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Los científicos del Instituto Australiano del Deporte han desarrollado una chaqueta para el pre enfriamiento de los atletas antes de eventos de resistencia en ambientes calurosos. Las chaquetas están hechas de un material que no permite... more
Los científicos del Instituto Australiano del Deporte han desarrollado una chaqueta para el pre enfriamiento de los atletas antes de eventos de resistencia en ambientes calurosos. Las chaquetas están hechas de un material que no permite el paso de la humedad y se rellenan con ...
Research Interests: Chemistry, Animal Science, Australia, Hypoxia, Running, and 15 moreMedicine, Humans, Anoxia, Heart rate, Hemoglobin, Public health systems and services research, Altitude, Red blood cell, Altitude Training, Lactic Acid, Oxygen Consumption, Hemoglobins, Pulmonary ventilation, Biomechanical Phenomena, and Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
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Boxing-related activities are commonly used for fitness enhancement, but for many people fear of injury precludes participation in competitive boxing. Over the past six years, technological developments have contributed to the emergence... more
Boxing-related activities are commonly used for fitness enhancement, but for many people fear of injury precludes participation in competitive boxing. Over the past six years, technological developments have contributed to the emergence in Australia of a modified, low-risk form of competitive boxing called Box'Tag®. The rules of Box'Tag® prohibit impacts to the head and any impacts above a moderate level of force. Contestants wear instrumented equipment that, in combination with a dedicated software package, allows automated impact detection and real-time display of scores. Participatory action research methods are being used to guide iterative technology refinements, with success evaluated based on feedback obtained through constant, direct interaction with the technology end-users. In concert with technological advances, the popularity of Box'Tag® is steadily increasing, with programmes now established in three Australian states and about to be initiated elsewhere. Box'Tag® is attracting demographically diverse participation and injury rates are low. Physiological and perceptual data recorded during contests show Box'Tag® to be a highly intensive activity and an excellent vehicle for building physical fitness. There is scope for further technological improvements, but the Box'Tag® initiative is already demonstrating potential to add a new dimension to boxing and has been adopted by Australian boxing authorities.
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This study utilized a hypobaric chamber to compare the effects of mild hypobaria (MH; 50 mmHg, approximately 580 m altitude) on blood O2 status and maximal O2 consumption (VO2max) in 9 untrained and 11 trained (T) cyclists with VO2max... more
This study utilized a hypobaric chamber to compare the effects of mild hypobaria (MH; 50 mmHg, approximately 580 m altitude) on blood O2 status and maximal O2 consumption (VO2max) in 9 untrained and 11 trained (T) cyclists with VO2max values of 51 +/- 3 and 77 +/- 1 ml.kg-1.min-1, respectively. In both groups, arterial O2 saturation (SaO2) decreased significantly during maximal exercise, and this effect was enhanced with MH. Both these responses were significantly greater in the T cyclists in whom the final SaO2 during MH was 86.5 +/- 0.9%. When the group data were combined, approximately 65% of the variance in SaO2 could be attributed to a widened alveolar-arterial Po2 difference. The arterial PO2 during maximal exercise at sea level in the T group was on the steeper portion of the hemoglobin-O2-loading curve (T, 68.3 +/- 1.3 Torr; untrained, 89.0 +/- 2.9 Torr) such that a similar decrease in arterial PO2 in the two groups in response to MH resulted in a significantly greater fall ...
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There is a wide body of literature reporting red cell hemolysis as occurring after various forms of exercise. Whereas the trauma associated with footstrike is thought to be the major cause of hemolysis after running, its significance... more
There is a wide body of literature reporting red cell hemolysis as occurring after various forms of exercise. Whereas the trauma associated with footstrike is thought to be the major cause of hemolysis after running, its significance compared with hemolysis that results from other circulatory stresses on the red blood cell has not been thoroughly addressed. To investigate the significance of footstrike, we measured the degree of hemolysis after 1 h of running. To control for the potential effects of oxidative and circulatory stresses on the red blood cell, the same subjects cycled for 1 h at equivalent oxygen uptake. Our subjects were 10 male triathletes, who each completed two separate 1-h sessions of running and cycling at 75% peak oxygen uptake, which were performed in random order 1 wk apart. Plasma free hemoglobin and serum haptoglobin concentrations were measured as indicators of hemolysis. We also measured methemoglobin as a percentage of total hemoglobin immediately postexer...
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This study compared the measurement of oxygen saturation of haemoglobin (SaO2) by two pulse oximeters (Ohmeda Biox 3700e and Criticare 504 USP) with the measurement of SaO2 in arterial blood samples by CO-oximetry. Unlike many previous... more
This study compared the measurement of oxygen saturation of haemoglobin (SaO2) by two pulse oximeters (Ohmeda Biox 3700e and Criticare 504 USP) with the measurement of SaO2 in arterial blood samples by CO-oximetry. Unlike many previous validation studies, arterial blood was sampled in ground glass rather than plastic syringes. Twenty men, 11 well-trained cyclists (mean +/- SE, age = 23.3 +/- 1.5 years, mass = 71.4 +/- 1.1 kg VO2max = 77 +/- 1 ml.kg1.min-1) and 9 relatively untrained subjects (age = 27.1 +/- 2.8 years, mass = 78.1 +/- 2.2 kg VO2max = 51 +/- 3 ml.kg 1.min-1) performed two maximal cycle ergometer tests each in an hypobaric chamber. The tests were at 745 mm Hg or 695 mm Hg with simultaneous measurement of SaO2 by the pulse oximeters and the CO-oximeter at rest, minute 7 of exercise and at VO2max. The best correlations, to the Co-oximeter measurement (SCO-OXO2) were found when all data from rest and exercise were combined (Criticare: r = 0.94; Ohmeda: r = 0.91). The bias measurements showed the Ohmeda underestimated SCO-OXO2 at all levels (mean = -2.5 +/- 1.9%) and the Criticare overestimated SCO-OXO2 at all levels, although to a lesser degree (mean = 0.9 +/- 1.5%). In conclusion, these results highlight the need for validation of individual pulse oximeters and that the effect of dyshaemoglobins must also be considered.
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This paper outlines current progress of the project "Development of a simple GPS rower monitoring and training system" conducted by RMIT University in partnership... more
This paper outlines current progress of the project "Development of a simple GPS rower monitoring and training system" conducted by RMIT University in partnership with the Australian Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) for microTechnology. The aim of the project is to investigate the ...
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The aims of this study were to compare the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of successful mountain bikers and professional road cyclists and to re-examine the power-to-weight characteristics of internationally competitive... more
The aims of this study were to compare the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of successful mountain bikers and professional road cyclists and to re-examine the power-to-weight characteristics of internationally competitive mountain bikers. Internationally competitive cyclists (seven mountain bikers and seven road cyclists) completed the following tests: anthropometric measurements, an incremental cycle ergometer test and a 30 min laboratory time-trial. The mountain bikers were lighter (65.3+/-6.5 vs 74.7+/-3.8 kg, P= 0.01; mean +/- s) and leaner than the road cyclists (sum of seven skinfolds: 33.9+/-5.7 vs 44.5+/-10.8 mm, P = 0.04). The mountain bikers produced higher power outputs relative to body mass at maximal exercise (6.3+/-0.5 vs 5.8+/-0.3 W x kg(-1), P= 0.03), at the lactate threshold (5.2+/-0.6 vs 4.7+/-0.3 W x kg(-1), P= 0.048) and during the 30 min time-trial (5.5+/-0.5 vs 4.9+/-0.3 W x kg(-1), P = 0.02). Similarly, peak oxygen uptake relative tobody mass was higher in the mountain bikers (78.3+/-4.4 vs 73.0+/-3.4 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), P = 0.03). The results indicate that high power-to-weight characteristics are important for success in mountain biking. The mountain bikers possessed similar anthropometric and physiological characteristics to previously studied road cycling uphill specialists.
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Research Interests: Informal Learning, Reflective Practice, Situated Learning, Communities of practice, Coaching to enhance learning, and 12 moreVygotsky, Sport for Development, Coaching and Personal Development, Sports Development, Community of Practice, Sports Coaching, Scientific publishing, Coaching and Coach Education, Sports Development & Sport Coaching, Critical Friendship, Communities of Practice, and Coaching Development
Research Interests: Sociology of Sport, Psychology, Positive Youth Development, Sport for Development, Sports Coaching, and 8 moreScientific publishing, Sociology of sports coaching, Coaching and Positive Psychology, Co design, Community Sport, Sport and Community Development, Positive Youth Sport Development, and Youth-adult partnership
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Previous research identified several factors that have motivated sustained athlete participation in a modified, low-risk form of boxing. The importance of the 'coach-athlete relationship' was highlighted. The present study used... more
Previous research identified several factors that have motivated sustained athlete participation in a modified, low-risk form of boxing. The importance of the 'coach-athlete relationship' was highlighted. The present study used Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) methodology to identify the particular coaching practices that have influenced this relationship and contributed to their continued engagement with the program. The findings suggest that providing a holistic approach to athlete development, treating the participants as serious athletes, using modified games to promote skill acquisition and having a focus on athlete improvement rather than competition have been the most influential practices.
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The purpose of this review is to establish current knowledge in regard to the legal, medical, ethical and moral concerns of participating in boxing.The review also presents a case for boxing by highlighting the social and physical... more
The purpose of this review is to establish current knowledge in regard to the legal, medical, ethical and moral concerns of participating in boxing.The review also presents a case for boxing by highlighting the social and physical benefits associated with participation. It summarises, interprets, and critically evaluates the existing literature and introduces a safer alternative Box'Tag.
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An Australian sport-based development initiative is currently operating in 10 schools across the northern Indian states of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. The project uses a modified, low-risk form of boxing (ModBox) as a vehicle for... more
An Australian sport-based development initiative is currently operating in 10 schools across the northern Indian states of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. The project uses a modified, low-risk form of boxing (ModBox) as a vehicle for reaching young people from some of the most disadvantaged sectors of the Indian community and is aimed at facilitating their personal development.