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Microplastics represent an emerging global threat to freshwater ecosystems and studies in floodplains are still incipient. Microplastics in the Pantanal’s affluent and floodplains were sampled close to their potential urban sources and in... more
Microplastics represent an emerging global threat to freshwater ecosystems and studies in floodplains are still incipient. Microplastics in the Pantanal’s affluent and floodplains were sampled close to their potential urban sources and in the Pantanal lowlands. A 68 μm mesh size plankton net, with a 150 ml collection flask was used for sampling. The flask content was filtered over a 0.45μm Whatman paper, 47 mm in diameter, and examined under a stereomicroscope at 45X to identify and count microplastics (expressed as n100L-1). Microplastic sizes were determined by image microscopy. The average microplastic size was 192±142 μm and it was not significantly different in the urban tributaries (206±158 μm) than in the Pantanal (181±131 μm). The average±std microplastic concentration was 9.6±8.3, ranging from 1 to 31 n100L-1. Fibers, fragments, pellets, and XPS (closed-cell extruded polystyrene foam) particles represented respectively 50%, 19%, 22% and 9% of the total microplastics. Microp...
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Crasssotrea brasiliana (Lamark, 1819) is an epibiont filter feeder bivalve of fast growth and fast gonadal restructuring that feeds by filtration of microalgae, these characteristics are mainly related to the amount and quality of the... more
Crasssotrea brasiliana (Lamark, 1819) is an epibiont filter feeder bivalve of fast growth and fast gonadal restructuring that feeds by filtration of microalgae, these characteristics are mainly related to the amount and quality of the phytoplankton filtered by the animal. In Paraná coast several sites of cultivation of the species can be found in Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (PEC) and Guaratuba Bay. Therefore, this work had as objectives to evaluate the size and the phytoplankton species ingested by adults of the oyster C. brasiliana and to describe its reproductive characteristics (index of meat revenue and stages of gonadal maturation). Oysters were acquired monthly in the Municipal Market of Paranaguá from cultivation in the PEC. The oysters were measured and length values (L), height (H) and gross weight (GW) obtained. Gonadal maturation stages were evaluated through the macroscopic examination of the gonads and revenue (R) through the wet weight of meat. The digestive gland was ...
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ABSTRACT
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The aim of the present work was to analyze the reproductive cycle of Anomalocardia brasiliana and its relationships with the concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the euhaline portion of Paranaguá Estuarine Complex... more
The aim of the present work was to analyze the reproductive cycle of Anomalocardia brasiliana and its relationships with the concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the euhaline portion of Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (PEC). Sampling was performed in spring low tide, between September 2008 and August 2009, in the intertidal plain. Twenty seven individuals were manually collected monthly at three levels. In laboratory individuals were cleaned and measured. Sex identification, gonadal maturation stage (GMS), condition index (CI), meat yield (MY) and the daily food index (FCI) were determined. Water samples were collected from August 2008 to July 2009 to characterize the concentration of SPM. Fluorescence (Clorophyll-a) was recorded in the same period. The indices showed magnitudes of 3.49 ± 1.04 % for CI; 23.60 ± 5.64 % for MY and 0.009 ± 0.004 mg L-1 for FCI. The SPM ranged from 0.03 to 0.41 mg.L-1 in the adjacent water and fluorescence from 0.09 to 17.05 µg.L-1 . The ...
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Four species of shell-less marine gastropods, collectively called “sea slugs”, are newly recorded from outlets of estuarine systems, the Paranaguá estuarine complex and Guaratuba Bay, on the coast of Paraná state. These include a marine... more
Four species of shell-less marine gastropods, collectively called “sea slugs”, are newly recorded from outlets of estuarine systems, the Paranaguá estuarine complex and Guaratuba Bay, on the coast of Paraná state. These include a marine pulmonate slug, Onchidella indolens (Gould, 1852) (Eupulmonata: Systellommatophora: Onchidellidae); two species of sea hares, Bursatella leachii de Blainville, 1817 (Euthyneura: Sacoglossa: Aplysiidae) and Elysia serca Er. Marcus, 1955 (Euthyneura: Sacoglossa: Plakobranchidae); and one species of nudibranch, Spurilla braziliana MacFarland, 1909 (Nudipleura: Aeolidiidae). Egg mass shapes of E. serca and B. leachii are newly described.