Research Interests: Chemistry, Animal Science, Agronomy, Biology, Medicine, and 4 moreForage, Dry Matter, Rumen, and Neutral Detergent Fiber
The biological performance of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) hybrid lines [LHL (BGE027129 × LA5108), LHL-2 (BGE025277 × LA5108) and LHL-3 (LA5108 × BGE027129]) and their parental components (BGE027129, BGE025277 and LA5108 varieties)... more
The biological performance of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) hybrid lines [LHL (BGE027129 × LA5108), LHL-2 (BGE025277 × LA5108) and LHL-3 (LA5108 × BGE027129]) and their parental components (BGE027129, BGE025277 and LA5108 varieties) were studied in a three-year field experiment. Biometric analysis of each variety and line was done for main quantitative traits and phenological stages and periods. The height of the plants at the technological maturity of the grain reached 46 cm. The vegetation period has an average duration of 93 days. New variety Yodai was created, which was obtained by multiple individual selection from the cross BGE027129 × LA5108 (line LHL). The new variety ripens 4-5 days before the varieties BGE027129 and LA5108. On average, 13 well-fed pods per plant were formed with a total of 22 normally developed seeds. The seeds were medium-large with a white seed coat, with a flat oval shape. The seed productivity (4.41 g/plant) exceeds the average of the parental varieties (3.80 g/plant). The weight of 1000 seeds was about 172 g. The crude protein content was 23.85%. In addition, the variety has good resistance to cracking of the pods. It is drought tolerant and weakly attacked by diseases and enemies. In 2022, by the decision of the Expert Commission at the Executive Agency for Variety Testing, Field Inspection and Seed Control, Bulgaria (appointed by order RD-10-1/14.01.2022) and by order No. RD-14-3 of 02.03.2022, the Yodai variety was recognized as new and original.
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Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a legume and the second most planted crop after maize in worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in the total plastid pigments content in three soybean varieties depending on... more
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a legume and the second most planted crop after maize in worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in the total plastid pigments content in three soybean varieties depending on the date of sowing and the row spacing was studied during four consecutive years (2018-2021). The Avigea, Isidor and Richi varieties, sown on three dates (I - 28 March - 05 April; II - 19-24 April; III - 09-14 May) at row spacing of 25, 45 and 70 cm were studied in field conditions. The
plastid pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids) was determined in fresh plant samples in the beginning of pod formation stage. The total content of plastid pigments and the chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a + chlorophyll b/carotenoids ratios
were calculated. The total plastid pigments content varied by years and varieties depending on the date of sowing and row spacing. The date of sowing was found as a factor with stronger effect on the plastid pigments content compared to the row spacing. On average for the period it was found that the total plastid pigments content in the Avigea variety decreased compared to the first date of sowing at all three row spacing,
most pronounced at 45 cm. The reduction reached 25.59% on the second date and up to 19.02% on the third sowing date. The strongest effect of the date of sowing on the plastid pigments content was found in the Richi variety on the third date of sowing, where the increase was up to 64.33% at a row spacing of 25 cm and up to 36.02% at a row spacing of 70 cm compared to the first date. The row spacing factor had a smaller effect - for Avigea variety a decrease of 12.31% was reported on the second sowing date and a row spacing of 45 cm compared to the 70 cm accepted row spacing and for Richi variety by 15.79% on the first date and row spacing 45 cm. The chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratio decreased at a row spacing of 25 at the second (for Isidor and Richi) and third sowing
dates (for Avigea and Isidor).
plastid pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids) was determined in fresh plant samples in the beginning of pod formation stage. The total content of plastid pigments and the chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a + chlorophyll b/carotenoids ratios
were calculated. The total plastid pigments content varied by years and varieties depending on the date of sowing and row spacing. The date of sowing was found as a factor with stronger effect on the plastid pigments content compared to the row spacing. On average for the period it was found that the total plastid pigments content in the Avigea variety decreased compared to the first date of sowing at all three row spacing,
most pronounced at 45 cm. The reduction reached 25.59% on the second date and up to 19.02% on the third sowing date. The strongest effect of the date of sowing on the plastid pigments content was found in the Richi variety on the third date of sowing, where the increase was up to 64.33% at a row spacing of 25 cm and up to 36.02% at a row spacing of 70 cm compared to the first date. The row spacing factor had a smaller effect - for Avigea variety a decrease of 12.31% was reported on the second sowing date and a row spacing of 45 cm compared to the 70 cm accepted row spacing and for Richi variety by 15.79% on the first date and row spacing 45 cm. The chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratio decreased at a row spacing of 25 at the second (for Isidor and Richi) and third sowing
dates (for Avigea and Isidor).
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The purpose of the study was the evaluation of alfalfa progenies by plastid pigments content in terms of selection. The object of study were 20 alfalfa progenies and cv. Pleven 6 (standard). During the period 2020-2022, the plastid... more
The purpose of the study was the evaluation of alfalfa progenies by plastid pigments content in terms of selection. The object of study were 20 alfalfa progenies and cv. Pleven 6 (standard). During the period 2020-2022, the plastid pigments content (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids) per mg/100 g fresh weight was determined.
For this purpose, green stems were taken immediately before harvesting of the corresponding growth. During the three years of study, three
consecutive growths were analysed. Plant samples were unified from the point of view of morphology, which corresponded to the beginning of
flowering stage – one flowered inflorescence per stem. From the alfalfa
progenies № 2, 6, 8, 14, 15, 17 и 23, white flowering plants (*) were analysed. It was found that the plastid pigments content in alfalfa varied depending on the genotype and growth. On average for the period of study higher values for the total plastid pigments content were recorded in the second and third cut - 321.25 mg/100 g fresh weight and 320.08 mg/100 g fresh weight, respectively. Significantly lower values were reported for the first cut – 243.06 mg/100 g fresh weight. Clearly pronounced differences were found between the 20 progenies
studied regarding the plastid pigments content. Compared to the standard variety Pleven 6, progenies № 19 and № 20 significant exceed it by 6.12% and 8.24%, respectively. The content of the pigments investigated was not related to the coloring of the flowers. For the whiteflowering genotypes, different values were observed, including from lowest to highest.
For this purpose, green stems were taken immediately before harvesting of the corresponding growth. During the three years of study, three
consecutive growths were analysed. Plant samples were unified from the point of view of morphology, which corresponded to the beginning of
flowering stage – one flowered inflorescence per stem. From the alfalfa
progenies № 2, 6, 8, 14, 15, 17 и 23, white flowering plants (*) were analysed. It was found that the plastid pigments content in alfalfa varied depending on the genotype and growth. On average for the period of study higher values for the total plastid pigments content were recorded in the second and third cut - 321.25 mg/100 g fresh weight and 320.08 mg/100 g fresh weight, respectively. Significantly lower values were reported for the first cut – 243.06 mg/100 g fresh weight. Clearly pronounced differences were found between the 20 progenies
studied regarding the plastid pigments content. Compared to the standard variety Pleven 6, progenies № 19 and № 20 significant exceed it by 6.12% and 8.24%, respectively. The content of the pigments investigated was not related to the coloring of the flowers. For the whiteflowering genotypes, different values were observed, including from lowest to highest.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Agronomy, Biology, Agroforestry, Legumes, Forage, and 3 moreLegume, Palatability, and Perennial Plant
The allelopathic activity of soil from rhizosphere zone of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) grown under cover of Sorghum bicolor L. Sorghum sudanense Piper Staf. and Sorghum vulgare var. technicum Korn. on the initial development of Lactuca... more
The allelopathic activity of soil from rhizosphere zone of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) grown under cover of Sorghum bicolor L. Sorghum sudanense Piper Staf. and Sorghum vulgare var. technicum Korn. on the initial development of Lactuca sativa L. was assessed. The experiment was performed under laboratory conditions at the Institute of Forage Crops - Pleven, Bulgaria (2018-19). The highest inhibition effect showed the soil from the rhizosphere zone of Sorghum vulgare var. technicum (17.44) pure grown; alfalfa, grown under cover of Sorghum vulgare var. technicum (14.56) and alfalfa, grown under cover of Sorghum bicolor + Sorghum vulgare var. technicum (16.94). The lowest inhibition effect showed the soil from the alfalfa (6.32), Sorghum sudanense (7.62) both pure grown and alfalfa grown under cover of Sorghum bicolor (7.96). The results obtained indicate that depending on the allelopathic soil activity of Sorghum bicolor, Sorghum sudanense and Sorghum vulgare var. technicum, they can...
Research Interests: Agronomy, Biology, Allelopathy, Sorghum, Ulva lactuca, and 3 moreRhizosphere, Cover Crop, and Medicago sativa
The above-ground plant material and root mass of eight winter vetch genotypes (Vicia villosa Roth) varieties were studied. As a method of study and evaluation, the ecological and genetic models for the organization of the quantitative... more
The above-ground plant material and root mass of eight winter vetch genotypes (Vicia villosa Roth) varieties were studied. As a method of study and evaluation, the ecological and genetic models for the organization of the quantitative trait and the method of orthogonal regressions were applied. The study was conducted in 2014-2016 in the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. The highest and most stable seed yield was obtained at BGE001847 (87.69 kg /da), followed by BGE000643 (77.51 kg/da) and BGE004222 (72.42 kg/da). BGE000639 and Asko 1 were characterized by high variability and low seed yield (28.30 kg/da, 54.28 kg/da). The highest yielding and most stable in relation to green mass were varieties BGE000643 (3736.32 kg/da) and BGE001847 (3206.33 kg/da). Strong genes of physiological systems attraction and adaptability by fresh aboveground and root mass weight have been identified as BGE000637, and varieties BGE000639, BGE000643, BGE001383, Asko 1 and BGE004222 had good adaptation by seeds weight per plant and root mass weight. Due to the high productive capacity of seed and green mass, as well as the high root mass weight, these patterns represent a particular interest for the needs of combinatorial breeding.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Peas are among the most common and widely cultivated annual legumes. Productivity potential of most modern pea varieties is high but limited by their low homeostasis and sensitivity to abiotic stress, i.e., the varieties tend to reduce... more
Peas are among the most common and widely cultivated annual legumes. Productivity potential of most modern pea varieties is high but limited by their low homeostasis and sensitivity to
abiotic stress, i.e., the varieties tend to reduce adaptability. Therefore, one of the main challenge in
pea breeding is to create an optimal genotype capable of realizing the biological potential and adequately responding to changes in growing conditions. Therefore, environmental testing remains relevant. This paper is the first assessment of the breeding samples of the pea working collection (Maritsa
Vegetable Crop Research Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria) with respect to their ability to form economically
significant quantitative traits. Three sources of variability (genotype, environment, and genotype-environment interaction) were found to be statistically significant for the total number of pods, the number
of productive nodes with two pods per plant, pod weight, and grain weight. In 2018-2020, the phenotypic stability of ten pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes was assessed, including four perspective lines
(22/16-af, 22/16-n, B4/34-n, and 1/17-n) and six varieties (Kazino-af, Plovdiv-n, Marsy-n, Echo-af,
Shugar dwarf-n, and Vecherniza-n). The main examined quantitative traits were the number of pods
per plant, the number of fertile nodes with one pod per plant, the number of fertile nodes with two
pods per plant, pod length, pod width, pod weight per plant, and grain weight per plant. The effect of
all factors of variation on the number of pods per plant, number of fertile nodes with two pods per
plant, weight of pods per plant, and grain weight per plant is statistically significant. The strongest was
the effect of the environmental factor on the manifestation of the number of pods per plant (52.20 %)
and the number of fertile nodes with two pods per plant (59.00 %). The genotype factor has the largest
contribution to the total variability of the weight of pods per plant (64.10 %) and grain weight per
plant (67.40 %). Therefore, an effective breeding should be focusing on these traits regardless of the
environmental conditions. The number of pods per plant and pod length requires more trials to give a
more accurate estimate due to the superiority of the genotype½environment interaction variance over
the genotype variance. Our findings indicate that the varieties Marsy-n and Echo-af are the most
valuable genotypes for the number of pods per plant. The varieties Kazino-af, Plovdiv-n and the line
1/17-ob are highly variable and form fewer pods. For pod weight, all genotypes showed good responsiveness, especially Plovdiv-n (bi = 2.68), 1/17-ob (bi = 2.63), and Marsy-n (bi = 2.18), all three
having a higher pod weight, and the Echo-af variety shows better stability (bi = 1.39; Si
2 = 1.91). For
the grain weight per plant, the Marsy-n (bi = 3.08), 1/17-ob (bi = 2.62), and Plovdiv-n (bi = 4.02)
are highly productive but also the most variable.
abiotic stress, i.e., the varieties tend to reduce adaptability. Therefore, one of the main challenge in
pea breeding is to create an optimal genotype capable of realizing the biological potential and adequately responding to changes in growing conditions. Therefore, environmental testing remains relevant. This paper is the first assessment of the breeding samples of the pea working collection (Maritsa
Vegetable Crop Research Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria) with respect to their ability to form economically
significant quantitative traits. Three sources of variability (genotype, environment, and genotype-environment interaction) were found to be statistically significant for the total number of pods, the number
of productive nodes with two pods per plant, pod weight, and grain weight. In 2018-2020, the phenotypic stability of ten pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes was assessed, including four perspective lines
(22/16-af, 22/16-n, B4/34-n, and 1/17-n) and six varieties (Kazino-af, Plovdiv-n, Marsy-n, Echo-af,
Shugar dwarf-n, and Vecherniza-n). The main examined quantitative traits were the number of pods
per plant, the number of fertile nodes with one pod per plant, the number of fertile nodes with two
pods per plant, pod length, pod width, pod weight per plant, and grain weight per plant. The effect of
all factors of variation on the number of pods per plant, number of fertile nodes with two pods per
plant, weight of pods per plant, and grain weight per plant is statistically significant. The strongest was
the effect of the environmental factor on the manifestation of the number of pods per plant (52.20 %)
and the number of fertile nodes with two pods per plant (59.00 %). The genotype factor has the largest
contribution to the total variability of the weight of pods per plant (64.10 %) and grain weight per
plant (67.40 %). Therefore, an effective breeding should be focusing on these traits regardless of the
environmental conditions. The number of pods per plant and pod length requires more trials to give a
more accurate estimate due to the superiority of the genotype½environment interaction variance over
the genotype variance. Our findings indicate that the varieties Marsy-n and Echo-af are the most
valuable genotypes for the number of pods per plant. The varieties Kazino-af, Plovdiv-n and the line
1/17-ob are highly variable and form fewer pods. For pod weight, all genotypes showed good responsiveness, especially Plovdiv-n (bi = 2.68), 1/17-ob (bi = 2.63), and Marsy-n (bi = 2.18), all three
having a higher pod weight, and the Echo-af variety shows better stability (bi = 1.39; Si
2 = 1.91). For
the grain weight per plant, the Marsy-n (bi = 3.08), 1/17-ob (bi = 2.62), and Plovdiv-n (bi = 4.02)
are highly productive but also the most variable.
Research Interests:
The genetic diversity of grass pea genotypes from the collection of the Institute of Forage Crops-Pleven, Bulgaria was studied. The effect of the environment and genotype on the number of leaves per plant, fresh and dry root weight and... more
The genetic diversity of grass pea genotypes from the collection of the Institute of Forage Crops-Pleven, Bulgaria was studied. The effect of the environment and genotype on the number of leaves per plant, fresh and dry root weight and dry root weight of the plant have been demonstrated. The genotype factor had a greater effect on the number of nodules per plant, the weight of the dry stems and the number of pods per plant, while the environment affected the number of leaves per plant, the fresh weight of the leaves and the number of seeds per plant. The phenotypic variation in number and weight of nodules, fresh weight of leaves and stems, number and weight of plant seeds and fresh weight of plant was found stronger, however the genotypic variation was stronger in the number of leaves, fresh and dry root weight, weight of dry stems and weight of dry root mass. The signs of fresh plant weight, fresh leaf weight, number of branches and weight of seeds per plant had high values of coefficient of inheritance and moderate genetic progress (GA), suggesting that the selection may be successful in improving them.
Research Interests:
Nikolova, I. M., Georgieva, N. A. & Marinova, V. (2020). Effect of growing legumes as pure and mixed crops on Otiorrhynchus ligustici L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) damage. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 26 (4), 835–840 A field trial was carried... more
Nikolova, I. M., Georgieva, N. A. & Marinova, V. (2020). Effect of growing legumes as pure and mixed crops on Otiorrhynchus ligustici L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) damage. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 26 (4), 835–840 A field trial was carried out at the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria to determine the effect of the growing legumes as pure and mixed crops on the damage of Otiorrhynchus ligustici L. The study was performed for the period 2015–2017 on sainfoin, birdsfoot trefoil and alfalfa stands (grown alone) and in mixtures with cocksfoot, sowed under cover of spring forage pea. In mixed crops, the O. ligustici damage expressed through the number of holes and furrows, as well as their length, was reduced by 22.7, 33.3 and 18.2%, respectively. Alfalfa was the most preference crop by the alfalfa snout beetle and birdsfoot trefoil was less affected. In addition, the distance of the spiral furrows from the root collar and legume root length increased in mixtures by 19.0 and 3.0% t...
The adaptive capabilities of pea specimens regarding some quantitative characteristics were assessed. Ten garden pea genotypes were used, three of them (Echo-af., Kazino-af. and line 22/16-af.) had afila leaf type, while the other seven... more
The adaptive capabilities of pea specimens regarding some quantitative characteristics were assessed. Ten garden pea genotypes were used, three of them (Echo-af., Kazino-af. and line 22/16-af.) had afila leaf type, while the other seven (Marsy-n.
Research Interests:
To assess the phenotypic and genotypic relationships among basic quantitative indicators in grass pea the field experiment was performed in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria during the period of 2014-2016. Correlation (r)... more
To assess the phenotypic and genotypic relationships among basic quantitative indicators in grass pea the field experiment was performed in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria during the period of 2014-2016. Correlation (r) and regression (R) analysis were applied. Six grass pea accessions were used. For the most of the indicators, phenotypic relationships were found slightly lower than the values of the coefficients of their genetic correlations. The next phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients were distinguished with significant medium to strong relationships: fresh plant weight with: number of leaves (r=0.99; r=0.86; r=0.88), fresh leaves weight (r=0.98, r=0.96, r=0.99) and fresh stems weight (r=0.85; r=0.97; r=0.91); fresh leaves weight with: number of branches (r=0.66; r=0.69; r=0.58) and number of pods (r=0.48; r=0.12; r=0.48); number of branches with: fresh plant weight (r=0.52, r=0.69; r=0.62), number of leaves (r=0.54, r=0.53; r=0.49) and fresh leaves ...
Research Interests:
Nitrogen use efficiency and life cycle of root nodules in alfalfa after different mineral fertilization and soil cultivation practices were studied. Field trial was conducted in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria on leached... more
Nitrogen use efficiency and life cycle of root nodules in alfalfa after different mineral fertilization and soil cultivation practices were studied. Field trial was conducted in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria on leached chernozem subsoil type and no irrigation. The next treatments were tested: i) for fertilization as follows: N0P0K0 (control); N60P100K80 (an accepted technology); N23P100K35 (nitrogen was applied 1/2 in first year of growing and 1/2 in third year); N23P100K35 (nitrogen was supplied pre-sowing); N35P80K50, and Аmophose - 250 kg/ha, calculated at fertilizing rates N27P120K0; ii) for soil cultivation as follows: soil loosing 10-12 cm, plough at depth 12-15 cm, 22-24 cm (an accepted technology), 18-22 cm and 30-35 cm. It was found that soil cultivation and mineral fertilization had effect on nitrogen use efficiency and life cycle of root nodules in Alfalfa. Nitrogen use efficiency was found to be highest at N23P100K35 and plough at the depth of 22-24 cm....
Research Interests:
Kosev, V., Vasileva, V., & Acar, Z. (2019). Adaptability and productive potential of initial material from grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 25(5), 994–1000 The adaptive properties of six grass... more
Kosev, V., Vasileva, V., & Acar, Z. (2019). Adaptability and productive potential of initial material from grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 25(5), 994–1000 The adaptive properties of six grass pea varieties (BGE027129, BGE015741, BGE025277, LAT4362, LA5108 and LAT5038) were studied by the signs plant height (cm), aboveground mass weight (leaves + stems) (g), pods per plant, seeds per plant, seed weight per plant (g) and nodule weight (g). The study was conducted in 2014-2016 in the experimental fi eld of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. Varieties with high general and specifi c adaptive ability, relative stability and selection value on the traits studied were identifi ed. BGE027129 was characterized by high selective value of the number of pods, number of seeds and seed weight per plant, and BGE015741 by the plant height, number of seeds and seed weight per plant, respectively. Interest for the combinatorial selection is th...
Research Interests:
Vasileva, V., T. Kertikov and A. Ilieva, 2017. Dry mass yield and amount of fi xed nitrogen in some forage legume crops after treatment with organic fertilizer Humustim. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 23 (5): 816–819 The study aimed to establish... more
Vasileva, V., T. Kertikov and A. Ilieva, 2017. Dry mass yield and amount of fi xed nitrogen in some forage legume crops after treatment with organic fertilizer Humustim. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 23 (5): 816–819 The study aimed to establish some changes in agronomic indicators of spring forage peas (Pisum sativum L., variety Pleven 4) and vetch (Vicia sativa L., variety Obrazets 666) after application of organic fertilizer Humustim. The experiment was carried out on the experimental fi eld of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria in three consecutive years. The fertilizer was applied through i) presowing treatment of seeds, ii) during vegetation and iii) combination of both. The observations showed that dry mass yield in both crops increased signifi cantly after presowing treatment of seeds with Humustim at the dose of 1.2 L/t + one treatment during vegetation (in vetch with 19.8%, and in peas with 20.1%), under high sustainable yield index. The amount of fi xed nitrogen in pe...
Research Interests:
The aim of the present study was to determine the phenotypic diversity in 57 pea accessions determined by conventional CPVO descriptors. The study was conducted in the period 2019-2020 under irrigation conditions in the experimental field... more
The aim of the present study was to determine the phenotypic diversity in 57 pea accessions determined by conventional CPVO descriptors. The study was conducted in the period 2019-2020 under irrigation conditions in the experimental field of the Maritsa Vegetable Crop Research Institute (MVCRI), Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Based on the analysis, the studied materials of peas do not have anthocyanin coloration; the majority of plants are medium tall with an average number of nodes up to and including the first fertile node; with green colour foliage; common leaf type; flecking stipules; white flowers and two pods per node. The pods are green, short and medium long with a medium width and the presence of a parchment; blunt shape of distal part (blunt ending); an average number of ovules from which develop an average of five light to dark green grains. Five groups of peas were differentiated according to the time of flowering according to CPVO-TQ / 007/2. The hierarchical cluster analysis was a...
Research Interests:
The creation of varieties which to a bigger extent realize their biological capabilities in a wide range of environments is considered as an important task for the breeding of vetches. In this study winter vetch varieties of different... more
The creation of varieties which to a bigger extent realize their biological capabilities in a wide range of environments is considered as an important task for the breeding of vetches. In this study winter vetch varieties of different origin have been tested on basic quantitative signs and indicators in a three year field experiment. Both, aboveground and root biomass of plants were analyzed. The hierarchical cluster analysis was applied to group the genotypes by similarity. Relationships between the signs tested were found after correlation analyses. A significant variability was found of nodule weight per plant (110.39%), aboveground mass fresh weight/root mass fresh weight ratio (74.67%), number of nodules per plant (66.56%), fresh stem weight (59.45%) and fresh root weight (58.38%). The stem length (9.14%) and root length (11.58%) are characterized by a higher stability. High coefficient of inheritance was obtained for the plant height (65.2%), nodule number per plant (33.37%) a...
Article info: Received: 27 August 2014 Accepted: 13 November 2014 ABSTRACT Root biomass accumulation in spring and winter varieties and hybrids pea was recorded in field experiment in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria... more
Article info: Received: 27 August 2014 Accepted: 13 November 2014 ABSTRACT Root biomass accumulation in spring and winter varieties and hybrids pea was recorded in field experiment in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria (2011-2013). Spring (Shtambovyi and Pleven 4) and winter (Rosacrono and Pleven 10) varieties and their hybrids (Shtambovyi x Pleven 10 and Rosacrono х Pleven 4) (in first and second generation, F1 and F2) were investigated for fresh and dry root biomass accumulation at three phenological stages of plant development (budding, beginning of flowering and maturity). It was found that the tested varieties and hybrids pea accumulated different amount root biomass at the different stages of plant development. Pleven 10 (67.5 kg/da fresh and 11.28 kg/da dry root biomass) and Rosacrono х Pleven 4 (F1) (68.7 kg/da fresh and 14.8 kg/da dry root biomass) accumulated the greatest amount of root biomass at the budding stage. Winter variety Rosocrono accumulated the gre...
Research Interests:
An attempt a transition from a selection based on the concepts of "gene-character" to selection of genetic-physiological systems was done suggesting an ecologo-genetical model for control of the quantitative traits in white... more
An attempt a transition from a selection based on the concepts of "gene-character" to selection of genetic-physiological systems was done suggesting an ecologo-genetical model for control of the quantitative traits in white lupin. Plant material of the aboveground and root mass of 7 varieties of white lupin different originated was analyzed: PI457923 (Greece), PI368911 (Czech Republic), PI533704 (Spain), PI457938 (Morocco), KALI (Poland), Zuter (France) and Lucky801 (France). The study was performed on the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria during three subsequent years (2014-2016). The ecologo-genetical models for organization of the quantitative traits and method of the orthogonal regressions were applied as methods for assessment. The highest average seed yield was found at Lucky801 (208.67 kg/da) and PI533704 (151.92 kg/da). PI368911, PI457938 and KALI were characterized by high variability and seed yields (90.00 kg/da, 80.08 kg/da, 8...
Research Interests:
The field trial was conducted during the growing season 2017-2019 in the experimental fields of the Maritsa Vegetable Crop Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The study used 10 samples of garden peas (Pisum sativum L). for measurement. Plant... more
The field trial was conducted during the growing season 2017-2019 in the experimental fields of the Maritsa Vegetable Crop Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The study used 10 samples of garden peas (Pisum sativum L). for measurement. Plant tall (?m), height to first fertile node (?m), length of internode (cm), number of tillers, number of branches, number of ineffective nodes, total number of nodes, total number of pods per plant, one pod per fruiting handle, two pods per fruiting handle, pod length (?m), pod width (?m), pod weight per plant, weight of green grains per plant (g), % filled grains, % unfilled grains, average number of grains per pod were assessed. Analysis variance showed significant differences between the genotypes of garden peas in all the traits studied. A lower level of the genetic variance was found compared to the phenotypic one by the number of branches, total number of nodes and one pod per fruiting handle. The coefficient of genetic variation is higher than the ...
Research Interests:
Biochemical assessment of the aboveground biomass of 8 winter vetch (Vicia villosa) varieties was performed in two stages of plant development - beginning of flowering and technical maturity of seeds. Field trial was carried out in the... more
Biochemical assessment of the aboveground biomass of 8 winter vetch (Vicia villosa) varieties was performed in two stages of plant development - beginning of flowering and technical maturity of seeds. Field trial was carried out in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria (2014-2016). The variability in crude protein (CP) content (5.55 - 6.12%), calcium (8.17 - 9.87) and phosphorus (5.34 - 6.74%) in both phenological stages was weak. The variation of crude fiber (CF) content (6.02 - 11.08%) and crude ash (CA) (7.42 - 10.88%) was found stronger. At the beginning of flowering with a higher crude protein content Asko 1 (21.78%) and BGE001076 (21.53%), phosphorus content BGE001076 (0.48%), BGE004222 and BGE000643 (0.47%) were distinguished. In the technical maturity stage with a high crude protein content BGE004222 (20.51%) and BGE001847 (20.07%) are characterized and with phosphorus BGE004222 (0.38%). Positive statistically significant relationship was found between the grain yield and crude protein content (r = 0.58).
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Research Interests:
The study was conducted in 2014-2016 on the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. Aboveground and root biomass plant material of seven white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) varieties different originated was... more
The study was conducted in 2014-2016 on the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. Aboveground and root biomass plant material of seven white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) varieties different originated was analyzed in two phenological stages. Plants were analyzed for height, fresh weight, number of leaves, nodule number and nodule weight in the beginning of flowering stage, and for number of pods, number of seeds and seed weight in the technical maturity stage. Degree of earliness of varieties was assessing as well. The group of ultra early varieties can be defined PI533704 and Zuter varieties with coefficient of earliness 1.00, to early - PI368911, PI457938 and KALI (coefficient of earliness 1.25), and to late Lucky801 and PI457923 (coefficient of earliness >1.66). A strong positive correlation was found between the seed productivity with number of seeds per plant (r=0.943) and plant height (r=0.765); close relationship of fresh aboveground mass weigh...
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The trial was carried out during the period of 2011-2013 on the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. Populations of P1, P2, F2 and F1 of the crosses Shtambovyi х Pleven 10 and Rosacrono х Pleven 4 were... more
The trial was carried out during the period of 2011-2013 on the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. Populations of P1, P2, F2 and F1 of the crosses Shtambovyi х Pleven 10 and Rosacrono х Pleven 4 were investigated. It was found the performance of heterosis effect in regard to characteristics studied in F1 hybrids. Shtambovyi х Pleven 10 showed the highest positive true heterosis in regard to fresh weight of aboveground mass, nodule number and root length. Rosacrono х Pleven 4 shoved the highest positive true heterosis in regard to fresh weight of aboveground mass, seeds weight and fresh root weight. Plants from the two hybrids were the most depressed in F2 in regard to fresh weight of root and aboveground mass. The traits root length, fresh weight of root mass and seeds weight per plant in both crosses inherited positively over dominantly. There were dominated genes determining longer root system and higher dry weight, as well as higher seeds weight. As a result of prevailing negative epistatic interactions to reduce the degree of phenotypic expression of these characteristics in comparison to their full additive inheritance can be expected. Positively correlation interactions between specific nodulating ability and nodule weight per plant (r=0.957), and root length and fresh root weight (0.858) were found. Fresh root weight and root length had a maximal direct effect on fresh mass and grain productivity. The mass selection for seed weight, nodule weight, aboveground fresh weight and nodule number could start in F2-F3 for Shtambovyi х Pleven 10. For Rosacrono х Pleven 4 the mass selection for phenotype of the characteristics studied will be more effective if started as early as in F6-F7 or by multiple individual selection applying.
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Research Interests:
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To assess the phenotypic and genotypic relationships among basic quantitative indicators in grass pea the field experiment was performed in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria during the period of 2014-2016. Correlation (r)... more
To assess the phenotypic and genotypic relationships among basic quantitative indicators in grass pea the field experiment was performed in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria during the period of 2014-2016. Correlation (r) and regression (R) analysis were applied. Six grass pea accessions were used. For the most of the indicators, phenotypic relationships were found slightly lower than the values of the coefficients of their genetic correlations. The next phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients were distinguished with significant medium to strong relationships: fresh plant weight with: number of leaves (r=0.99; r=0.86; r=0.88), fresh leaves weight (r=0.98, r=0.96, r=0.99) and fresh stems weight (r=0.85; r=0.97; r=0.91); fresh leaves weight with: number of branches (r=0.66; r=0.69; r=0.58) and number of pods (r=0.48; r=0.12; r=0.48); number of branches with: fresh plant weight (r=0.52, r=0.69; r=0.62), number of leaves (r=0.54, r=0.53; r=0.49) and fresh leaves weight (r=0.66, r=0.69; r=0.58). Most significant effect for the formation of seed productivity under the different conditions of the years of study have the signs of fresh root weight (R=4.829; R=2.449; R=0.01), dry stems weight (R=0.369; R=0.507; R=0.387), fresh leaves weight (R=0.297; R=0.101; R=0.097), fresh stems weight (R=0.059; R=2.027; R=0.95) and number of pods (R=0.184; R=0.095; R=0.052), but negatively exert a fresh plant weight (R=-0.044; R=-1.882; R=-1.017) and nodule number (R=-0.04; R=-0.03; R=-0.034). In the selection work the seed productivity can be increased by paying attention to these signs.
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Utility of lucerne crop fertilization with nitrogen fertilizer has been discussed in literature with controversy. In this study experiment was conducted to determine the effect of mineral nitrogen at the doses of 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg... more
Utility of lucerne crop fertilization with nitrogen fertilizer has been discussed in literature with controversy. In this study experiment was conducted to determine the effect of mineral nitrogen at the doses of 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg N/kg on some characteristics of lucerne under induced water deficiency stress at the stage of budding in a pot trial. It was found that mineral nitrogen at the doses of 120 and 160 mg N/kg soil increased the productivity of dry top mass by 17 and 23% in conditions of optimum moisture, and by 9% in conditions of water deficiency stress at the dose of 80 mg N/kg soil. Application of mineral nitrogen at the dose of 120 and 160 mg N/kg soil increased the quantity of dry root mass by 43 and 38% for the conditions of optimum moisture, and by 54-56% for conditions of water deficiency stress. Mineral nitrogen fertilizing at the dose of 40 mg N/kg soil had the lowest suppressive effect on the nodulation (11%). The dose of 160 mg N/kg soil was found to be toxic...
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Forage peas hybrid lines №PL, №11, №12A, №13, Taskent, Tore and Mir variety (standard) were studied for green mass yield and plastid pigments content. The study was performed in two locations both situated in the Central part of the... more
Forage peas hybrid lines №PL, №11, №12A, №13, Taskent, Tore and Mir variety (standard) were studied for green mass yield and plastid pigments content. The study was performed in two locations both situated in the Central part of the Danube hilly plain region of Bulgaria (2017-2019). Location A (43 o 23'N, 24 o 34'E, 230 m altitude), podzolized soil subtype; location B (43.41º N, 24.61º E), haplustoll soil subtype. For the first experimental year green mass yield for location A ranged between 1270 and 2484 kg/da. Lines №13 and №11 showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 23.47% and 38.15%, respectively. Green mass yield for location B ranged between 2144 and 2873 kg/da, and Tashkent variety and №13 showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 6.12% and 7.87%, respectively. For the second year green mass yield for location A ranged between 2144 and 2873 kg/da. №PL and №13 lines showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 6.94% and 7.20%. Green mass yield for location B ranged between 1158 and 1420 kg/da and №13 only showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 10.94%. On average for the period green mass yield for location A ranged between 1960 and 2547 kg/da and №11 and №13 lines showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 13.51% and 13.73%, respectively. Green mass yield for location B ranged between 882 and 1049 kg/da and Tore variety and №13 showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 8.13% and 9.87%, respectively. As a whole green mass yield was found higher for location A as compared to location B. The data were in correspondence with plastid pigments content: for location A-304.48 mg/100 g FW and for location B-282.18 mg/100 g FW.
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The effect of cultivation of alfalfa – alone and in mixtures with grass components (awnless bromegrass, cocksfoot, and combination with both components) on the degree of root damage by Otiorrhynchus ligustici Linnaeus (Coleoptera,... more
The effect of cultivation of alfalfa – alone and in mixtures with grass components (awnless bromegrass, cocksfoot, and combination with both components) on the degree of root damage by Otiorrhynchus ligustici Linnaeus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) and the productivity of dry aboveground and root biomass of crops was studied. The study was conducted at the Institute of Forage Crops - Pleven, Bulgaria, and covers the period 2018-2020. It was found that mixed cultivation of alfalfa with grass components has been shown to reduce root damage by O. ligustici compared to alfalfa pure crop. The least preferred, with the lowest degree of damage was a mixture of alfalfa with cocksfoot (50:50%), where the number of gnawed furrows and holes, and the length of the furrows decreased by 70.5, 71.4, and 23.1%, respectively, followed by a mixture of alfalfa with awnless bromegrass (50:50%). The mixed cultivation of legumes and grasses has a positive effect on the development of grass components compared to their pure cultivation, as the values of stem height, the number of stems, and root length have been shown to increase in mixtures. Cocksfoot in mixture with alfalfa has the highest values on all three indicators studied. Thus, the mixed cultivation of alfalfa with grass components significantly increased the productivity of dry aboveground and root biomass of the individual components in the mixtures and ensures yield stability over the years.
Research Interests:
The effect of cultivation of alfalfa-alone and in mixtures with grass components (awnless bromegrass, cocksfoot, and combination with both components) on the degree of root damage by Otiorrhynchus ligustici Linnaeus (Coleoptera,... more
The effect of cultivation of alfalfa-alone and in mixtures with grass components (awnless bromegrass, cocksfoot, and combination with both components) on the degree of root damage by Otiorrhynchus ligustici Linnaeus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) and the productivity of dry aboveground and root biomass of crops was studied. The study was conducted at the Institute of Forage Crops-Pleven, Bulgaria, and covers the period 2018-2020. It was found that mixed cultivation of alfalfa with grass components has been shown to reduce root damage by O. ligustici compared to alfalfa pure crop. The least preferred, with the lowest degree of damage was a mixture of alfalfa with cocksfoot (50:50%), where the number of gnawed furrows and holes, and the length of the furrows decreased by 70.5, 71.4, and 23.1%, respectively, followed by a mixture of alfalfa with awnless bromegrass (50:50%). The mixed cultivation of legumes and grasses has a positive effect on the development of grass components compared to their pure cultivation, as the values of stem height, the number of stems, and root length have been shown to increase in mixtures. Cocksfoot in mixture with alfalfa has the highest values on all three indicators studied. Thus, the mixed cultivation of alfalfa with grass components significantly increased the productivity of dry aboveground and root biomass of the individual components in the mixtures and ensures yield stability over the years.
Research Interests: Agronomy and Agriculture
The effect of cultivation of alfalfa-alone and in mixtures with grass components (awnless bromegrass, cocksfoot, and combination with both components) on the degree of root damage by Otiorrhynchus ligustici Linnaeus (Coleoptera,... more
The effect of cultivation of alfalfa-alone and in mixtures with grass components (awnless bromegrass, cocksfoot, and combination with both components) on the degree of root damage by Otiorrhynchus ligustici Linnaeus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) and the productivity of dry aboveground and root biomass of crops was studied. The study was conducted at the Institute of Forage Crops-Pleven, Bulgaria, and covers the period 2018-2020. It was found that mixed cultivation of alfalfa with grass components has been shown to reduce root damage by O. ligustici compared to alfalfa pure crop. The least preferred, with the lowest degree of damage was a mixture of alfalfa with cocksfoot (50:50%), where the number of gnawed furrows and holes, and the length of the furrows decreased by 70.5, 71.4, and 23.1%, respectively, followed by a mixture of alfalfa with awnless bromegrass (50:50%). The mixed cultivation of legumes and grasses has a positive effect on the development of grass components compared to their pure cultivation, as the values of stem height, the number of stems, and root length have been shown to increase in mixtures. Cocksfoot in mixture with alfalfa has the highest values on all three indicators studied. Thus, the mixed cultivation of alfalfa with grass components significantly increased the productivity of dry aboveground and root biomass of the individual components in the mixtures and ensures yield stability over the years.
Research Interests:
Plant material from aboveground biomass of 53 samples of pea different originated was analyzed during two consecutive years. The ecological-genetic model for the organization of the quantitative traits and the method of orthogonal... more
Plant material from aboveground biomass of 53 samples of pea different originated was analyzed during two consecutive years. The ecological-genetic model for the organization of the quantitative traits and the method of orthogonal regression were used. The following characteristics were studied: number of unproductive nodes per plant, number of productive nodes per plant, total number of nodes per plant; number of pods per plant, weight of pods per plant (g), weight of one pod (g), number of grain (green) per plant; weight of grains per plant (g), weight of one grain (g) and number of grains per pod. Mira, Marsi and Lincoln were distinguished by a larger total number of nodes per plant and a larger number of productive nodes per plant. Marsi (69.18 g), Lincoln (54.63 g), Izomrud (53.52 g) and Paldin (52.93 g) formed a larger number of pods in good combination with the weight of one grain per plant. Mira (105.50), Marsi (101.83), Vyatovo (97) and line 1855/3 (78.50) were distinguished by a large number of grains per plant, and Marsi (38.80 g), Izomrud (25.88 g), Mira (24.92 g), Puldin (24.38 g) and line 101i (24.22 g) had the highest weight of grains per plant. Lincoln, Marsi, Vyatovo and Mira were of interest and can be included in future hybridization schemes to obtain forms combining in one genotype a larger number of fertile nodes and a high weight of grains.
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Seven peas (Pisum sativum L.) varieties different originated, i.e, X07P54, X06PWY, NDPO80138-B-2, CA1P, L020140, Wt6803 and Mir were studied. Biochemical assessment of fresh aboveground biomass and seeds of peas varieties were done. At... more
Seven peas (Pisum sativum L.) varieties different originated, i.e, X07P54, X06PWY, NDPO80138-B-2, CA1P, L020140, Wt6803 and Mir were studied. Biochemical assessment of fresh aboveground biomass and seeds of peas varieties were done. At the beginning of flowering stage the NDPO80138-B-2 and X07P54 were reported high levels for crude protein (22.33% and 21.87%), crude fibre (25.94% and 25.76%) and crude ash (10.39% and 9.47%). In technical maturity with high crude protein and crude fibre contents NDPO80138-B-2 (21.59% and 21.38%), X06PWY (19.95% and 21.36%), X07P54 (19.78% and 20.57%) and CA1P (19.60% and 22.53%) were distinguished; by calcium CA1P (2.09%), and by phosphorus Wt6803 (0.54%). More significant variability in phosphorus content (21.27%) and Ca:P ratio (25.65%) in fresh biomass was observed. The lowest coefficient of variation was found for crude fibre (5.43%), crude ash (7.81%) and crude protein content (9.00%). The variability of parameters in technical maturity was foun...
Biochemical assessment of fresh aboveground biomass and seeds of peas varieties were done. At the beginning of flowering stage the NDPO80138-B-2 and X07P54 were reported high levels for crude protein (22.33% and 21.87%), crude fibre... more
Biochemical assessment of fresh aboveground biomass and seeds of peas varieties were done. At the beginning of flowering stage the NDPO80138-B-2 and X07P54 were reported high levels for crude protein (22.33% and 21.87%), crude fibre (25.94% and 25.76%) and crude ash (10.39% and 9.47%). In technical maturity with high crude protein and crude fibre contents NDPO80138-B-2 (21.59% and 21.38%), X06PWY (19.95% and 21.36%), X07P54 (19.78% and 20.57%) and CA1P (19.60% and 22.53%) were distinguished; by calcium CA1P (2.09%), and by phosphorus Wt6803 (0.54%). More significant variability in phosphorus content (21.27%) and Ca:P ratio (25.65%) in fresh biomass was observed. The lowest coefficient of variation was found for crude fibre (5.43%), crude ash (7.81%) and crude protein content (9.00%). The variability of parameters in technical maturity was found low and ranges from 2.34% for crude protein to 9.27 for phosphorus. The green mass yield is positively correlated with the calcium content (r = 0.581), phosphorus (r = 0.316) and crude ash (r = 0.077) and the seed yield positive correlated with calcium content (r = 0.79). The relationships found between qualitative indicators could be used in the breeding programs of peas.
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Some basic quantitative signs and phenological indicators were analyzed for samples of seven forage peas (Pisum sativum L.) of different origins. Plant material from both, aboveground and root biomass was analyzed: i) in the beginning of... more
Some basic quantitative signs and phenological indicators were analyzed for samples of seven forage peas (Pisum sativum L.) of different origins. Plant material from both, aboveground and root biomass was analyzed: i) in the beginning of flowering stage: plant height (cm), fresh stem weight (g), dry stem weight (g), root length (cm), fresh root mass weight (g), dry root mass weight (g), nodules per plant and nodule weight per plant (g); in the technological maturity of seeds stage: number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant (g), number of seeds per pod and seed weight per pod (g). Broad sense heritability (Hbs) was calculated. Hierarchical cluster analysis was applied for the grouping of genotypes by similarity and correlation analysis for the finding the relationships between the signs and their variability. Specimens which meet the highest plant length requirements, green mass yield root length, number and weight of nodules were shown. They are considered as suitable for inclusion as parent components in future breeding programs. Some correlations were found, i.e. between the fresh stem weight and the nodules (r = +0.951), between the nodule number and the root length (r = +0.949) and between the weight and the number of seeds (r = +0.950). The findings could be of use for the breeding process in peas.
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Conventional agriculture created ecological and sociological problems worldwide. Practicing organic agriculture need profitable crop such as lucerne, no tillage to destroy the soil structure, usage of natural symbiotic N2 fixation to... more
Conventional agriculture created ecological and sociological problems worldwide. Practicing organic agriculture need profitable crop such as lucerne, no tillage to destroy the soil structure, usage of natural symbiotic N2 fixation to support nutrition and reduce damages from climatic changes such as droughts and also to supply animals for food. The efficiency of manure fertilization for the production of forage, seeds and root mass after four years of lucerne cultivation was examined in the field experiment,in addition their effect on the following crop such as oat. The trial was performed in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria on leached chernozem soil subtype without irrigation. The well matured cattle manure in the following doses was used: dose 1 - 20.7 t.ha-1 corresponding to 70 kg N. ha-1 (active substance); dose 2 - 41.5 t. ha-1 corresponding to 140 kg N. ha-1 and dose 3 - 62.1 t.ha-1 corresponding to 210 kg N ha-1. It was found that, the highest organic fertiliz...
Conventional agriculture created ecological and sociological problems worldwide. Practicing organic agriculture need profitable crop such as lucerne, no tillage to destroy the soil structure, usage of natural symbiotic N2 fixation to... more
Conventional agriculture created ecological and sociological problems worldwide. Practicing organic agriculture need profitable crop such as lucerne, no tillage to destroy the soil structure, usage of natural symbiotic N2 fixation to support nutrition and reduce damages from climatic changes such as droughts and also to supply animals for food. The efficiency of manure fertilization for the production of forage, seeds and root mass after four years of lucerne cultivation was examined in the field experiment,in addition their effect on the following crop such as oat. The trial was performed in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria on leached chernozem soil subtype without irrigation. The well matured cattle manure in the following doses was used: dose 1 - 20.7 t.ha-1 corresponding to 70 kg N. ha-1 (active substance); dose 2 - 41.5 t. ha-1 corresponding to 140 kg N. ha-1 and dose 3 - 62.1 t.ha-1 corresponding to 210 kg N ha-1. It was found that, the highest organic fertiliz...
Biochemical assessment of aboveground biomass and seeds of 7 white lupin varieties different originated (PI457923, PI368911, PI533704, PI457938, KALI, Zuter and Lucky801) was performed and some correlation dependencies were determined. In... more
Biochemical assessment of aboveground biomass and seeds of 7 white lupin varieties different originated
(PI457923, PI368911, PI533704, PI457938, KALI, Zuter and Lucky801) was performed and some correlation dependencies were determined. In the beginning of flowering stage with high maximum values of the next indicators are distinguished the varieties: PI457923 for crude protein content (16.91%), calcium (1.32%) and phosphorus (0.46%); and in the technological maturity of the seeds PI368911 and Lucky801 for crude protein (30.14%, 28.88%); PI457923 and KALI for calcium (0.77%) and PI457938 for phosphorus (0.123%).
(PI457923, PI368911, PI533704, PI457938, KALI, Zuter and Lucky801) was performed and some correlation dependencies were determined. In the beginning of flowering stage with high maximum values of the next indicators are distinguished the varieties: PI457923 for crude protein content (16.91%), calcium (1.32%) and phosphorus (0.46%); and in the technological maturity of the seeds PI368911 and Lucky801 for crude protein (30.14%, 28.88%); PI457923 and KALI for calcium (0.77%) and PI457938 for phosphorus (0.123%).
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Pen Academic is an independent international publisher committed to publishing academic books, journals, encyclopedias, handbooks of research of the highest quality in the fields of Education, Social Sciences, Science and Agriculture. Pen... more
Pen Academic is an independent international publisher committed to publishing academic books, journals, encyclopedias, handbooks of research of the highest quality in the fields of Education, Social Sciences, Science and Agriculture. Pen Academic created an open access system to spread the scientific knowledge freely.
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In a three-year field experiment conducted at the Institute of Forage Crops-Pleven (2016-2018) the adaptive potential of winter pea genotypes for green mass and grain yield was assessed. Five hybrid lines of winter peas with a different... more
In a three-year field experiment conducted at the Institute of Forage Crops-Pleven (2016-2018) the adaptive potential of winter pea genotypes for green mass and grain yield was assessed. Five hybrid lines of winter peas with a different morphology of the compound leaf: No.12, No.13, No.14-ordinary type ("AFAF-TLTL-STST"); No.6-afila type (semi-leafless-"afaf-TLTL ST-ST"); No.9-double recessive type "pleiofila" (tendril acacia) and variety Mir (control) were the subject of the study. The morphotype was found to affect the adaptive potential of genotypes. The greatest adaptability was found for genotypes with ordinary leaf type, followed by the double-recessive type of pleiophile. In terms of green mass yield, lines No.9 and No.13 were characterized by high general adaptive response (110%, 107%), high genetic flexibility (17.36, 17.76) and potential productivity (2007 kg/ha, 2059 kg/ha). The lines No.14 (195 kg/da), No.6 (195 kg/da) and No.12A (174 kg/da) have high grain productivity, coefficient of adaptability over 100%, high genetic flexibility (1.86, 1.65 and 1.65) and a high grain index (0.91, 0.62 and 0.85), which characterizes them as promising in the direction of grain production. The study aimed at to analyze winter forage pea lines to create new genotypes with increased adaptive potential in terms of green mass and grain yield.
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Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate genotype × environment interactions and stability parameters of seven pea varieties by basic quantitative traits and to determine their suitability as initial material for future breeding... more
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate genotype × environment interactions and stability parameters of seven pea varieties by basic quantitative traits and to determine their suitability as initial material for future breeding programmes. Research Method: Both, above ground and root biomass of plants were analysed. Following characteristics were assessed in the beginning of flowering stage: plant height (cm), leaf fresh weight (g), stem fresh weight (g), root fresh weight (g), nodule number per plant, nodule weight per plant (g). Biometric measurements were made to 10 plants of each variety. Regression analysis, analysis of variance, non-parametrical analyses were used. All experimental data were processed statistically using the computer software GENES 2009.7.0 for Windows XP. Findings: Wt6803 variety could be selected as the most promising selection material in terms of plant height and number of nodules, but in terms of leaf fresh weight and stem fresh weight NDPO80138-B-2 and Mir varieties, respectively. Value: Pea varieties of breeding interest with regard to the both, genotype environment interaction and stability of quantitative traits were shown. They could be actively used in the creation of new varieties with increased general adaptability.
Research Interests:
Correlation dependences of quantitative traits are of importance for further breeding process in crops. Trial with 10 samples of garden pea was performed during three years period. Both phenotypic and genotypic relationships between major... more
Correlation dependences of quantitative traits are of importance for further breeding process in crops. Trial with 10 samples of garden pea was performed during three years period. Both phenotypic and genotypic relationships between major quantitative traits have been evaluated. For most of the quantitative indicators, the phenotypic relationships were found insignificantly lower than the values of their genetic correlation coefficients. The next correlation coefficients were found with significant genotype dependencies: between the plant height and internode length (r = 0.936); height to first fertile node and average number of grains per pod (r = 0.826); 2 pods per fruiting handle with pod weight per plant (r= 0.717); number of tillers with average number of grains per pod (r= 0.709); total number of pods per plant with 2 pods per fruiting handle (r= 0.981). Strong to average was found the dependence on the green grains weight with the pods weight (r = 0.942), % of unfilled grains (r = 0.813). The described correlations between the quantitative traits showеd the prospects for their use in the breeding process, depending on the tasks given.
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Pastures are considered as the primary and most economical source of nutrients for herbivores. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in chemical composition, plant cell wall fiber component and in vitro enzyme digestibility of... more
Pastures are considered as the primary and most economical source of nutrients for herbivores. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in chemical composition, plant cell wall fiber component and in vitro enzyme digestibility of the forage from first growth of natural and temporary pasture. In 2017, samples of both pastures were given from Mid-April in 7 days to determine changes in composition and in vitro digestibility. The average crude protein is approximately the same for both grasses (12.39% and 12.94%) and showed a tendency to decrease from the beginning to the end of the period. The rate of change in CF was more dynamic in temporary pasture, which increased by 49.37%. For the same period, the increase in CF in natural pasture was 40.80%, respectively. NDF content increased from 46.67 to 58.16%, or average by 3.57% units per week in natural grassland, and in temporary pasture by 45.71% to 57.77% respectively, or by 3.68 % units per week. ADF of temporary pasture increased by 4.35% units per week, while in natural pasture increased by 3.57% units per week. ADL in natural pasture increased by 0.974% per week, while in temporary pasture more dynamic changes were found and ADL increased more than twice for 4 weeks. Digestibility reduced at approximately the same rates in both pastures-temporary and natural by 24.21% and by 25.52%, respectively for period of 4 weeks.
Research Interests:
Forage peas hybrid lines №PL, №11, №12A, №13, Taskent, Tore and Mir variety (standard) were studied for green mass yield and plastid pigments content. The study was performed in two locations both situated in the Central part of the... more
Forage peas hybrid lines №PL, №11, №12A, №13, Taskent, Tore and Mir variety (standard) were studied for green mass yield and plastid pigments content. The study was performed in two locations both situated in the Central part of the Danube hilly plain region of Bulgaria (2017-2019). Location A (43 o 23'N, 24 o 34'E, 230 m altitude), podzolized soil subtype; location B (43.41º N, 24.61º E), haplustoll soil subtype. For the first experimental year green mass yield for location A ranged between 1270 and 2484 kg/da. Lines №13 and №11 showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 23.47% and 38.15%, respectively. Green mass yield for location B ranged between 2144 and 2873 kg/da, and Tashkent variety and №13 showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 6.12% and 7.87%, respectively. For the second year green mass yield for location A ranged between 2144 and 2873 kg/da. №PL and №13 lines showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 6.94% and 7.20%. Green mass yield for location B ranged between 1158 and 1420 kg/da and №13 only showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 10.94%. On average for the period green mass yield for location A ranged between 1960 and 2547 kg/da and №11 and №13 lines showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 13.51% and 13.73%, respectively. Green mass yield for location B ranged between 882 and 1049 kg/da and Tore variety and №13 showed higher green mass yield than the standard by 8.13% and 9.87%, respectively. As a whole green mass yield was found higher for location A as compared to location B. The data were in correspondence with plastid pigments content: for location A-304.48 mg/100 g FW and for location B-282.18 mg/100 g FW.
Research Interests:
Trial with 10 samples of garden peas was performed on the experimental fields of the Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria during three years period. Three of samples had afila leaf type (Echo-af., Kazino-af. and... more
Trial with 10 samples of garden peas was performed on the experimental fields of the Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria during three years period. Three of samples had afila leaf type (Echo-af., Kazino-af. and line 22/16- af.), while the other seven (Marsy-n., Plovdiv-n., line 22/16-n., Shugar dwarf-n., Vecherniza-n., line B4/34-n. and line 1/17-n.) – normal leaf type. In the stage of technological maturity of 10 plants from each sample the next indicators were evaluated: plant height (сm), height to first fertile node (сm), internode length (сm), tillers number, branches number, ineffective nodes number, total number of nodes, total number of pods per plant, 1 pod per fruiting handle, 2 pods per fruiting handle, pod length (сm), pod width (сm), pod weight per plant (g), green grains weigh per plant (g), % filled grains, % unfilled grains, average number of grains per pod. Regression analysis was applied and based on the values of the regression coefficient (R) it was found the most significant role in the formation of grain productivity was attributed to total number of nodes (R = 1.190), pods weight (R = 0.610) and height to first fertile node (R = 0.162). The analysis allows determining through which structural elements of the yield it is possible to more effectively increase the productivity of green grains from plants. Based on the regression dependencies, the effectiveness of the selection performance in the sampled garden pea can be successfully predicted.
In the 21st century, agriculture faces the challenge of overcoming the negative effects of climate change while preserving the environment. The effective management of agricultural practice and better efficiency of using of natural... more
In the 21st century, agriculture faces the challenge of overcoming the negative effects of climate change while preserving the environment. The effective management of agricultural practice and better efficiency of using of natural resources is crucial to achieve this balance. In the paper the importance of forage crops, new methods in forage crops production aimed at environment protection, perennial versus annual crops, as well as energy crops were discussed. Due to the increase of global warming, the establishment of legume grass associations is considered as a new issue concerning more forage biomass production under drought conditions. The use of cover crops in the creation of perennial herbaceous mixtures is a new approach to sowing in the year of establishment. It is concluded that the under sowing of degraded seed production stands with some species, as example clovers is possible agro technical measurement. This measurement is considered as responsible to the challenges of agriculture nowadays for bigger resource use efficiency. Specially created energy crops have high productivity of biomass or vegetable oils, with short growing season and mechanized cultivation. Depending on their biological characteristics and their purpose for producing a specific energy product, energy crops are classified into: 1) Wood in short rotation (Paulownia, Poplar, Willow); 2) Grassland energy crops for the production of bioethanol or methane (Miscanthus, Bamboo, Corn, Sorghum, Wheat); 3) Grassland energy crops for the production of biodiesel (Sunflower, Oilseed rape, Soybean). Their role is also discussed in the paper. Research as a whole should focus both on the development of complete environmentally friendly technologies that meet the requirements of modern sustainable agriculture for the production of forage and seeds of both, annual and perennial herbaceous crops, as well as improving traditional, consistent priorities in the agrarian sector and the needs of farmers.
Research Interests:
Five hybrid lines of forage peas (No. 14, No. 6, No. 12A, No. 13 and No. 9) and the Mir variety (standard) were studied in terms of ripeness and yield of grain and green mass. The study was performed in the experimental field of Institute... more
Five hybrid lines of forage peas (No. 14, No. 6, No. 12A, No. 13 and No. 9) and the Mir variety
(standard) were studied in terms of ripeness and yield of grain and green mass. The study was
performed in the experimental field of Institute of Forage Crops - Pleven, Bulgaria (2016-
2018). The occurrence of the phenological stages beginning of flowering, full flowering, and
technical maturity (days) was monitored. At the full bottom pods stage the green mass yield
(kg/da), and at the technical maturity stage the grain yield (kg/da) were recorded. The line No.
14 (vegetation period 218 days) was found to develop faster than other lines. Plants from this
line enter the flowering stage much earlier than the Mir variety and reach technological maturity
at the earliest. At ripeness, the lines are arranged: line No. 14 (218 days), line No. 12А (222
days), Mir variety (224 days), line No. 6 (225 days) and line No. 13 (233 days). Lines No. 13
and PL managed in the most unfavorable environment to fully manifest their biological
potential and to accumulate more green mass (2007 and 2059 kg/da, respectively). In terms of
grain yield, line No. 14 exceeds the standard by 35.42% on average over the period. Grain yield
after it, lines No. 6 and 12А are ranked, with an excess of 21.53% and 20.83% respectively.
For breeding purposes line No. 14 may be used in terms of ripeness, lines No. 14, 2А and 6 in
terms of grain yield. The study is a contribution to the selection for the creation of new
genotypes of forage peas with pronounced ripeness, increased ecological stability of both, green
mass and grains.
(standard) were studied in terms of ripeness and yield of grain and green mass. The study was
performed in the experimental field of Institute of Forage Crops - Pleven, Bulgaria (2016-
2018). The occurrence of the phenological stages beginning of flowering, full flowering, and
technical maturity (days) was monitored. At the full bottom pods stage the green mass yield
(kg/da), and at the technical maturity stage the grain yield (kg/da) were recorded. The line No.
14 (vegetation period 218 days) was found to develop faster than other lines. Plants from this
line enter the flowering stage much earlier than the Mir variety and reach technological maturity
at the earliest. At ripeness, the lines are arranged: line No. 14 (218 days), line No. 12А (222
days), Mir variety (224 days), line No. 6 (225 days) and line No. 13 (233 days). Lines No. 13
and PL managed in the most unfavorable environment to fully manifest their biological
potential and to accumulate more green mass (2007 and 2059 kg/da, respectively). In terms of
grain yield, line No. 14 exceeds the standard by 35.42% on average over the period. Grain yield
after it, lines No. 6 and 12А are ranked, with an excess of 21.53% and 20.83% respectively.
For breeding purposes line No. 14 may be used in terms of ripeness, lines No. 14, 2А and 6 in
terms of grain yield. The study is a contribution to the selection for the creation of new
genotypes of forage peas with pronounced ripeness, increased ecological stability of both, green
mass and grains.
Research Interests:
The average area under soybean in the world was 121.53 million ha, yield was 2.76 t ha-1 and production 334.89 million t. The largest areas in the world were in the Americas, followed by Asia, Europe and Africa. The Americas is the top... more
The average area under soybean in the world was 121.53 million ha, yield was 2.76 t ha-1 and production 334.89 million t. The largest areas in the world were in the Americas, followed by Asia, Europe and Africa. The Americas is the top soybean producing continent and which provides 87.1% of global soybean production. The average area under soybean in Europe was 5.038 mil.ha, the average yield 2.08 t ha-1 and soybean production was 10,488,759 t. The highest yields of soybeans in Europe had: Serbia (3.16 t ha-1), Croatia (3.11 t ha-1), Austria (3.06 t ha-1), Slovenia (2.99 t ha-1), Germany (2.73 t ha-1), Switzerland (2.54 t ha-1), France (2.48t ha-1), etc. Serbia's average soybean production in 2016 was 576,446 tons and the yields were higher than the World yield by 0.4 t. Serbia has excellent conditions for soybeans production.
Research Interests:
Aim: The study aimed to access some changes in agronomic performance of spring forage pea and vetch after application of organic fertilizer Humustim. Material and Methods: The fertilizer was applied through i) presowing treatment of... more
Aim: The study aimed to access some changes in agronomic performance of spring forage pea and vetch after application of organic fertilizer Humustim.
Material and Methods: The fertilizer was applied through i) presowing treatment of seeds, ii) during vegetation and iii) combination of both. Field experiment was carried out in three consecutive years.
Results: Treated plants, both peas and vetch was more effective over nontreated with regard to important agronomic characteristics. Dry mass yield increased significantly after treatment of seeds with Humustim at the dose of 1.2 L t-1 + one treatment during vegetation; amount of fixed nitrogen and efficiency of utilization of nutrients of peas were found increased; pea’s plants accumulated in their dry mass to 42.5 kg ha-1 more nitrogen.
Conclusion: Based on the positive results, it is recommended the use of Humustim in the technology of cultivation of peas and vetch in modern trends of organic farming.
Material and Methods: The fertilizer was applied through i) presowing treatment of seeds, ii) during vegetation and iii) combination of both. Field experiment was carried out in three consecutive years.
Results: Treated plants, both peas and vetch was more effective over nontreated with regard to important agronomic characteristics. Dry mass yield increased significantly after treatment of seeds with Humustim at the dose of 1.2 L t-1 + one treatment during vegetation; amount of fixed nitrogen and efficiency of utilization of nutrients of peas were found increased; pea’s plants accumulated in their dry mass to 42.5 kg ha-1 more nitrogen.
Conclusion: Based on the positive results, it is recommended the use of Humustim in the technology of cultivation of peas and vetch in modern trends of organic farming.
Research Interests:
Ecological stability has been assessed by basic quantitative signs of 6 varieties grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) in the conditions of central northern Bulgaria. A proven genotype-environment interactions (years) have been identified in... more
Ecological stability has been assessed by basic quantitative signs of 6 varieties grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) in the conditions of central northern Bulgaria. A proven genotype-environment interactions (years) have been identified in all the signs studied, except for the weight of the fresh root biomass. Stronger influence on the factor environment was found for the signs height of the plant, the fresh weight of the plant, the number of seeds per plant and the weight of the seeds of the plant, while the factor variety for the number of nodules per plant. BGE027129
variety was defined as ecological stable and with good productivity at the height of the plant, fresh weight of the stems, number of seeds and nodules per plant, and the BGE025277 variety in the height of the plant, weight of the seeds and number of nodules per plant, respectively. They are suitable for growing in a wide range of environments. The BGE015741 variety has the highest productivity in number and weight of seeds per plant, possessing high adaptive ability and was responsive to
improving the growing conditions. LAT5038 was stable on the signs weight of the fresh biomass and weight of the seeds per plant, but was poorly productive and of low adaptive ability. LA5108 can be characterized as low productive on almost all signs. For the needs of combinative selection, for obtaining lines with increased level and stability of the attribute, most appropriate parent components were BGE027129, BGE025277 and BGE015741.
variety was defined as ecological stable and with good productivity at the height of the plant, fresh weight of the stems, number of seeds and nodules per plant, and the BGE025277 variety in the height of the plant, weight of the seeds and number of nodules per plant, respectively. They are suitable for growing in a wide range of environments. The BGE015741 variety has the highest productivity in number and weight of seeds per plant, possessing high adaptive ability and was responsive to
improving the growing conditions. LAT5038 was stable on the signs weight of the fresh biomass and weight of the seeds per plant, but was poorly productive and of low adaptive ability. LA5108 can be characterized as low productive on almost all signs. For the needs of combinative selection, for obtaining lines with increased level and stability of the attribute, most appropriate parent components were BGE027129, BGE025277 and BGE015741.
Research Interests:
Forage quality characteristics of green forage biomass of pure birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) (cv. Targovishte 1) swards and mixtures of birdsfoot trefoil with three subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) subspecies,... more
Forage quality characteristics of green forage biomass of pure birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) (cv. Targovishte 1) swards and mixtures of birdsfoot trefoil with three subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) subspecies, i.e. Trifolium subterraneum ssp. brachycalicinum (cv. Antas), Trifolium subterraneum ssp. yaninicum (cv. Trikkala) and Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneum (cv. Denmark) were measured. The experiment was caried out at the experimental field of Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. The next variants were studied: birdsfoot trefoil (100%); birdsfoot trefoil + Trifolium subterraneum ssp. brachycalicinum (50:50%); birdsfoot trefoil + Trifolium subterraneum ssp. yaninicum (50:50%); birdsfoot trefoil + Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneum (50:50%). Forage biomass from the mixtures of birdsfoot trefoil with subterranean clover compared to pure grown birdsfoot trefoil had lower crude fiber content (with 1.38%), higher in vitro digestibility of dry matter (with 2.21%), lower content of fiber fractions: NDF (with 4.08%), ADF (with 2.58%) and ADL (with 1.33%), lower degree of lignifications (with 6.63%) and higher energy feeding values (0.017-0.020, FUM-FUG). Forage biomass from the mixtures of birdsfoot trefoil with Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneum showed the best quality characteristics – the highest crude protein content (16.51% of DM), the highest digestibility of dry matter (63.33%), the lowest degree of lignifications (18.40%) and the highest protein feeding value (PDIN, 104 g/kg dry matter; PDIE, 89 g/kg dry matter and total digestible protein 122 g/kg dry matter).
Research Interests:
The possibility for under sowing of degraded birdsfoot trefoil seed production stands with subterranean clover and thereafter used for forage was studied. The field experiment was carried out in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven,... more
The possibility for under sowing of degraded birdsfoot trefoil seed production stands with subterranean clover and thereafter used for forage was studied. The field experiment was carried out in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. The under sowing was performed with three subterranean clover subspecies, i.e. Trifolium subterraneum ssp. brachycalicinum (cv. “Antas”), Trifolium subterraneum ssp. yaninicum (cv. “Trikkala”) and Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneum (cv. “Denmark”) during the autumn of the fourth year of using of birdsfoot trefoil stands. Due to the self-seeeding capacity subterranean clover occupied the free spaces in the degraded birdsfoot trefoil stands. So, the weed infestation decreased and dry mass productivity increased. For three years after under sowing the stands were used for forage and every year two cuts were harvested. On average for the period the best development and the biggest part of the swards showed Trifolium subterraneum ssp. brachycalicinum, after under sowing with which dry mass productivity was found to increase by 9.12%. On the basis of results obtained it is concluded that the under sowing of degraded seed production birdsfoot trefoil stands with subterranean clover is possible agrotechnical measurement and the stands thereafter could be used for forage.
Research Interests:
Environmental research is the study of environment and natural resources that are fast depleting due to overexploitation due to anthropogenic activities. The study of environmental development is having great importance, it helps us to... more
Environmental research is the study of environment and natural resources that are fast depleting due to overexploitation due to anthropogenic activities. The study of environmental development is having great importance, it helps us to understand and find various ways to maintain the ecological balance on which our existence depends. Environmental research always plays a very important role in the conservation of the environment. Bringing the attention towards various environmental issues such as pollution, fast depletion of natural resources etc., the environmental research helps to find ways and methods to solve such environmental issues. This edited book, Scenario of Environmental Research and Development, aims to present the research and development of actionable knowledge discovery in the field of environmental sciences. The objective behind this book is the expanding environmental research globally which is easily available to the researchers for the conservation of nature. We are very much happy for getting huge response and encouragement from the researchers across the world. We would like to convey our appreciation to all contributors including the accepted chapters’ authors, and many other participants who submitted their chapters that cannot be included in the book due to space limits. Our special thanks to. In addition, we also appreciate all reviewers.
Research Interests:
The International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Agricultural Research (IJIAAR) is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes research on scientific principles in the field of agricultural research. IJIAAR aims to give priority to... more
The International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Agricultural Research (IJIAAR) is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes research on scientific principles in the field of agricultural research. IJIAAR aims to give priority to studies that bring an innovative perspective on current agricultural problems. Empirical, theoretical and conceptual articles of significant originality will be considered. The journal publishes articles in English. IJIAAR is published four times a year.
IJIAAR is indexed and abstracted in Bielefeld Academic Search Engine BASE; Index Copernicus World List; Scilit; ROAD Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources; Crossref; Google Scholar; Directory of Research Journals Indexing; Cite Factor; Scientific Indexing Services (SIS); Journal Factor; Eurasian Scientific Journal Index.
Scientific ethical and legal responsibility of all the manuscript published in the journal belongs to the authors and publishing rights belong to the journal. Without permission from the publisher, some or all of any work cannot be published in other journals.
IJIAAR is a Crossref Member and gives DOI number to the accepted manuscript.
Peer-review policy: All relevant submissions will undergo rigorous peer review, based on initial editor screening and doubly-anonymized refereeing by at least two referees.
Editör Prof. Dr. Yalçın Kaya
Foundation Year 2017
e-ISSN 2602-4772
DOI Prefix 10.29329/ijiaar
Owner Pen Academic Publishing™
THDSoft Tayfun Taşbilek
Address Pen Academic Publishing™
THDSoft Tayfun Taşbilek
Çanakkale Teknopark Yerleşkesi No:276/J2, PK: 17100 Sarıcaeli Kampüsü
Çanakkale / Turkey
IJIAAR is indexed and abstracted in Bielefeld Academic Search Engine BASE; Index Copernicus World List; Scilit; ROAD Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources; Crossref; Google Scholar; Directory of Research Journals Indexing; Cite Factor; Scientific Indexing Services (SIS); Journal Factor; Eurasian Scientific Journal Index.
Scientific ethical and legal responsibility of all the manuscript published in the journal belongs to the authors and publishing rights belong to the journal. Without permission from the publisher, some or all of any work cannot be published in other journals.
IJIAAR is a Crossref Member and gives DOI number to the accepted manuscript.
Peer-review policy: All relevant submissions will undergo rigorous peer review, based on initial editor screening and doubly-anonymized refereeing by at least two referees.
Editör Prof. Dr. Yalçın Kaya
Foundation Year 2017
e-ISSN 2602-4772
DOI Prefix 10.29329/ijiaar
Owner Pen Academic Publishing™
THDSoft Tayfun Taşbilek
Address Pen Academic Publishing™
THDSoft Tayfun Taşbilek
Çanakkale Teknopark Yerleşkesi No:276/J2, PK: 17100 Sarıcaeli Kampüsü
Çanakkale / Turkey