short circuit of the power line. In this case, the APU 20a selects and transfers emergency power through the first and second output terminals P1 and P2 and supplies the first and third outputs to the home automation device 30 and the boiler 32. It supplies to the said combined lamp 28 through the terminals P1 and P3. Therefore, the combined lamp 28 is turned on as an emergency lamp, and the constant lamps 24 and 26 are turned off because commercial power is no longer supplied from the dimming switch 21.

When the commercial power is input again while the emergency power is supplied to the combined lamp 28, the home automation device 30, and the boiler 32, the commercial power is the main circuit breaker 10 and the sub circuit breaker 12. It is also applied to the dimming switch 21 through. Therefore, the R phase line of the commercial power supply is connected to the dimming input terminal Di of the dimming switch 21, and the N phase line of the commercial power supply is connected to the common terminal Com of the dimming switch 21 and at the same time the constant light (24). , One terminal of 26). In this case, the APU 20a switches the commercial power after supplying further emergency power for a predetermined time even though commercial power is input. As a result, when the phase and frequency of the commercial and emergency power supply do not match, the emergency power of the T phase supplied from the APU 20a and the commercial power of the R phase supplied from the transformer 40 are superimposed instantaneously and the line voltage is up to 440V. I get caught. Therefore, the dimming switch 21 and the combined lamp 28 which are always / emergency lamps may be damaged, and the risk of fire due to the damage may be followed.

In addition, although an example in which an emergency power of R phase supplied from the transformer 40 and an emergency power of T phase supplied from the emergency generator 50 overlaps with each other has been described as an example, the commercial power supplied from the transformer 40 and the emergency Even though the emergency power supplied from the generator 50 is all supplied in the same phase, since the phases of the commercial power and the emergency power are different from each other, when the emergency power and the commercial power are simultaneously supplied, the dimming switch 21 or the combined lamp 28 Damage may result.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to solve problems such as short phenomenon due to phase and frequency mismatch between power supplies and relay contact arcing phenomenon during switching operation, the load connected to the rear end of the switching unit is preferentially separated. It has a scheme

From now on, the structure of the improved APU and the overall configuration and detailed operation of the emergency power supply system which can overcome the problems and disadvantages of the conventional APU will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 9. It will be explained to help you understand it.

3 is an overall configuration diagram of an emergency power supply system to which the first and second embodiments of the present invention are applied. In FIG. 3, unlike the wiring structure of FIG. 1, the combined lamp 28 is connected between the first and third output terminals P1 and P3 of the APU 20 to solve the problem illustrated in FIG. 1, and improved APU. Due to the load-separation operation before the transfer operation of (20), all the problems mentioned in the prior art are basically solved.

4 is a detailed circuit diagram of a power automatic switching device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is a detailed circuit diagram of a power automatic switching device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

6 is an overall configuration diagram of an emergency power supply system to which the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention are applied, and FIG. 7 is a detailed circuit diagram of an automatic power supply switching device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a detailed circuit diagram of the automatic power supply switching device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a view illustrating an operation control flow of the control circuit unit shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 7, and 8. FIG.

The overall configuration of the emergency power supply system having the APU 20 as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, which reduces the short and prevents the arc by interrupting the load before the normal / emergency transfer, will be described first.

3, the wiring structure in which the combined lamp 28 is connected between the first and third output terminals P1 and P3 of the APU 20 is shown.

The main circuit breaker 10 and the plurality of sub-circuit breakers 12, 14, 16, and 18 shown in FIG. 3 are implemented as an MCCB which detects an overload and cuts off the power, or an ELB which detects a short circuit and cuts off the power. . When the main circuit breaker 10 is installed as an MCCB, the plurality of sub circuit breakers 12, 14, 16, and 18 may be implemented as ELBs. In addition, when the main circuit breaker 10 is an ELB, the plurality of sub-circuit breakers 12, 14, 16, and 18 may be implemented by MCCB or ELB, or may be implemented by mixing MCCB and ELB. The plurality of sub-circuit breakers 12, 14, 16, and 18 are connected through commercial power lines on R and N, for example, to provide commercial power to a plurality of lights and a plurality of heating appliances in a household. For example, the sub-circuit breaker 14 may be connected to an outlet installed on the wall and the like in the living room in the household for the load R1. In addition, the sub-circuit breaker 16 is connected to an outlet installed on the back and walls of the room, and can supply commercial power to the load R2, and the sub-circuit breaker 18 is connected to an outlet installed on the back and the walls of the small room and the veranda. So that the load R3 can be driven.

Since the dimming switch 21 is connected to the sub-circuit breaker 12 through power lines on R and N in the drawing, the dimming switch 21 receives commercial power introduced through commercial power input terminals 50 and 52. 21 turns on the constant light 24 and 26 in response to the operation of the operation switches SW11 and SW12, and adjusts the illuminance upon lighting.

The dimming switch 21 is also connected to the APU 20 via a connection line P5 connected to the terminal S3 of the operation switch SW13. When commercial power is supplied, the APU 20 connects the connection line P5 to the third output terminal P3 through an internal switching line L10. Therefore, in this case, the R phase power of the commercial power source is applied to the other end (side to which P3 is connected) of the combined lamp 28. On the other hand, in this case, the power of N phase is supplied to one end of the combined lamp 28 through the first output terminal P1 of the APU 20. Therefore, when the commercial power is applied, if the operation switch SW13 of the dimming switch 21 is in the off position, the dimming input terminal Dim and the third dimming output terminal S3 are not electrically connected. 28) is extinguished. When the operation switch SW13 is set to the on position, the dimming input terminal Di and the third dimming output terminal S3 are connected to the combined lamp 28 to light up. The illuminance of the combined lamp 28 is adjusted toward the maximum as the operation switch SW13 is turned to the maximum brightness position within the range in which the operation switch SW13 is turned on. That is, at the maximum position, the combined light 28 becomes the maximum bright and at the minimum the darkest.

In FIG. 3, the R phase line of the commercial power supply is connected to the dimming input terminal Di of the dimming switch 21 and the N phase line of the commercial power supply is connected to the common terminal Com of the dimming switch 21 at the same time. It is connected to one end of (24, 26). Accordingly, when the switch SW11 of the dimming switch 21 is turned on, the constant light 24 is turned on, and the illuminance is adjusted according to the on position of the switch SW11. In addition, when the switch SW12 is turned on, the dimming input terminal Dim and the second dimming output terminal S2 are connected to constantly turn on and adjust the illuminance.

In FIG. 3, the APU 20 has five input terminals (emergency power pair 54,56, commercial power pair 50,52, dimming switching output line P5) and three output terminals P1, P2, and P3. ).

The APU 20 employs a second relay functioning as a load switching part in addition to the first relay functioning as a main switching part as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, so that emergency / commercial switching operation is not connected to a load. To be performed in. Accordingly, problems such as a short phenomenon or a relay contact arcing phenomenon due to a mismatch in phase and frequency between power supplies during the switching operation are certainly prevented. Therefore, damage to the combined light, dimming switch, switching device, or distribution board is prevented or suppressed, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the switching operation.

A detailed configuration example of the APU 20 will now be described with reference to FIG. 4.

In FIG. 4, the APU 20 basically includes a commercial / emergency switching first relay 60, a load switching second relay 70, and a switching circuit control control circuit 44. In addition, the commercial power detection signal generator 43, the operation voltage generator 42, and the first and second relay drivers 50 and 52 are connected to control the operation of the control circuit 44.

The first relay 60 functioning as the first switching unit may select one of the commercial power input pairs 50 and 52 and the emergency power input pairs 54 and 56 in response to the first switching control signal FSC. The commercial power dimming input terminal P5 connected to one output terminal of the dimming switch 21 which is electrically connected to each of the two output terminals P1 and P2 and receives a commercial power source and performs dimming operation such as a lighting, and the emergency power input terminal pair. In order to electrically connect one of the branch emergency power inputs 56a branched to one of the (54,56) terminals to the third output terminal P3, the driving inductor L1 and the first, second and third switches SW1, SW2, SW3).

In addition, the second relay 70 serving as a second switching unit switches at least one line P1 of the first, second, and third output terminals P1, P2, and P3 in response to a second switching control signal SSC. In order to separate the load, the driving inductor L2 and the first switch SW4 are provided.

In FIG. 4, the second relay 70 switches the first output terminal P1 to separate the load. However, the second relay 70 switches the second output terminal P2 or the third output terminal P3 to switch the load. It could be separated. In addition, the load may be separated by switching the first and second output terminals P1 and P2 together, or the load may be separated by switching both the first and second output terminals P1, P2 and P3. .

The control circuit unit 44 may be implemented as a microprocessor unit (MPU), for example, a general-purpose microprocessor "PIC508", and may perform an operation procedure as shown in FIG. 9 according to a program stored therein. Although the control circuit section 44 is implemented as a microprocessor unit in the present embodiment, it can of course also be implemented as a logic circuit composed of a plurality of logic gates if necessary.

In the control circuit unit 44, commercial power is commercial power when emergency power is applied to the emergency power input pair pairs 54 and 56 or when the emergency power is connected to the load (30 and 32 of FIG. 3). When applied to the input pair 50, 52, the second switching control signal SSC is applied to the second relay 70 to the one of the output terminals (P1, P2, P3) and the load (30, 32) ) Is electrically separated from each other, and then the first switching control signal FSC is applied to the first relay 60. After the first relay 60 is switched, the second switching control signal FSC is applied to the first relay 60. 2 is applied to the relay 70 so that the separated load is electrically connected again. For example, when the output terminal P1 and the loads 30 and 32 are electrically separated from each other before the switching operation of the first relay 70, after the first relay 70 is switched, The output terminal P1 and the loads 30 and 32 are electrically connected again.

The commercial power detection signal generator 43 includes a diode D2, a light emitting diode D3, a resistor R3, a photo coupler PC, and a resistor R4. Generate a detection signal. The generated constant power detection signal is applied to the sensing input terminal I1 of the control circuit unit 44. When the commercial power is applied, the light emitting diode D3 is turned on to identify the application status of the commercial power outside the apparatus.

The operation voltage generator 42 is a functional circuit block for generating a DC constant voltage in response to the application of an emergency power source. The operation voltage generator 42 includes a bridge diode BD1, a capacitor C2, a zener diode ZD1, a constant voltage U3, And a capacitor C3 basically. The first direct current operating voltage VDD output from the capacitor C2 is regulated by the constant voltage generator U3 and is generated as the second direct current operating voltage VCC. The second DC operating voltage VCC is applied to the operating voltage input terminal VIN of the control circuit unit 44. In addition, the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 connected between the one end 56 of the emergency power supply and the voltage node V1 of the bridge diode BD1 serve as a voltage regulator and are connected to the voltage node V1. Apply the dropped AC voltage.

The emergency power supply display unit 45 is a circuit block for externally displaying the emergency power supply when the emergency power is applied, and includes the resistors R5 and R6 and the light emitting diode D4.

The first relay driver 50 includes resistors R10, R11, R12, and R13, diodes and transistors D10 and Q10, capacitors C10, transistors Q12, and diodes D11 constituting a photocoupler. It consists of.

The first relay driver 50 may include the first, second, and third switches SW1, SW2, and SW3 of the first relay 60 when the first switching control signal FSC is logic low. The inductor coil L1 is driven to be connected to (a1, a2, a3), and when the first switching control signal FSC is logic high, no current flows in the inductor coil L1 so that the first relay ( The first, second, and third switches SW1, SW2, and SW3 of 60 are connected to the input contacts b1, b2, and b3 by spring restoring force. When the structure of the first relay 60 is changed to the a contact driving method instead of the b contact driving method, the logic of the first switching control signal FSC may be reversed. In addition, the first relay 60 may be replaced by a semiconductor relay or another relay without implementing the mechanical relay.

The second relay driver 52 includes resistors R20, R21, R22, and R23, diodes and transistors D20 and Q20, capacitors C20, transistors Q22, and diodes D21 constituting a photocoupler. It consists of.

The second relay driver 52 may include the inductor coils such that the first switch SW4 of the second relay 70 is connected to the input contact a4 when the second switching control signal SSC is logic low. L2), and when the second switching control signal SSC is logic high, current does not flow through the inductor coil L2 so that the first switch SW4 of the second relay 70 is driven by a spring restoring force. To be connected to the input contact b4. Similarly, the logic of the second switching control signal SSC may be reversed when the structure of the second relay 70 is changed to the a contact driving method instead of the b contact driving method. In addition, the second relay 70 may be replaced by a semiconductor relay or another relay without implementing the mechanical relay.

In the case of FIG. 4, the first and second relays 60 and 70 are DC relays, and the first and second relay drivers 50 and 52 are output from the operating voltage generator 42. The direct current operating voltage VDD and the second direct current operating voltage VCC are used as driving voltages.

The emergency power input terminal pairs 54 and 56 may be connected to an ELB 58 to prevent short circuit, short circuit, and overload.

An operation example of FIG. 4 will now be described with reference to FIG. 9.

In a state in which emergency power is not applied and only commercial power is applied, that is, in normal mode (normal mode), the control circuit part 44 of FIG. 4 receives a second DC operating voltage (about 5 volts) at the operating voltage input terminal VIN. It is disabled. In this case, the light emitting diode D3 as LED1 in the commercial power supply detection signal generation unit 43 in FIG. 4 is turned on, and the constant power detection signal is applied to the sensing input terminal I1. However, even if the constant power detection signal is applied, the control circuit section 44 is in a disabled state, and thus no control operation is performed. In this always mode, the first and second relays 60 and 70 are not electrically driven and maintain their initial state (b contact state). That is, the first, second, and third switches SW1, SW2, and SW3 of the first relay 60 are connected to the input contacts b1, b2, and b3, respectively, by the restoring force of the relay spring. Keep it. In addition, the first switch SW4 of the second relay 70 also maintains a state connected to the input contact b4 which is a b contact.

Accordingly, commercial power is output to the first and second output terminals P1 and P2, and one phase of the commercial power supplied from the dimming switch 21 through the line P5 to the third output terminal P3 (see FIG. 3). R phase) is output. Therefore, commercial power is supplied to the load such as the combined lamp 28, the boiler 32, the home automation device 30, and the like.

When a commercial power is not applied due to a fault of a power transmission line or a power failure, and emergency power supplied by a self-generator of an assembly building is introduced into the emergency power input terminal pairs 54 and 56, load separation and power supply are performed. The transfer operation is performed through the steps of FIG.

In FIG. 9, step S900 is a step of detecting whether emergency power is applied. When the control circuit unit 44 receives the voltage VCC through the line VL1, the control circuit unit 44 is in an operation enable state. As a result, when the control circuit unit 44 is activated, it means a state in which emergency power is applied. In this case, the bridge diode BD1 of FIG. 4 receives the dropped AC voltage through the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 serving as the voltage adjusting unit. The bridge diode BD1 generates a DC voltage by full-wave rectifying an AC voltage, and the voltage regulator U3 regulates it to output a DC constant voltage of 3.3 volts or 5 volts. The DC constant voltage is provided to the operating voltage input terminal VIN of the control circuit part 44 through the line VL1.

Step S901 is a step of separating the load line. According to the load separation operation in the embodiment of the present invention, the control circuit unit 44 outputs SSC as a logic low to switch on the second relay 70. Accordingly, the photodiode D20 in the second relay driver 52 is operated to turn on the transistors Q20 and Q22. Accordingly, the anode potential of the diode 21 starts to discharge to the ground level, and current flows from the supply line P20 connected to the inductor coil L2 to the line P21, whereby the first of the second relay 70 The switch SW4 is connected to the input contact a4 by an electromagnetic force. Thus, the first output terminal P1 is separated from the load.

In step S902, a delay is performed during the setting time, and in step S903, it is a step of checking whether the setting time has elapsed. The set time may be set programmatically from several microseconds to several seconds.

Step S904 is a step of connecting an emergency power source, and the control circuit unit 44 switches the FSC to switch on the first relay 60 while the second relay 70 is still maintaining switching on. Output as logic low. Accordingly, the photodiode D10 in the first relay driver 50 is operated to turn on the transistors Q10 and Q12. Accordingly, the anode potential of the diode 11 starts to discharge to the ground level, and current flows from the supply line P10 connected to the inductor coil L1 to the line P11, whereby the first of the first relay 60 , 2, 3, the switches (SW1, SW2, SW3) are respectively connected to the input contacts (a1, a2, a3) by the electromagnetic force. Accordingly, emergency power is output to the first and second switching output terminals C1 and C2 of the first relay 60, and branch lines 56a of the R phase 56 of the emergency power are output to the third switching output terminal C3. R phase of the emergency power applied along) is output. In this case, however, since the second relay 70 is in the switched on state, the emergency power is not yet applied to the load.

After the step S905 of delaying the set time and the step S906 of checking whether the set time has elapsed, the step S907 of switching off the second relay 70 is performed. The step S907 is a step of connecting a load line, and the control circuit unit 44 outputs SSC as a logic high to switch off the second relay 70. Accordingly, no current flows through the inductor coil L2, and the first switch SW4 of the second relay 70 returns to the b contact state. Therefore, since the first output terminal P1 is connected to the load, emergency power is supplied to the load such as the combined lamp 28, the boiler 32, the home automation device 30, and the like. In this way, if the load is disconnected first and then emergency transfer is performed and the load is connected again after the emergency transfer is performed, problems such as a short phenomenon due to phase and frequency mismatch between power supplies and relay contact arcing phenomenon, etc. It is definitely prevented. Therefore, it can be seen that damage to the combined light, dimming switch, switching device, or distribution board is prevented or suppressed. The steps S902 and S905 may be omitted as necessary, and may be selected when sufficient consideration is given since an unstable voltage may enter at an initial stage of supply of emergency power. On the other hand, when switching to the emergency power supply, the control circuit section 44 applies a low level signal to the output terminal O1. As a result, the light emitting diode LED2 displaying the drawn-in state of the emergency power source to the outside is emitted.

Step S908 is a step of detecting whether the emergency power is off. When the emergency power is turned off in step S908, step S909 is performed.

In step S909, the first and second relays 60 and 70 are returned to the switching off state and the emergency power supply indication LED 2 is automatically turned off. Since the step S909 is performed when the emergency power is turned off regardless of whether the commercial power is applied or not, the step S909 is automatically performed by turning off the emergency power rather than being performed by the control operation of the control circuit 44. Therefore, the first and second relays 60 and 70 are all switched back to the state of the contact point b by the restoring force of the relay spring, so that the commercial power can be immediately supplied to the load.

Step S910 is a step of detecting whether commercial power is applied. When a logic low is applied to the sensing input terminal I1, the control circuit unit 44 determines that commercial power is applied while emergency power is applied. If the commercial power is not detected in step S910, the process goes to step S908.

The step S911 is a step of separating the load line when the step S910 is passed. The steps S911, S912, and S913 are the same as the above-described steps S901, S902, and S903, and the same operation occurs.

Step S914 is a step of connecting commercial power, and the control circuit unit 44 outputs the FSC as logic high to switch off the first relay 60 in a state in which the load line is separated. Accordingly, since the first relay 60 is returned to the b contact by the spring restoring force, the emergency power is cut off and the commercial power is connected.

When the operation in step S914 is completed, steps S905, S906, and S907 are performed to connect the load lines. Thus, commercial power is supplied to the load. When the emergency power is turned off in step S908, the same state as in step S909 is already performed.

When both emergency power and commercial power are input, switching to commercial power always satisfies the switching operation at first, and prevents the waste of emergency power to the maximum, thereby providing reasonableness for generation electricity charging.

In FIG. 4, the first and second relays 60 and 70 are implemented as DC relays, but may be implemented as AC relays as shown in FIG. 5.

5 is a detailed circuit diagram of an automatic power supply switching device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The configuration of FIG. 5 is the same as that of FIG. 4 except that the relay type of the first and second relays is changed to an AC relay and the first and second relay drivers are changed accordingly.

In FIG. 5, the first relay driver 50 may be implemented with a resistor R10, a photodiode D10, and a triac TA10, and the second relay driver 52 may include a resistor R20 and a photo. The diode D20 and the triac TA20 may be implemented.

In the case of FIG. 5, only the type of the relay is different, and the same control flow as in FIG. 9 is performed. Therefore, the emergency / commercial switching operation of the first relay 60 is performed in the unloaded state.

Therefore, problems such as a short phenomenon or a relay contact arcing phenomenon due to a mismatch in phase and frequency between power supplies during the switching operation are prevented. Thus, damage to the combined light, dimming switch, switching device, or distribution board is prevented or suppressed, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the switching operation.

Although the APU 20 of FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 has been described with five input and three output lines as an example, when another commercial and emergency light is additionally connected to the evacuation space in the event of fire, the APU 20 may be connected to FIG. It can be changed to 5 inputs and 4 output lines as well. This will be described later.

6 is an overall configuration diagram of an emergency power supply system to which the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention are applied.

6 is an overall configuration diagram of an emergency power supply system according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is slightly modified in FIG. In FIG. 6, when another combined emergency light 29 installed in the evacuation space is additionally installed in the evacuation space for use in a fire, it may be turned on and off by using an operation switch 23 such as a tumbler at all times. Is a wiring structure that can be used as an emergency light by applying emergency power. In FIG. 6, the dimming switch 21 may adjust illuminance of the combined lamp 28 when commercial power is applied. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 6, when the noise filter 22 is connected to the emergency power input (54, 56) of the APU 20, noise and electromagnetic interference from the outside, communication signal interference, etc. can be effectively blocked. Can be.

By employing the APU 20 as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the wiring structure as shown in Fig. 6 also eliminates problems such as shorting and relay contact arcing due to inconsistency in phase and frequency between power supplies during the switching operation. Solve.

7 is a detailed circuit diagram of a power automatic switching device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 is a detailed circuit diagram of a power automatic switching device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

The configuration of FIG. 7 is the same as FIG. 4 except that the relay output structure is changed to five input four output lines and load line separation is performed for two lines.

In FIG. 7, the first relay 60 functioning as the first switching unit selects one of the commercial power input pair 50 and 52 and the emergency power input pair 54 and 56 in response to the first switching control signal FSC. A branch emergency power input terminal 56a and a non-power input terminal b3 which are electrically connected to the first and second output terminals P1 and P2, respectively, and branched to one of the emergency power input pair pairs 54 and 56, respectively. A commercial power switching input terminal P5 connected to one output terminal S3 of a switch 21 electrically connected to one of the third output terminals P3 and receiving commercial power, and switching a lamp, and the emergency power input terminal pair ( To drive one of the branch emergency power inputs 56b branched to one of the 56, 56 electrical connections to the fourth output terminal P4, the drive inductor L1 and the first, second, third and fourth. It has switches SW1, SW2, SW3, and SW4.

In addition, the second relay 70 functioning as a second switching unit includes two lines P1 among the first, second, third and fourth output terminals P1, P2, P3, and P4 in response to the second switching control signal SSC. In order to switch P2 so that the load is separated, the driving inductor L2 and the first and second switches SW5 and SW6 are provided.

In FIG. 7, the second relay 70 switches the first and second output terminals P1 and P2 so that the load is separated, but the third output terminal P3 or the fourth output terminal P4 is switched. The load may be separated. In addition, the load may be separated by switching only the first output terminal P1 or by switching all of the first, second, third, and fourth output terminals P1, P2, P3, and P4.

The control circuit unit 44 of FIG. 7 also performs the control flow as shown in FIG. 9, so that the switching operation of the second relay 70 is performed before and after the switching operation of the first relay 60 so that the emergency or commercial operation can be performed in the load separation state. Allow power switching.

On the other hand, in order to achieve the object of the present invention without disconnecting the load once during the main switching operation, the operation of separating the commercial input as a modified method can be taken. This is achieved only by changing the installation position of the second relay 70 to the front end of the first relay 60 in the circuit configuration of FIG. That is, the second relay 70 is connected between the commercial power input pair 50 and 52 and the input contacts b1 and b2 of the first relay 60, thereby switching the first relay 60. The commercial power input is separated from the input contacts b1 and b2 of the first relay 60 before the operation, and the commercial power input is input of the first relay 60 after the switching operation of the first relay 60. It is connected to the contacts (b1, b2).

Also, the configuration of FIG. 8 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of FIG. 5 except that the relay output structure is changed to five input four output lines and load line separation is performed for four lines. In the case of FIG. 8, it can be seen that unlike the case of FIG. 7 employing a DC relay, an AC relay is employed.

In FIG. 8, the second relay 70 serving as the second switching unit switches all of the first, second, third, and fourth output terminals P1, P2, P3, and P4 in response to the second switching control signal SSC. In order to allow the load to be separated, the driving inductor L2 and the first, second, third and fourth switches SW5, SW6, SW7 and SW8 are provided.

Similarly, the control circuit unit 44 of FIG. 8 also performs the control flow as shown in FIG. 9 so that the switching operation of the second relay 70 is performed before and after the switching operation of the first relay 60 in the load disconnection state. Allow emergency or commercial power supply switching.

In the first to fourth embodiments according to the present invention, the line P5 connected to the dimming switch or the like is added to the input of the APU 20 so that five inputs (a sum of a commercial power supply pair and an emergency power supply pair and one dimming line) are performed. Although the switching operation with respect to the above has been described, it should be noted that load separation can also be performed in the switching operation for four inputs (sum of only a commercial power pair and an emergency power pair) without being limited thereto. In addition, although a scheme for switching loads has been described mainly, the second switching part may be alternately installed at the front end of the first switching part, and the switching operation may be performed after first separating the commercial input.

According to the embodiments of the present invention, when the power is switched, the relay is prevented or minimized to ensure the relay contact life, and the short is prevented due to the delay after the load is interrupted, the operation stability, and due to the minimization of arc trouble Energy is saved and phase collision accidents at the distribution panel are prevented at the source.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the emergency load may further include an entrance door lock device, a video interphone, gas, crime prevention, disaster prevention equipment, etc., although not shown.

In the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure, the switching control operation including a load separation function may include a computer readable medium including program instructions for performing operations implemented by various computers. The computer readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc. alone or in combination. The program instructions on the media may be those specially designed and constructed for the purposes of the present invention, or they may be of the kind well-known and available to those having skill in the computer software arts.

In the above description, the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, for example. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be variously modified or changed within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. . For example, if the matter is different, the specific configuration of the relay for load separation or the selective insertion and deceleration of the delay time during the switching operation without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, as well as the dimming switch and various other switches You can further connect the output to the relay input of the APU.

1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional emergency power supply system connected to a dimming switch

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of power supply wiring in a general assembly provided to explain a phenomenon in which the emergency lamp in FIG. 1 may be damaged.

3 is an overall configuration diagram of an emergency power supply system to which the first and second embodiments of the present invention are applied;

4 is a detailed circuit diagram of a power supply automatic switching device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a detailed circuit diagram of an automatic power supply switching device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

6 is an overall configuration diagram of an emergency power supply system to which the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention are applied.

7 is a detailed circuit diagram of a power supply automatic switching device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a detailed circuit diagram of a power supply automatic switching device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a view illustrating an operation control flow of a control circuit unit shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 7, and 8

Claims (12)

A first switching unit electrically connecting one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair to the output terminal pair in response to the first switching control signal; A second switching unit configured to switch at least one line of the output pair in response to a second switching control signal so that the load is separated; A control circuit unit configured to apply the second switching control signal to the second switching unit before and after the first switching control signal is applied to the first switching unit so that the switching operation of the first switching unit is performed in an unconnected state. Automatic power supply switching device characterized in that it comprises a. The power supply automatic switching device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second switching units is a DC relay. The power supply automatic switching device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second switching units is an AC relay. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control circuit unit comprises a microprocessor that executes a built-in switching related program or a logic circuit that performs a preset switching related operation. A first switching unit electrically connecting one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair to the output terminal pair in response to the first switching control signal; A second switching unit configured to switch at least one line of the output pair in response to a second switching control signal so that the load is separated; When an event to switch the first switching unit occurs, the second switching control signal is first applied to the second switching unit so that the output terminal pair is electrically separated from the load, and then the first switching control signal is applied. And a control circuit for applying the second switching control signal to the second switching part so as to electrically connect between the output terminal pair and the load after the first switching part is applied to the first switching part. Power automatic switching device characterized in that. The power supply automatic switching device of claim 5, wherein the first and second switching control signals are signals through which current flows through an inductor constituting a relay coil. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the control circuit unit performs a control operation when emergency power is applied to the emergency power input pair. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first and second switching units are DC or AC relays, respectively. A first switching unit electrically connecting one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair to the output terminal pair in response to the first switching control signal; A second switching unit configured to switch the commercial power input pair in response to a second switching control signal to separate the commercial input; Before and after the first switching control signal is applied to the first switching part, the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part so that the switching operation of the first switching part is performed in an unconnected state of the commercial input. Power supply automatic switching device characterized in that it comprises a control circuit unit. A first switching unit electrically connecting one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair to the output terminal pair in response to the first switching control signal; A second switching unit configured to switch at least one line of the output pair in response to a second switching control signal so that the load is separated; When emergency power is applied to the emergency power input terminal pair or when commercial power is applied while the emergency power is connected to the load, the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part so as to be connected to the output terminal pair. The first switching control signal is applied to the first switching part after the load is electrically disconnected, and after the first switching part is switched, the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part to perform the And a control circuit for electrically connecting the output pair and the load. In response to the first switching control signal, one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair is electrically connected to the first and second output terminals, respectively, and connected to one output terminal of the dimming switch which receives commercial power and performs dimming operation of a lamp. A first switching unit electrically connecting one of the commercial power dimming input terminal and a branch emergency power input terminal branched to one of the emergency power input terminal pairs to a third output terminal; A second switching unit configured to switch at least one of the first, second, and third output terminals in response to a second switching control signal to separate the load; When emergency power is applied to the emergency power input terminal pair or when commercial power is applied while the emergency power is connected to the load, the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part to output the The first switching control signal is applied to the first switching part after the set delay time has elapsed between the one and the load, and after the first switching part is switched, the second switching control signal is set. And a control circuit unit which is applied to the second switching unit after the delay time passes so that the one of the output terminals and the load are electrically connected to each other. In response to the first switching control signal, one of the commercial power input terminal pair and the emergency power input terminal pair is electrically connected to the first and second output terminals, respectively, and the branch emergency power input terminal and the non-powered branch connected to one of the emergency power input pair. One of the branch power supply terminals electrically connected to one of the input terminals, the commercial power switching input terminal connected to one output terminal of a switch for switching a lamp by receiving commercial power, and a branch emergency power input branch connected to one of the emergency power input pair. A first switching unit electrically connecting the fourth output terminal to the fourth output terminal; A second switching unit configured to switch at least one of the first, second, third and fourth output terminals in response to a second switching control signal to separate the load; When emergency power is applied to the emergency power input terminal pair or when commercial power is applied while the emergency power is connected to the load, the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part to output the The first switching control signal is applied to the first switching part after the first switching part is electrically disconnected from the load, and the second switching control signal is applied to the second switching part after the first switching part is switched. And a control circuit unit which is electrically connected between one of the output terminals and the load.

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