Conference Presentations by Yunus Bayram
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON PLANT HEALTH, 2021
There are so many signs about negative effects of global warming and climate change over the worl... more There are so many signs about negative effects of global warming and climate change over the world. Each living organism has different experiment under this new conditions. Many events such as drought, drying up of lakes, extreme temperature, floods, mucilage tell us to new living conditions although we are not used to, but from now on we have to get used to. The death of so many flamingos in Tuz Gölü (Salt Lake) in Konya province, the excessive flood and landslide in Black See, the drought in so any regions of Turkey especially South and Central Anatolia even East Anatolia Region due to the scarcity of water the loss of quality and yield in agriculture are clear examples of negative effect of global warming or climate change. Moreover, there are similar events in some Europe countries which tell us that floods, droughts and famines that in Africa and Asia would also be happened in other continents from now on. Therefore, all over the world is under the threat and risk of global warming. In addition to drought and global warming, phytosanitary problems such as; combating against new pests and diseases, will increase the negative effects of global warming and climate change even more dramatic. In this article we would like to take attention and increase awareness of public to emphasis negative effect of climate change not only would badly effect human and animal effect, but also plant health would be a problem in the future.
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Papers by Yunus Bayram
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, Oct 10, 2021
In Turkey, mushroom flies (Diptera: Phoridae, Sciaridae, Scatopsidae, Cecidomyiidae) are the most... more In Turkey, mushroom flies (Diptera: Phoridae, Sciaridae, Scatopsidae, Cecidomyiidae) are the most serious insect pest problems, affecting the cultivation of white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach (Agaricaceae). The light traps used against these pests are of low efficiency because they have normally been designed to catch houseflies or other large flies. The aims of this study were: (i) to design a new electric light trap that can effectively catch mushroom flies of all sizes (0.6 to 5 mm long), and (ii) to evaluate its efficiency in controlling mushroom flies by mass trapping of their adults. A two-year collaboration between the authors and a local company (Kekova Energy, Antalya, Turkey) was carried out to design this type of light trap. After developing the trap, its efficiency against mushroom flies was tested in two separate mushroom growing periods, and experiments were conducted in two mushroom production rooms of a local company (Akse Mantar, Korkuteli, Antalya). In each growing period, in one room, the light trap was tested at a density of 1 trap/15 m 2, whereas in the other room, traditional growing system, based largely on the use of synthetic insecticides against mushroom flies, was implemented for comparison. Results showed that mass trapping using the new-designed light trap reduced the incidence of sporophore damage by the larvae of mushroom flies in both growing periods and resulted in significantly lower damage rates (8.8% and 11.3% in the first and second growing periods, respectively) when compared with the traditional room (19.1% and 24.8%, respectively). Moreover, significant yield increase in both growing periods occurred in the light trap room (4.4 and 4.0 kg total yield/15 kg packaged-pasteurized and spawned compost) compared with traditional room (3.6 and 3.3 kg, respectively). Results suggested that mass trapping using the new-designed light trap can be used as a viable alternative to insecticides in the control of mushroom flies. Graphic abstract
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Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, Mar 31, 2017
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Phytoparasitica, Oct 13, 2020
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This study was carried out to investigate efficiency of Phytomyza orobanchia Kaltenbach, 1864 (Di... more This study was carried out to investigate efficiency of Phytomyza orobanchia Kaltenbach, 1864 (Diptera: Agromyzidae) which is nourished on Orobanche aegyptiaca and O. ramosa in tomato growing fields under natural conditions, in Diyarbakir and Mardin provinces in 2008. Trials were established according to randomized parcel design as five characters (0, 4, 6 and 8 pupae released lattices and open field control) and six replications. According to the results there is 1 % level highly significant difference among treatments in both locations. The differences between treatments were ordered from the most effective ones to the least as; 8 pupae, 6 pupae, open field control, 4 pupae, and control lattices that without pupae. The efficiency of P. orobanchia increased significantly by increasing of the number of released P. orobanchia pupae, while there is no effectiveness in control cages that without pupae. Compared to pupae released cages open fields were found the same as four pupae released cages or near six pupae released ones. By this study a valuable information resource has been constituted in order to improve effective methods for using biological control in integrated pest management system to control broomrape.
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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, May 7, 2021
The tomato moth, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is one of the most dam... more The tomato moth, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is one of the most damaging pests of tomato crop in Turkey and is of great economic importance in greenhouse-grown tomatoes. Current control of this pest has heavily relied on the use of synthetic insecticides, inducing the selection of resistant T. absoluta populations and negative environmental impact. In this study, the efficacy of mass trapping using a new-designed light trap (so-called ecosav-D1) in reducing leaf and fruit damages in greenhouse-grown tomatoes was investigated in Antalya (in southwest Turkey). Trials were carried out in commercial plastic greenhouses equipped with insect-proof nets in both autumn–winter and summer–autumn tomato growing seasons in 2019 and 2020. In each season, the study greenhouse was divided into two equal plots using anti-insect net (40 mesh); in one of them, the new-designed light trap was tested at a density of 1 trap/250 m2, and in the other one, conventional control system, based largely on the use of synthetic pesticides, was implemented for comparison. In the light trap plot, total number of adult T. absoluta, other pests and beneficial insects caught per trap was recorded weekly. The efficacy of mass trapping in reducing leaf and fruit damages was evaluated by comparing weekly damage on leaves (number of larval mines on 1 leaf per plant on 50 randomly chosen plants) and percentages of damaged fruits in each harvest date in both plots. Results showed that mass trapping of adult T. absoluta using the new-designed light trap was effective in reducing leaf and fruit damages at low/moderate T. absoluta population density in autumn–winter growing season. Considering the seasonal averages, significantly lower leaf and fruit damages were observed in the light trap plot (3.2 larval mines/leaf/plant and a fruit damage of 13.4%) than in the conventional plot (6.9 mines/leaf/plant and 18.3%, respectively). On the other hand, although the light trap significantly reduced leaf and fruit damages during the summer–autumn growing season, it was partially ineffective when the pest density soared at the end of the tomato cultivation. In both growing periods, higher densities of tomato moth resulting in much more leaf and fruit damages were observed in the conventional plot, compared with the trap plot. Overall results suggest that the new-designed light trap can be an effective tool for the integrated pest management (IPM) of this pest in greenhouse tomato cultivation.
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Türkiye entomoloji bülteni, Nov 3, 2015
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Bitki Koruma Bülteni, Oct 1, 2016
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Türkiye biyolojik mücadele dergisi, Jul 13, 2016
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2016 International Congress of Entomology, 2016
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Bitki Koruma Bülteni, Jun 30, 2015
This study was carried out in Diyarbakir Plant Protection Research Station field in 2010-2011. St... more This study was carried out in Diyarbakir Plant Protection Research Station field in 2010-2011. Studies were replicated in the same field for two years, to determine population dynamics of alate and apterous forms of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on four different watermelon varieties (Crimson Sweet, Crimson Tide F1, Galactica and Surme). Population dynamics of A. gossypii were monitored weekly by yellow sticky traps and by sampling leaves of watermelon varieties. According to the results that obtained from this study the most density of apterous form of A. gossypii was monitored as 1.5-2 aphids/leave averagely in 2010, while this density has increased two folds as 3.5 aphids/leaves averagely in 2011. The most density of alate form of A. gossypii was monitored as 38 aphids/traps averagely in 2010, while this density has increased nearly ten folds as 380 aphids/traps averagely in 2011. Density of population dynamics of alate and apterous forms of A. gossypii in 2010 was lower than density of 2011. However there was numerical difference between varieties as to density of population dynamics of alate and apterous forms of A. gossypii , but there was no any statistical difference between varieties. Therefore it could be said that A. gossypii prefers all varieties and there is no variety preference of A. gossypii . Under climatic conditions of Diyarbakir province density of apterous forms of A. gossypii was the highest in June and July months in both years, while density of alate forms of A. gossypii was the highest in August and September months in both years. Aphids are present in the fields as colonies in May and June months and these colonies continue to till the middle of July, then by increasing of summer hot weather apterous aphids are converting into alate aphids from July month to till September or October.
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This study was carried out in Diyarbakır Plant Protection Research Station field in 20102011. Stu... more This study was carried out in Diyarbakır Plant Protection Research Station field in 20102011. Studies were replicated in the same field for two years, to determine population dynamics of alate and apterous forms of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on four different watermelon varieties (Crimson Sweet, Crimson Tide F1, Galactica and Sürme). Population dynamics of A. gossypii were monitored weekly by yellow sticky traps and by sampling leaves of watermelon varieties. According to the results that obtained from this study the most density of apterous form of A. gossypii was monitored as 1.5-2 aphids/leave averagely in 2010, while this density has increased two folds as 3.5 aphids/leaves averagely in 2011. The most density of alate form of A. gossypii was monitored as 38 aphids/traps averagely in 2010, while this density has increased nearly ten folds as 380 aphids/traps averagely in 2011. Density of population dynamics of alate and apterous forms of A. gossypii in 2010 was ...
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Acta Horticulturae, 2020
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Acta Biologica Turcica, Aug 31, 2016
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Türkiye biyolojik mücadele dergisi, Jul 13, 2016
Domates uretiminde onemli zararlilardan biri olan Domates guvesi (Tuta absoluta) (Meyrick, 1917) ... more Domates uretiminde onemli zararlilardan biri olan Domates guvesi (Tuta absoluta) (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Turkiye´de ilk kez 2009 yilinda gorulmus ve kisa surede domates yetistiriciligi yapilan yerlerde ana zararli konumuna gecmistir. Ulkemizde bu zararli basta Akdeniz ve Ege Bolgesi olmak uzere Guneydogu Anadolu Bolgesi de dahil domates yetistirilen alanlarda yogun olarak bulunmaktadir. Bu amacla Guneydogu Anadolu Bolgesi‟nde zararlinin sorveyi, bulasiklik durumu ve dogal dusmanlari arastirilmistir. Sorvey calismalari domates yetistiriciliginin en fazla yapildigi sanliurfa, Diyarbakir ve Mardin illerinde 2011–2012 yillarinda acik alanda domates yetistirme doneminde aylik olarak yurutulmustur. Sorvey calismalari sonucunda genel olarak Guneydogu Anadolu Bolgesi‟nin % 100 seviyesine ulasan zararli ile bulasiklik belirlenmistir. Ayrica zararlinin 2 larva parazitoiti, 1 larva pupa parazitoiti ve 12 avci bocek turu belirlenmistir.
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Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, Apr 1, 2010
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Turkish journal of entomology, Apr 1, 2010
4 Şaban GUCLU 5 Summary Determination of population changes of Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen, 18... more 4 Şaban GUCLU 5 Summary Determination of population changes of Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen, 1826) and Sogatella vibix (Haupt, 1927) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) by using different sampling methods in second crop maize in Diyarbakir province The aim of present study was to investigate population changes of Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen, 1826) and Sogatella vibix (Haupt, 1927) Delphacidae (Hemiptera) by using yellow sticky traps and D-Vac in second crop maize fields of Diyarbakir province in 2005 and 2006. The first individuals of L. striatellus were recorded in the traps in early july and its higher densities were caught in yellow sticky traps than that of D-Vac. Similarly, S. vibix individuals were first seen in the middle of july, while its highest densities were caught by both traps in august. Mean numbers of L. striatellus and S. vibix were significantly changed by the years of study, sampling weeks, sampling fields and the sampling methods utilized. However, population densities of L. striatellus were not different between two locations in contrast to S. vibix population.
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Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 2014
This study was carried out with a view to determine population dynamics of tomato leaf miner [ Tu... more This study was carried out with a view to determine population dynamics of tomato leaf miner [ Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)] in tomato growing areas of Bismil and Ergani counties in Diyarbakir province between 2011 and 2012. For monitoring population development of tomato leaf miner one tomato field from each district was determined. According to the size of each field 1 sexual attractive trap for per acre (da) was hanged and studies carried out weekly from early seedlings period to the end of harvesting. Together with this study simultaneously tomato plants and fruits observed weekly by visual method to determine infection rate of pest. According to the results of this study, adult population dynamic in both years reached maximum level in 5 different time points (in July, August, September and October) in Bismil county, while reached maximum level in 3 different time points (in August, September and October) in Ergani county. The most number of T. absoluta adults on traps was determined as 429 adults/ trap in 04 August 2011and 529 adults/ trap in 15 October 2012 in Bismil county, while 251 adults/ trap in 20 October 2011 and 395 adults/ trap in 26 October 2012 in Ergani county. Tomato plants and fruits were highly infected with T. absoluta both years as 100 % in Bismil county, while this level was lower (60-90 % plants, 20-30 % fruits) in Ergani county.
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Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Science, 2016
The study was conducted to reveal the fundamental reasons in control sunn pest overwintered adult... more The study was conducted to reveal the fundamental reasons in control sunn pest overwintered adults by wheat growers after shifting from areal to ground applications in the Southeast Anatolia Region, in 2012. For this purpose, in the TRC area of the Southeast Anatolia Region in 12 districts of Adiyaman, Diyarbakir, Mardin and Sanliurfa provinces, where the grain cultivation intensive and control actions against the overwintered adults of the sunn pest widespread, 248 growers were selected and questionnaires applied by face to face interviews according to Simple Random Sampling Method that was determined via Purposive Sampling Method. By the study, the state of consciousness level of wheat growers in the control action of the sunn pest was determined. The results revealed that growers had sufficient information about the sunn pest and crop losses.however; 83,1% of them applied the control measures, unconsciously. The growers that use unconscious control measures they avoided the addit...
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Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2020
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Conference Presentations by Yunus Bayram
Papers by Yunus Bayram