Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Biomedicine, Biology, Medicine, and 12 moreIn Vitro, Ulcerative colitis, Nutrients, Intestinal permeability, Anti Inflammatory, Gut Flora, Science and health care, Commensal Bacteria Human, Dysbiosis, Fecal microbiota transplantation, Intestinal Health, and Barrier function
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The reports on atopic diseases and microbiota in early childhood remain contradictory, and both decreased and increased microbiota diversity have been associated with atopic eczema. In this study, the intestinal microbiota signatures... more
The reports on atopic diseases and microbiota in early childhood remain contradictory, and both decreased and increased microbiota diversity have been associated with atopic eczema. In this study, the intestinal microbiota signatures associated with the severity of eczema in 6-month-old infants were characterized. Further, the changes in intestinal microbiota composition related to the improvement of this disease 3 months later were assessed. The severity of eczema correlated inversely with microbiota diversity (r = -0.54, P = 0.002) and with the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria (r = -0.52, P = 0.005). During the 3-month follow-up, microbiota diversity increased (P < 0.001) and scoring atopic dermatitis values decreased (P < 0.001) in all infants. This decrease coincided with the increase in bacteria related to butyrate-producing Coprococcus eutactus (r = -0.59, P = 0.02). In conclusion, the high diversity of microbiota and high abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria were associated with milder eczema, thus suggesting they have a role in alleviating symptoms of atopic eczema.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The human gastrointestinal tract (GI-tract) harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, largely composed of so far uncultured species, which can be detected only by using techniques such as PCR and by different hybridization techniques... more
The human gastrointestinal tract (GI-tract) harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, largely composed of so far uncultured species, which can be detected only by using techniques such as PCR and by different hybridization techniques including phylogenetic microarrays. Manual DNA extraction from feces is laborious and is one of the bottlenecks holding up the application of microarray and other DNA-based techniques in large cohort studies. In order to enhance the DNA extraction step we combined mechanical disruption of microbial cells by repeated bead-beating (RBB) with two automated DNA extraction methods, KingFisher with InviMag Stool DNA kit (KF) and NucliSENS easyMAG (NeM). The semi-automated DNA extraction methods, RBB combined with either KF or NeM, were compared to the manual extraction method currently considered the most suited method for fecal DNA extraction by assessing the yield of 16S rRNA gene copies by qPCR and total microbiota composition by the HITChip, a phylogenetic microarray. Parallel DNA extractions from infant fecal samples by using the three methods showed that the KF and manual methods gave comparable yields of 16S rRNA gene copies as assessed by qPCR, whereas NeM showed a significantly lower yield. All three methods showed highly similar microbiota profiles in HITChip. Both KF and NeM were found to be suitable methods for DNA extraction from fecal samples after the mechanical disruption of microbial cells by bead-beating. The semi-automated methods could be performed in half of the time required for the manual protocol, while being comparable to the manual method in terms of reagent costs.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Microbiology, Probiotics, Biology, Cytokines, Inflammation, and 15 moreMembrane Proteins, Immunohistochemistry, Medicine, Humans, Pediatric, Immune system, Epithelial cells, Recombinant Proteins, Bacterial Adhesion, Lactobacillus Rhamnosus, Ileum, Interleukin, Innate Immune System, real time polymerase chain reaction, and Paediatrics and reproductive medicine
Research Interests: Biology, Membrane Proteins, Medicine, Multidisciplinary, Adhesion, and 15 moreHumans, Intestinal Mucosa, Escherichia coli, Applied Environmental Microbiology, Molecular cloning, Antiserum, Fibronectin, Epithelial cells, Lipoproteins, Mucus, Bacterial Adhesion, Bifidobacterium, Extracellular Matrix Proteins, Cell Membrane, and Bifidobacterium Bifidum
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Microbiology, Biomedicine, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Biology, and 15 moreHealth, Medicine, Multidisciplinary, Adhesion, Colonization, Humans, Medical Biotechnology, Applied Environmental Microbiology, Biogenesis, Gram Positive Bacteria, Infections, Microbial Interactions, Enterococcus faecium, Mucus, and Lactobacillus Rhamnosus
Research Interests: Microbiology, Chemistry, Biology, Medicine, Immunoregulation, and 13 moreHost-microbe interactions, Lipopolysaccharide, Gut Microbiota, LPS, Gut Microbiome, Ulcerative colitis, Disease, Sphingolipids, Activation, Immune system, Fecal Microbiota, Intestinal Epithelial Cells, and Microbiology and Virology
Research Interests:
Background Infants are at a high risk of acquiring fatal infections, and their treatment relies on functioning antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are present in high numbers in antibiotic-naive infants’ gut microbiomes, and... more
Background Infants are at a high risk of acquiring fatal infections, and their treatment relies on functioning antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are present in high numbers in antibiotic-naive infants’ gut microbiomes, and infant mortality caused by resistant infections is high. The role of antibiotics in shaping the infant resistome has been studied, but there is limited knowledge on other factors that affect the antibiotic resistance burden of the infant gut. Objectives Our objectives were to determine the impact of early exposure to formula on the ARG load in neonates and infants born either preterm or full term. Our hypotheses were that diet causes a selective pressure that influences the microbial community of the infant gut, and formula exposure would increase the abundance of taxa that carry ARGs. Methods Cross-sectionally sampled gut metagenomes of 46 neonates were used to build a generalized linear model to determine the impact of diet on ARG loads in neonates...
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Microbiology, Biomedicine, Biology, Medicine, Multidisciplinary, and 15 moreAdhesion, Veterinary Science, Cell line, Humans, Applied Environmental Microbiology, Mucin, Epithelium, Epithelial cells, Gut, Microbiota, Bacteroides Fragilis, Bacterial Adhesion, Enterocytes, Intestinal Barrier, and Interleukin
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
ABSTRACT Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an efficient treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection and currently investigated as a treatment for other intestinal and systemic diseases. Better understanding of the... more
ABSTRACT Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an efficient treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection and currently investigated as a treatment for other intestinal and systemic diseases. Better understanding of the species potentially transferred in FMT is needed. We isolated from a healthy fecal donor a novel strain E10-96H of Pseudoruminococcus massiliensis, a recently described strictly anaerobic species currently represented only by the type strain. The whole genome sequence of E10-96H had over 98% similarity with the type strain. E10-96H carries 20 glycoside hydrolase encoding genes, degrades starch in vitro and thus may contribute to fiber degradation, cross-feeding of other species and butyrate production in the intestinal ecosystem. The strain carries pilus-like structures, harbors pilin genes in its genome and adheres to enterocytes in vitro but does not provoke a proinflammatory response. P. massiliensis seems to have commensal behavior with the host epithelium, and its role in intestinal ecology should be studied further.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Background In ulcerative colitis, a pouchitis is the most common long-term adverse effect after proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Approximately 5% of patients develop chronic antibiotic-dependent or antibiotic-refractory... more
Background In ulcerative colitis, a pouchitis is the most common long-term adverse effect after proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Approximately 5% of patients develop chronic antibiotic-dependent or antibiotic-refractory pouchitis without any effective treatment. The aim of this trial was to investigate the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of chronic pouchitis. Methods This was a single-center, double-blinded, parallel group trial comparing donor fecal microbiota transplantation with placebo (autologous transplant) in chronic pouchitis. Twenty-six patients were recruited at the Helsinki University Hospital between December 2017 and August 2018 and were randomly allocated a 1:1 ratio to either donor fecal microbiota transplantation or placebo. The protocol included 2 transplantations into the pouch on weeks 0 and 4, and patients were followed up for 52 weeks. Results Nine patients in the intervention group and 8 patients in the ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Biology, Clostridium difficile, Medicine, Antibiotic Resistance, Transplantation, and 14 moreInternal Medicine, Disease, Therapy, Infection, Efficacy, Genes, Clinical Sciences, Update, Randomized Controlled Trial, Microbiota, Immunodeficiency, Clostridium difficile infection, Carriage, and Recurrent
Recent research suggests that the microbial colonization of the mammalian intestine may begin before birth, but the observations are controversial due to challenges in the reliable sampling and analysis of low-abundance microbiota. We... more
Recent research suggests that the microbial colonization of the mammalian intestine may begin before birth, but the observations are controversial due to challenges in the reliable sampling and analysis of low-abundance microbiota. We studied the perinatal microbiota of calves by sampling them immediately at birth and during the first postnatal week. The large size of the bovine newborns allows sampling directly from rectum using contamination-shielded swabs. Our 16S rDNA data, purged of potential contaminant sequences shared with negative controls, indicates the existence of a diverse low-abundance microbiota in the newborn rectal meconium and mucosa. The newborn rectal microbiota was composed of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The microbial profile resembled dam oral rather than fecal or vaginal vestibular microbiota, but included typical intestinal taxa. During the first postnatal day, the rectum was invaded by Escherichia/Shigella and Clostridia, an...
Research Interests:
Although faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has a well-established role in the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), its widespread dissemination is limited by several obstacles, including lack of dedicated... more
Although faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has a well-established role in the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), its widespread dissemination is limited by several obstacles, including lack of dedicated centres, difficulties with donor recruitment and complexities related to regulation and safety monitoring. Given the considerable burden of CDI on global healthcare systems, FMT should be widely available to most centres.Stool banks may guarantee reliable, timely and equitable access to FMT for patients and a traceable workflow that ensures safety and quality of procedures. In this consensus project, FMT experts from Europe, North America and Australia gathered and released statements on the following issues related to the stool banking: general principles, objectives and organisation of the stool bank; selection and screening of donors; collection, preparation and storage of faeces; services and clients; registries, monitoring of outcomes and ethi...
Research Interests:
We have previously shown that lysates of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG confer protection to human keratinocytes against Staphylococcus aureus. L. rhamnosus GG inhibits the growth of S. aureus as well as competitively excludes and... more
We have previously shown that lysates of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG confer protection to human keratinocytes against Staphylococcus aureus. L. rhamnosus GG inhibits the growth of S. aureus as well as competitively excludes and displaces the pathogen from keratinocytes. In this study, we have specifically investigated the anti-adhesive action. We have tested the hypothesis that this activity is due to quenching of S. aureus binding sites on keratinocytes by molecules within the Lacticaseibacillus lysate. Trypsinisation or heat treatment removed the protective effect of the lysate suggesting the involvement of proteins as effector molecules. Column separation of the lysate and analysis of discrete fractions in adhesion assays identified a fraction of moderate hydrophobicity that possessed all anti-adhesive functions. Immunoblotting demonstrated that this fraction contained the pilus protein, SpaC. Recombinant SpaC inhibited staphylococcal adhesion to keratinocytes in a dose-depen...
Research Interests:
Mascot search result as in MGF file format reporting peak lists of mass spectrometry data (lists of mass and intensity pairs) from MS/MS spectra