BE1018335A5 - CHOPPER DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CUTTING ROD SHAPED PRODUCTS FOLLOWED BY A WIDTH DISTRIBUTION FACILITY. - Google Patents

Abstract

Device comprising: a rotor (2) with chopper blades distributed in a spaced apart manner, spaced apart from each other by means of a pendulum connection or fixed rigidly in pairs to the rotor housing, and a housing (10) rotatably receiving the rotor (2) having an inlet opening (10A) for the rod-shaped products and an outlet port (10B) for the cut products (11B). as well as counter-knives (12), fixed, cooperating with chopper knives, a dispensing installation (14) connected to the outlet orifice (10B) of the housing (10) and comprising quill plates (9) inclined relative to the axis (2A) of the rotor for the cut products (11B), the underside of these plates forming channels (14B) open on the downward end side a dihedral element (14A), for the removal of the products. In order to distribute the flow velocity of the cut products (11B) and to distribute them over a certain depositing width, the guide plates (9) of the dispensing system (14) are angled to the right and to the right. left ...

Description

"Chopper and method of cutting rod-shaped products followed by a width distribution system"

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a chopper device for reducing rod-shaped products with upstream a distribution system comprising: - a rotor with chopper knives installed in a distributed manner, spaced apart from each other connected to fixing lugs by a pendulum connection or rigidly fixed in pairs to the rotor housing, and - a housing receiving the rotor rotationally, having an inlet opening for the rod-shaped products, an outlet for the cut products as well as that counter-knives, fixed, cooperating with chopper knives, - a distribution facility connected to the outlet of the housing and having guide plates inclined relative to the axis of the rotor for the cut products, the below these plates forming channels open on the end side down below, a dihedral element, for the removal of the products.

The invention also relates to a method of cutting rod-shaped products comprising a downstream distribution installation comprising: - a rotor with chopper knives mounted in a pendular manner to fixing lugs or rigidly in pairs to the casing of the rotor, the knives being spaced from each other, - a housing in which the rotor is rotatably mounted, having an inlet for the rod-shaped products and an outlet for the cut products, as well as against -couteaux, fixed, cooperating with chopper knives, - a distribution facility downstream of the outlet of the housing, and having guide plates inclined relative to the axis of rotation for the cut products, these sheets forming below a dihedral element, channels open on the end side, downwards to deposit the products.

Thus, the chopper device comprises a rotor with chopper knives installed by a pendular attachment to the fastening lugs or rigidly in pairs or separately at the periphery of the rotor leaving an interval between the knives. The invention also relates to a rotor rotatably housed in a housing and having an inlet for the rod-shaped products and an outlet for the cut products. Fixed counter-knives cooperate with the knives. The chopper device also includes a distribution or distribution system which follows the outlet of the housing; this distribution system comprises guide plates inclined by contribution to the axis of the rotor for the cut products; these sheets form open bottom channels below a dihedral element to deposit the products.

State of the art

Chopper devices of the type defined above according to DE 199 06 453 B4 are known. This document describes a distribution and cutting device whose drum comprises chopper knives distributed at the periphery and with a straight disposition; these knives cooperate with fixed counter-knives. Instead of pendulum chopper knives, it is also possible to fix fixed drive plates on the drum. The ejection orifice of the cutting device or reduction device is provided downstream of the dispensing device with guide plates suspended from a cover plate. These sheets are open channels downward and rearward and they are bent to the right or to the left in top view so as to achieve a width distribution of the cut products. The problem solved according to the document, is that the guide plates, curved, in the case of products to be transferred, very wet or green and heavy, deposit the chopped products in a radial arrangement on the ground. The problem of the strips is solved in that the guide plates have at their rear end obliquely inclined end edges which, in combination with the angled arrangement of the guide plates, produce a transverse spread of the product arriving at this location.

CA 2 339 437 A1 discloses a chopper device which does not correspond to the type defined above. It performs a regular distribution in width by chopper knives installed in pairs along the axis of the rotor and having different twisted shapes. This document indicates that by giving a twist to the chopper knives, air streams are generated so that near the ends of the rotor a stream of air directed axially outwards is formed. sufficient intensity and having a directional component towards the side wall of the housing. The vein of air near the middle of the rotor must be smaller than that at the edges. For the rest, there will be as many as possible of chopper knives without torsion (especially in the central area of the rotor) to reduce the cost of manufacture and drive energy.

Purpose of rinvention

The present invention aims to improve the removal of cut products on the field according to a predefined width and regular thickness and density, in the case of a chopper device of the type defined above.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION To this end, the invention relates to a chopper device of the type defined above, characterized in that to distribute the flow rate of the cut products and to ensure their distribution over a certain width of removal, the plates of guiding the dispensing system angled to the right and to the left with respect to the rotor casing, curved and not curved, are combined with torso-shaped chopper knives carried by the rotor casing.

Thus, the invention is based on the basic idea that at least some of the chopper knives has a torso shape known per se by producing a knife zone inclined relative to the axis of rotation with a twist according to the longitudinal extension of the rotor so as to generate different air veins in the different width zones in combination with the downstream guide plates.

To improve the width distribution, the combination of the rotor envelope segments, at the ends, provides a higher airflow rate than in the intermediate envelope segment. Particularly preferably, the air streams are adapted to the direction of the guide plates or the air streams generate an increased transfer air flow without adapting to the direction of the guide plates.

The present invention makes it possible to produce a dense layer of cut products having a relatively regular thickness, and which allows relatively large deposition widths, mainly according to the cutting width for stem-shaped harvest products compared to the width of the product. chopper device.

It is particularly advantageous to have air velocity distributions for which the velocity of the air increases substantially in a parabolic pattern between the middle of the rotor and the ends of the rotor. But the invention also allows embodiments for which the depositing width is equal to or less than the cutting width.

The guide plates of the dispensing plant can be bent in a regular manner by being associated substantially in a parallel arrangement; but the guide plates can also be diverged beyond the path zone, that is to say that they have an angle increasing with respect to the normal of the surface of the rotor.

The expression "chopper knives" or "pendulum knives" denotes in the sense of the invention, knives attached to the rotor of a chopper device and which comprise at least one segment arranged relative to the direction of rotation so that the corresponding chopper knife generates for a certain operating state, a stream of air in the manner of a fan blade. This stream or air stream expels the cut products from the chopper device with an additional pulse. The cooperation of the air stream thus generated and downstream guide plates ensures a continuous ejection of the chopped products. It is particularly advantageous to obtain a homogeneous width, thickness and density for the product mats since small amounts of discontinuous cut products which the chopping device can produce have an unfavorable effect.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, having a specific inventive meaning, the chopper knives or the chopper knife pairs alternate along the rotor so that pairs of knives installed relative to each other according to a provision in V, on the casing segments, end side of the rotor and between these segments, are intermediate segments with chopper knives having a twist on one side or pairs of torsion chopper knives of the same which are installed to generate respectively a transfer air stream with a directional component facing the adjacent end of the rotor.

Preferably, in a central casing segment located between the intermediate segments of the rotor, there are chopper knives forming pairs of knives distributed at the periphery of the rotor being arranged relative to one another in a form of V. In contrast to the state of the art, according to the invention, in the two intermediate zones of the rotor between the central zone and the end zones, air streams directed outwards and inclined relative to each other are generated. to the rotor axis; they correspond substantially to the direction of the guide plates in this area so that the change of direction imposed on this air stream by the guide plates is almost inevitable. On the other hand, in the end zones, the air veins which are practically non-deflected are generated by chopper knives arranged in a V-shape so that the guiding plates impose in these two zones a significant transverse component to the vein d. generated air. The V shape of the twisted zones of each pair of chopper knives, however, sufficiently increases the air flow so that the kinetic energy of the chopped products is sufficiently large despite the deflection forces imposed by the guide plates so that the cut products can be ejected far enough. In other words, in the two end zones of the rotor, greater flow velocities are achieved by the V-shaped arrangement of the pair of chopper knives, torsos. In these two areas, the chopper knives generate no flow with flow components directed in the direction of the rotor axis.

The lateral deflection of the air stream is obtained at this point only by the guide plates situated downstream and directed outwards. The flow energy required to meet this required deviation is provided by the V-shape of the chopper knife pairs. In the two rotor zones that follow the middle of the rotor at the end zones, the chopper knives are twisted in pairs each time to generate a stream of air with directional components turned to the side. The downstream guide plates must also impose on this vein of air weak deviation forces to predefine the spreading fan of the vein of chopped products in this area, already by the only twist of chopper knives. This deflection is accentuated by the guide plates. At the center of the rotor, the chopper knife pairs generate a vein of air without a transverse component so that in all cases the deflection by the downstream guide plates is negligible. Such a principle of "five zones" resulting from a combination, generates different flow directions and flow velocities by the pendulum knives and a more or less accentuated deviation by the guide plates which represents a particular inventive meaning .

A better distribution in width is achieved if instead of four rows of pairs of chopper knives distributed at the periphery, there is a regular arrangement of six rows of chopper knife pairs at the periphery of the rotor. The number of pairs of chopper knives per row preferably varies from row to row so that the chopper pair pairs are distributed at the periphery of the rotor substantially in a helical pattern, especially a double shaped pattern. propeller.

The invention also relates to a method of the type defined above, characterized in that a high flow velocity is generated in the two end segments of the rotor casing by the V-shaped pairs of knives. of the torso-shaped chopper, and in the two rotor casing segments adjacent to the end zones with respect to the middle of the rotor, is generated by chopper-shaped chopper knives, on one side, a stream of air with directional components turned towards the side so that the downstream flow guide plates also induce in this vein of air, weak deflection forces to predefine in this zone the fan-spreading of the flow of products cut by the torso shape of the chopper knives by completing the guide plates, and in the central area of the rotor, chopper knives generate a vein of air without transverse components to have In all cases, a slight deflection by the downstream guide plates.

The embodiments described above according to the invention use parts whose dimensions, shapes, choice of materials and technical design are not subject to any particular exception so that the selection criteria known in their field of ?? application will be applicable without limitation. drawings

The present invention will be described hereinafter with the aid of an exemplary embodiment of a chopper device shown in the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 shows a chopper device with downstream a spread distribution system the assembly being viewed from the side and partially cut away; - FIG. 2 is a view of a cutting and width distribution installation according to FIG. 1, seen from below and partly broken away; FIG. FIG. 1 shows the development of the rotor of FIGS. 1 and 2 with downstream guide plates, according to one embodiment of the invention. FIG. schematically, - Figure 5 shows a single chopper knife of the cutting and width distribution system according to Figures 1 to 4 according to different views, - Figure 6 shows a speed chart for a neck installation. pe and width distribution according to Figures 1 to 4 according to the width of the outlet of the ejection channel, and - Figure 7 shows the tablecloth deposited products cut behind a mower.

Detailed description of an embodiment

The chopper device 1 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 comprises a cylindrical rotor 2 provided with several rows of fastening tabs 3. These rows of fastening tabs are distributed substantially evenly around the periphery of the rotor 2. In the embodiment shown, the rotor 2 has 6 rows R1-R6 of fixing lugs 3 (see the development shown in Figure 4). Each row comprises a large number of fixing lugs 3. In the embodiment shown, there is alternation of 7 and 8 fixing lugs.

As shown in Figure 3, each bracket carries a pair of pendulum knives 4 made as torso-shaped chopper knives. The cutting edges of the knives are turned towards each other or the two edges are respectively directed to the right or are respectively directed to the left in a disposition at an angle to the direction of rotation. It is also possible to have in the same pair a combination of a torsion chopper knife and a chopper knife without torsion. It can also have in addition to the fin-shaped elements, installed in an inclined position relative to the direction of rotation to create an additional air vein at the rotor (this solution is not shown).

FIG. 4 shows the development of a rotor 2 comprising 6 rows of fixing lugs R1-R6 for the knives with pendulum movement 4.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the row of fixing lugs RI comprises the following pairs of knives. Five pairs of knives 6 each formed of a twisting knife to the left and a twisting knife to the right that is to say knives made in a V-shape; two of the pairs are provided on the end segments A 'and A "of the rotor 2, one of these pairs is provided on the central segment B of the rotor 2. Two pairs of knives 7 each consisting of two knives twist to the left are provided on a segment C 'between the central segment B and the end segment A' of the rotor. A pair of knives 8 consisting of two knives to the right twist is provided on the other segment C "located between the central segment B and the other end segment A" of the rotor 2.

The chopper knife 4A of FIG. 5, known from DE 2005 010 055 U1, has a twist to the left along its longitudinal axis. As shown by way of example in Figure 3, the knife attachment row as shown comprises both pairs of knives 7, 8 to twist to the left and two pairs of knives 7, 8 to twist to the right as well as a central pair 5 of knives and pairs of end knives 6. The central pair and end pairs each consist of a left-handed 4A knife and a right-handed 4B knife.

The different pairs and arrangements of the pendulum knives 4A and 4B generate different air veins depending on the length of the rotor; in combination with the guide plates 9 of the chopper device 1, these knife veins ensure the advantageous removal of cut products on the field as described above.

Products are removed in optimal conditions if air streams are generated whose flow velocity increases from the middle of the outlet orifice of the chopper ejection channel to the vertical edges. of the orifice in the manner of a parable. Figure 6 shows such a distribution of airflow velocity. Depending on the dimensioning of the outlet orifice or assembly of the chopper device, the optimum distribution of the air flow is adapted. Figure 7 shows the result of the deposit obtained in practice thanks to the invention.

In the context of the invention, one can also consider usefully other combinations of guide plates and chopper knives torso shape. With reference to the five zones A ', C', B, C ", A" shown in FIG. 5, it turns out that each time in combination with the sheet metal distribution systems, the combinations of zones or the combinations of corresponding arrangements of torso-shaped chopper knives which are particularly advantageous: - the combination of the zones A ', B, A "results in ejection in a straight line towards the guide plates 9 and thus at an ejection distance varying according to the width; the combination of the zones C ', B, C "leads in combination with the guide plates to a spreading and a removal of the products in a relatively wide arrangement; the combination of the zones C ', C "is translated in connection with the guide plates by the development of a double strip of product deposition; the combination of the zones C ", C 'with accentuation of the air flows towards the middle of the rotor results in a channeling of the removal of the products on a narrow band; the guide plates further accentuate this effect if they are adapted in the direction of this air flow.

Overall, the invention offers multiple opportunities to improve the removal of cut products on the field and to adapt this application to the application.

NOMENCLATURE

1 Chopper device 2 Rotor 2A Rotor shaft 2B Rotor housing 3 Mounting brackets 4 Pendulum knives 4A Torsion knives on the left 4B Torsion knives on the right

5 Arrangement of V-shaped knives

6 V-shaped knife arrangement

7 Pairs of Twisted Knives on the Left 8 Pairs of Twisted Knives on the Right 9 Guide Plates 10A Inlet Hole 10B Outlet Orifice 1 IB Cut Products 12 Counter Knife 14 Dispense System 14A Stirrup Element 14B Channels R1-R6 Rows of knives A ', A "End-end-side rotor casing segments Central segments of the rotor casing C', C" Intermediate segments of the rotor casing

Claims (8)

CLAIMS Γ) Chopper device for reducing products in the form of rods with upstream distribution system comprising: - a rotor (2) with chopper blades distributed in a distributed manner, spaced apart from each other connected to fixing lugs (3) by a pendular connection or rigidly fixed in pairs to the rotor housing, and - a housing (10) rotatably receiving the rotor (2), having an inlet opening (10A) for the rod-shaped products, an outlet port (10B) for the cut products (11B) as well as counter-knives (12), fixed, cooperating with the chopper knives, - a dispensing installation (14) connected to the outlet port (10B) of the housing (10) and having guide plates (9) inclined relative to the axis (2A) of the rotor for the cut products (1 IB), the underside of these sheets forming channels (14B) open at the end end downward s, a dihedral element (14A), for the removal of the products, to distribute the flow rate of cut products (1 IB) and to ensure their distribution over a certain width of removal, the guide plates (9) of the dispensing system (14) angled to the right and to the left with respect to the rotor casing (2B), curved and not curved, being combined with chopper knives (4; 4A, 4B) carried by the rotor casing (2B), and at least a portion of the chopper knives (4A, 4B) being torso-shaped in a manner known per se and producing blade areas inclined relative to each other. to the direction of rotation, characterized in that along the rotor (2) the chopper knives or the pairs of knives (6, 7, 8) alternate so as to have pairs of knives (6) arranged with respect to a V-shape, in the shell segments (A ', A ") on the end side of the rotor (2), and between these segments, there are intermediate segments (C', C ") with chopper knives (4A; 4B) of a torso shape turned on one side or pairs of torso-shaped chopper knives directed in the same direction and installed so as to generate respectively a transfer air vein with a directional component directed towards the neighboring ends of the rotor, the combination of guiding and arranging torso-shaped chopper knives, giving at the end segments of the rotor casing (A ', A ") a greater air velocity than in the central segment (B ) of the rotor casing. 2 °) chopper device according to the preamble of claims 1 or 2, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor casing (2B) is subdivided into segments of length (A ', A "; B; C' , C ") in which, the direction of flow and the flow velocity generated by the chopper knives (4, 4A, 4B), torso-shaped, and a more or less pronounced flow deviation, generated by the guide plates (9) are combined in different ways. 3) chopper device according to claims 1 and 2, comprising pairs of chopper knives installed in a row, characterized in that the number of pairs of chopper knives per row varies in particular from one row to another. 4) chopper device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mincer knives or chopper knife pairs are distributed at the periphery of the rotor substantially in a helical distribution including a double helix shape. 5 °) chopper device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized by a parabolic distribution of the flow velocities generated by the torso-shaped knives along the length of the rotor, between the lateral limits and the middle of the ejection channel of the device chopper. 6 °) chopper device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a central casing segment (B) of the rotor (2), located between the intermediate segments (C '; C ") comprises pairs of knives (6) arranged relative to each other in a V-shape constituting the chopper knives at the periphery of the rotor. 7 °) chopper device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rotor (2) has non-cutting blades to generate a transfer air stream having directional components directed perpendicular to the axis rotation (2A) or to the adjacent end of the rotor. 8 °) A method of cutting rod-shaped products comprising a downstream distribution plant, and having - a rotor (2) with chopper knives mounted in a pendular manner to fastening lugs (3) or rigidly in pairs to the rotor casing, the blades being spaced from each other, - a casing (10) in which the rotor (2) is rotatably mounted, having an inlet (10A) for the rod-shaped products and an outlet port (10B) for the cut products (11 B), as well as counter-knives (12), fixed cooperating with the chopper knives, - a delivery device (14) downstream of the outlet (10B) of the housing (10), and having guide plates (9) inclined relative to the axis of rotation (2A) for the cut products (11B), these sheets forming below a dihedral element (14A), channels (14B) open on the end side, downward to deposit the products, features erected by generating in both end segments of the rotor casing a high flow velocity by the V-shaped pairs of torso-shaped chopper knives, and in the two casing segments of the casing. rotor adjacent to the end regions relative to the middle of the rotor is generated by chopper-shaped chopper knives, on one side, a stream of air with directional components turned to the side so that the guide plates flow, downstream, also induce in this vein of air, weak deflection forces to predefine in this area! .,. The fan-spreading of the product stream cut by the chisel shape of the chopping knives by completing with the guide plates, and in the central zone of the rotor, the chopper knives generate air vein without transverse components to have in all cases a small deviation by the downstream guide plates. • ·; · '!