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Program /John M. Logsdon, editor with LindaJ. Lear... [et al.] p. cm.-(The NASA history series) (NASA SP 4407)
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Transportation lifelines are a vital element in maintaining U.S. security from terrorist attack. They are also vulnerable to attack and disruption. As officials have discovered since September 11, 2001, protecting and preserving the... more
Transportation lifelines are a vital element in maintaining U.S. security from terrorist attack. They are also vulnerable to attack and disruption. As officials have discovered since September 11, 2001, protecting and preserving the extensive U.S. transportation networks against terrorist attacks remains a daunting task. Fortunately, today’s powerful geospatial tools, especially remote sensing, GPS, and GIS, can assist in this crucial effort. The National Consortium on Safety, Hazards, and Disaster Assessment (NCRST-H) within the National Consortia For Remote Sensing in Transportation is uniquely positioned to assist security officials in applying these tools to protecting critical infrastructure. Many of the methodologies and technologies that have been identified or developed by this consortium over the past two years of research are ideal for responding to the challenge of improving the safety and security of transportation lifelines. In order to understand the full scope of the ...
... Titre du document / Document title. Lending a helping hand: Using remote sensing to support the response and recovery operations at the world trade center. Auteur(s) / Author(s). WILLIAMSON Ray A. (1) ; BAKER John C. (2) ; ...
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This paper summarizes the policy history of Landsat and examines its place in the development of land remote sensing for science, practical applications related to land use, and the marketplace. In particular, it identifies key steps in... more
This paper summarizes the policy history of Landsat and examines its place in the development of land remote sensing for science, practical applications related to land use, and the marketplace. In particular, it identifies key steps in creating the foundations for a commercial market in remotely sensed land data and information products. This paper further analyzes the interplay between government policy and technology development for remote sensing. It concludes that one of the primary forces behind the developing market for Earth observation data is the creation of information technologies, including powerful personal computers, geographic information system (GIS) software, CD-ROM, and the Internet.
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The availability of high resolution commercial remote sensing has contributed to a revolution in the application of satellite Earth Observation (EO) methods to the analysis of transportatio n networks. Other geospatial technologies,... more
The availability of high resolution commercial remote sensing has contributed to a revolution in the application of satellite Earth Observation (EO) methods to the analysis of transportatio n networks. Other geospatial technologies, including GIS and the GPS, sharply enhance the utility of EO data in identifying potential road hazards and providing an objective basis for allocating resources to reduce their risks. In combi nation, these powerful information technologies provide substantial public benefits and increased business opportunities to remote sensing value-added firms. This paper reports on research aimed at developing a set of methods designed to assist road departments in rural jurisdictions (local, county, state) improve the trafficability of the roads under their management. We are developing and testing these methods in the U.S. Southwest, where thousands of kilometers of unimproved and graded dirt roads cross Native American reservations. This generally arid region is...
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Chairwoman Giffords, Ranking Member Olson, and distinguished members of this Subcommittee, I am pleased to have this opportunity to share with you Secure World Foundation’s insights on the growth in space capabilities throughout the world... more
Chairwoman Giffords, Ranking Member Olson, and distinguished members of this Subcommittee, I am pleased to have this opportunity to share with you Secure World Foundation’s insights on the growth in space capabilities throughout the world and why the changes this growth represents are particularly important to U.S. interests. From the emergence of China as a country with a significant human spaceflight program to the launch this September of South Africa’s second indigenous remote sensing satellite, over the past decade, the international space community has experienced many significant changes.
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Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a unique role in international affairs, providing access to resources, expertise, and assistance to supplement State resources. Sometimes the diplomatic skills and unofficial access of NGOs to... more
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a unique role in international affairs, providing access to resources, expertise, and assistance to supplement State resources. Sometimes the diplomatic skills and unofficial access of NGOs to policymakers through Track Two diplomacy can move a previously stalled critical issue forward and assist policymakers from different countries to find common ground outside official channels. Because they work
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: These command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) technologies are at the heart of modern warfighting. They act not only as force multipliers for the military platforms into which... more
: These command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) technologies are at the heart of modern warfighting. They act not only as force multipliers for the military platforms into which they are integrated, but also as the means to better link different types of forces (air, sea, land). Moreover, they can connect forces of different nationalities, enabling interoperability and the efficient use of military resources. The study analyzes the deployed and planned C4ISR capabilities of seven European countries: France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, and Sweden. Capabilities discussions are divided into command and control (C2), communications and computers, and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR). We examine the extent to which advanced C4ISR and network doctrines figure in the defense planning of these nations and explore the extent of interoperability within and between these national for...
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The quality of life of Native Peoples will be unavoidably altered as a result of long-term climate change and increased interannual climate variability, especially as it relates to air quality, water resources, forests, agriculture, and... more
The quality of life of Native Peoples will be unavoidably altered as a result of long-term climate change and increased interannual climate variability, especially as it relates to air quality, water resources, forests, agriculture, and wetlands. Native Peoples have had centuries of experience on the land; they have responded to many changes and have found ways to live sustainably. Nevertheless, in addition to facing uncertain environmental changes as a result of climate change, today Native Peoples face diverse internal and external challenges to their ability to manage their natural and cultural resources. These include logging, mining, tourism, and urban encroachment. Sophisticated geographic information tools, including geographic information systems (GIS), the Global Positioning System (GPS), and remote sensing systems, can assist in meeting these challenges by empowering Native Peoples in the development and execution of their own resource strategies. Yet, because of cultural ...
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The worldwide information revolution has important implications for how states deal with conflict, both within and across national borders. Widespread access to increasingly powerful personal computers, lower cost telecommunications,... more
The worldwide information revolution has important implications for how states deal with conflict, both within and across national borders. Widespread access to increasingly powerful personal computers, lower cost telecommunications, global media coverage, Internet data flows, commercial observation satellites, and global positioning satellites are contributing to an increased international transparency, both enhancing and complicating states’ ability to manage conflict. On the one hand, amplified transparency provides policy makers with new instruments for supporting conflict prevention, management, and resolution. Yet, the global transparency and connectivity provided by modern information technologies also promises to diminish the preeminent role of states in international politics. National governments no longer possess a monopoly on relevant and credible information for dealing with various international security problems. By providing a feasible alternative to hierarchical power arrangements, these same technologies increase the importance of nonstate actors such as the nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and the news media on the international scene.
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APPROXIMATELY TWENTY FEDERAL LAWS contain provisions recognizing the national value and significance that U.S. prehistoric and historic cultural resources possess. These laws, especially the National Historic Preservation Act,1 mandate... more
APPROXIMATELY TWENTY FEDERAL LAWS contain provisions recognizing the national value and significance that U.S. prehistoric and historic cultural resources possess. These laws, especially the National Historic Preservation Act,1 mandate certain preservation responsibilities of all federal agencies. Yet the United States is still losing important parts of its cultural heritage at an alarming rate.2 Because the national inventory of these cultural resources is far from complete, sites, structures, and landscapes that may have prehistoric or historic significance may not be catalogued and protected before they have been destroyed or dramatically altered. Even significant sites in the current inventory may be subject to catastrophic destruction. The National Historic Preservation Act, for example, charges the Secretary of the Interior and the independent Advisory Council on Historic Preservation with administering and guiding federal preservation efforts.
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We wish to thank Otis Graham and Michael Schene for reading and commenting on a very early draft of this paper. We also appreciate the attention that the journal's reviewers gave to it. Their critical comments raised a number of... more
We wish to thank Otis Graham and Michael Schene for reading and commenting on a very early draft of this paper. We also appreciate the attention that the journal's reviewers gave to it. Their critical comments raised a number of important issues that we have attempted to address in this version. This article is based in part on the Office of Technology Assessment reports, Technologies for Prehistoric and Historic Preservation, Technologies for Preserving Prehistoric and Historic Landscapes, Technologies for Underwater Archaeology and Maritime Preservation, for which the authors were project director and contractor, respectively. However, the opinions expressed in this article are the authors' own, and do not necessarily represent the opinions of the Office of Technology Assessment, the Technology Assessment Board, or members of the U. S. Congress. RAY A. WILLIAMSON is a senior associate with the U.S. Congress Office of Technology Assessment. He holds a Ph.D. in astronomy from the University of Maryland. He is currently working with Jannelle Warren-Findley and two other historians on a documentary history of the U.S. space program, and is editing Advances in Science and Technology in Historic Preservation for Plenum Press, for the series, Advances in Archaeological and Museum Science.
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This document is not available electronically via this database. For copies of Journal Articles, please contact the Publisher or your local public or university library and refer to the information in the Resource Relation ...
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... CHARLES L. DRAKE, Dartmouth College MILDRED S. DRESSELHAUS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology JOSEPH L. FISHER, Office of the Governor, Commonwealth of Virginia JAMES C. FLETCHER, University of Pittsburgh WILLIAM A. FOWLER,... more
... CHARLES L. DRAKE, Dartmouth College MILDRED S. DRESSELHAUS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology JOSEPH L. FISHER, Office of the Governor, Commonwealth of Virginia JAMES C. FLETCHER, University of Pittsburgh WILLIAM A. FOWLER, California Institute of ...
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This paper summarizes the policy history of Landsat and ex- amines its place in the development of land remote sensing for science, practical applications related to land use, and the marketplace. In particular, it identifies key steps in... more
This paper summarizes the policy history of Landsat and ex- amines its place in the development of land remote sensing for science, practical applications related to land use, and the marketplace. In particular, it identifies key steps in creat- ing the foundations for a commercial market in remotely sensed land data and information products. This paper fur- ther analyzes the
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... Authors: Williamson, Ray A.; Fisher, Howard J.; O'Flynn, Donnel. Publication: Native American Astronomy. Edited versions of papers presented at a Symposium, held at Colgate University, September 23-26, 1975, Edited by Anthony... more
... Authors: Williamson, Ray A.; Fisher, Howard J.; O'Flynn, Donnel. Publication: Native American Astronomy. Edited versions of papers presented at a Symposium, held at Colgate University, September 23-26, 1975, Edited by Anthony F. Aveni. Austin: University of Texas Press ...
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Research Interests: Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Space Policy, Transport policy, Federal Government, and 10 moreUnited States, Technological Development, Lessons Learned, Risk Reduction, Private Sector, Growth rate, Value added, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLE, and Acta Astronautica
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The need for concerted international attention to the dangers of orbital debris is generally agreed on. Reduction or elimination of the production of orbital debris is necessary in order to safely operate spacecraft in geosynchronous and... more
The need for concerted international attention to the dangers of orbital debris is generally agreed on. Reduction or elimination of the production of orbital debris is necessary in order to safely operate spacecraft in geosynchronous and low earth orbits. The role that the U.S. Congress could play in the U.S. approach to reduction of orbital debris is examined. The challenge posed by crafting an international solution and ways in which Congress could assist are discussed.