The present study was aimed to examine the effects of 3-week zinc and melatonin administration on testicular tissue injury and serum Inhibin-B levels caused by unilateral testicular torsion-detorsion in rats. The study was performed on 60... more
The present study was aimed to examine the effects of 3-week zinc and melatonin administration on testicular tissue injury and serum Inhibin-B levels caused by unilateral testicular torsion-detorsion in rats. The study was performed on 60 Wistar Albino-type adult male rats. The animals were allocated to 6 groups in equal numbers. 1. Control; 2. Sham; 3. Ischemia-reperfusion; 4. Zinc + ischemia-reperfusion; 5. Melatonin + ischemia-reperfusion; 6. Zinc + melatonin + ischemia-reperfusion. Zinc and melatonin were administered before ischemia-reperfusion at doses of 5 and 3 mg/kg respectively, by intraperitoneal route for a period of 3 weeks. Testicular torsion-detorsion procedures consisted of ischemia for 1 h and then reperfusion for another hour of the left testis. Blood and testicular tissue samples were collected to analyze erythrocyte and tissue GSH and plasma and tissue MDA, Inhibin-B levels. The highest erythrocyte and testis GSH values were found in zinc, melatonin, and zinc + m...
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Objective: In this study we investigated the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on fracture healing in rat ribs. Methods: 72 male Wistar-Albino rats were randomly distributed in 3 equal groups, each including 24 subjects.... more
Objective: In this study we investigated the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on fracture healing in rat ribs. Methods: 72 male Wistar-Albino rats were randomly distributed in 3 equal groups, each including 24 subjects. To simulate a fracture; left thoracotomy was performed under general anaesthesia and a 0.5 cm segment was removed from the ribs. After 24 hours of surgery LIPUS began to be implemented according to the groups. Group 1 served as control for the observation of normal bone healing. LIPUS was applied at a doses of %20 (2 msn pulse-8 msn pause) 100 mW/cm2 and %50 (5 msn pulse – 5 msn pause) 200 mW/cm2 for 6 minutes per day respectively in group 2 and 3. Eight animals from each group were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 6 weeks for further assessment. We analysed histologic changes in the bone. Results: Although no statistical difference was noted for osteoblasts, osteoclasts, new bone formation and lymphocytes among all groups; histologic consolidation was significantly increased by LIPUS. In our study while LIPUS stimulates osteoblastic, osteoclastic and new bone formation, inhibits lymphocyte infiltration. Conclusion: In accordance with the literature, LIPUS either used in lower or higher doses stimulates the consolidation of rib fractures. The most prominent improvement was observed in 200 mW/cm2 group after long term follow-up. Accelerating the natural healing process in patients with rib fractures will be able to treat more effective, short and low cost treatment.
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This study was undertaken to test the effect of irradiation on the histopathology of the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. In addition, the probable effects of radiotherapy on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and levels of nitric... more
This study was undertaken to test the effect of irradiation on the histopathology of the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. In addition, the probable effects of radiotherapy on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and levels of nitric oxide (NO) in the plasma were investigated as well. The effects of melatonin treatment on radiotherapy-based central nervous system (CNS) damage were also studied. For this purpose, the rats were randomized into four groups. The first group was the control group (sham-exposed group), the second group received only melatonin, the third group was irradiated and the fourth group received both melatonin and irradiation. Plasma samples of rats were collected for measuring the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and the levels of NO. 24 h after the interventions, tissue samples were obtained from the hypothalamus and the cerebral cortex for the light microscopic investigations. These tissues were mostly affected by radiation. The results...
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It is a well-established fact that cigarette smoking causes degenerative, inflammatory, and respiratory diseases in humans. Because many factors such as air pollution and harsh working conditions can easily be eliminated in animal... more
It is a well-established fact that cigarette smoking causes degenerative, inflammatory, and respiratory diseases in humans. Because many factors such as air pollution and harsh working conditions can easily be eliminated in animal studies, we conducted this study to identify the effect of tobacco on rat trachea. 24 male Wistar rats were divided randomly into an experimental and a control group. The experimental group of rats was exposed to cigarette smoke for 2 h each day over a duration of 60 consecutive days and the control group was treated in an identical fashion yet exposed only to room air. A morphometric study was performed on tracheal specimens taken from 22 rats (10 smoke-exposed rats and 12 control rats). Our results show that many of the morphological changes of the tracheal epithelium were found in the experimental group and significant quantitative differences were observed between the two groups. Loss of cilia, basal cell hyperplasia, goblet cell hyperplasia and an inc...
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Varicocele is a common disorder among male population and is the most common cause of secondary infertility. Microsurgical inguinal or subinguinal operations are the preferred approaches but the two differ in technical difficulty.... more
Varicocele is a common disorder among male population and is the most common cause of secondary infertility. Microsurgical inguinal or subinguinal operations are the preferred approaches but the two differ in technical difficulty. Therefore, we examined the histomorphological differences of spermatic cords at both subinguinal and inguinal levels in this cadaveric study. Spermatic cords from 9 adult male cadavers were examined at both the inguinal and subinguinal levels using a light microscope with an image analysis program in the anatomy and histology laboratories of Ankara University Medical School between July 15, 2006 and February 15, 2007. In terms of number and wall thickness, we did not observe any significant histomorphological differences in spermatic cord veins and arteries between the subinguinal and inguinal levels. We conclude that the subinguinal approach is not a harder technique than the inguinal approach concerning vessel dissection, but more studies must be made to compare subinguinal versus inguinal varicocelectomy.
Research Interests: Image Analysis, Medicine, Humans, Male, Cadaver, and 4 moreAdult, Urologia, Spermatic Cord, and Inguinal canal
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Besides the commonly seen side effects of intravesical BCG instillations, very rare complications have been reported including new tumor formation other than transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Here we report the first case of... more
Besides the commonly seen side effects of intravesical BCG instillations, very rare complications have been reported including new tumor formation other than transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Here we report the first case of pure squamous cell carcinoma formation in a BCG-treated patient with pure transitional cell carcinoma.
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Research Interests: Inflammation, Sex Hormones, Medicine, Liver, Female, and 11 moreAnimals, Male, Sepsis, Lung, Clinical Sciences, ENDOTOXEMIA, Rats, Edema, Sex Factors, Group, and Male rat
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To investigate the possible effect of melatonin (MEL) and zinc on the immune response to Toxoplasma gondii retinochoroiditis in the rat model of infection and to establish the possible value of artificial MEL and/or zinc supplementation... more
To investigate the possible effect of melatonin (MEL) and zinc on the immune response to Toxoplasma gondii retinochoroiditis in the rat model of infection and to establish the possible value of artificial MEL and/or zinc supplementation as adjunctive therapeutic agents in the treatment of T. gondii retinochoroiditis. Eighty-four Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 12 equal groups. All groups, except controls were infected with T. gondii parasite by intraperitoneal injection. Combinations of zinc-deficient diet, pinealectomy (Px), and artificial zinc and MEL were supplied during a 1-month period. At the end of the experiment, retinal and choroidal total lymphocytes, CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cell numbers were counted in histological sections. The highest amount of cellular infiltration (lymphocytes, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ cells) in the choroid and retina was detected in infected + MEL + zinc-treated rats, and the least amount of cellular infiltration was observed in Px + zinc-deficient diet-treated rats. Although single zinc or MEL supplementation had no significant impact on the cellular infiltration in the retina and choroid in Px rats, combined therapy significantly improved these responses. Artificial supplementation of MEL and zinc should be considered as an adjunctive therapy to classic treatment of Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis especially in immunosuppressed and elderly patients if our data are confirmed in a clinical setting.
Research Interests: Biology, Medicine, Melatonin, Animals, Male, and 8 moreRetina, Zinc, Optometry and Ophthalmology, Rats, Pineal Gland, Lymphocytes, Choroid, and Drug synergism
To investigate the possible effects of topical cyclosporine eye drops 2% (CsA) on conjunctival immune cells obtained by impression cytology technique and to determine the clinical relevance of this effect if present. Ten consecutive... more
To investigate the possible effects of topical cyclosporine eye drops 2% (CsA) on conjunctival immune cells obtained by impression cytology technique and to determine the clinical relevance of this effect if present. Ten consecutive patients with severe, resistant, and active vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) were included in this study. All of them were treated with 2% of topical CsA drops. Symptom and clinical scores and conjunctival impression cytology specimens were obtained both before and following treatment. Impression cytology specimens were stained with anti-CD8+, CD4+, CD45RA+, and CD23+ antibodies and the percentages of positive cells were counted. The results were compared and correlation analyses were performed between clinical and laboratory data. Significant reductions were observed with respect to the percentages of CD4+ and CD23+ cells in the conjunctival impression cytology specimens and clinical and symptom scores following treatment with topical CsA, while no change occurred in the percentages of CD8+ and CD45RA+ cells. The percentages of CD4+ and CD23+ cells showed good correlations with symptom and clinical scores. Topical CsA treatment is a very effective alternative in severe VKC cases in clinical ground and clinical efficacy of topical CsA treatment in severe, resistant VKC cases can be (at least partly) related to reduction of the CD23+ and CD4+ cell populations on the conjunctival surface.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effect of lodoxamide 0.1% ophthalmic solution (LOS) on tear T lymphocytes, especially Th2 (T helper 2 subgroup of helper T lymphocytes), in the tear specimens of patients with vernal... more
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effect of lodoxamide 0.1% ophthalmic solution (LOS) on tear T lymphocytes, especially Th2 (T helper 2 subgroup of helper T lymphocytes), in the tear specimens of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and to explore the mechanism of the anti-allergic effect of this drug. Twenty-eight active VKC patients were randomly divided into two groups each containing 14 patients. We obtained tear samples from all patients at the beginning of the study. LOS was prescribed to the study group (group A), but the controls (group B) received placebo over the course of 6 weeks. Tear samples were also collected from all patients following a 6-week course of treatment with either LOS or placebo. The percentages of Th1, Th2 and Th cells in the tear samples were measured by using a flow-cytometric technique and the results were compared to each other by using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank and Mann-Whitney U tests. We found that LOS treatment decreased the percentages of Th2 and Th cells in the tears of group A patients, while placebo had no effect on these values. Th1 cell count in the tears of both groups of patients did not show any significant change between the pre- and posttreatment stages. Our data suggest that LOS exerts, at least, some part of its anti-allergic effect via decreasing the Th2 cell number in the tears of VKC patients.
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Atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) is a chronic allergic eye disease. Although the pathogenesis is not fully understood, some impairment in cell-mediated immunity was suggested by histopathological findings in conjunctival specimens... more
Atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) is a chronic allergic eye disease. Although the pathogenesis is not fully understood, some impairment in cell-mediated immunity was suggested by histopathological findings in conjunctival specimens obtained from affected individuals. T-cell infiltration and an enhanced T-helper/T-suppressor cell ratio in conjunctival biopsy specimens were observed previously by immunofluorescence procedures. We analyzed the cells in tears of patients with AKC using flow cytometry (FCM) and compared the results to those of normal subjects to identify the role of T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of the disease. The tear samples of the patients and normal subjects were collected with capillary tubes, and the surface receptors of cells were detected with FCM. Statistical analyses were performed with Student's t test. The percentages of T cells, activated B cells, and T-helper/T-suppressor cell ratios were found to be higher in the tears of patients with AKC than in controls. We propose that a decreased T-suppressor cell concentration in tears may enhance immunoglobulin-E production of B cells, and the signs and symptoms are provoked by inflammatory mediators liberated from mast cell degranulation.
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Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that affects much of the human population. As a secondary complication, diabetic neuropathy causes time-dependent damage to peripheral nerves. In this study, experimental diabetes was induced by... more
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that affects much of the human population. As a secondary complication, diabetic neuropathy causes time-dependent damage to peripheral nerves. In this study, experimental diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ; 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally) in rats. Diabetic animals were grouped into those with 2 or 4 weeks of diabetes, whereas a control group received only the STZ vehicle (0.1 M citrate). Sciatic nerves were dissected, and compound action potentials (CAPs) were recorded. Results deduced by conventional calculation carried less information when compared with conduction velocity distribution (CVD) obtained by a computer-based mathematical model. Using the conventional approach, statistically significant changes were first seen in the fourth week of diabetes, whereas results deduced by CVD measurement could be seen in the second week. Consequently, the CVD calculation provides more information for the early diagnosis of neuropathies compared with classical conduction velocity measurements.
Research Interests: Biophysics, Electrophysiology, Blood Glucose, Animals, Male, and 15 moreReaction Time, Mathematical Computing, Mathematical Model, Rats, Analysis of Variance, Rat, Body Weight, Conduction Velocity, Action potential, Action Potentials, Computer, Motor Neurons, Diabetic Neuropathies, Medical and Health Sciences, and Electric stimulation
We aimed to demonstrate the positive effects of the serine protease inhibitor aprotinin on neural ischemia-reperfusion injury and apoptosis in a rat model. There were 18 rats divided into 3 groups: group A (sham, n = 6), group B... more
We aimed to demonstrate the positive effects of the serine protease inhibitor aprotinin on neural ischemia-reperfusion injury and apoptosis in a rat model. There were 18 rats divided into 3 groups: group A (sham, n = 6), group B (ischemia-reperfusion, n = 6), and group C (ischemia-reperfusion + aprotinin, n = 6). The systolic blood pressure of the group B and C rats was decreased to 40% to 50% of the normal level by taking blood from the femoral vein to develop hemorrhagic shock. The blood was retained and given to the remaining group B and C rats for reperfusion 20 minutes after the procedure. In group B, isotonic solution and, in group C, aprotinin was administered to the rats 5 minutes before reperfusion. After the rats were killed, the brain tissue samples were fixed for histopathologic examination. Brain tissue superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and tissue myeloperoxidase level and apoptotic cell analyses were performed in all groups. Superoxide dismutase level decreased from group A to group B and increased from group B to group C (p < 0.05). Malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels and apoptotic cells increased from group A to group B and decreased from group B to group C (p < 0.05). The results suggest that the systemic use of aprotinin in ischemic neural tissue prevents reperfusion injury and also protects the morphologic, functional, and biochemical integrity of the neural tissue.
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Research Interests: Medicine, Colorectal cancer, Female, Animals, Clinical Sciences, and 15 moreRats, Time Factors, Wistar Rats, Abdominal Wall Hernias, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, Hydroxyproline, Surgical, Human Fibroblasts, Tensile Strength, Serum albumin, Colorectal Neoplasms, Combined Modality Therapy, fibroblasts, fluorouracil, and leukocyte Count
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Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (JHF) is an autosomal recessive disease that presents with multiple subcutaneous nodular tumours, gingival fibromatosis, flexion contractures of the joint and hyaline material accumulation in extracellular... more
Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (JHF) is an autosomal recessive disease that presents with multiple subcutaneous nodular tumours, gingival fibromatosis, flexion contractures of the joint and hyaline material accumulation in extracellular area. Recently, the causative gene for JHF, capillary morphogenesis protein 2 (CMG2) was identified. In this case report, periodontal status, treatment and follow-up together with histopathologic evaluation of gingival tissue specimens and mutation screening of two JHF cases are presented. A 10-year-old female (case 1) and her 3-year-old brother (case 2) were first examined in our department with a complaint of gingival hyperplasia in 1991. Symptoms of the disease were detected in two of four siblings in the family. Several gingivectomy operations were carried out over 11 years with hygiene motivation and initial phase therapy. After the last gingivectomy operation in 2002, the patients were reviewed frequently. Although there was linear marginal gingival inflammation, no remarkable enlargement was noted at last appointment. Histopathological findings showed increased amounts of subepithelial nodular connective tissue, thinned epithelial mucosa, separated inter-cellular bridges and decreased numbers of connective tissue cells in gingival tissue samples. Electron microscopic examinations supported the histopathological findings. Mutation screening of CMG2 demonstrated that the siblings were homozygous for a pathogenic missense mutation, V386F. Our clinical findings demonstrate that gingivectomy is useful and frequent periodontal visits are important for maintaining oral hygiene and decreasing growth rate of gingiva in JHF.
Research Interests: Dentistry, Membrane Proteins, Medicine, Humans, Child, and 8 moreFemale, Clinical, Male, Siblings, Pedigree, Reoperation, Child preschool, and Gingivectomy
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a bilateral seasonal conjunctival inflammation. Exact pathogenesis of the disease is unknown, but some evidences suggest TH lymphocyte-mediated immune reactions. The aim of this study was to... more
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a bilateral seasonal conjunctival inflammation. Exact pathogenesis of the disease is unknown, but some evidences suggest TH lymphocyte-mediated immune reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the T lymphocyte and its subsets in the pathogenesis of VKC. We obtained tear samples from patients with VKC and normal volunteers during active (spring) and quiescent (winter) periods. The patients' records were also obtained for assessment of symptom scores. The percentages of CD4/29+, CD4/45RA+, CD4+, and CD8+ in tear samples were established by using flow cytometry, and the results of all three groups were compared with each other by using the Wilcoxon matched-pair signed-rank test and the Mann-Whitney U test. The percentages of CD4/29+ and CD4+ cells in tears of patients with VKC increased significantly in the active period and decreased to normal levels in the quiescent stage. In contrast, the percentages of CD4/45RA+ and CD8+ cells in tears of patients with VKC did not show any significant change between spring and winter. The patients' symptoms were significantly lower in the quiescent period (winter) compared with the active stage (spring). We propose that increased numbers of CD4+ and CD4/29+ cells in tears may be exacerbating the disease during the spring season.
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Research Interests: Medicine, Ischemia Reperfusion Injury, Antioxidants, Renal transplantation, Kidney, and 15 moreReactive Oxygen Species, Animals, Male, Clinical Sciences, Rats, Group, Rat Model, Reperfusion injury, Aortic Aneurysm, Clinical Application, Renal Dysfunction, Malondialdehyde, Protein Oxidation, Electron Microscope, and Albino Rat
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Research Interests: Herpes Simplex, Tissue culture, Mice, Female, Animals, and 13 moreMale, Optometry and Ophthalmology, Analysis of Variance, Rabbits, Ophthalmic Solutions, Neurosciences, Antiviral Agents, Keratitis, Random Allocation, antiviral agent, Treatment Failure, purines, and Medical biochemistry and metabolomics
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Research Interests: Immunohistochemistry, Medicine, Lipopolysaccharide, Escherichia coli, Animals, and 15 moreMale, T lymphocytes, Neutrophils, Lipopolysaccharides, Optometry and Ophthalmology, Rats, Group, Iris, Rat Model, Monoclonal Antibody, Neurosciences, immunoglobulin G, Tumor necrosis factor, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics, and leukocyte Count
In this study, we aimed to delineate the mode of neuroprotective action of FK-506, and demonstrated that FK-506 could decrease oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death in an in vivo rat model of neural ischemia-reperfusion after... more
In this study, we aimed to delineate the mode of neuroprotective action of FK-506, and demonstrated that FK-506 could decrease oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death in an in vivo rat model of neural ischemia-reperfusion after hemorrhagic shock. Thirty rats were used as experimental subjects and divided into five equal groups. Group A rats (sham group, n = 6) were anesthetized and craniotomies were performed for collecting brain tissue samples. In group B ischemia-reperfusion (I/R + 1 h, n = 6), group C (I/R + 24 h, n = 6), group D (I/ R + 1 h FK-506, n = 6) and group E (I/R + 24 h FK-506, n = 6), systolic blood pressure of the rats decreased to 40-50% of the normal level via bleeding from the femoral vein. Thus, a hemorrhagic shock and ischemic neural tissue model was formed. The bloodwas retained and given to the remaining animals in groups B, C,Dand E via femoral vein for reperfusion 20 min after the procedure. In group D and E, 1 mg/kg FK-506 in 0.5 ml isotonic solution was administered to the rats 5 min before reperfusion. Group B and D rats were sacrificed after 1 h and group Cand E rats were sacrificed 24 h after reperfusion; the rats were sacrificed via bleeding associated with intracardiac puncture. Craniotomy was also performed in groups B, C, D and E and brain tissue samples were fixed using neutral buffered 10% formaldehyde solution for immunohistopathological examination as in group A. Brain tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, tissue myeloperoxydase (MPO) activities and apoptotic cell analyses with Apo 2.7 immunohistochemically were also performed in all groups. The result of the study revealed that the SOD activities were lower for groups B (I/R + 1 h) and C (I/ R + 24 h) than for group A (sham group) (p < 0.05). In addition, SOD activities were higher in groups D (I/ R + 1 h FK-506) and E (I/R + 24 h FK-506) than in groups B (I/R + 1 h) and C (I/R + 24 h) (p < 0.05). MDA levels, MPO activities and the number of apoptotic cells were lower in group A (sham group) than in groups B (I/R + 1 h) and C (I/R + 24 h) (p < 0.05). In addition to these MDA levels, MPO activities and the number of apoptotic cells were higher in groups B (I/R + 1 h) and C (I/R + 24 h) as compared to groups D (I/R + 1 h FK-506) and E (I/R + 24 h FK-506) (p < 0.05). The results suggest that the prophylactic use of FK-506 in an in situ ischemic neural tissue may prevent reperfusion injury.
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The aims of the study were twofold: 1) to investigate the role of T lymphocyte subtypes in the pathogenesis of endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) and 2) to study the possible beneficial effect of pentoxifylline, an inhibitor of neutrophil... more
The aims of the study were twofold: 1) to investigate the role of T lymphocyte subtypes in the pathogenesis of endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) and 2) to study the possible beneficial effect of pentoxifylline, an inhibitor of neutrophil motility, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha on this disease. Forty-two inbred male Lewis rats were divided into seven equal groups. 200 microg of Escherichia coli 055: B55 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected in one hind footpad of the Group 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 rats. Group 5, 6, and 7 rats also received concomitant intraperitoneal pentoxifylline (PTX) during food pad injection of LPS. Group 1 rats were used as controls with intra-peritoneal normal saline injection. Eight, 24, and 48 hours after treatment, the rats were euthanized. Neutrophil leukocyte, mononuclear cells, and CD4+, CD8+, and CD45RA+ cell infiltration in the anterior uveal tissue were determined either by hematoxylin-eosin or monoclonal antibody staining. Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels were also measured in the aqueous and blood samples. We compared the numbers of infiltrating cells in the different groups. We found that peak infiltration of lymphocyte, neutrophils, and CD4+ cells occurred at 24 hours. However, CD8+ and CD45RA+ cell number reached their highest levels at 48 hours. There was no inflammatory cell infiltration in the control rats. Concomitant pentoxifylline treatment did not affect any of these parameters, although it effectively reduced TNF-alpha concentrations in the anterior chamber and the serum. We conclude that, 1) T lymphocytes might be involved in the pathogenesis of endotoxin-induced uveitis. 2) The potential role of pentoxifylline in the treatment of human uveitis is questionable. However, these are initial findings and need confirmation by additional studies.
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To explore the immune mechanism of Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) by analyzing infiltrating cells in orbital connective tissue (OCT) specimens of patients with active GO using immunohistochemical methods. Five OCT specimens obtained from... more
To explore the immune mechanism of Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) by analyzing infiltrating cells in orbital connective tissue (OCT) specimens of patients with active GO using immunohistochemical methods. Five OCT specimens obtained from patients with active GO and five control specimens obtained from forensic cadavers who died from nonmedical reasons were stained with anti-CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RO, HLA-Dr, CD25, and TNF-alpha monoclonal antibodies. Positively stained cells were counted and results were interpreted as cell counts/mm2. Four of five GO patients had never been treated with any immunomodulating therapy. Only one had received oral prednisolone prior to tissue sampling, but this treatment had ceased 5 months before surgery. The retro-orbital tissue specimens obtained from forensic cadavers did not show any significant positive staining for any monoclonal antibody tested. However, the specimens from GO patients showed positively stained means of 36.66 +/- 4.61 HLA-Dr+, 12.8 +/- 3.42 CD8+, 11.8 +/- 1.78 CD4+, 16.6 +/- 1.81 CD3+, 21.2 +/- 3.12 CD45RO+, 10.4 +/- 2.07 TNF-alpha+, 7.2 +/- 1.48 CD25+, 3.2 +/- 1.09 CD4+CD8+, 4.6 +/- 1.67 CD4+CD45RO+, 2.8 +/- 0.83 CD8+CD45RO+, 1.6 +/- 0.89 CD4+CD25+, and 1.8 +/- 1 0.83 CD8+CD25+ cells/mm2. Our study supports that most of the infiltrating lymphocytic cells in the active stage of GO are T cells, and a significant proportion of them are CD45RO+ cells. Infiltration of OCT by HLA-Dr+, CD25+, and TNF-alpha cells suggests that Th1-type immune reaction with the interference of proinflammatory cytokine(s) (TNF-alpha) may be important in the pathogenesis of disease. Further studies are needed to understand the disease pathogenesis and may provide a scientific basis for future treatment alternatives for the disease (e.g., anti-cytokine treatment).
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Cadmium accumulation in the lens has been implicated in cataractogenesis of chronic smokers. This study was planned to evaluate whether or not in vivo cigarette smoke exposure causes cadmium accumulation in rat lens, and possible... more
Cadmium accumulation in the lens has been implicated in cataractogenesis of chronic smokers. This study was planned to evaluate whether or not in vivo cigarette smoke exposure causes cadmium accumulation in rat lens, and possible protective effect and mechanism of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) treatment on cataractogenesis. 28 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups. Group 3 and 4 rats were exposed to cigarette smoke over ninety consecutive days, and Group 1 and 2 rats were treated in a similar fashion but exposed only to room air. Additionally, vitamin E was given to Group 2 and 4 rats. Significantly higher iron levels were observed in the lenses of Group 3 rats compared to other groups. With respect to cadmium, Group 3 and 4 rats had significantly higher levels compared to Group 1 and 2 rats. Although vitamin E treatment prevented iron accumulation in Group 4 rats, it had no effect on cadmium concentrations. Distinct histopathological changes observed in Group 3 rats were not present in Group 4 rats. Our study demonstrates that in vivo cigarette smoke exposure causes accumulation of cadmium in rat lens and IM vitamin E treatment does not affect this accumulation. The protective effect of vitamin E treatment on smoke exposed rat lens seems to be mediated by blockage of iron accumulation in the lens.
Research Interests: Tobacco, Multidisciplinary, Animals, Male, Vitamin E, and 6 moreIron, Smoke, Cadmium, Rats, Wistar Rats, and Cigarette Smoke
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The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of levosimendan to prevent cerebral vasospasm in a rabbit model of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were allocated into three groups randomly. SAH was... more
The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of levosimendan to prevent cerebral vasospasm in a rabbit model of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were allocated into three groups randomly. SAH was induced by injecting autologous blood into the cisterna magna. (Group 1 = control:sham surgery group, Group 2 = SAH alone group, Group 3 = SAH plus levosimendan group). Histopathological examination was performed on day 3 as described. Intravenous levosimendan dose (initially 12 microg kg(-1) infusion, continuously for at least 10 minutes and then continued with a dose of 0.2 microg kg(-1) min(-1)) treatment was started after the induction of SAH. Three days later, the animals were sacrificed. In pathological investigation; there was statistically significant difference in luminal area and muscular wall thickness of the basilar artery between all groups (p < 0.005). Malondialdehyde level was also found significantly low in the levosimendan group compared with the SAH group. Intravenous levosimendan treatment was found effective by increasing the pathological luminal area and reducing muscular wall thickness measurements. This is the first study to show that intravenous administration of levosimendan is effective in preventing cerebral vasospasm induced by SAH in rabbits.
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To investigate the haemostatic efficacy and histopathological effects of a new haemostatic agent, Ankaferd BloodStopper (ABS; Ankaferd Drug Cosmetic Co., Istanbul, Turkey) in a rat bladder haemorrhage model. ABS is a unique combination of... more
To investigate the haemostatic efficacy and histopathological effects of a new haemostatic agent, Ankaferd BloodStopper (ABS; Ankaferd Drug Cosmetic Co., Istanbul, Turkey) in a rat bladder haemorrhage model. ABS is a unique combination of five plant extracts that has been used in Turkish traditional medicine as a haemostatic agent for external traumatic bleeds. In all, 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two equal groups. In both groups, the mucosa was damaged on the posterior wall (PW) of the bladder. The liquid form of ABS was applied to the bleeding area of one group (group 1) and 0.9% NaCl to the bleeding area of the other group (group 2, controls). The solutions were applied drop by drop with a 2 mL injector until the bleeding stopped and the bleeding times recorded. For histopathological examination, two tissue samples were taken from all rats in each group; one from the damaged mucosa in the PW and one from undamaged mucosa in the lateral wall (LW). Two sections were prepared from all samples. One section was stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and the rest was used for immunohistochemical staining for fibronectin. The mean bleeding times were 65 s and 147 s for groups 1 and 2, respectively (P < 0.001). In the pathological specimens stained with H&E, fibrosis and other studied pathological features were similar in the LW samples in groups 1 and 2. Similarly, there were no differences between the PW samples of groups 1 and 2. In the pathological specimens stained for fibronectin, the number of attenuated cells was similar in the LWs of group 1 and 2 (P = 0.21) as well as in the PWs of each group (P = 0.066). ABS decreased bleeding time and did not increase fibrotic reactions in rat bladder tissue.
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... Devamı... Oftalmoloji Dergisi Year: 1996 / Volume: 5 / No: 3. Diatermik Kapsülotomide Kapsül Kenarının Ultrastrüktürel İncelenmesi Avni Murat AVUNDUK * , Mustafa Cihad AVUNDUK ** , Kubilay ÇETİNKAYA * , O EVİRGEN *** , * KTÜ Tıp Fak.... more
... Devamı... Oftalmoloji Dergisi Year: 1996 / Volume: 5 / No: 3. Diatermik Kapsülotomide Kapsül Kenarının Ultrastrüktürel İncelenmesi Avni Murat AVUNDUK * , Mustafa Cihad AVUNDUK ** , Kubilay ÇETİNKAYA * , O EVİRGEN *** , * KTÜ Tıp Fak. ...