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Isotope dilution solid phase extraction UPLC-MS/MS has been used to develop a robust and rapid methodology for the determination of eight specific metabolites of organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in human urine. The use of... more
Isotope dilution solid phase extraction UPLC-MS/MS has been used to develop a robust and rapid methodology for the determination of eight specific metabolites of organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in human urine. The use of methanol:acetone (25:75v/v) affords an improvement in extraction efficiency in comparison to these individual solvents. The use of synthetic urine improves selectivity and limits of detection for the calibration straight lines. The method provides detection limits of 14-69pg/ml and 18-19pg/ml for the organophosphate and pyrethroid metabolites, respectively. Urine analyses of these metabolites in urban non-occupationally exposed individuals and farm workers shows that ingestion of these pesticides occurred in both populations. The concentrations of organophosphate pesticide metabolites in the latter were twofold than those from non-exposed populations.
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Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) comprise a large variety of toxic substances with ample distribution. While exposure to these toxins occurs mainly through diet, maternal POP levels may be influenced by certain sociodemographic,... more
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) comprise a large variety of toxic substances with ample distribution. While exposure to these toxins occurs mainly through diet, maternal POP levels may be influenced by certain sociodemographic, environmental, or lifestyle factors. This is important given that these substances may have adverse effects on fetal development. The aim of this study is to examine the sociodemographic, environmental, lifestyle, and dietary determinants of the levels of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), b-hexachlorocyclohexane (b-HCH), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (4,4'-DDT), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (4,4'-DDE), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB congeners 118, 138, 153, 180) measured in the blood of pregnant women participating in a mother-child cohort study conducted in Valencia (Spain). The study population consisted of 541 pregnant women who formed part of the INMA (Childhood and the Environment) cohort (2004-2006). POP levels were determined in blood taken during the 12th week of pregnancy with the aid of gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Sociodemographic, environmental, and dietary information was obtained from a questionnaire. Multivariate Tobit regression models were constructed in order to assess the association between POP levels and selected covariates. The results showed that all the women had detectable levels of at least one of these compounds while in 43% of the subjects, all eight compounds were detected. The compounds found in the greatest number of women were 4,4'-DDE (100%) and PCBs 153 and 180 (95%). The most important determinants of high POP levels were the mother's age, country of origin, increased body mass index, and number of weeks of breastfeeding after previous pregnancies. With regard to diet, 4,4'-DDT and 4,4'-DDE levels increased with the intake of meat, fruit, and cereal. PCB 153 levels increased with the intake of seafood. The levels of HCB, b-HCH, 4,4'-DDT, and 4,4'-DDE observed in this study were slightly higher than in other studies, whereas the PCB levels were similar.
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The distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and molecular tracer organic compounds for biomass combustion, traffic emissions, soil dust, and secondary aerosol processing have been studied in three fractions of ambient air... more
The distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and molecular tracer organic compounds for biomass combustion, traffic emissions, soil dust, and secondary aerosol processing have been studied in three fractions of ambient air particulate matter (PM10, 2.5, and 1) collected in the vicinity of a cement plant. PAH concentrations were used to estimate the carcinogenic risks in humans. Combustion related compounds, including PAHs, and those from secondary aerosol processing, predominated in the finest (PM<1) fraction, while saccharides related to organic soil dust predominated in the coarse fraction (2.5<PM<10). The molecular markers of biomass combustion were found in high concentrations, indicating the influence of biomass burning on PM. Most predominant PAHs were five and six rings species, related to a PAH profile characteristic of urban-industrial environments. The concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene varied between 0.2 and 1.0ng/m(3), which is close but lower than the annual limit value of 1ng/m(3) established by law. Exposure and inhalation carcinogenic risks from total PAHs were below the EPA threshold of acceptable risk (1·10(-6)).
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This study focuses on the extraction of climate signals and processes using a combined approach which includes the analysis of a high number of lipid molecules in marine sediments, and the chemometric analysis of the acquired data.... more
This study focuses on the extraction of climate signals and processes using a combined approach which includes the analysis of a high number of lipid molecules in marine sediments, and the chemometric analysis of the acquired data. Neutral and acidic fractions of marine sediments from site IODP-U1318 (south-west of the UK, Porcupine Seabight) were quantified by GC-MS. The alkenone unsaturation index, U(k')37, was estimated from the composition of C37 alkenones and it was then used for the estimation of sea surface temperatures (SST) for reference. Principal component analysis (PCA), explained 77.45% of the total data variance, and differentiated neutral fraction GC-MS total ion current (TIC) profiles according to SST values of the different sediment sections. GC-MS TIC chromatograms were correlated to sea surface temperatures (SST) by partial least squares regression (PLSR). The compounds more robustly in line with SST values at each sediment section explained 93% of the SST var...
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Base-hydrolyzed sterols and long-chain alcohols of a marine eustigmatophyte, Nannochloropsis gaditana have been studied. Sterol composition of N. gaditana is similar to that of other member of this genus, with predominance of... more
Base-hydrolyzed sterols and long-chain alcohols of a marine eustigmatophyte, Nannochloropsis gaditana have been studied. Sterol composition of N. gaditana is similar to that of other member of this genus, with predominance of cholest-5-en-3β-ol and 24-ethylcholest-5-en-3β-ol. The C29:2 and C30:1 unsaturated aliphatic alcohols were predominant. Saturated and monounsaturated C28 to C36n-alkyl diols occurred as a mixture of positional isomers with ω16
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Millennial to submillennial marine oscillations that are linked with the North Atlantic's Heinrich events and Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles have been reported recently from the Alboran Sea, revealing a close ocean-atmosphere coupling in... more
Millennial to submillennial marine oscillations that are linked with the North Atlantic's Heinrich events and Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles have been reported recently from the Alboran Sea, revealing a close ocean-atmosphere coupling in the Mediterranean region. We present a high-resolution record of lithogenic fraction variability along IMAGES Core MD 95-2043 from the Alboran Sea that we use to infer fluctuations of fluvial and eolian inputs to the core site during periods of rapid climate change, between 28,000 and 48,000 cal yr B.P. Comparison with geochemical and pollen records from the same core enables end-member compositions to be determined and to document fluctuations of fluvial and eolian inputs on millennial and faster timescales. Our data document increases in northward Saharan dust transports during periods of strengthened atmospheric circulation in high northern latitudes. From this we derive two atmospheric scenarios which are linked with the intensity of meridional a...
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Research Interests: Pediatrics, Insecticides, Pregnancy, Humans, Female, and 15 moreMale, Infant Development, Regression Analysis, Infant, Developmental disabilities, Mental Disorders, Newborn Infant, Breast feeding, Human Milk, Birth Cohort, Psychomotor Disorders, Cohort Studies, Maternal Exposure, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Pseudomorphic InxGa1 − xAsIn0.52Al0.48As modulation-doped heterostructures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on InP(100) substrates over a range of indium compositions from x = 0.53 to 0.75. Low temperature photoluminescence (PL)... more
Pseudomorphic InxGa1 − xAsIn0.52Al0.48As modulation-doped heterostructures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on InP(100) substrates over a range of indium compositions from x = 0.53 to 0.75. Low temperature photoluminescence (PL) measurements show a prominent reduction in the InGaAs linewidth due to the quantum-size effect as the indium composition is increased from its lattice-match value of 0.53. The lowest
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Research Interests: Engineering, Analytical Chemistry, Environmental Health, Environmental Monitoring, Atmospheric deposition, and 15 moreEnvironmental Sciences, Humans, Female, Infant, Gas Chromatography, Chemical Analysis, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Development Methodology, Adult, Flame Retardant, Isotope Dilution, Glass Fiber, Extraction Method, Mass Spectroscopy, and Flame Retardants
... Roser Martı-Cid,1 David Huertas,2 Martı Nadal,1 Victoria Linares,1 Marta Schuhmacher,1,3 Joan O. Grimalt,2 and José L. Domingo1 1Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i... more
... Roser Martı-Cid,1 David Huertas,2 Martı Nadal,1 Victoria Linares,1 Marta Schuhmacher,1,3 Joan O. Grimalt,2 and José L. Domingo1 1Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain ... a nd Osibanjo ...
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Research Interests: Epidemiology, Adolescent, Fetal development, Biological Sciences, Insecticides, and 15 moreEnvironmental Sciences, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Humans, Female, Cohort Study, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Aged, Adult, Biological markers, Dde, Gestation, Epidemiologic Studies, Environmental, Cohort Studies, and Intraoperative Period
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Research Interests: Air Transport, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Pollution, Multidisciplinary, Biodegradation, and 14 moreBiofilm, Bacteria, Vapor Pressure, Surface Water, Water Temperature, Temperature Dependence, Flame Retardant, Fresh water, Ether, Altitude, Lac, Relative Abundance, High Altitude, and Gas Exchange
Research Interests: Persistent Organic Pollutants, Obesity, Childhood Obesity, DDT, Environmental Sciences, and 15 moreOverweight, Humans, Child, Female, Male, Gas Chromatography, Body Mass Index, Environmental Endocrine Disrupting Compounds, Endocrine Disruption, Adult, DOHaD, Hexachlorobenzene, Cohort Studies, Dietary fats, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Research Interests: Epidemiology, Environmental Monitoring, Public Health, Multidisciplinary, Spain, and 15 morePregnancy, Humans, Cord Blood, Female, Statistical Significance, Newborn Infant, Flame Retardant, Pregnant Women, Rural Area, Environmental Pollutants, Environment, Environmental Exposure, General Population, Flame Retardants, and Prenatal Exposure
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ABSTRACT