JEWEL KUMAR ROY

The performance of the company is required to be assessed, evaluated and observed to gain information about what needs to be done in order to develop further. As one of the most crucial business segment in the economy, banks, and their performances are considered to be taken into further study. This study attempts to classify how good the banks sampled performance. Then, by measuring its performance through ratio analysis in the form of return on assets, net interest margin, return on equity, capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loan, loan-to-deposit ratio, and a market measure in form of economic value added, this study expects to observe the influences of those measurements toward banks' performances in terms of total assets, total debts, and interest expense. This research uses historical data on financial reports of the banks that compiled over a period of 8 years (2008-2015).Authors observed that value added is created when a company's project yields profit, as reflected in a positive influence on PER. They also found that there are causal relationships and the respective contribution and magnitude of each variable that affects performance. Authors suggested that each variable comprising, assets, earnings, capital, liquidity and sensitivity may be analysed separately in order to gain an understanding of how each respective variable actually contributes to performance.

The modern socioeconomic development for an emerging country like Bangladesh depends on social entrepreneurship. The purpose of the study is to find out technological, personal, psychological and socio-economic factors have an impact on Social Entrepreneurship. The impact on social entrepreneurship by technological factors i.e. access to internet (95.5%), technological development (89.4%) and digital literacy (86%); the personal and psychological factors i.e. leadership quality (93.1%), networking (25.8%), innovativeness (64.5%) and internal locus of control (15.1%); the socioeconomic factors i.e. legitimacy of entrepreneurship (86.6%), social responsibility (52.4%), social education and technical qualifications (45%), social security (46.%), social class system (41%), social marginality (38.7%) and social mobility (-12%). The technological factors are highly influenced for the growth of social entrepreneurship than the personal, psychological and socioeconomic factors.

To protect the environment, it is time to work on an issue as green bond, which as a financial instrument is much safer than any other green instruments. Green bonds are usually issued to raise capital for solving a specific local or global environmental disaster and are usually backed by government institutions. In near future, it is expected that green bonds will be available in Bangladesh financial market as an investment instrument.

Abstract:
Day of the week effect is an important calendar anomaly that has been observed in many stock markets in all over the world. Investors around the world are
more concerned about the day which is best for trading because stock markets are speculative market. The primary objective of this paper is to find out the significant day of the week effect in the emerging stock market of a developing country like
Bangladesh. This study tests the presence of the day effect on stock market volatility by using the DSE market index during the period of June 2004 to March 2015. The findings show that the day effect is present in both volatility and return equations.
While the highest and lowest returns are observed on Thursday and Monday respectively, the highest and the lowest volatility are observed on Monday and Wednesday respectively. Further investigation of sub-periods reinforces our findings that the volatility pattern across the days of the week is statistically different.

Global health pandemic and its financial effects are set to run ruin the overall financial market on the world, tossing numerous into a downturn and potentially financial downturn. Financial specialists are alarm selling recently because the corona virus is driving the worldwide financial market into a downturn. After all, the quantities of tainted and spending cases rise strongly and recuperation from the pandemic stays dubious even in created nations, proof of stuns across economies including China, Europe, and also the United States of America is as of now rising. This paper seeks to prescribe a general interpretation of the possible financial markets, gold, silver, and crude oil that put back unpredictability. Then again, the macroeconomic stun of the pandemic, covering monetary exercises or zones including request, supply, production network, exchange, venture, value level, trade rates, and money related soundness and hazard, financial development, and worldwide participation. The paper first presents a general and hypothetical mapping of the presumable macroeconomic effects of the pandemic on an influenced economy and afterward audits the developing proof like the effect mapping to grasp the concept of the consequences. Markets are unstable, and it's difficult to inform where they are going.

The Banking sector of Bangladesh is trapped in a gridlock of non-performing loans (NPLs) so much so that NPL accounts for 11.60 percent of the total volume of classified loans. This problem has started to be widening with an evil trend of loan embezzlement among the industrial borrowers in our country. Frequent scam series in banking industry is surely a red light and unfortunately the commercial banks are highly surrounded by it. The goal of the study is to analyze the impact of non-performing loan (NPL) on profitability where in this study considered net interest margin (NIM). This paper attempts to find out the time series scenario of non-performing loans (NPLs), its growth, provisions and relation with banks profitability by using some ratios and a linear regression model of econometric technique. The empirical results represent that non-performing loan (NPL) as percentage of total loans on listed banks in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) is very high and they holds more than 50 % of total non-performing loans (NPLs) of the listed 30 banks in Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) for year 2008 to 2013. Moreover it is one of the major factors of influencing banks profitability and it has statistically significant negative impact on net profit margin (NPM) of listed banks for the study periods.

The concept of PPP in Bangladesh has been widely recognized as a natural response to meet the colossal demand for housing, government's dwindling budgetary capacity, massive demand coming from a section of the society for better quality of services and a need for a catalyst to boost macroeconomic conditions. The city has been in the forefront of housing market revival and prime government agencies have, under the PPP framework, assumed a unique facilitating role without undermining the pervasive influence of the regulatory ideology. As the influential partner in implementation, the government is able to revise regulations related to land supply, building materials, target groups, affordability, building bye laws and regulatory framework as and when necessary. This paper investigates the dynamics of the public private interplay that has resulted from the Bangladesh Government's Public Private Partnership policy in supplying affordable housing in all over Bangladesh. Overall, its considerable success in the city paints a rosy picture as the joint approach brings together the technical and managerial expertise of the private sector with the accountability and fair pricing (obligation) of the public sector to improve the delivery of good quality housing. It is interesting to observe how two opposite forces have blended and are growing in the midst of prospect and constraints, conflict and cooperation, that are, oddly enough, set within the socialist institutional context. However, housing production under the PPP model is impressive in terms of costs and quality but is miniscule in terms of numbers. 1.0 PREAMBLE The emergence of a new wave of partnership in urban housing sector across Bangladesh saw in last few years. The capital city of Bangladesh has been in the forefront of housing market revival with its own Public Private Partnership (PPP) " model, " regarded highly successful nationally. This country is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. Interventions will be required over a long time for adaptation and mitigation. They will need to adopt different approaches to programming, while the ongoing development initiatives will need to be sensitive to climate change. One such approach is Public Private Partnership (PPP). A public–private partnership (PPP) is a government service or private business venture which is funded and operated through a partnership of government and one or more private sector companies. In a partnership, " public and private actors (parties) share costs, revenues and responsibilities, " whereas, in the case of privatization, full responsibility over provisions is transferred to the private sector (Bult Spiering and Dewulf, 2006). Public Private Partnership (PPP) involves contract between a public sector authority and a private party in which the private party provides and produces a public service or project and may assume substantial financial, technical or operational risks. The variations on this theme are almost endless and are constantly being expanded around the world – Bangladesh is arguably the world's emerging PPP implementer. The Policy and Strategy for Public Private Partnership (PPP) to facilitate the development of core sector public infrastructure and services vital for the people of Bangladesh. The PPP program is part of the Government's Vision 2021 goal to ensure a more rapid, inclusive growth trajectory, and to better meet the need for enhanced, high quality public services in a fiscally sustainable manner (Government of Bangladesh, 2010). As the main portal to information on the national PPP program, this includes new policies and procedures for realizing PPP projects; institutions supporting the PPP programme; proposed pilot PPP projects; news on PPP developments in Bangladesh. In the future, this website will serve as the main clearinghouse for information on upcoming PPP project tenders and financing vehicles.