A new genus of a benthopelagic copepod is described from females and male taken from the abyss of the South Atlantic close to the sea bed. Vensiasa incerta gen. et sp. n. shares the presence of sensory setae on maxilla and maxilliped with... more
A new genus of a benthopelagic copepod is described from females and male taken from the abyss of the South Atlantic close to the sea bed. Vensiasa incerta gen. et sp. n. shares the presence of sensory setae on maxilla and maxilliped with all other “Bradfordian” members of the Clausocalanoidea. This new genus with a 1, 2, 3 setal pattern on the praecoxal endites of the maxilliped is attributed to the Diaixidae. Vensiasa gen. n. is distinct from all other diaixid genera in the following characters: maxillulary endopod with 5 setae; maxillary endopod setal formula as 6w+2br, worm-like setae differ in morphology between each other, same for brush-like setae; male’s P5 protopods asymmetrical, and left leg endopod is longer than the 3-segmented exopod. A differential diagnosis for the genus is given based on both sexes. Vensiasa gen. n. is now found from equator up to 36°S in the eastern and western South Atlantic.
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Three new aetideid species, Bradyidius abyssalis sp. nov., Bradyidius parabyssalis sp. nov., and B. kurilokamchaticus sp. nov. are described from female specimens collected near the seafloor in the abyss of the Pacific and Atlantic... more
Three new aetideid species, Bradyidius abyssalis sp. nov., Bradyidius parabyssalis sp. nov., and B. kurilokamchaticus sp. nov. are described from female specimens collected near the seafloor in the abyss of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Specimens of Bradyidius parabyssalis sp. nov. were obtained in both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (Argentine Basin, area of the Meteor Seamount and the Kurile-Kamchatka Trench). Bradyidius abyssalis sp. nov. was found only in the Atlantic Ocean, (Brazil and Guinea Basins and area of the Meteor Seamount) and Bradyidius kurilokamchaticus sp. nov. was recorded from the Kurile-Kamchatka Trench of the Pacific Ocean. Three new herein described Bradyidius species constitute the first documented records of the genus from the abyss of the World Ocean. In addition, three Bradyidius species from the Weddell Sea, the Atlantic Ocean and the Kurile-Kamchatka Trench, are briefly described without biological names due to their bad condition. Bradyidius parabyss...
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Summary: During the past six years organic geochemical, micropaleonto logical, and sedimentological investigations were carried out within the framework of the multidisciplinary bilateral German-Russian research project "System... more
Summary: During the past six years organic geochemical, micropaleonto logical, and sedimentological investigations were carried out within the framework of the multidisciplinary bilateral German-Russian research project "System Laptev Sea" and detailed biological investigations within the project "German-Russian Investigations of the Marginal Seas of the Eurasian Arctic", In order to understand the Laptev Sea ecosystem and to obtain information about sources and fate of organic carbon, the distribution of phyto- and zooplankton, diatoms, chlorophyll a benthic macrofauna, palynomorphs, grain size, total organic carbon, Cl 13Corg and biomarkers (n-alkanes, fatty acids) were determined. In general, the influence of the major rivers draining into the Laptev Sea, is reflected in the water column as weil as in the surface sediments. In both habitats three ecological provinces can be distinguished, i.e., the southeastern Laptev Sea, the central Laptev Sea, and the nort...
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A new ryocalanoid copepod, Ryocalanus antarcticus sp. nov., is described from both genders collected during the German expeditions EASIZ-II in 1998 and ANDEEP SYSTCO in 2008 above the seabed in deep waters of the Southern Ocean. The new... more
A new ryocalanoid copepod, Ryocalanus antarcticus sp. nov., is described from both genders collected during the German expeditions EASIZ-II in 1998 and ANDEEP SYSTCO in 2008 above the seabed in deep waters of the Southern Ocean. The new species is well distinguished from congeners in the shape of the genital double-somite and the posterior corners of prosome, the structure of distal segments of geniculated antennule in male and details of leg 1 and limb armament. Species of Ryocalanus are separated into two groups. Group I contains medium to large sized copepods with a single rostrum, a geniculated moderately modified right antennule in the male, and the distal segments of the male uniramous leg 5 armed with terminal spines. Group II of Ryocalanidae share the small size (<1.6 mm), a bifid rostrum, the male highly complex geniculated right antennule, with strongly modified distal segments, and an indistinctly biramous male leg 5 with distal exopod segments lacking terminal spines....
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The new genus and species of deep-sea, benthopelagic calanoid copepod, Griceus buskeyi, differs from other calanoid copepods in the follow- ing derived character states: dorsal interlocking extensions of abdoininal so- mites; antenna 2,... more
The new genus and species of deep-sea, benthopelagic calanoid copepod, Griceus buskeyi, differs from other calanoid copepods in the follow- ing derived character states: dorsal interlocking extensions of abdoininal so- mites; antenna 2, mandible, and maxilla 1 originate posterior to the labrum and paragnaths; coxal endite of the mandible outside of the labral-paragnathal en- velope; praecoxal and coxal endites of maxilla 1 unarmed; praecoxal endites of maxilla 2 unarmed; endopod of maxilliped with four articulating segments. Two setae on middle endopodal segment of swimming legs 3 and 4 suggests the new genus and species belongs to the superfamily Augaptiloidea. A man- dibular endopod which is reduced in size to a small unarmed lobe and absence of an endopod on maxilla 1 suggests an affinity with the arietellid genus Par- augaptilus Wolfenden.
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A new calanoid copepod, Sursamucro rostratus sp. nov., belonging to the family Aetideidae, is described from female specimens collected in the northern Pacific and South Atlantic from abyssal waters close to the sea bed. The new species... more
A new calanoid copepod, Sursamucro rostratus sp. nov., belonging to the family Aetideidae, is described from female specimens collected in the northern Pacific and South Atlantic from abyssal waters close to the sea bed. The new species is the second of a rare deep-water genus, Sursamucro; it differs from its congener in size, configuration of the rostrum, the shape of the posterior corners of the prosome and details of antenna, mandible, maxillule and P1 setation. The genus Sursamucro is recorded for the first time from the northern Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean.
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During RV MS Merian expedition MSM75, an international, multidisciplinary team explored the Reykjanes Ridge from June to August 2018. The first area of study, Steinahóll (150–350 m depth), was chosen based on previous seismic data... more
During RV MS Merian expedition MSM75, an international, multidisciplinary team explored the Reykjanes Ridge from June to August 2018. The first area of study, Steinahóll (150–350 m depth), was chosen based on previous seismic data indicating hydrothermal activity. The sampling strategy included ship- and AUV-mounted multibeam surveys, Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV), Epibenthic Sledge (EBS), and van Veen grab (vV) deployments. Upon returning to Steinahóll during the final days of MSM75, hydrothermal vent sites were discovered using the ROV Phoca (Kiel, GEOMAR). Here we describe and name three new, distinct hydrothermal vent site vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs); Hafgufa, Stökkull, Lyngbakr. The hydrothermal vent sites consisted of multiple anhydrite chimneys with large quantities of bacterial mats visible. The largest of the three sites (Hafgufa) was mapped, and reconstructed in 3D. In total 23,310 individual biological specimens were sampled comprising 41 higher taxa. Unique fau...
A new and rare aetideid species of the benthopelagic genus Bradyetes Farran, 1905 is described from female specimens collected near the seafloor from the abyss of the Pacific, Atlantic and Southern Oceans between 2000 and 2014. The new... more
A new and rare aetideid species of the benthopelagic genus Bradyetes Farran, 1905 is described from female specimens collected near the seafloor from the abyss of the Pacific, Atlantic and Southern Oceans between 2000 and 2014. The new species, Bradyetes paramatthei sp. nov., is described from the Kurile-Kamchatka Trench (Pacific Ocean) and is additionally reported from the Angola and Guinea basins and from the Meteor Seamount of the Atlantic Ocean. Bradyetes paramatthei sp. nov. is related to the species B. matthei Johannessen, 1976, but differs in the shape of the prosome posterior corners, which are oval-rounded, and in the proximal segment of the antennal exopod, which is supplied with one seta. These two species are shown to constitute a separate species group within the genus Bradyetes. The other species group contains the remaining congeners including Bradyetes inermis Farran, 1905, for which morphological variability is discussed. Specimens of this species show diverse morph...
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Kyphocalanus gen. nov. is described from female specimens collected at abyssal depths above the sea bed in the Atlantic Ocean. Although the new genus shares the presence of sensory setae on maxilla and maxilliped with other Bradfordian... more
Kyphocalanus gen. nov. is described from female specimens collected at abyssal depths above the sea bed in the Atlantic Ocean. Although the new genus shares the presence of sensory setae on maxilla and maxilliped with other Bradfordian families of the superfamily Clausocalanoidea, it does not fit the diagnosis of any of these families. The family Kyphocalanidae fam. nov. is established for the genus and 4 species are identified, although we only had enough suitable material to name one of them: Kyphocalanus atlanticus sp. nov. Kyphocalanidae is defined by the following apomorphies: maxillule supplied with 3 setae on praecoxal arthrite; maxilla endopod has 8 thick worm-like sensory setae distinctly longer than sclerotized setae of maxilla endites, and the maxilliped shows a 1, 2, 0 setal armament with only worm-like sensory elements of the three praecoxal endites respectively. Segmentation and setation of the swimming legs of the new genus are typical of Clausocalanoidea.
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Two new species, Byrathis divae sp. nov. and B. penicillatus sp. nov., are described from females collected in the deep waters and at abyssal depths above the sea bed, and are the first representatives of the genus recorded from the South... more
Two new species, Byrathis divae sp. nov. and B. penicillatus sp. nov., are described from females collected in the deep waters and at abyssal depths above the sea bed, and are the first representatives of the genus recorded from the South Atlantic. Species of Byrathis Markhaseva & Ferrari, 2005 are divided into 2 groups. The first group, which includes both new species, contains medium sized copepods (from 2.1 to 4.9 mm) with a nude genital double somite, maxillule proximal basal endite with 3 setae, maxillule exopod with 6 or more setae, and maxilla endopod with 3 worm-like and 5 brush-like sensory setae. The second group contains small species (less than 1.4 mm) that share the surface ornamentation of the genital double somite, maxillule proximal basal endite with 2 setae, maxillule exopod with 5 setae or less, and maxilla endopod with 5 worm-like plus 3 brush-like sensory setae. For the first time an adult Byrathis male is described after Byrathis arnei Schulz, 2006 from the Sout...
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Two species of a new spinocalanoidean genus, Caudacalanus, are described from female specimens collected during the German expeditions ANDEEP I–II in 2002 and DIVA-1 in 2000 at abyssal depths above the seabed in the Southern Ocean and... more
Two species of a new spinocalanoidean genus, Caudacalanus, are described from female specimens collected during the German expeditions ANDEEP I–II in 2002 and DIVA-1 in 2000 at abyssal depths above the seabed in the Southern Ocean and tropical waters of the South Atlantic. Segmentation and setation of swimming legs of the new genus are typical of the superfamily Spinocalanoidea. Caudacalanus gen. nov. shares the derived morphology of the oral parts and P1 basis and endopod with a monophyletic group of genera, viz. Arctokonstantinus, Foxtonia and Sognocalanus. Arctokonstantinidae is available for this lineage. The new genus differs from other spinocalanoideans by strong asymmetry of the caudal rami, with the right ramus nearly twice as long and wide as the left; setation of maxillule exopod reduced to 0–1 seta; maxilla basis lacking any setae; and maxilliped basis with 1 seta and endopod reduced to 3 segments.
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Sensiava longiseta gen. et sp. nov. is described from male specimens collected at abyssal depths above the seabed in the Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean). Segmentation and setation of the swimming legs of the new species are typical of the... more
Sensiava longiseta gen. et sp. nov. is described from male specimens collected at abyssal depths above the seabed in the Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean). Segmentation and setation of the swimming legs of the new species are typical of the superfamily Clausocalanoidea. Although the new genus shares the presence of sensory setae on the maxilla with the Bradfordian families of the Clausocalanoidea, it does not fit the diagnosis of any of these families. Sensiava longiseta shares with the ancestral group of Bradfordian genera a 1,2,3 setal pattern on the praecoxal endites of the maxilliped and, therefore is provisionally placed within Diaixidae. Sensiava longiseta shows marked asymmetry in the antennule; the right limb is geniculated with ancestral segments XIX–XXIII morphologically modified. The presence of this well pronounced, geniculated antennule is up to now the most striking example of this feature and regarded as an ancestral character in the advanced superfamily Clausocalanoidea.
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ABSTRACT
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The last five copepodid stages of a new genus and species of calanoid copepod, Parkius karenwishnerae, are described. The basis of the maxilliped of P. karenwishnerae is elongate distal to its two medial setae and its medial row of... more
The last five copepodid stages of a new genus and species of calanoid copepod, Parkius karenwishnerae, are described. The basis of the maxilliped of P. karenwishnerae is elongate distal to its two medial setae and its medial row of denticles; endopodal segments 2-5 are attenuate, forming a hook-like structure distally, with denticles along the concave margin. These character states are
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Four derived states separate the calanoid copepod Grievella shan- ki, new genus and species, from other scolecitrichids: small integumental bumps on the genital complex; an ear-like extension on articulating segment 22 of antenna 1; two... more
Four derived states separate the calanoid copepod Grievella shan- ki, new genus and species, from other scolecitrichids: small integumental bumps on the genital complex; an ear-like extension on articulating segment 22 of antenna 1; two lateral setae on the distal exopodal segment of swimming leg 2; a denticle-like attenuation of the proximal praecoxal lobe of maxilla 2. The first probably
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A new calanoid copepod Peniculoides secundus gen. et sp. nov. is described from a female specimen collected in the northern Atlantic from abyssal waters close to the sea bed during the German expedition DIVA 3 in 2009. Peniculoides gen.... more
A new calanoid copepod Peniculoides secundus gen. et sp. nov. is described from a female specimen collected in the northern Atlantic from abyssal waters close to the sea bed during the German expedition DIVA 3 in 2009. Peniculoides gen. nov. is a representative of the superfamily Clausocalanoidea with a heavily sclerotized mandibular gnathobase and maxillular praecoxal arthrite, the maxillular coxal epipodite lacking setae and the maxilla with coxal to basal endites flat and round distally, their surfaces densely covered by short, brush-like spinules. The new genus, Peniculoides is provisionally placed in the Clausocalanidae. A combination of characters is proposed to distinguish between the families Clausocalanidae and Aetideidae. The generic composition of Clausocalanidae is revised.
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ABSTRACT A new ryocalanoid copepod, Ryocalanus antarcticus sp. nov., is described from both genders collected during the German expeditions EASIZ-II in 1998 and ANDEEP SYSTCO in 2008 above the seabed in deep waters of the Southern Ocean.... more
ABSTRACT A new ryocalanoid copepod, Ryocalanus antarcticus sp. nov., is described from both genders collected during the German expeditions EASIZ-II in 1998 and ANDEEP SYSTCO in 2008 above the seabed in deep waters of the Southern Ocean. The new species is well distinguished from congeners in the shape of the genital double-somite and the posterior corners of prosome, the structure of distal segments of geniculated antennule in male and details of leg 1 and limb armament. Species of Ryocalanus are separated into two groups. Group I contains medium to large sized copepods with a single rostrum, a geniculated moderately modified right antennule in the male, and the distal segments of the male uniramous leg 5 armed with terminal spines. Group II of Ryocalanidae share the small size (&lt;1.6 mm), a bifid rostrum, the male highly complex geniculated right antennule, with strongly modified distal segments, and an indistinctly biramous male leg 5 with distal exopod segments lacking terminal spines. R. antarcticus sp. nov. is the first ryocalanoid copepod recorded from the Southern Ocean.