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EEG Coherence Study in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Heterogeneity of the Group

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Abstract

From the total group of children (aged 4 years 5 months to 7 years 9 months; average age, 6 years 1 month) with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), we selected two subgroups, in one of which further development was supposed to follow the schizotypal type (ST group), and the other group was expected to develop according to the autistic type (AT group). We found multidirectional changes in the coherence of paired connections of the cerebral cortex. The greatest changes in comparison with the norm were observed in the AT group: in most of the studied rhythms, the increase in interhemispheric coherence was observed in the occipital and occipitocentral regions and its decrease, in the frontal divisions; intrahemispheric coherence increases more in the right hemisphere and decreases more markedly in the left hemisphere. The most significant changes in coherence in the AT group were found at the θ- and γ-rhythm frequencies in the speech area (T3–T5). In the ST group, changes in the direction of increasing interhemispheric and intrahemispheric connections are more pronounced than in the direction of their reduction. Coherence changes are more salient in the AT group than in the ST group, apparently due to an earlier manifestation of developmental pathology in autism than in schizophrenia. The findings are discussed from the perspective of the theory of two alternative approaches, hyper- and hypoconnectivity, as ASD markers.

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Funding

The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 20-013-00395А) and the federal budget funds for the state assignment for 2019–2021 (project no. АААА-А17-117092040004-0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485, Moscow, Russia

    E. A. Luschekina & V. B. Strelets

  2. Center for Psychological and Neurological Assistance, 119602, Moscow, Russia

    V. S. Luschekin

Authors
  1. E. A. Luschekina
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Correspondence to E. A. Luschekina.

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COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDS

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the biomedical ethics principles formulated in the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments and approved by the local bioethics commission of the Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). Protocol of the meeting of the Ethics Commission no. 3 of July 15, 2019.

INFORMED CONSENT

Each parent (legal representative) of the study participant provided a voluntary written informed consent signed by him after explaining to him the potential risks and benefits, as well as the nature of the upcoming study.

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Translated by E. Babchenko

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Luschekina, E.A., Luschekin, V.S. & Strelets, V.B. EEG Coherence Study in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Heterogeneity of the Group. Hum Physiol 47, 137–146 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119721020067

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119721020067

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