sana ehsan

Soils are extensively contaminated with different types of heavy metals worldwide and causing a severe disturbance to living biota of world. It is the need of time to remediate the soils from these contaminants; the most reputed cheap and economically feasible method is phytoremediation and phytoextraction of these contaminants. Different types of plants are used to remediate these contaminates from soils that are mostly known as hyperaccumulator. In most soils different types of metals are less bioavailable for plant uptake such as Pb, while Cd and Zn are readily bioavailable for plants in some soils. There is a need to make this process more time efficient and beneficial, the addition of chelating agent is required that can speed up this process. Chemical Chelator like EDTA has the capability to boost up the uptake by dissolving components of metals and has proven to enhance the metal accumulation. Addition of EDTA results in increase in plant growth parameters, dry matter stress ...

Water is necessary to all living organisms in the world and it constitute about 50-97% of all plants and animals by weight and about 70% of human body. The present Study was carried out at EPD, Faisalabad to estimate the fresh and ground water quality for drinking and domestic purposes of different areas of Faisalabad City. Total twenty four water samples were collected randomly and were subjected to analyze for various parameters like, EC, Compensated EC, DO, TDS, ORP (mV), Salinity, pH. EC, Compensated Electrical Conductivity and Salinity were estimated by conductivity / salinity / TDS / temp. Portable meter model JENCO 3010. pH was determined by using pH meter and ORP (mV) was recorded by pH/ mV/ Temperature portable meter. DO was analyzed by Heavy Duty Dissolved Oxygen Meter model EXTECH 407510.TDS was determined by evaporation method. Maximum pH recorded in Kanank Basti ground water samples and the minimum pH noted in kukianwala ground water samples similarly maximum pH was rec...

Rising temperatures are causing distress across the world, and for those most vulnerable, it is a silent killer. Information about indoor air temperature in residential dwellings is of interest for a range of reasons, such as health, thermal comfort and coping practices. However, there have been only few studies that measure indoor heat exposure, and contrast these to outdoor temperatures in rural-urban areas, of which none are in South Asia. We aim to close this knowledge gap with our indoor and outdoor heat measurement dataset, covering five low-income sites in South Asia. Two sites are in rural areas (Maharashtra, India), while three sites focus on urban areas (Dhaka, Delhi and Faisalabad). Data are based on 206 indoor temperature data loggers and complemented by data from five outdoor automated weather stations. The data-set can be used to examine temperature and humidity variation in low-socioeconomic status households in rural and urban areas and to better understand factors a...

Heat stress provokes thermal discomfort to people living in semiarid and arid climates. This study evaluates thermal discomfort levels, building design concepts, and some heat mitigation strategies in low-income neighborhoods of Faisalabad, Pakistan. The outdoor and indoor weather data are collected from April to August 2016 using a weather station installed ad hoc in urban settings, and the 52 houses of the five low-income participating communities living in congested and less environment-friendly areas of Faisalabad. The discomfort index values, related to the building design concepts, including (i) house orientation to sunlight and (ii) house ventilation, are calculated from outdoor and indoor dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures. Our results show that although June was the hottest month of summer 2016, based on the monthly mean temperature of the Faisalabad region, the month of May produced the highest discomfort levels, which were higher in houses exposed to sunlight and without ...

Agroforestry is a sustainable land use system with a promising potential to sequester atmospheric carbon into soil. This system of land use distinguishes itself from the other systems, such as sole crop cultivation and afforestation on croplands only through its potential to sequester higher amounts of carbon (in the above- and belowground tree biomass) than the aforementioned two systems. According to Kyoto protocol, agroforestry is recognized as an afforestation activity that, in addition to sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) to soil, conserves biodiversity, protects cropland, works as a windbreak, and provides food and feed to human and livestock, pollen for honey bees, wood for fuel, and timber for shelters construction. Agroforestry is more attractive as a land use practice for the farming community worldwide instead of cropland and forestland management systems. This practice is a win-win situation for the farming community and for the environmental sustainability. This review ...

This study was conducted to investigate heavy metals content of sewage water and its impact on soil and their uptake by vegetables irrigated by the sewage/industrial effluent. Twenty five samples each of water, soil, and vegetable leaves and edible vegetable portions were collected from different sites, in Lahore city of Pakistan. Parameters like pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) were also determined The results indicated that soil irrigated by sewage water having tolerable DTPA-extractable metals contents, The concentration of heavy metals in upper layer of soil (0 -15 cm) is higher than the lower layer (15-30 cm). The reason behind is that the upper layer was receiving sewage water permanently while the penetration of sewage water below 15 cm was less. The heavy metal content was above the toxicity level in leafy vegetables grown in the area of Lahore. This study showed that among the different tested plant species, the amount of heavy metals was higher in leaves than fruits. P...

Naturally plants exposed with many adverse environmental conditions like biotic and a biotic stress. Despite all others stresses heavy metal stress is one of great importance which has a notable adverse effects on crop productivity and growth, heavy metal stress triggers different responses in plants, ranging from biochemical responses to crop yield. Understanding the biochemical and molecular responses to Cd stress is essential for a holistic opinion of plant resistance mechanisms to heavy metal stress. This review illustrates some aspects of Cd stress that make changes in morphological, physiological and biochemical changes of plants. Cd stress gradually declines photosynthetic rate due to limited access of CO2 which decrease gas exchange results triggers in reduction of plant growth and productivity. It also reduce leaf size, stems extension and root proliferation and decrease water absorption and transportation by causing turgor loss through decreasing the cell wall elasticity. Exposure to Cd stress increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production which is harmful for the cell components and toxicity of cadmium is responsible for alterations in the antioxidant systems and increase of lipid peroxidation can be strongly limited at both production and consumption level by increasing antioxidative systems. This review focuses on the ability and strategies of higher plants to respond adapt and overcome the Cd stress.