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El activismo digital en favor de las lenguas indígenas ha venido cobrando mayor protagonismo gracias a un crecimiento exponencial en los últimos años y a la accesibilidad y centralidad de los ámbitos de uso digitales en la comunicación... more
El activismo digital en favor de las lenguas indígenas ha venido cobrando mayor protagonismo gracias a un crecimiento exponencial en los últimos años y a la accesibilidad y centralidad de los ámbitos de uso digitales en la comunicación diaria. Activistas que trabajan a favor de lenguas minorizadas utilizan cada vez más plataformas digitales y, en particular, redes sociales, como Facebook, Twitter/X o TikTok para promover su aprendizaje, potenciar sus usos y su visibilización y sensibilizar sobre su precaria situación. Sin duda, el uso de estas nuevas tecnologías ha abierto espacios relevantes y significativos para la revalorización y desestigmatización de estas lenguas, a menudo tildadas de “atrasadas” o no “aptas” para entornos comunicativos no tradicionales. Nuestro caso de estudio es la península de Yucatán, en México, donde el maya es la principal lengua indígena. A pesar del sustancial número de hablantes, más de 770.000 según el último censo oficial (INEGI, 2020), y de la relativa vitalidad de esta lengua tanto en la península como en la diáspora (Eberhard et al., 2022), el desplazamiento hacia el español en la península es una tendencia que continúa de manera implacable, al menos aparentemente, a pesar de un prestigio social relativamente arraigado en distintos sectores de la sociedad yucateca en la región. En este marco, han surgido varias iniciativas de activismo digital de promoción de la lengua maya en estos nuevos espacios de uso. Este trabajo investiga las posibilidades de inclusión de la lengua maya en estos ámbitos, así como algunos retos y paradojas de estas estrategias de base que son lideradas por activistas comprometidos con el fortalecimiento de la lengua maya peninsular. Digital activism in support of indigenous languages has been gaining prominence thanks to exponential growth in recent years and the accessibility and centrality of digital spheres of use in everyday communication. Activists working on behalf of minority languages are increasingly using digital platforms and social networks such as Facebook, Twitter/X or TikTok in particular to promote their learning, enhance their use and visibility, and raise awareness of their precarious situation. Undoubtedly, the use of these new technologies has opened up relevant and significant spaces for the revalorisation and destigmatisation of these languages, often branded as “backward” or “unsuitable” for non-traditional communicative environments. Our case study is the Yucatán peninsula in Mexico, where Yucatec Maya is the main indigenous language. Despite the substantial number of speakers, more than 770,000 according to the latest official census (INEGI, 2020), and the relative vitality of this language both on the peninsula and among the diaspora (Eberhard et al., 2022), the shift towards Spanish on the peninsula is a trend that continues relentlessly, at least apparently, despite a relatively entrenched social prestige in different sectors of Yucatecan society in the region. Within this framework, several digital activism initiatives have emerged to promote Maya in these new domains of use. This paper investigates the possibilities for the inclusion of Yucatec Maya language in these spheres, as well as some of the challenges and paradoxes of these grassroots strategies that are led by activists committed to strengthening the peninsular Mayan language.
Título del artículo en inglés: Revitalization of indigenous languages through music in Mexico. Resumen El presente artículo presenta la experiencia artística innovadora que ofrecen géneros musicales modernos como el rap y el rock,... more
Título del artículo en inglés: Revitalization of indigenous languages through music in Mexico. Resumen El presente artículo presenta la experiencia artística innovadora que ofrecen géneros musicales modernos como el rap y el rock, desarrollado por jóvenes autores hablantes de lenguas indígenas, que con sus creaciones, contribuyen de manera autónoma, placentera y empoderada a la revalorización positiva de su identidad y a la promoción de sus idiomas. Asimismo, analizamos críticamente algunas limitaciones y deficiencias de proyectos de documentación lingüística, abogando en su lugar por estrategias y esfuerzos de revitalización generados desde la base, y en colaboración con los hablantes para abordar de manera más eficiente la recuperación y fortalecimiento de las lenguas originarias.
In this paper we provide a critical account of selected key linguistic and cultural revitalisation experiences in Mexico. For this aim, the project entitled Proyecto de Revitalización, Mantenimiento y Desarrollo Lingüístico y Cultural... more
In this paper we provide a critical account of selected key linguistic and
cultural revitalisation experiences in Mexico. For this aim, the project
entitled Proyecto de Revitalización, Mantenimiento y Desarrollo
Lingüístico y Cultural (Linguistic and Cultural Revitalisation, Maintenance
and Development Project), which has been developed for over two
decades, is briefly reviewed. We also analyse some recent youth musical
creations, most notably hip hop and rock, and their dissemination via
social media. Together with the collaborations that such initiatives have
established with different actors in Mexico and around the world, a brief
review of revitalisation methodologies and their outcomes is presented.
We consider the specific contexts, achievements and challenges of these
efforts, hoping to provide an overall evaluation of best practices for
language revitalisation. Highlighting their impact in reversing language
shift, as a critical reflection on crucial language revitalisation issues, this
review also serves to evaluate our own recent efforts, especially in the
blossoming realm of the arts and the media.
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This paper explores the sociolinguistic practices of a group of young bilingual rappers in the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico. Against the background of ongoing language shift to Spanish in the region, the language choices of a group of... more
This paper explores the sociolinguistic practices of a group of young bilingual rappers
in the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico. Against the background of ongoing language
shift to Spanish in the region, the language choices of a group of Maya youths
involved in Hip Hop culture and their agency as policy-makers at the grassroots level
is analysed. While language mixing and hybridisation are everyday communicative
practices for Maya speakers, rapping either completely in Maya or in a clear-cut
alternation between Spanish and Maya is a conscious strategy for language promotion
among these youths. I argue that the language choices in their music performances,
which are underpinned by an essentialist outlook on language contact, accrue
authenticity and legitimacy to Maya and can ultimately work towards the revitalisation
of this language
Research Interests:
This paper looks at current grassroots efforts to revitalise Yucatec Maya, an indigenous language of Mexico, in social media and more specifically on Facebook. In contrast to the limitations of institutional language promotion, the... more
This paper looks at current grassroots efforts to revitalise Yucatec Maya, an indigenous language of Mexico, in social media and more specifically on Facebook. In contrast to the limitations of institutional language promotion, the inclusion of Maya on Facebook shows the possibilities that social networks offer not only for actual use of minoritised languages but also for advocacy and activism, particularly among indigenous youth. The concept of heteroglossia is also introduced to explain the plurilingual practices of youngsters in Yucatán based on their increasingly complex linguistic repertoire. The main argument is that grassroots initiatives of language revitalisation that focus on local contexts, horizontal linguistic practices, and speakers as final agents are particularly significant in a country with deeply entrenched vertical and often tokenistic policies aimed at the promotion of indigenous languages and cultures.
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