The complete plastid genome of Castanea pumila L. Mill. var. pumila, the Allegheny chinkapin, was generated using next-generation sequencing of the leaf transcriptome of the species and fill-ins of missing regions via Sanger sequencing.... more
The complete plastid genome of Castanea pumila L. Mill. var. pumila, the Allegheny chinkapin, was generated using next-generation sequencing of the leaf transcriptome of the species and fill-ins of missing regions via Sanger sequencing. The chloroplast (cp) genome of C. pumila showed high homology (99.8 %) to the genome of Castanea mollissima (the Chinese chestnut, 600,799 bp) in overall gene organization and size (160, 603 bp). Castanea dentata 454 sequence data (www.fagaceae.org) were used to generate a partial chloroplast genome of the American chestnut (93 % coverage). Comparisons of the cp genomes of the American and Chinese Castanea species indicated that the species shared 68.0 % of the mutations at coding and intronic regions, while 18.0 % of the mutations were specific to C. pumila and 13.9 % to C. dentata. The loss and nuclear localization of the rpl22 gene was similarly a feature of the genome of the American Castanea species. Since a higher number of mutational events separated C. pumila from C. mollissima, a more recent divergence of C. dentata from a common ancestor was hypothesized.
Research Interests:
Commercial citrus varieties are sensitive to low temperature. Poncirus trifoliata is a close relative of Cit- rus species and has been widely used as a cold-hardy rootstock for citrus production in low-temperature envi- ronments. mRNA... more
Commercial citrus varieties are sensitive to low temperature. Poncirus trifoliata is a close relative of Cit- rus species and has been widely used as a cold-hardy rootstock for citrus production in low-temperature envi- ronments. mRNA differential display-reverse transcrip- tion (DDRT)-PCR and quantitative relative-RT-PCR were used to study gene expression of P. trifoliata under a gradual cold-acclimation temperature regime. Eight up- regulated cDNA fragments were isolated and sequenced. These fragments showed high similarities at the amino acid level to the following genes with known functions: betaine/proline transporter, water channel protein, aldo- keto reductase, early light-induced protein, nitrate trans- porter, tetratricopeptide-repeat protein, F-box protein, and ribosomal protein L15. These cold-acclimation up-regu- lated genes in P. trifoliata are also regulated by osmotic and photo-oxidative signals in other plants.
Research Interests:
Citrus sp. are important commercial fruit crops throughout the world that are occasionally devastated by subfreezing temperatures. Poncirus trifoliata (maximum freeze tolerance of -26°C) is a close relative of commercial Citrus sp.... more
Citrus sp. are important commercial fruit crops throughout the world that are occasionally devastated by subfreezing temperatures. Poncirus trifoliata (maximum freeze tolerance of -26°C) is a close relative of commercial Citrus sp. (maximum freeze tolerance of -10°C) that has been used in breeding programs to develop more cold-hardy genotypes and as a rootstock to enhance freeze tolerance of the scion. Species with greater freeze tolerance vary in gene expression during cold acclimating temperatures. mRNA differential display (DDRT-PCR) and quantitative relative RT-PCR were used to study down regulation of gene expression in intact P. trifoliata exposed to a gradual cold acclimation regime to enhance our understanding of the mechanism that makes this specie so freeze tolerant. Six down-regulated genes were isolated and sequenced. These down-regulated genes showed high homology to the following known genes: chlorophyll a/b binding protein, photosystem II OEC 23, carbonic anhydrase, tumor related protein, pyrrolidone-carboxylate peptid ase and β-galactosidase. Photoprotection and the global control of gene expression related to photosynthesis appear to be important mechanisms for cold acclimation of P. trifoliata. Key words: Differential display, down-regulated genes, Poncirus trifoliata, cold acclimation and quantitative relative RT-PCR
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Botany, Plant Biology, Biology, Medicine, Reactive Oxygen Species, and 15 moreResearch papers, Experimental Botany, Droughts, Abscisic Acid, NADPH oxidase, Experimental, Protoplasts, Citrullus Colocynthis, Rootstock, Expression analysis, Citrullus lanatus, PLANT PROTEINS, Polyethylene Glycols, Respiratory Burst, and Oxylipins
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
ABSTRACT Resistance to anthracnose or black spot (Elsinoe ampelina), a serious fungal pathogen in viticulture and table grape production, was investigated on 25 grape cultivars. Bioassays performed with culture filtrates produced by the... more
ABSTRACT Resistance to anthracnose or black spot (Elsinoe ampelina), a serious fungal pathogen in viticulture and table grape production, was investigated on 25 grape cultivars. Bioassays performed with culture filtrates produced by the pathogen revealed 14 resistant genotypes. In most plants resistance originated from Vitis labrucsa but also genotypes with V. rupestris and V. riparia × V. rupestris background showed resistance. Genetic analysis was conducted in F1, S1 and BC1 plants developed from various cultivars. In total, 326 F1 plants were evaluated, 172 genotypes proofed to be resistant, whereas 154 were susceptible to anthracnose. A Mendelian segregation ratio of 1 : 1 (χ2 = 0.30–0.65) indicating that anthracnose resistance is controlled by a single dominant gene. To facilitate the use of marker-assisted selection in grape-breeding PCR-based markers were developed by random amplified polymorphic DNA and amplified fragment length polymorphism in bulk segregant analysis. Finally, OPB 151247 was developed as a sequence characterized amplified region marker being diagnostic for the locus of resistance to anthracnose in all resistant genotypes tested. Within the 25 grape cultivars OPB 151247 is diagnostic in the genetic background of both V. labrucsa and V. rupestris and V. riparia × V. rupestris.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Genetics, Biology, Medicine, Gene expression, Proteins, and 15 moreGene, Freezing Tolerance, Citrus, Cold Tolerance, Acclimatization, Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase, Amino Acid Sequence, Differential Display, Cold Acclimation, PLANT PROTEINS, Citrus unshiu, Cold Hardiness, Plant Leaves, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and Cold Temperature
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Fenny Dane*, Jiarong Liu and Cankui Zhang Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA; *Author for correspondence (e-mail: danefen@auburn.edu; phone: +334-844-3046; fax: +334-844-3131) ... Received 13 July... more
Fenny Dane*, Jiarong Liu and Cankui Zhang Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA; *Author for correspondence (e-mail: danefen@auburn.edu; phone: +334-844-3046; fax: +334-844-3131) ... Received 13 July 2005; accepted in ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Genetics, Zoology, Biology, Medicine, Mutation, and 13 moreHerbicide Resistance, Gene, Herbicides, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, Poa, Genetic Polymorphism, Base Sequence, PLANT PROTEINS, Pest Management Science, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT, Molecular Sequence Data, real time polymerase chain reaction, and Gene frequency
Research Interests: Technology, Adaptation, Biology, Stress, Gene expression, and 13 moreSignal Transduction, Biological Sciences, Regulation of Gene Expression, Gene, Auxin, Cold, Low Temperature, Osmotic Stress, Gene Expression Analysis, Vesicle trafficking, Cold Acclimation, Cold Hardiness, and Differential expression
Research Interests: Botany, Plant Biology, Biology, Drought Stress, Medicine, and 15 moreGene expression, Plant Growth Regulators, Gene, Droughts, Plant Roots, Abscisic Acid, Drought tolerance, Polyethylene Glycol, Mediterranean region, Root System, Citrullus Colocynthis, Citrullus lanatus, Differential Gene Expression, Gene expression profiling, and Jasmonic Acid
PCR amplification and restriction site analysis of chloroplast (cp) DNA regions was used to detect inter- and intraspecific differences in the genus Citrullus. More than 55 C. lanatus and 15 C. colocynthis accessions collected from... more
PCR amplification and restriction site analysis of chloroplast (cp) DNA regions was used to detect inter- and intraspecific differences in the genus Citrullus. More than 55 C. lanatus and 15 C. colocynthis accessions collected from diverse geographical areas, C. ecirrhosus and C. rehmii were used. Most of the cpDNA variation within Citrullus was the result of large indels and transitions and transversions. Indels at the ndhA, trnS- trnfM and trnC- trnD regions and several substitutions at restriction enzyme sites can be used to separate C. colocynthis from the other Citrullus species. A nucleotide substitution at a restriction enzyme site at the 3' flanking region of ndhF provided a diagnostic haplotype for C. lanatus var. lanatus, the cultivated watermelon. Similarly, a nucleotide substitution at an intergenic spacer region of the trnC- trnD region resulted in a diagnostic haplotype for citron, C. lanatus var. citroides. Several C. lanatus var. citroides accessions showed the var. lanatus haplotype. C. rehmii showed almost the same haplotype as C. lanatus var. citroides with the exception of a unique insertion at a cpSSR site. Since C. ecirrhosus lacks the derived diagnostic nucleotide substitutions of C. lanatus, it is probably the progenitor of the cultivated watermelon. Intraspecific haplotypes detected within C. colocynthis were associated with geographic origin.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Evolutionary Biology, Genetics, Demography, Morphological evolution, Biology, and 15 moreMedicine, Late Miocene, Genus, Molecular phylogenetics, North America, Fagaceae, Monophyly, North American, Base Sequence, Bayes Theorem, Deciduous Forest, Likelihood Functions, DNA sequence, Molecular Sequence Data, and Eastern North America
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Boundaries between American Castanea species (Castanea dentata, the American chestnut and C. pumila var. pumila, the Allegheny chinkapin, and var. ozarkensis, the Ozark chinkapin) have been difficult to establish because of intraspecific... more
Boundaries between American Castanea species (Castanea dentata, the American chestnut and C. pumila var. pumila, the Allegheny chinkapin, and var. ozarkensis, the Ozark chinkapin) have been difficult to establish because of intraspecific variation, interspecific similarities and the incidence of chestnut blight, which has prevented trees from maturing. In this study, informative chloroplast (cp) DNA and nuclear sequences from Castanea taxa were analyzed to gain a better understanding of their phylogeography in North America. Our emphasis has been on the most southern Castanea population in the Appalachian region, known for its morphological diversity. This Ruffner Mountain (Alabama) population shows a high number of unique haplotypes, which can be divided into two main groups. One group shares homology with the widespread and evolutionarily recent C. dentata haplotype. The other group shares homology with American chestnuts and Allegheny chinkapin taxa from southern states. This group has been the result of recent and more ancient cp capture and hybridization, indicative of hybrid zone clustering and glacial refugial origin. The range of C. pumila must have been more extensive along the Coastal Plains region, since only a few mutations separate the Ozark chinkapin from the main Allegheny chinkapin haplotype. The geographic origin of the American Castanea species complex appears to be in the Gulf Coast region.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Botany, Evolutionary Biology, Genetics, Biology, Medicine, and 15 moreHeredity, Far East, Biological evolution, Genus, North America, Angiosperms, Isoenzymes, Genetic Divergence, Genetic variation, North American, Divergence Time, Genetic Variability, Gene frequency, Eastern North America, and Distribution Pattern
Annual bluegrass is commonly controlled by acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides in managed turfgrass. An annual bluegrass population with suspected resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides was collected from Grand National... more
Annual bluegrass is commonly controlled by acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides in managed turfgrass. An annual bluegrass population with suspected resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides was collected from Grand National Golf Course in Opelika, AL (GN population). Subsequent testing confirmed resistance of the GN population to foramsulfuron, trifloxysulfuron, bispyribac-sodium (bispyribac), and imazaquin when compared to a susceptible population collected locally at Auburn University (AU population). Sequencing of the ALS gene revealed a point mutation resulting in an amino acid substitution at Trp574. Cloning of the ALS gene surrounding the Trp574 region yielded two distinct ALS gene sequences: one producing Trp574 and one producing Leu574. Trp574 to Leu has been previously correlated with resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Both AU and GN gene sequences contained other similar silent and missense mutations. This research confirms resistance of annual bluegrass to ALS-inhibiting herbicides with Trp574 to Leu amino acid substitution being the most likely mode of resistance based on past literature.
Research Interests:
... Correspondence: Fenny Dane, Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. ... Disomic inheritance detected at 10 loci in progenies of a cross between the hexaploid A. deliciosa and the diploid A chinensis... more
... Correspondence: Fenny Dane, Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. ... Disomic inheritance detected at 10 loci in progenies of a cross between the hexaploid A. deliciosa and the diploid A chinensis (Jingkui Moshan no. ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
... AGROVOC English terms, ... Language, English. Notes, references. Journal Title, Northern Nut Growers Association. ISSN, 0099-7838. Vol. No. v. 86 p. 121-123. Submitted by: Information Systems Division, National Agricultural Library,... more
... AGROVOC English terms, ... Language, English. Notes, references. Journal Title, Northern Nut Growers Association. ISSN, 0099-7838. Vol. No. v. 86 p. 121-123. Submitted by: Information Systems Division, National Agricultural Library, USDA (United States of America). ...
Research Interests:
The genus Castanea includes several species, some of which, like the American chestnut (C. dentata) and chinkapin (C. pumila), are susceptible to chestnut blight, caused by the Asian fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. Blight spread... more
The genus Castanea includes several species, some of which, like the American chestnut (C. dentata) and chinkapin (C. pumila), are susceptible to chestnut blight, caused by the Asian fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. Blight spread throughout the natural range of the American chestnut, destroying several billion trees within the past 50 years. Although the plight of the American chestnut is well-known, the chinkapin has been neglected. Taxonomic studies indicated two varieties, the Ozark chinkapin, var. ozarkensis, limited to the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma, and the Allegheny chinkapin, var. pumila, found from New Jersey to Florida and Texas. The genetic diversity within and between 11 geographic populations of the Ozark chinkapin was evaluated to provide baseline genetic information pertinent to the conservation and restoration of this species. Nuts or dormant buds of chinkapin trees were evaluated for isozyme and RAPD polymorphism. The genetic variability of the Ozark chinkapin populations was relatively high when compared to the American chestnut, and most of the diversity resides within the populations. Conservation considerations for restoration of the Ozark chinkapin will be discussed.
Research Interests:
Fusarium wilt, caused by the soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum(FON), is one of the most economically important diseases of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) worldwide. FON has been divided into three races (races 0, 1, and 2)... more
Fusarium wilt, caused by the soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum(FON), is one of the most economically important diseases of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) worldwide. FON has been divided into three races (races 0, 1, and 2) determined by differential pathogenicity assays. Most commercial cultivars are resistant to races 0 and 1; whereas none are resistant to race 2. Few morphological and isozyme variations are seen in the cultivated watermelon, but molecular markers, such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) and simple sequence repeats (SSRs), have been shown to generate several polymorphisms. Segregating populations, derived from a cross between watermelon cultivar New Hampshire Midget, susceptible to all three races of FON and the resistant C. lanatus plant introduction PI 296341, were used to detect molecular markers linked to Fusarium wilt resistance. In a preliminary experiment, more than 180 10-mer primers were screened against the parents and the F1. Informative RAPD primers were identified and used in conjunction with AFLP and SSR markers to generate a genome map.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The fungus Didymella bryoniae causes gummy stem blight (foliar phase) and black rot (fruit phase) in cucurbits. As resistance to other diseases have been incorporated into cucurbits, losses due to gummy stem blight have increased.... more
The fungus Didymella bryoniae causes gummy stem blight (foliar phase) and black rot (fruit phase) in cucurbits. As resistance to other diseases have been incorporated into cucurbits, losses due to gummy stem blight have increased. Populations derived from crosses between a cultivated watermelon (SS-4), susceptible to the fungus Didymella bryoniae and resistant plant introduction accessions (PI 189225 and PI 272778) are used to detect molecular markers linked to gummy stem blight disease resistance. Genomic DNA was purified from primary leaves of watermelon seedlings before seedlings were inoculated with a spore suspension of the fungus. Disease severity was rated 4 days after inoculation. DNA bulked from resistant or susceptible BC seedlings was amplified to detect AFLP markers. Linkages between gummy stem blight resistance and AFLP markers were identified and should facilitate evaluation and selection of watermelon populations segregating for gummy stem blight resistance.
Research Interests:
... Deog Hee Cho if, Yu Jin Jung ~, Chang-Sun Choi ~, Ho-lae Lee , jli ... Daviso~ et al. (2002) have shown that increasing the expres-sion of 1he if-carotene hyciroxylase enzyme in ,Arabiclopsis gives rise to its higher content in the... more
... Deog Hee Cho if, Yu Jin Jung ~, Chang-Sun Choi ~, Ho-lae Lee , jli ... Daviso~ et al. (2002) have shown that increasing the expres-sion of 1he if-carotene hyciroxylase enzyme in ,Arabiclopsis gives rise to its higher content in the xanthophyll cycle and of zeaxanl:hin in the ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Genetic variation among 12 populations of the American chestnut (Castanea dentata) was investigated. Population genetic parameters estimated from allozyme variation suggest that C. dentata at both the population and species level has... more
Genetic variation among 12 populations of the American chestnut (Castanea dentata) was investigated. Population genetic parameters estimated from allozyme variation suggest that C. dentata at both the population and species level has narrow genetic diversity as compared to other species in the genus. Average expected heterozygosity was relatively low for the population collected in the Black Rock Mountain State Park, Georgia (He = 0.096 ? 0.035), and high for the population in east central Alabama (He = 0.196 ? 0.048). Partitioning of the genetic diversity based on 18 isozyme loci showed that -10% of the allozyme diversity resided among populations. Cluster analysis using unweighted pair-group method using arithmetric averages of Rogers' genetic distance and principal components analysis based on allele frequencies of both isozyme and RAPD loci revealed four groups: the southernmost population, south-central Appalachian populations, northcentral Appalachian populations, and nort...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Commercial citrus varieties are sensitive to low temperature. Poncirus trifoliata is a close relative of Cit- rus species and has been widely used as a cold-hardy rootstock for citrus production in low-temperature envi- ronments. mRNA... more
Commercial citrus varieties are sensitive to low temperature. Poncirus trifoliata is a close relative of Cit- rus species and has been widely used as a cold-hardy rootstock for citrus production in low-temperature envi- ronments. mRNA differential display-reverse transcrip- tion (DDRT)-PCR and quantitative relative-RT-PCR were used to study gene expression of P. trifoliata under a gradual cold-acclimation temperature regime. Eight up- regulated cDNA fragments were isolated and sequenced. These fragments showed high similarities at the amino acid level to the following genes with known functions: betaine/proline transporter, water channel protein, aldo- keto reductase, early light-induced protein, nitrate trans- porter, tetratricopeptide-repeat protein, F-box protein, and ribosomal protein L15. These cold-acclimation up-regu- lated genes in P. trifoliata are also regulated by osmotic and photo-oxidative signals in other plants.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Morphological traits were examined in an F3 generation derived from a cross between C. lanatus var. lanatus [(Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] and C. lanatus var. citroides. At least three genes, C (yellow) vs. c (red), i (inhibitory to C) vs. I... more
Morphological traits were examined in an F3 generation derived from a cross between C. lanatus var. lanatus [(Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] and C. lanatus var. citroides. At least three genes, C (yellow) vs. c (red), i (inhibitory to C) vs. I (non-inhibitory to C), and y (yellow) vs. yw (white), with epistatic and inhibitory actions were found to govern the inheritance of fruit flesh color. The high frequency of yellow-fleshed fruit and low frequencies of white and red fruits can be explained by the presence of a new allele (yw recessive to y) in the multiple allele series at the Y locus. The low frequency of tan colored seeds in segregating populations could be explained by at least three genes governing inheritance of seed-coat color. Single factor analysis of variance was conducted for each pairwise combination of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) locus and fruit or seed characteristics. Several RAPD loci were identified to be loosely linked to morphological characteristics.
Research Interests:
Allozyme genetic variability in three chestnut (Castanea) species was investigated using 19 loci from ten enzyme systems. G-tests of heterogeneity of isozymic allele distribution showed significant differences in both intraspecific and... more
Allozyme genetic variability in three chestnut (Castanea) species was investigated using 19 loci from ten enzyme systems. G-tests of heterogeneity of isozymic allele distribution showed significant differences in both intraspecific and interspecific populations. C. mollissima was found to possess a significantly higher value of mean gene heterozygosity (H=0.3050±0.0419), percentage of polymorphic loci (P=84.21%) and average number of alleles per locus (A=2.05) than any other species in the Castanea section Eucustanon. When the genetic variability of populations of C. mollissimo from four regions in China was investigated, population from the Changjiang river region showed a markedly higher mean gene heterozygosity (H=0.3480±0.0436) than populations from the other regions. An approximately identical genetic distance between the population from the Changjiang river region and populations from three other regions was observed, while populations from the latter regions showed almost the...