David Applegate, Omar E. Pol and N. J. A. Sloane, <a href="http://neilsloane.com/docA000695/tootha000695_1.pdf
David Applegate, Omar E. Pol and N. J. A. Sloane, <a href="http://neilsloane.com/docA000695/tootha000695_1.pdf
David Applegate, Omar E. Pol and N. J. A. Sloane, <a href="http://neilsloane.com/doc/tooth.pdf">The Toothpick Sequence and Other Sequences from Cellular Automata</a>, Congressus Numerantium, Vol. 206 (2010), 157-191. [There is a typo in Theorem 6: (13) should read u(n) = 4.3^(wt(n-1)-1) for n >= 2.]
N. J. A. Sloane, <a href="http://neilsloane.com/docwiki/toothlist.htmlCatalog
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Given m = floor( (sqrt(8*n+1)-1)/2 ), then a(n) = m + (n - m*(m+1)/2)*(m-1). - [__Carl R. White_, Jul 24 2010]
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T(n,k) is the number of distinct sums in the direct sum of {1, 2, ... n} with itself k times for 1 <= k <= n+1, i.e., g., T(5,3) = the number of distinct sums in the direct sum {1,2,3,4,5} + {1,2,3,4,5} + {1,2,3,4,5}. The sums range from 1+1+1=3 to 5+5+5=15. So there are 13 distinct sums. - Derek Orr, Nov 26 2014
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