Pakistani medics faced many hesitancy issues among general public from vaccination during the ups... more Pakistani medics faced many hesitancy issues among general public from vaccination during the upsurge of Covid-19 which remained prevalent not only in Pakistan but across the world. This paper attempts to describe the challenges encountered by the Pakistani physicians regarding anti-vaccination approach of general public based on certain superstitions. To achieve the objective, this paper plans to obtain data from various medical journals and editorials. This research is qualitative and descriptive in nature. The study is guided by the Socio-cognitive Model by Van Dijk (2008) as it confiscated the ideological connection between discourse, society and apprehension into consideration. Language is viewed as social practice from the perspective of CDA which signifies the particular interest in the course of actions through which language expresses power relations and ideologies (Fairclough, 2015). This study intends highlighting the ideological perspective of medical discourses influenc...
This research aimed at investigating the frequency of occurrence of nominalization in the argumen... more This research aimed at investigating the frequency of occurrence of nominalization in the argumentative essays written by Pakistani undergraduates and English native speakers. The corpus based analysis using log likelihood (LL) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) showed that the frequency differences of nominalization in argumentative essays written by Pakistani students (PAK) and the argumentative essays written by English native speakers (ENS) are statistically significant. The study has revealed that although there is a statistically significant difference between the frequencies of nominalizations in PAK and ENS, this difference is not evenly distributed across the two corpora. In other words, out of the four different types of nominalizations ending in-tion,-ment,-ity and-ness, nominalizations ending in suffix-tion were 'overused' in PAK whereas nominalizations ending in suffix-ment were 'overused' in ENS. This clearly depicts the lexical preferences shown by Pakistani undergraduates and English native speakers. Significant contributions of this study are the benchmarking it provides for more diverse and in depth studies on nominalizations in the context of Pakistani Academic English, and offering informed insights for pedagogical implications.
ASIAN TEFL: Journal of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics
This paper addresses EFL/ESL teachers’ beliefs and practices regarding the use of the first langu... more This paper addresses EFL/ESL teachers’ beliefs and practices regarding the use of the first language in a language classroom pertaining to the Form-Focused Instruction - a grammar instruction approach. In essence, this study looks into whether the judicious use of L1 in learning the foreign or second language is effective or not. A case study strategy was deemed appropriate for this study to explore and investigate the beliefs and practices of the non-native teachers on the use of L1 in learning English as a foreign language. To this end, six English language teachers were selected from a Chinese secondary school. The data were collected through classroom observations and stimulated recall interview questions. The audio-recorded data were fully transcribed in English, and subjected to a process of interpretative analysis. The findings revealed that teachers used L1 mainly to present the target grammar topics, to explain the grammatical rules and also to encourage students for the ex...
This research aimed at investigating the frequency of occurrence of nominalization in the argumen... more This research aimed at investigating the frequency of occurrence of nominalization in the argumentative essays written by Pakistani undergraduates and English native speakers. The corpus based analysis using log likelihood (LL) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) showed that the frequency differences of nominalization in argumentative essays written by Pakistani students (PAK) and the argumentative essays written by English native speakers (ENS) are statistically significant. The study has revealed that although there is a statistically significant difference between the frequencies of nominalizations in PAK and ENS, this difference is not evenly distributed across the two corpora. In other words, out of the four different types of nominalizations ending in-tion,-ment,-ity and-ness, nominalizations ending in suffix-tion were 'overused' in PAK whereas nominalizations ending in suffix-ment were 'overused' in ENS. This clearly depicts the lexical preferences shown by Pakistani undergraduates and English native speakers. Significant contributions of this study are the benchmarking it provides for more diverse and in depth studies on nominalizations in the context of Pakistani Academic English, and offering informed insights for pedagogical implications.
Pakistani medics faced many hesitancy issues among general public from vaccination during the ups... more Pakistani medics faced many hesitancy issues among general public from vaccination during the upsurge of Covid-19 which remained prevalent not only in Pakistan but across the world. This paper attempts to describe the challenges encountered by the Pakistani physicians regarding anti-vaccination approach of general public based on certain superstitions. To achieve the objective, this paper plans to obtain data from various medical journals and editorials. This research is qualitative and descriptive in nature. The study is guided by the Socio-cognitive Model by Van Dijk (2008) as it confiscated the ideological connection between discourse, society and apprehension into consideration. Language is viewed as social practice from the perspective of CDA which signifies the particular interest in the course of actions through which language expresses power relations and ideologies (Fairclough, 2015). This study intends highlighting the ideological perspective of medical discourses influenc...
This research aimed at investigating the frequency of occurrence of nominalization in the argumen... more This research aimed at investigating the frequency of occurrence of nominalization in the argumentative essays written by Pakistani undergraduates and English native speakers. The corpus based analysis using log likelihood (LL) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) showed that the frequency differences of nominalization in argumentative essays written by Pakistani students (PAK) and the argumentative essays written by English native speakers (ENS) are statistically significant. The study has revealed that although there is a statistically significant difference between the frequencies of nominalizations in PAK and ENS, this difference is not evenly distributed across the two corpora. In other words, out of the four different types of nominalizations ending in-tion,-ment,-ity and-ness, nominalizations ending in suffix-tion were 'overused' in PAK whereas nominalizations ending in suffix-ment were 'overused' in ENS. This clearly depicts the lexical preferences shown by Pakistani undergraduates and English native speakers. Significant contributions of this study are the benchmarking it provides for more diverse and in depth studies on nominalizations in the context of Pakistani Academic English, and offering informed insights for pedagogical implications.
ASIAN TEFL: Journal of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics
This paper addresses EFL/ESL teachers’ beliefs and practices regarding the use of the first langu... more This paper addresses EFL/ESL teachers’ beliefs and practices regarding the use of the first language in a language classroom pertaining to the Form-Focused Instruction - a grammar instruction approach. In essence, this study looks into whether the judicious use of L1 in learning the foreign or second language is effective or not. A case study strategy was deemed appropriate for this study to explore and investigate the beliefs and practices of the non-native teachers on the use of L1 in learning English as a foreign language. To this end, six English language teachers were selected from a Chinese secondary school. The data were collected through classroom observations and stimulated recall interview questions. The audio-recorded data were fully transcribed in English, and subjected to a process of interpretative analysis. The findings revealed that teachers used L1 mainly to present the target grammar topics, to explain the grammatical rules and also to encourage students for the ex...
This research aimed at investigating the frequency of occurrence of nominalization in the argumen... more This research aimed at investigating the frequency of occurrence of nominalization in the argumentative essays written by Pakistani undergraduates and English native speakers. The corpus based analysis using log likelihood (LL) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) showed that the frequency differences of nominalization in argumentative essays written by Pakistani students (PAK) and the argumentative essays written by English native speakers (ENS) are statistically significant. The study has revealed that although there is a statistically significant difference between the frequencies of nominalizations in PAK and ENS, this difference is not evenly distributed across the two corpora. In other words, out of the four different types of nominalizations ending in-tion,-ment,-ity and-ness, nominalizations ending in suffix-tion were 'overused' in PAK whereas nominalizations ending in suffix-ment were 'overused' in ENS. This clearly depicts the lexical preferences shown by Pakistani undergraduates and English native speakers. Significant contributions of this study are the benchmarking it provides for more diverse and in depth studies on nominalizations in the context of Pakistani Academic English, and offering informed insights for pedagogical implications.
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Papers by Shafaq Fayyaz