Dobrowolski R. 1995. Drobne struktury tektoniczne w skałach górnokredowych wschodniej części Wyży... more Dobrowolski R. 1995. Drobne struktury tektoniczne w skałach górnokredowych wschodniej części Wyżyny Lubelskiej a dyslokacje podłoża platformy wschodnioeuropejskiej w kenozoiku. Mesoscopic tectonic structures in the Upper Cretaceous rocks in the eastern part of the Lublin Upland versus faulting of the East-European Platform basement during the Cainozoic (In Polish, English summary).
C concentration measurements together with carbon and oxygen stable isotope analysis in calcareou... more C concentration measurements together with carbon and oxygen stable isotope analysis in calcareous tufa give possibilities for reconstruction of time scale and palaeoclimatic conditions of sedimentary processes. Results of isotope examinations of 2 profiles with organic and tufa sediments from Eastern Poland and 8 calcareous tufa sites from Eastern India (Orissa) are given. A systematic error of 14 C conventional age of carbonate fraction of tufa samples as reservoir age (T R ) was estimated. The T R values of different type of tufa sediment are determined by stream water energy. On the basis of known experimental dependence between T R and δ 13 C for tufas deposited in high, average and low energy water, unknown values of T R and corrected 14 C ages (T CCA ) were calculated for samples from India tufa sites. Continuous deposition of organic and carbonate sediments in Polish profiles give the possibility to calculate the approximated T CCA ages on the basis of dependence between T CCA and a sample depth in a profile, and time scale reconstruction of δ 13 C and δ 18 O changes in carbonate fraction of tufa samples during the whole Holocene.
Chełm Hills is an area situated on the northern periphery of the Lublin Upland in the eastern par... more Chełm Hills is an area situated on the northern periphery of the Lublin Upland in the eastern part of Poland. It is a mesoregion covering about 722 square kilometres. Monadnocks and hillocks reaching the relative altitudes up to 300 metres above see level, which are towering above the sandy of peaty plains are characteristic to this area. They are built of Cretaceous formations covered with layers of the Tertiary sandstones of varying thickness. Within them lies the Cretaceous flint raw material, which macroscopically is often similar to siliceous rocks occurring in the neighbouring areas of Volhynia, Volhynian Polesie and Podlasie. Current verification work has revealed mostly Prehistoric sites, documenting settlement from the Middle Palaeolithic to the end of the Bronze Age. Among these, the most numerous group is constituted by Late Palaeolithic and Early Bronze Age materials. The Late Palaeolithic sources were recorded most of all in the form of remnants of workshops documented ...
Projekt okładki -Katarzyna Jeznach, z wykorzystaniem fotografii Andrzeja Różyckiego Monografia zo... more Projekt okładki -Katarzyna Jeznach, z wykorzystaniem fotografii Andrzeja Różyckiego Monografia została przygotowana na podstawie syntezy wyników wielu lat badań i doświadczeń czołowych naukowców i specjalistów z zakresu gospodarki wodnej i rekultywacji terenu w aspektach: naturalnym, historycznym, społeczno-ekonomicznym, konstrukcyjnym, technologicznym, środowiskowym, ekonomicznym i innych, a także w zakresie rekultywacji i zagospodarowania Polesia Białorusi, Ukrainy, Polski i Rosji. Monografia poświęcona jest glebie, technologii, hydrologii i środowisku, projektom rekultywacji terenu, a także aranżacji wykorzystania potencjału zasobów naturalnych i ocen środowiskowch oraz efektywności ekonomicznej rekultywacji terenów Polesia. Praca przeznaczona jest dla specjalistów w dziedzinie gleboznawstwa, ochrony przyrody, gospodarki wodnej, produkcji rolniczej, naukowców, doktorantów i studentów odpowiednich specjalności.
and northwestern Ukraine (Fig. 1A), represent a special type of landscape that was the consequenc... more and northwestern Ukraine (Fig. 1A), represent a special type of landscape that was the consequence of a specific geological structure, dominated by fissured Maastrichtian chalk and morphodynamic processes of various origins and ages. Soft carbonate rocks, such as chalk and chalky limestones, are very susceptible to both chemical solution and mechanical deformation, especially as a result of frost activity, with a tendency to postdepositional transformation (Murton and Ballantyne, 2017). As a consequence, the chalklands are characterized by the co-occurrence of: (1) a chalk karst complex, distinguished from the classic one by a different register of surface forms and the limited occurrence or lack of underground forms (Maruszczak, 1966;
Libera J., Dobrowolski R., Szeliga M. and Wiśniewski T. 2014. Flints in glacigenic sediments of t... more Libera J., Dobrowolski R., Szeliga M. and Wiśniewski T. 2014. Flints in glacigenic sediments of the Chełm Hills, Eastern Poland. Prehistory and geology. Sprawozdania Archeologiczne 66, 57–82. Chełm Hills is an area situated on the northern periphery of the Lublin Upland in the eastern part of Poland. It is a mesoregion covering about 722 square kilometres. Monadnocks and hillocks reaching the relative altitudes up to 300 metres above see level, which are towering above the sandy of peaty plains are characteristic to this area. They are built of Cretaceous formations covered with layers of the Tertiary sandstones of varying thickness. Within them lies the Cretaceous flint raw material, which macroscopically is often similar to siliceous rocks occurring in the neighbouring areas of Volhynia, Volhynian Polesie and Podlasie. Current verification work has revealed mostly Prehistoric sites, documenting settlement from the Middle Palaeolithic to the end of the Bronze Age. Among these, the ...
Purpose. To investigate the genesis and key historical aspects that have led to the popularizatio... more Purpose. To investigate the genesis and key historical aspects that have led to the popularization of the concept of “definlandization” in scientific literature, as well as the strategic priorities of the formation of the Marshall Plan within the framework of a possible military and economic union between Great Britain, Ukraine, Poland and the Baltic countries. To propose optimal ways of neutralizing economic threats and to determine probable scenarios of the post-war reconstruction of the infrastructure of the national economy of Ukraine. Methodology. The article uses a combination of correlation and SWOT analysis, which made it possible to calculate the value of natural wealth in the post-war period based on SPSS Data Analysis Software. The used economic-mathematical methods made it possible to form an algorithm for calculating the cost of restoring Ukraine’s total resource losses from Russian aggression in monetary terms and to establish mutually unambiguous correlations with the...
Alkaline spring-fed fens are a rare type of soligeneous wetlands, characterised by an alternating... more Alkaline spring-fed fens are a rare type of soligeneous wetlands, characterised by an alternating arrangement of layers of peat and calcareous tufa, defined as the peat-tufa rhythmite. They are known, for example, from the strongly undulating young glacial landscapes of Central Europe, where many of them are protected by law. These include sites located in the Chociel River valley, in Western Pomerania (Northern Poland). One such spring-fed fen (Bobolice site) was investigated in detail using multiple methods (phytosociological, plant macrofossils, sedimentological and geochemical) for the current state of vegetation, reconstruction of its long-term development and, eventually, the identification of management strategies for its effective protection. Six developmental phases reflecting changes in the natural environment at the end of the Late Glacial and in the Holocene, as well as changes caused by human impacts in recent centuries, were identified for the investigated site. In the past, the dominant role in the formation of the spring-fed fen was attributed to sedge and sedge-moss communities, also with an admixture of Sphagnum in the last phase of the fen's development. For about 300 years increased human activity has been recorded in the Chociel Valley, resulting in a modification of the water regime and a strong transformation of vegetation. Today, the real vegetation is therefore the result of both the presence of various mire habitats and various types of agricultural use. The current state of spring-fed fens in the Chociel River valley points to the urgent need for the implementation of various active protection measures.
Rejowiec flint from the Chełm Hills occur among glacigenic sediments of the Odranian glaciation a... more Rejowiec flint from the Chełm Hills occur among glacigenic sediments of the Odranian glaciation and is referred to as erratic flints. The authors, based on the analysis of the sedimentary succession of a kame in Lechówka – within the boundaries of the largest outcrop, in so-called ‘Region I’ (Rejowiec region) – indicate that: (1) the probable source of the flints were older series of glacigenic sediments – from before the Odranian glaciation, (2) their great accumulation directly under the surface and – as a result – their considerable accessibility for exploitation in prehistory were caused by the ‘upfreezing of stones’ in the conditions of a periglacial environment during successive glacial periods (Odranian, Wartanian and Vistulian glaciations). The analysis of archaeological data confirmed the use of the local flints as early as in the Middle Palaeolithic and their most intense exploitation during two main periods – the final stage of the Palaeolithic and a period from the Late ...
The article discusses the results of the latest interdisciplinary research of Czermno stronghold ... more The article discusses the results of the latest interdisciplinary research of Czermno stronghold and its immediate surroundings. The site is mentioned in chroniclers’ entries referring to the stronghold Cherven’ (Tale of Bygone Years, first mention under the year 981) and the so-called Cherven’ Towns. Given the scarcity of written records regarding the history of today’s Eastern Poland, Ukraine, and Belarus in the 10th and 11th centuries, recent archaeological research, supported by geoenvironmental analyses and absolute dating, brought a significant qualitative change. In 2014 and 2015, the remains of the oldest rampart of the stronghold were uncovered for the first time. A series of radiocarbon datings allows us to refer the erection of the stronghold to the second half/late 10th century. The results of several years’ interdisciplinary research (2012-2020) introduce qualitatively new data to the issue of the Cherven’ Towns, which both change current considerations and confirm the ...
Spring-fed fens in Wardzyn represent the rare group of alkaline mires supplied by artesian ground... more Spring-fed fens in Wardzyn represent the rare group of alkaline mires supplied by artesian groundwater. Using multidisciplinary methods (including sedimentological, hydrometric and hydrochemical, pollen, macrofossil, malacological, geochemical, radiocarbon dating, and stable oxygen and carbon isotope analyses) we have been able to (1) reconstruct the main phases of spring-fed fen development, and to (2) determine the cause of Neoholocene groundwater ascension responsible for the mire inception. These phases are characterized by cyclic organic (peat) and carbonate (tufa) sedimentation associated with the Holocene fluctuations in humidity and temperature. The beginning of the activation of hydrological systems (involving the flow of confined groundwater of the Cretaceous aquifer) at Wardzyn occurred in the Subboreal period of the Holocene, after a long episode of decreased humidity initiated ca. 4.2 ka cal BP.
Spring-fed fens are unique peat-forming ecosystems, interesting not only in terms of their floral... more Spring-fed fens are unique peat-forming ecosystems, interesting not only in terms of their floral composition, but geological structure and palaeo-ecological development as well. Their existence is supported by a constant supply of groundwater rich in calcium carbonate. Geological structure is characterized by the occurrence of alternating layers of biogenic and carbonate deposits which reflect changes in moisture and temperature conditions in the fen's surrounds. Despite the low frequency of sporomorphs, in many cases pollen analysis of these biogenic deposits shed light on the changes in the plant communities before the activation of spring waters. In addition, it provided new facts for palaeo-environmental interpretations, mainly concerning climate-habitat changes. Based on the composition of pollen spectra, the examined deposits were related in most cases to the Early Holocene or the Late Glacial/Preboreal transition. The one exception here was the middle Mesoholocene age determined in the northernmost site. The results permit us not only to determine the beginning of development of these forms but also to draw climatic-stratigraphic and palaeo-environmental conclusions on a regional scale.
The article raises the issue of the nature, intensity and environmental conditions of the settlem... more The article raises the issue of the nature, intensity and environmental conditions of the settlement processes occurring on the borderline of the loessic Sandomierz Upland and the sandyclay areas of the Iłża Foothills, between the end of the 6th and the beginning of the 4th millennia BC. The results of previously conducted research confirm the high settlement activity in these areas, throughout the period of development of the Danubian cultural groups. The obtained data document the phenomenon of the formation and functioning of the early-agricultural settlement centres in upland areas, located outside the range of compact loess cover, i.e. within ecological and landscape zones that diverge from the basic preferences of the Danubian communities, inhabiting the upland areas of the upper Vistula basin.
Radiocarbon-dated spring-fed fen deposits from the Komarów site (Volhynia Upland, SE Poland) with... more Radiocarbon-dated spring-fed fen deposits from the Komarów site (Volhynia Upland, SE Poland) with its multi-proxy data (macrofossils, molluscs, geochemistry, pollen, stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon) enable us (1) to distinguish four main stages of fen evolution, which reflected a distinct variability of water supply conditions and (2) to reconstruct the Holocene humidity–temperature changes. The beginning of peat–tufa deposition took place in a Boreal phase, after a significant cool fluctuation of climate occurring ca. 9.4 ka cal. BP. We suggest that climate was the most important factor conditioning the development of the spring-fed fen. Permafrost degradation, and then wet periods, intensified the activity of ascending springs. The impact of humans was possible since the Neolithic period and increased during the Middle Ages: therefore, the anthropogenic influence could have partially overlapped with the regional tendencies of climate changes. Autogenic development of deposit ...
Comparison of soil texture determined by two dispersion units of Mastersizer 2000 The comparison ... more Comparison of soil texture determined by two dispersion units of Mastersizer 2000 The comparison of particle size distributions measured by sedimentation methods and laser diffraction shows the underestimation of the fine (clay) fraction. This is attributed mainly to the shape of clay particles being different than spherical. The objective of this study was to demonstrate differences in the results of particle size distributions of soils determined with the method of laser diffraction using two different dispersion units of the Malvern Mastersizer 2000.
Th e geological and hydrological context of the occurrence of a rare group of spring mires (solig... more Th e geological and hydrological context of the occurrence of a rare group of spring mires (soligenous fens) in the young glacial area of Western Pomerania (Parsęta River catchment, Northern Poland) has been analysed. Spring mires are located mainly in the contact zones of units with diff erent geological structure, which creates favourable conditions for the occurrence of large outfl ows of groundwater rich in calcium carbonate leached from glacigenic sediments. In selected objects (Ogartowo, Bobolice and Głodzino sites), which diff er in terms of morphology and hydrology, the biogenic-carbonate sedimentation / sedentation styles were recognised, the supply conditions of spring mires were determined, and the habitat conditions and vegetation structure are described in detail.
Dobrowolski R. 1995. Drobne struktury tektoniczne w skałach górnokredowych wschodniej części Wyży... more Dobrowolski R. 1995. Drobne struktury tektoniczne w skałach górnokredowych wschodniej części Wyżyny Lubelskiej a dyslokacje podłoża platformy wschodnioeuropejskiej w kenozoiku. Mesoscopic tectonic structures in the Upper Cretaceous rocks in the eastern part of the Lublin Upland versus faulting of the East-European Platform basement during the Cainozoic (In Polish, English summary).
C concentration measurements together with carbon and oxygen stable isotope analysis in calcareou... more C concentration measurements together with carbon and oxygen stable isotope analysis in calcareous tufa give possibilities for reconstruction of time scale and palaeoclimatic conditions of sedimentary processes. Results of isotope examinations of 2 profiles with organic and tufa sediments from Eastern Poland and 8 calcareous tufa sites from Eastern India (Orissa) are given. A systematic error of 14 C conventional age of carbonate fraction of tufa samples as reservoir age (T R ) was estimated. The T R values of different type of tufa sediment are determined by stream water energy. On the basis of known experimental dependence between T R and δ 13 C for tufas deposited in high, average and low energy water, unknown values of T R and corrected 14 C ages (T CCA ) were calculated for samples from India tufa sites. Continuous deposition of organic and carbonate sediments in Polish profiles give the possibility to calculate the approximated T CCA ages on the basis of dependence between T CCA and a sample depth in a profile, and time scale reconstruction of δ 13 C and δ 18 O changes in carbonate fraction of tufa samples during the whole Holocene.
Chełm Hills is an area situated on the northern periphery of the Lublin Upland in the eastern par... more Chełm Hills is an area situated on the northern periphery of the Lublin Upland in the eastern part of Poland. It is a mesoregion covering about 722 square kilometres. Monadnocks and hillocks reaching the relative altitudes up to 300 metres above see level, which are towering above the sandy of peaty plains are characteristic to this area. They are built of Cretaceous formations covered with layers of the Tertiary sandstones of varying thickness. Within them lies the Cretaceous flint raw material, which macroscopically is often similar to siliceous rocks occurring in the neighbouring areas of Volhynia, Volhynian Polesie and Podlasie. Current verification work has revealed mostly Prehistoric sites, documenting settlement from the Middle Palaeolithic to the end of the Bronze Age. Among these, the most numerous group is constituted by Late Palaeolithic and Early Bronze Age materials. The Late Palaeolithic sources were recorded most of all in the form of remnants of workshops documented ...
Projekt okładki -Katarzyna Jeznach, z wykorzystaniem fotografii Andrzeja Różyckiego Monografia zo... more Projekt okładki -Katarzyna Jeznach, z wykorzystaniem fotografii Andrzeja Różyckiego Monografia została przygotowana na podstawie syntezy wyników wielu lat badań i doświadczeń czołowych naukowców i specjalistów z zakresu gospodarki wodnej i rekultywacji terenu w aspektach: naturalnym, historycznym, społeczno-ekonomicznym, konstrukcyjnym, technologicznym, środowiskowym, ekonomicznym i innych, a także w zakresie rekultywacji i zagospodarowania Polesia Białorusi, Ukrainy, Polski i Rosji. Monografia poświęcona jest glebie, technologii, hydrologii i środowisku, projektom rekultywacji terenu, a także aranżacji wykorzystania potencjału zasobów naturalnych i ocen środowiskowch oraz efektywności ekonomicznej rekultywacji terenów Polesia. Praca przeznaczona jest dla specjalistów w dziedzinie gleboznawstwa, ochrony przyrody, gospodarki wodnej, produkcji rolniczej, naukowców, doktorantów i studentów odpowiednich specjalności.
and northwestern Ukraine (Fig. 1A), represent a special type of landscape that was the consequenc... more and northwestern Ukraine (Fig. 1A), represent a special type of landscape that was the consequence of a specific geological structure, dominated by fissured Maastrichtian chalk and morphodynamic processes of various origins and ages. Soft carbonate rocks, such as chalk and chalky limestones, are very susceptible to both chemical solution and mechanical deformation, especially as a result of frost activity, with a tendency to postdepositional transformation (Murton and Ballantyne, 2017). As a consequence, the chalklands are characterized by the co-occurrence of: (1) a chalk karst complex, distinguished from the classic one by a different register of surface forms and the limited occurrence or lack of underground forms (Maruszczak, 1966;
Libera J., Dobrowolski R., Szeliga M. and Wiśniewski T. 2014. Flints in glacigenic sediments of t... more Libera J., Dobrowolski R., Szeliga M. and Wiśniewski T. 2014. Flints in glacigenic sediments of the Chełm Hills, Eastern Poland. Prehistory and geology. Sprawozdania Archeologiczne 66, 57–82. Chełm Hills is an area situated on the northern periphery of the Lublin Upland in the eastern part of Poland. It is a mesoregion covering about 722 square kilometres. Monadnocks and hillocks reaching the relative altitudes up to 300 metres above see level, which are towering above the sandy of peaty plains are characteristic to this area. They are built of Cretaceous formations covered with layers of the Tertiary sandstones of varying thickness. Within them lies the Cretaceous flint raw material, which macroscopically is often similar to siliceous rocks occurring in the neighbouring areas of Volhynia, Volhynian Polesie and Podlasie. Current verification work has revealed mostly Prehistoric sites, documenting settlement from the Middle Palaeolithic to the end of the Bronze Age. Among these, the ...
Purpose. To investigate the genesis and key historical aspects that have led to the popularizatio... more Purpose. To investigate the genesis and key historical aspects that have led to the popularization of the concept of “definlandization” in scientific literature, as well as the strategic priorities of the formation of the Marshall Plan within the framework of a possible military and economic union between Great Britain, Ukraine, Poland and the Baltic countries. To propose optimal ways of neutralizing economic threats and to determine probable scenarios of the post-war reconstruction of the infrastructure of the national economy of Ukraine. Methodology. The article uses a combination of correlation and SWOT analysis, which made it possible to calculate the value of natural wealth in the post-war period based on SPSS Data Analysis Software. The used economic-mathematical methods made it possible to form an algorithm for calculating the cost of restoring Ukraine’s total resource losses from Russian aggression in monetary terms and to establish mutually unambiguous correlations with the...
Alkaline spring-fed fens are a rare type of soligeneous wetlands, characterised by an alternating... more Alkaline spring-fed fens are a rare type of soligeneous wetlands, characterised by an alternating arrangement of layers of peat and calcareous tufa, defined as the peat-tufa rhythmite. They are known, for example, from the strongly undulating young glacial landscapes of Central Europe, where many of them are protected by law. These include sites located in the Chociel River valley, in Western Pomerania (Northern Poland). One such spring-fed fen (Bobolice site) was investigated in detail using multiple methods (phytosociological, plant macrofossils, sedimentological and geochemical) for the current state of vegetation, reconstruction of its long-term development and, eventually, the identification of management strategies for its effective protection. Six developmental phases reflecting changes in the natural environment at the end of the Late Glacial and in the Holocene, as well as changes caused by human impacts in recent centuries, were identified for the investigated site. In the past, the dominant role in the formation of the spring-fed fen was attributed to sedge and sedge-moss communities, also with an admixture of Sphagnum in the last phase of the fen's development. For about 300 years increased human activity has been recorded in the Chociel Valley, resulting in a modification of the water regime and a strong transformation of vegetation. Today, the real vegetation is therefore the result of both the presence of various mire habitats and various types of agricultural use. The current state of spring-fed fens in the Chociel River valley points to the urgent need for the implementation of various active protection measures.
Rejowiec flint from the Chełm Hills occur among glacigenic sediments of the Odranian glaciation a... more Rejowiec flint from the Chełm Hills occur among glacigenic sediments of the Odranian glaciation and is referred to as erratic flints. The authors, based on the analysis of the sedimentary succession of a kame in Lechówka – within the boundaries of the largest outcrop, in so-called ‘Region I’ (Rejowiec region) – indicate that: (1) the probable source of the flints were older series of glacigenic sediments – from before the Odranian glaciation, (2) their great accumulation directly under the surface and – as a result – their considerable accessibility for exploitation in prehistory were caused by the ‘upfreezing of stones’ in the conditions of a periglacial environment during successive glacial periods (Odranian, Wartanian and Vistulian glaciations). The analysis of archaeological data confirmed the use of the local flints as early as in the Middle Palaeolithic and their most intense exploitation during two main periods – the final stage of the Palaeolithic and a period from the Late ...
The article discusses the results of the latest interdisciplinary research of Czermno stronghold ... more The article discusses the results of the latest interdisciplinary research of Czermno stronghold and its immediate surroundings. The site is mentioned in chroniclers’ entries referring to the stronghold Cherven’ (Tale of Bygone Years, first mention under the year 981) and the so-called Cherven’ Towns. Given the scarcity of written records regarding the history of today’s Eastern Poland, Ukraine, and Belarus in the 10th and 11th centuries, recent archaeological research, supported by geoenvironmental analyses and absolute dating, brought a significant qualitative change. In 2014 and 2015, the remains of the oldest rampart of the stronghold were uncovered for the first time. A series of radiocarbon datings allows us to refer the erection of the stronghold to the second half/late 10th century. The results of several years’ interdisciplinary research (2012-2020) introduce qualitatively new data to the issue of the Cherven’ Towns, which both change current considerations and confirm the ...
Spring-fed fens in Wardzyn represent the rare group of alkaline mires supplied by artesian ground... more Spring-fed fens in Wardzyn represent the rare group of alkaline mires supplied by artesian groundwater. Using multidisciplinary methods (including sedimentological, hydrometric and hydrochemical, pollen, macrofossil, malacological, geochemical, radiocarbon dating, and stable oxygen and carbon isotope analyses) we have been able to (1) reconstruct the main phases of spring-fed fen development, and to (2) determine the cause of Neoholocene groundwater ascension responsible for the mire inception. These phases are characterized by cyclic organic (peat) and carbonate (tufa) sedimentation associated with the Holocene fluctuations in humidity and temperature. The beginning of the activation of hydrological systems (involving the flow of confined groundwater of the Cretaceous aquifer) at Wardzyn occurred in the Subboreal period of the Holocene, after a long episode of decreased humidity initiated ca. 4.2 ka cal BP.
Spring-fed fens are unique peat-forming ecosystems, interesting not only in terms of their floral... more Spring-fed fens are unique peat-forming ecosystems, interesting not only in terms of their floral composition, but geological structure and palaeo-ecological development as well. Their existence is supported by a constant supply of groundwater rich in calcium carbonate. Geological structure is characterized by the occurrence of alternating layers of biogenic and carbonate deposits which reflect changes in moisture and temperature conditions in the fen's surrounds. Despite the low frequency of sporomorphs, in many cases pollen analysis of these biogenic deposits shed light on the changes in the plant communities before the activation of spring waters. In addition, it provided new facts for palaeo-environmental interpretations, mainly concerning climate-habitat changes. Based on the composition of pollen spectra, the examined deposits were related in most cases to the Early Holocene or the Late Glacial/Preboreal transition. The one exception here was the middle Mesoholocene age determined in the northernmost site. The results permit us not only to determine the beginning of development of these forms but also to draw climatic-stratigraphic and palaeo-environmental conclusions on a regional scale.
The article raises the issue of the nature, intensity and environmental conditions of the settlem... more The article raises the issue of the nature, intensity and environmental conditions of the settlement processes occurring on the borderline of the loessic Sandomierz Upland and the sandyclay areas of the Iłża Foothills, between the end of the 6th and the beginning of the 4th millennia BC. The results of previously conducted research confirm the high settlement activity in these areas, throughout the period of development of the Danubian cultural groups. The obtained data document the phenomenon of the formation and functioning of the early-agricultural settlement centres in upland areas, located outside the range of compact loess cover, i.e. within ecological and landscape zones that diverge from the basic preferences of the Danubian communities, inhabiting the upland areas of the upper Vistula basin.
Radiocarbon-dated spring-fed fen deposits from the Komarów site (Volhynia Upland, SE Poland) with... more Radiocarbon-dated spring-fed fen deposits from the Komarów site (Volhynia Upland, SE Poland) with its multi-proxy data (macrofossils, molluscs, geochemistry, pollen, stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon) enable us (1) to distinguish four main stages of fen evolution, which reflected a distinct variability of water supply conditions and (2) to reconstruct the Holocene humidity–temperature changes. The beginning of peat–tufa deposition took place in a Boreal phase, after a significant cool fluctuation of climate occurring ca. 9.4 ka cal. BP. We suggest that climate was the most important factor conditioning the development of the spring-fed fen. Permafrost degradation, and then wet periods, intensified the activity of ascending springs. The impact of humans was possible since the Neolithic period and increased during the Middle Ages: therefore, the anthropogenic influence could have partially overlapped with the regional tendencies of climate changes. Autogenic development of deposit ...
Comparison of soil texture determined by two dispersion units of Mastersizer 2000 The comparison ... more Comparison of soil texture determined by two dispersion units of Mastersizer 2000 The comparison of particle size distributions measured by sedimentation methods and laser diffraction shows the underestimation of the fine (clay) fraction. This is attributed mainly to the shape of clay particles being different than spherical. The objective of this study was to demonstrate differences in the results of particle size distributions of soils determined with the method of laser diffraction using two different dispersion units of the Malvern Mastersizer 2000.
Th e geological and hydrological context of the occurrence of a rare group of spring mires (solig... more Th e geological and hydrological context of the occurrence of a rare group of spring mires (soligenous fens) in the young glacial area of Western Pomerania (Parsęta River catchment, Northern Poland) has been analysed. Spring mires are located mainly in the contact zones of units with diff erent geological structure, which creates favourable conditions for the occurrence of large outfl ows of groundwater rich in calcium carbonate leached from glacigenic sediments. In selected objects (Ogartowo, Bobolice and Głodzino sites), which diff er in terms of morphology and hydrology, the biogenic-carbonate sedimentation / sedentation styles were recognised, the supply conditions of spring mires were determined, and the habitat conditions and vegetation structure are described in detail.
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