Prima Widia

These days, research on the traditional architecture of South Kalimantan focuses merely on traditional settlements and houses. In particular, research on mosques as places of worship has been limited and is sometimes never published. Meanwhile, the construction of new mosques in South Kalimantan is no longer concerned with the cultural values inherent in local architecture. This research aims to reveal the meaning of cultural values implied by the symbols in the traditional mosques of South Kalimantan. Architecture is not only a product, but also a process that has meaning. Symbols in architecture are forms of media that convey the meanings of cultural values. In interpreting the symbols in the traditional mosques of South Kalimantan, this research analyzes and compares these symbols in relation to their meanings in the overall cultural narrative of the Banjarese tribe in South Kalimantan. Based on the study of seven traditional mosques in South Kalimantan, it was observed that there are two main symbols that are rooted in the cultural values of the Banjarese tribe. These symbols form the architectural characteristics of traditional mosques in South Kalimantan. First, traditional mosques in South Kalimantan have a special mihrab design. This design is a symbol interpreting the culture of the Banjarese tribe, which places the imam on the highest social level as a leader and role model. Second, the shape of the roof is slightly influenced by traditional Javanese mosques. However, the overall shape of traditional mosques in South Kalimantan is the manifestation of Banjarese culture. Traditional mosques in South Kalimantan are symbolizations of the hayat tree and hornbill, which are the both the highest symbols and symbols of identity in Dayak mythology (the origin of Banjarese tribe). The hayat tree symbolizes life, unity, and the relationship to God. On the other hand, the hornbill symbolizes the soul of the tribe building the mosque.

This research is concerned about the extinction of local wisdom in South Kalimantan. The goal is to conserve of Banjar local wisdom contained in traditional architecture. It focuses to formulate the concept of conservation on the wetlands heritage areas in order to preserve the architectural local wisdom of Rumah Bubungan Tinggi Telok Selong. This formulation is critical due to an act of vandalism, destruction, trading, claims, natural disasters, and theft that threatens architecture heritage. Rumah Bubungan Tinggi Telok Selong stands on wetlands environment, and is surrounded by wetlands. Research that related to architecture and wetlands has been widely conducted. However, the formulation of the concept of conservation in architecture and wetlands heritage areas has not been broadly investigated. Therefore, preserving the wetlands heritage areas of Rumah Bubungan Tinggi Telok Selong is beneficial to the development of science, especially in architecture. This is the type of field research, which is directly conducted in the field to investigate phenomena and problems related to the research. Descriptive-qualitative method is used as this research describes the state of the research object at the present time based on the facts and actual circumstances. It begins by determining the delineation of wetlands heritage areas through the image of the city theory followed by the assessment of wetlands heritage areas using the urban design process theory to formulate the conservation concept for wetlands area of Rumah Bubungan Tinggi Telok Selong. The result of this research is guidelines to preserve the wetlands heritage areas and the architecture of Rumah Bubungan Tinggi Telok Selong. It may be further formed a normative policy which has practical benefit to preserve one of the learning resources of Banjar traditional architecture.