Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Marine navigation has been revolutionized by the deployment of marine radiobeacon DGPS systems. While most of the precision requirements for marine navigation can now be met with marine DGPS, the reliability of the user's position is... more
Marine navigation has been revolutionized by the deployment of marine radiobeacon DGPS systems. While most of the precision requirements for marine navigation can now be met with marine DGPS, the reliability of the user's position is often ignored. The reliability of the DGPS corrections is ensured through the use of redundant shore based equipment and real time integrity checks. However, reliable corrections do not guarantee a reliable user's position since user blunders can still occur. The reliability of the user's DGPS position is addressed in two parts. First, software simulations are conducted to evaluate the reliability improvement when DGPS is augmented with single point GLONASS, differential GLONASS, differential geostationary satellites, and height and clock constraints in constricted waterways. These simulations demonstrate that DGPS must be augmented with at least one differential satellite system in order to ensure reliable positioning. Second, the reliab...
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Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The early stages of lentivirus infection of dendritic cells have been studied in an in vivo model. Maedi-visna virus (MVV) is a natural pathogen of sheep with a tropism for macrophages, but the infection of dendritic cells has not been... more
The early stages of lentivirus infection of dendritic cells have been studied in an in vivo model. Maedi-visna virus (MVV) is a natural pathogen of sheep with a tropism for macrophages, but the infection of dendritic cells has not been proven, largely because of the difficulties of definitively distinguishing the two cell types. Afferent lymphatic dendritic cells from sheep have
Research Interests: Immune response, Flow Cytometry, Immunohistochemistry, Macrophages, Dendritic Cells, and 15 moreIn Situ Hybridization, Biological Sciences, Humans, Sheep, Animals, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Central Nervous System, Dendritic cell, Experimental Infection, Monocytes, Mammary gland, Rhesus macaques, Lymph Node, Reverse Transcriptase, and Medical and Health Sciences
The formation of a single lumen during tubulogenesis is crucial for the development and function of many organs. Although 3D cell culture models have identified molecular mechanisms controlling lumen formation in vitro, their function... more
The formation of a single lumen during tubulogenesis is crucial for the development and function of many organs. Although 3D cell culture models have identified molecular mechanisms controlling lumen formation in vitro, their function during vertebrate organogenesis is poorly understood. Using light sheet microscopy and genetic approaches we have investigated single lumen formation in the zebrafish gut. Here we show that during gut development multiple lumens open and enlarge to generate a distinct intermediate, which consists of two adjacent unfused lumens separated by basolateral contacts. We observed that these lumens arise independently from each other along the length of the gut and do not share a continuous apical surface. Resolution of this intermediate into a single, continuous lumen requires the remodeling of contacts between adjacent lumens and subsequent lumen fusion. We show that lumen resolution, but not lumen opening, is impaired in smoothened (smo) mutants, indicating...
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Objectives. Rheumatological conditions are common and all health professionals (HPs) therefore need sufficient knowledge and skills to manage patients safely and effectively. The aim of this study was to examine current undergraduate... more
Objectives. Rheumatological conditions are common and all health professionals (HPs) therefore need sufficient knowledge and skills to manage patients safely and effectively. The aim of this study was to examine current undergraduate education in rheumatology for ...
Research Interests: Rheumatology, Immunology, Occupational Therapy, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Medicine, and 13 moreOsteoarthritis, Teaching, Curriculum, Humans, Nursing Education, Health Professionals, Undergraduate Education, Clinical Sciences, Great Britain, Public health systems and services research, Nursing Student, Physical therapy specialty, and Allied Health Occupations
We present results for the spectrum of static-light mesons from N f =2 lattice QCD. These results were obtained using all-to-all light-quark propagators on an anisotropic lattice, yielding an improved signal resolution when compared to... more
We present results for the spectrum of static-light mesons from N f =2 lattice QCD. These results were obtained using all-to-all light-quark propagators on an anisotropic lattice, yielding an improved signal resolution when compared to more conventional lattice techniques. With a ...
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Research Interests: Rheumatology, Immunology, Occupational Therapy, Teaching, Curriculum, and 11 morePatient education, Humans, Nursing Education, Health Professionals, Clinical Sciences, Great Britain, Public health systems and services research, Delphi Technique, Brief Intervention, Health Personnel, and Physical therapy specialty
OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the consistency of factors associated with adolescent injury in separate urban and rural samples. SAMPLES: Adolescents, 11-17 years old, in public schools in urban and rural Maryland (n= 2,712).... more
OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the consistency of factors associated with adolescent injury in separate urban and rural samples. SAMPLES: Adolescents, 11-17 years old, in public schools in urban and rural Maryland (n= 2,712). METHODS: Separate bivariate and ...
Research Interests: Psychology, Injury Prevention, Adolescent, Medicine, Logistic Regression, and 15 moreMultivariate Analysis, Aggressive Behavior, Humans, Child, Injury, Female, Male, Regression Analysis, Maryland, Prevalence, Questionnaires, Physical Environment, Adolescent Behavior, Environmental factor, and multivariate analyses
Research Interests: Forecasting, Preventive medicine, Adolescent, Emergency Medical Services, Humans, and 13 moreHigh School, Maryland, Medical Care, Health Status, Rural Area, Logistic Models, Preventive Health Services, Ambulatory Care, Socioeconomic Factors, Delivery of Health Care, Rural Population, Emergency service, and Paediatrics and reproductive medicine
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Forty-two bifidobacterial strains were screened for α-amylase and/or pullulanase activity by investigating their capacities to utilize starch, amylopectin, or pullulan. Of the 42 bifidobacterial strains tested, 19 were capable of... more
Forty-two bifidobacterial strains were screened for α-amylase and/or pullulanase activity by investigating their capacities to utilize starch, amylopectin, or pullulan. Of the 42 bifidobacterial strains tested, 19 were capable of degrading potato starch. Of these 19 strains, 11 were able to degrade starch and amylopectin, as well as pullulan. These 11 strains, which were shown to produce extracellular starch-degrading activities, included 5 strains of Bifidobacterium breve , 1 B. dentium strain, 1 B. infantis strain, 3 strains of B. pseudolongum , and 1 strain of B. thermophilum . Quantitative and qualitative enzyme activities were determined by measuring the concentrations of released reducing sugars and by high-performance thin-layer chromatography, respectively. These analyses confirmed both the inducible nature and the extracellular nature of the starch- and pullulan-degrading enzyme activities and showed that the five B. breve strains produced an activity that is consistent wit...
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ABSTRACT In patients with guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency several parameters may point towards the diagnosis of GAMT deficiency. These include the low levels of creatine and creatinine in urine, the high concentration... more
ABSTRACT In patients with guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency several parameters may point towards the diagnosis of GAMT deficiency. These include the low levels of creatine and creatinine in urine, the high concentration of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) in urine and the low levels of creatine and creatinine in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In this study, body fluids from 10 GAMT deficient patients were analysed using (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The urine 1D (1)H NMR spectra of all the patients showed a doublet resonance at 3.98 ppm (pH 2.50) derived from GAA present in high concentration. For this compound, a good recovery and good correlation was found between an LC-MS/MS method and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. In CSF NMR spectra of these patients, the singlet resonances of creatine and creatinine (3.05 and 3.13 ppm, respectively) were absent (normally always present in (1)H NMR spectra of CSF). Due to overlap by other resonances, the doublet of GAA could not be observed. Our data demonstrate that (1)H NMR spectroscopy of urine and CSF can be used to diagnose patients with GAMT deficiency.
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Postgrad Med J 1995; 71: 336-340 C) The Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine, 1995 ... Talking to the parents of a baby who is ... * intrapartum asphyxia, eg, placental abruption, ruptured uterus, cord prolapse * preterm infants:... more
Postgrad Med J 1995; 71: 336-340 C) The Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine, 1995 ... Talking to the parents of a baby who is ... * intrapartum asphyxia, eg, placental abruption, ruptured uterus, cord prolapse * preterm infants: intraventricular haemorrhage, periventricular ...
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The Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor regulates cellular stress responses and the immune response to infection. NF-κB activation results in oscillations in nuclear NF-κB abundance. To define the function of these... more
The Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor regulates cellular stress responses and the immune response to infection. NF-κB activation results in oscillations in nuclear NF-κB abundance. To define the function of these oscillations, we treated cells with repeated short pulses of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) at various intervals to mimic pulsatile inflammatory signals. At all pulse intervals analyzed, we observed synchronous cycles of NF-κB nuclear translocation. Lower frequency stimulations gave repeated full-amplitude translocations, whereas higher frequency pulses, gave reduced translocation, indicating a failure to reset. Deterministic and stochastic mathematical models predicted how negative feedback loops regulate both the resetting of the system and cellular heterogeneity. Altering the stimulation intervals gave different patterns of NF-κB-dependent gene expression, supporting a functional role for oscillation frequency.
Research Interests: Immune response, Science, Gene expression, Multidisciplinary, Stochastic processes, and 15 moreCell line, Humans, Mice, Stress response, Animals, Negative Feedback, NF-kappa B, Phosphorylation, Oscillations, Transcription Factor, Mathematical Model, Cell nucleus, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Transfection, and Cytoplasm
Research Interests: Kinetics, Humans, Fatty acids, Female, Animals, and 15 moreMale, Chemical Analysis, Randomised Controlled Trial, Triglycerides, Milk, Intestinal absorption, Breast milk, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Calcium Absorption, Neonatal Intensive Care, Palmitic Acid, Infant Formula, Infant food, Paediatrics and reproductive medicine, and Infant nutritional physiological phenomena
The antibody V H domains of camelids tend to be soluble and to resist aggregation, in contrast to human V H domains. For immunotherapy, attempts have therefore been made to improve the properties of human V H s by camelization of a small... more
The antibody V H domains of camelids tend to be soluble and to resist aggregation, in contrast to human V H domains. For immunotherapy, attempts have therefore been made to improve the properties of human V H s by camelization of a small set of framework residues. Here, ...
Research Interests: Thermodynamics, Technology, Protein Folding, Protein Engineering, Biological Sciences, and 14 moreFibrinogen, Humans, Animals, Phage display, Solubility, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Cattle, Amino Acid Sequence, Base Sequence, Amino Acid Substitution Rates, Recombinant Proteins, Site-directed Mutagenesis, Molecular Sequence Data, and In Vitro Techniques
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Research Interests:
Adenovirus (Ad) E1A and human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 express homologous conserved regions (CRs) that mediate their shared biological functions. Despite their similarities, the expression of E1A sensitizes tumor cells to killing by NK... more
Adenovirus (Ad) E1A and human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 express homologous conserved regions (CRs) that mediate their shared biological functions. Despite their similarities, the expression of E1A sensitizes tumor cells to killing by NK cells and macrophages but the expression of E7 does not, a factor that may contribute to the dissimilar oncogenicities of Ad and HPV. This study was undertaken to define molecular differences between E1A and E7 that are responsible for the ability of E1A and the inability of E7 to sensitize cells to killing by NK cells and macrophages. Genetic mapping studies using human fibrosarcoma cells (H4) that stably expressed mutant forms of E1A showed that only those forms of E1A that interacted with the transcriptional coadaptor protein p300 sensitized cells to killing by NK cells and macrophages. E7 lacks the N-terminal p300-binding region present in E1A. Therefore, a chimeric E1A/E7 gene was constructed that included the N terminus and the CR1 (p300-binding) domain of E1A fused to CR2 and the C-terminal sequences of E7. The E1A/E7 protein interacted with p300 and pRb and immortalized primary mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF). The expression of E1A/E7 sensitized H4 and MEF cells to killing by activated macrophages but not to killing by NK cells. Therefore, N-terminal differences between E1A and E7 that map to the E1A-p300 binding region accounted for differences in their abilities to sensitize cells to killing by macrophages. However, regions in addition to the E1A-p300 binding region are required to sensitize cells to killing by NK cells.
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Background High content live cell imaging experiments are able to track the cellular localisation of labelled proteins in multiple live cells over a time course. Experiments using high content live cell imaging will generate multiple... more
Background High content live cell imaging experiments are able to track the cellular localisation of labelled proteins in multiple live cells over a time course. Experiments using high content live cell imaging will generate multiple large datasets that are often stored in an ad-hoc manner. This hinders identification of previously gathered data that may be relevant to current analyses. Whilst solutions exist for managing image data, they are primarily concerned with storage and retrieval of the images themselves and not the data derived ...
