Resumo: Este trabalho analisa e comenta o estágio atual de aplicação dos processos da Modelagem da Informação da Construção (BIM) para empreendimentos de infraestrutura com ênfase em estruturas subterrâneas a partir dos conceitos já... more
Resumo: Este trabalho analisa e comenta o estágio atual de aplicação dos processos da Modelagem da Informação da Construção (BIM) para empreendimentos de infraestrutura com ênfase em estruturas subterrâneas a partir dos conceitos já difundidos para os empreendimentos de edificações. Como relatado por Bradley et al. (2015), internacionalmente, o incremento na aplicação e pesquisa dos processos BIM ligados à infraestrutura foi exponencial nos últimos 10 anos, ultrapassando 70 artigos em 2014. Neste período, o esquema aberto de estrutura de dados BIM que define a geometria dos componentes e as propriedades físicas dos objetos modelados IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) também evoluiu possibilitando a modelagem de novos tipos de objetos aplicados em empreendimentos de infraestrutura. Assim, foi possível observar também o incremento de publicações relacionadas aos processos BIM aplicados a empreendimentos com estruturas subterrâneas, replicando o incremento exponencial nesta área específ...
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The adoption of building information modeling (BIM) has a strong potential to influence project performance positively. However, the implementation and use of BIM also involve challenges and risks that must be considered for its... more
The adoption of building information modeling (BIM) has a strong potential to influence project performance positively. However, the implementation and use of BIM also involve challenges and risks that must be considered for its practice's success. This study aims to identify gaps and future research direction within the field of BIM and risk management. Besides, it explores the relationship between risks related to BIM implementation and project success dimensions. For this, a literature review is applied, merging bibliometric and content analysis. The results show that the three most frequently mentioned risks are technological interface among programs, followed by interoperability issues, and inadequate knowledge or expertise. Besides, insights pinpoint the positive relation between the BIM critical success factors and the risks associated with BIM, particularly in the design phase.
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Estudos realizados em empreendimentos na construção civil brasileira afirmam que ainda existe uma dissociação entre as fases de projeto e execução de obras, assim como uma carência de gestão e coordenação do projeto eficazes, resultando... more
Estudos realizados em empreendimentos na construção civil brasileira afirmam que ainda existe uma dissociação entre as fases de projeto e execução de obras, assim como uma carência de gestão e coordenação do projeto eficazes, resultando em prejuízos para prazos e custos. Nesse contexto, a formação acadêmica influencia significativamente o conhecimento e a prática exercida pelos profissionais no setor da construção. A fragmentação do ensino não proporciona um ambiente colaborativo, afetando diretamente a integração dos diversos agentes envolvidos no projeto e na execução do empreendimento. Ao mesmo tempo, a falta de disciplinas voltadas à discussão da gestão e da coordenação do projeto corroboram para este cenário de fragmentação das etapas do empreendimento. O objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir para a avaliação da influência da formação profissional nas atividades de gestão do projeto por meio de um estudo de caso em uma empresa projetista especializada no segmento de projetos e obras industriais. Como resultados, observou-se que a empresa estudada poderia ter apresentado uma melhor gestão e coordenação do processo de projeto, reduzindo os custos e tempo de projeto, caso tivesse aplicado uma gestão de riscos efetiva, evitando impactos negativos para o sucesso do empreendimento. ABSTRACT Studies carried out in Brazilian civil construction show the dissociation that still exists between building design and execution phases, as well as the lack of effective design management and coordination, leading to losses in terms of time and cost. In this context, the education of design and construction professionals influences their practices. The fragmentation of the education does not contribute to a collaborative environment, directly affecting the integration of the several players involved in the design detailing and project execution. At the same time, the lack of disciplines focused on design management and coordination corroborate this scenario of fragmentation of the construction project phases. The aim of this paper is give some contribution to the evaluation of the influence of the professional education in the activities of design management through a case study involving a engineering firm specialized in the segment of industrial building. As result, it was observed that the firm studied could have better managed and coordinate the design process, thus reducing its cost and time and avoiding negative impacts on the project success if an effective risk management had been applied.
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As empresas de projeto possuem um papel fundamental no setor da construção de edifícios, uma vez que a fase de projeto reflete diretamente no desempenho do edifício. Logo, compreender o funcionamento da gestão dessas empresas faz-se... more
As empresas de projeto possuem um papel fundamental no setor da construção de edifícios, uma vez que a fase de projeto reflete diretamente no desempenho do edifício. Logo, compreender o funcionamento da gestão dessas empresas faz-se necessário para o desenvolvimento do setor. Sendo assim, o artigo proposto tem o objetivo de analisar a gestão de empresas de projetos, por meio de estudos de caso na região metropolitana de Goiânia-GO. O método de pesquisa adotado foi do tipo qualitativo, o qual foi realizado a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica acerca do tema, e, sobretudo desenvolvido sob a ótica da tese de doutoramento de Oliveira (2005), o qual propõe um modelo de gestão para empresas de projetos. A partir deste modelo elaborou-se um questionário a ser aplicado em três empresas de projetos. Os resultados obtidos nas entrevistas foram analisados a partir da comparação entre os estudos de caso, o qual foi possível identificar às principais deficiências ligadas a gestão dessas empresas. Com isso, observou-se um quadro que já era esperado, pois, em geral, os profissionais responsáveis pela gestão deste tipo de empresa desconhecem as técnicas e pesquisas que visam aprimorar a qualidade dos projetos produzidos por este seguimento da construção civil. ABSTRACT Designs Firms have a important role on the construction field due to its importance since the design phase is directly related to the conception and the performance of the building. Hence, to understand the operation of this firms is necessary to the development of the construction industry. Thus this article analyses the design firms management through case of studies from the metropolitan area of Goiânia-GO. The type of methodology applied in the development of the article was qualitative. Starting at a bibliographical review about this subject and based upon the thesis of Oliveira (2005), which proposes a management model to design firms, a questionnaire was formulated and submitted to the three design firms selected as case studies to this research. The results obtained from this three firms compared and it became possible to identify the main deficiencies related to the management of the firms. Therefore, the methodology applied to the case studies confirmed a scenario that was
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Nos últimos 20 anos, o setor da construção civil no Brasil evoluiu significativamente em resposta ao crescimento da competitividade no mercado. Entretanto, nesse processo de evolução ainda têm sido encontradas barreiras culturais e... more
Nos últimos 20 anos, o setor da construção civil no Brasil evoluiu significativamente em resposta ao crescimento da competitividade no mercado. Entretanto, nesse processo de evolução ainda têm sido encontradas barreiras culturais e organizacionais, e, sobretudo, dificuldades nos esforços voltados à qualidade nos canteiros de obras. Aliada a este quadro, a falta de integração entre as atividades de construir e projetar provoca uma série de desperdícios, patologias, retrabalhos e alterações improvisadas decorrentes de projetos não compatibilizados, ora por ausência de detalhes nos projetos, ora por decisões tomadas por pessoas não capacitadas. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo geral discutir a implementação do método da Preparação da Execução de Obras (PEO) a fim de potencializar a qualidade na interface projeto-execução de obras. O método de pesquisa adotado para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho é classificado como qualitativo e foi realizado por meio de estudos de caso. Os resultados obtidos com a realização da pesquisa comprovaram a eficácia do método da PEO e a sua viabilidade enquanto potencializador na melhoria da gestão da interface projeto-execução de obras. Portanto, conclui-se que a PEO é viável de ser aplicada em empresas de incorporação e construção de edifícios. ABSTRACT During the last twenty years the construction field in Brazil has evolved significantly in response to its market growing and competitiveness. However this evolving path has faced many obstacles such as cultural barriers and the lack of efforts to achieve quality at the construction site. As one of the causes of this facts the lack of integration between construction and the designing process generates waste, pathologies, rework and improvised changes originated by non-detected clashes in design which were taken by incapacitated personnel at an inadequate moment. At the same time, the great amount of information generated on the designing or construction phases is lost due to the lack of an effective coordination of these activities. Thus the aim of this research is to implement the Building Pre-Construction Management (PEO) seeking to understand the management of the designing process in its interface with the construction site. The research method applied on the development of the analysis is classified as qualitative and it will be carried out through the studied cases and the evaluation of its results. The results obtained demonstrated the PEO method's effectiveness and feasibility while a booster on the quality improvement of design
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Purpose: The research goal was to investigate the main barriers faced by a large Brazilian construction company in their efforts to thoroughly implement BIM. This study focused on the analysis of understanding the barriers to BIM adoption... more
Purpose: The research goal was to investigate the main barriers faced by a large Brazilian construction company in their efforts to thoroughly implement BIM. This study focused on the analysis of understanding the barriers to BIM adoption and the usage of 3/4 dimensions (3D/4D) on the development of an infrastructure project.Research methodology: The research methodology was exploratory and qualitative, carried out through a single-case study approach made upon bibliographical research, company document analysis, project document analysis, interviews, informal conversations, and observations. The research methodology was developed in six months (from June to December 2019) divided into three main phases: phase 1: definition and design; phase 2: preparation and collection; phase 3: data analysis and conclusion. Data collection was developed using a semistructured research protocol with two different semistructured questionnaires: the first questionnaire aimed at collecting data regar...
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Studies on developments in the Brazilian civil construction report there is still a disconnection between the design phase and implementation in addition to a lack of management and coordination of effective design. This frequent... more
Studies on developments in the Brazilian civil construction report there is still a disconnection between the design phase and implementation in addition to a lack of management and coordination of effective design. This frequent dissociation compresses time and cost of project development that usually can be understood as an isolated instrument. In this context, academic education significantly influences the practices exercised by professionals in the labor market and the fragmented form of education currently adopted does not provide a collaborative environment, affecting the integration of the various agents involved in the development of the project and during the execution of the building. Thus, the main objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of vocational training in project management activities by applying a case study of a large project. As a result, it has been found that the company studied could better manage and coordinate the design process. Similarly, i...
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Nos últimos 20 anos, o setor da construção civil no Brasil evoluiu significativamente em resposta ao crescimento da competitividade no mercado. Entretanto, nesse processo de evolução ainda têm sido encontradas barreiras culturais e... more
Nos últimos 20 anos, o setor da construção civil no Brasil evoluiu significativamente em resposta ao crescimento da competitividade no mercado. Entretanto, nesse processo de evolução ainda têm sido encontradas barreiras culturais e organizacionais, e, sobretudo, dificuldades nos esforços voltados à qualidade nos canteiros de obras. Aliada a este quadro, a falta de integração entre as atividades de projetar e construir provoca uma série de desperdícios, patologias, retrabalhos e alterações improvisadas decorrentes de projetos não compatibilizados, ora por ausência de detalhes nos projetos, ora por decisões tomadas por pessoas não capacitadas em momentos inadequados. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral discutir a implementação do método da preparação da execução de obras (PEO) a fim de melhorar a qualidade na interface projeto-execução de obras. O método de pesquisa adotado para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho é classificado como qualitativo e foi realizada por meio de pesqui...
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This study aims to draw the scenario of the BIM research field and investigates the relationship of BIM categories (technology, process, and people) with critical success factors, stratified in four life cycle phases (Design,... more
This study aims to draw the scenario of the BIM research field and investigates the relationship of BIM categories (technology, process, and people) with critical success factors, stratified in four life cycle phases (Design, Pre-Construction, Construction, and Operation). The research design is a literature review (SLR) performed through bibliometrics and content analysis. The findings showed the theme evolution based on two motor themes that stood out, artificial intelligence and construction supply chain; three niche themes emerged, data exchange, lean construction, and smart contracts. Finally, we verified the lack of studies focusing on enhancing BIM research related to the Process and People BIM categories once the Technology category has been more studied in the field.
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Purpose: The research goal was to investigate the main barriers faced by a large Brazilian construction company in their efforts to thoroughly implement BIM. This study focused on the analysis of understanding the barriers to BIM adoption... more
Purpose: The research goal was to investigate the main barriers faced by a large Brazilian construction company in their efforts to thoroughly implement BIM. This study focused on the analysis of understanding the barriers to BIM adoption and the usage of 3/4 dimensions (3D/4D) on the development of an infrastructure project.
Research methodology: The research methodology was exploratory and qualitative, carried out through a single-case study approach made upon bibliographical research, company document analysis, project document analysis, interviews, informal conversations, and observations. The research methodology was developed in six months (from June to December 2019) divided into three main phases: phase 1: definition and design; phase 2: preparation and collection; phase 3: data analysis and conclusion. Data collection was developed using a semistructured research protocol with two different semistructured questionnaires: the first questionnaire aimed at collecting data regarding BIM implementation in the company’s organizational context; the second one focused on the understanding of BIM adoption in the project and on the investigation of the main barriers related to the usage of 3D and 4D modeling in the project studied.
Findings: Regarding BIM implementation in the company, although the company studied is a construction company in the infrastructure sector, BIM was considered more efficient in the design phase and flawed in the construction phase. Findings have shown that BIM has improved the information management of the design itself and its interface with the construction phase. In relation to the usage of BIM in the project, a more collaborative work environment was noticed due to the effectiveness of communication between the design and construction teams on the job site. With respect to the usage of 3D/4D modeling in the project studied, the difficulties in extracting information from the 3D model have disabled the usage of 4D modeling during the construction phase. Therefore, the difficulties reported were identified as an opportunity to map deficiencies in the BIM model in order to define parameters for the new project proposals and to automate the process of receiving the model and checking for inconsistencies or lack of information.
Implications for Research and Practice: The case study is an example that BIM as a technological tool is not able to promote an integrated design and construction interface by itself. It is necessary to integrate BIM as an integrated process with structured management methods and tools. From our perspective, we understand that contracts should change, including construction stakeholders in the very beginning of the design process fostering collaboration across stakeholders such as designers, design and construction managers, suppliers, and subcontractors, thereby achieving a higher level of improvement potentially carried on by the new technologies allied to management practices. With regard to the nature of this article, it is important to make it clear that the results from this study were based on the Brazilian construction industry only.
Limitations: The research is a single-case study; therefore, the findings cannot be generalized. Most of the data were dependent on the interviewees’ self-reported perceptions. We suggest new studies should be conducted with other construction companies in the Brazilian context, comparing companies with different organizational structures and sizes and other types of projects.
Research methodology: The research methodology was exploratory and qualitative, carried out through a single-case study approach made upon bibliographical research, company document analysis, project document analysis, interviews, informal conversations, and observations. The research methodology was developed in six months (from June to December 2019) divided into three main phases: phase 1: definition and design; phase 2: preparation and collection; phase 3: data analysis and conclusion. Data collection was developed using a semistructured research protocol with two different semistructured questionnaires: the first questionnaire aimed at collecting data regarding BIM implementation in the company’s organizational context; the second one focused on the understanding of BIM adoption in the project and on the investigation of the main barriers related to the usage of 3D and 4D modeling in the project studied.
Findings: Regarding BIM implementation in the company, although the company studied is a construction company in the infrastructure sector, BIM was considered more efficient in the design phase and flawed in the construction phase. Findings have shown that BIM has improved the information management of the design itself and its interface with the construction phase. In relation to the usage of BIM in the project, a more collaborative work environment was noticed due to the effectiveness of communication between the design and construction teams on the job site. With respect to the usage of 3D/4D modeling in the project studied, the difficulties in extracting information from the 3D model have disabled the usage of 4D modeling during the construction phase. Therefore, the difficulties reported were identified as an opportunity to map deficiencies in the BIM model in order to define parameters for the new project proposals and to automate the process of receiving the model and checking for inconsistencies or lack of information.
Implications for Research and Practice: The case study is an example that BIM as a technological tool is not able to promote an integrated design and construction interface by itself. It is necessary to integrate BIM as an integrated process with structured management methods and tools. From our perspective, we understand that contracts should change, including construction stakeholders in the very beginning of the design process fostering collaboration across stakeholders such as designers, design and construction managers, suppliers, and subcontractors, thereby achieving a higher level of improvement potentially carried on by the new technologies allied to management practices. With regard to the nature of this article, it is important to make it clear that the results from this study were based on the Brazilian construction industry only.
Limitations: The research is a single-case study; therefore, the findings cannot be generalized. Most of the data were dependent on the interviewees’ self-reported perceptions. We suggest new studies should be conducted with other construction companies in the Brazilian context, comparing companies with different organizational structures and sizes and other types of projects.
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The research goal was to evaluate BIM knowledge among professionals in order to delineate an overview concerning BIM adoption by the AEC industry of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The research method consisted of the application of a quantitative and... more
The research goal was to evaluate BIM knowledge among professionals in order to delineate an overview concerning BIM adoption by the AEC industry of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The research method consisted of the application of a quantitative and qualitative online survey questionnaire. Results has shown the lack of adequately BIM trained personnel is still a significant constraint hindering a potentially wider adoption of the technology in the construction industry.
Estudos realizados em empreendimentos na construção civil brasileira afirmam que ainda existe uma dissociação entre as fases de projeto e execução de obras, assim como uma carência de gestão e coordenação do projeto eficazes, resultando... more
Estudos realizados em empreendimentos na construção civil brasileira afirmam que ainda existe uma dissociação entre as fases de projeto e execução de obras, assim como uma carência de gestão e coordenação do projeto eficazes, resultando em prejuízos para prazos e custos. Nesse contexto, a formação acadêmica influencia significativamente o conhecimento e a prática exercida pelos profissionais no setor da construção. A fragmentação do ensino não proporciona um ambiente colaborativo, afetando diretamente a integração dos diversos agentes envolvidos no projeto e na execução do empreendimento. Ao mesmo tempo, a falta de disciplinas voltadas à discussão da gestão e da coordenação do projeto corroboram para este cenário de fragmentação das etapas do empreendimento. O objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir para a avaliação da influência da formação profissional nas atividades de gestão do projeto por meio de um estudo de caso em uma empresa projetista especializada no segmento de projetos e obras industriais. Como resultados, observou-se que a empresa estudada poderia ter apresentado uma melhor gestão e coordenação do processo de projeto, reduzindo os custos e tempo de projeto, caso tivesse aplicado uma gestão de riscos efetiva, evitando impactos negativos para o sucesso do empreendimento. Palavras-chave: Formação profissional, Gestão e coordenação de projetos, Projetos industriais. ABSTRACT Studies carried out in Brazilian civil construction show the dissociation that still exists between building design and execution phases, as well as the lack of effective design management and coordination, leading to losses in terms of time and cost. In this context, the education of design and construction professionals influences their practices. The fragmentation of the education does not contribute to a collaborative environment, directly affecting the integration of the several players involved in the design detailing and project execution. At the same time, the lack of disciplines focused on design management and coordination corroborate this scenario of fragmentation of the construction project phases. The aim of this paper is give some contribution to the evaluation of the influence of the professional education in the activities of design management through a case study involving a engineering firm specialized in the segment of industrial building. As result, it was observed that the firm studied could have better managed and coordinate the design process, thus reducing its cost and time and avoiding negative impacts on the project success if an effective risk management had been applied.
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Although BIM has been transforming the AEC industry worldwide, the quality of BIM education is still unclear. In an effort to investigate the current state of BIM integration into higher education curricula, the main goal of this study... more
Although BIM has been transforming the AEC industry worldwide, the quality of BIM education is still unclear. In an effort to investigate the current state of BIM integration into higher education curricula, the main goal of this study was to evaluate, compare, and reflect on students’ proficiency in BIM between two very distinct graduate courses in Brazil and in the United States. Findings suggest a critical lack of knowledge, either foundational (in the U.S.) or procedural knowledge (in Brazil). Finally, measures that could improve the students’ proficiency in BIM are suggested.
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BIM adoption represents an uphill task for the construction industry in developing nations. In Brazil, construction companies are looking out for the best strategies to implement BIM into their processes. Currently, the industry relies on... more
BIM adoption represents an uphill task for the construction industry in developing nations. In Brazil, construction companies are looking out for the best strategies to implement BIM into their processes. Currently, the industry relies on traditional methods which fall short of meeting the demand for the interconnection between different levels of information along the building life cycle, especially in highly complex projects. The research goal was to understand the main obstacles with BIM adoption during the pre-construction phase in a complex infrastructure project. The research methodology was exploratory and qualitative carried out through a single case study approach made upon bibliographical research, project analysis, interviews, and informal conversations. Based on that, our analysis discussed the results from two different perspectives: BIM in the company's organizational context and BIM in the pre-construction phase. After that, we summarize the main barriers and gaps concerning BIM in the case study. Results has shown the main difficulties faced by the company in their efforts to thoroughly implement BIM. Mainly, the project studied has achieved 3D dimension modeling and a punctual initiative of 4D dimension application during the pre-construction and construction phases. In conclusion, this study has observed the importance of the pre-construction phase for the successful information management and project results in terms of constructability, cost saving and time management.
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In recent years, Brazilian government issued a federal decree establishing the National Dissemination Strategy for Building Information Modelling (BIM) with the expectation that BIM will be disseminated in public works by 2028. In... more
In recent years, Brazilian government issued a federal decree establishing the National Dissemination Strategy for Building Information Modelling (BIM) with the expectation that BIM will be disseminated in public works by 2028. In addition to this, the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT) has set up a committee to generate and disseminate standardization involving the various aspects of BIM implementation. In this scenario, the objective of this paper is to investigate the BIM implementation process in a Brazilian government infrastructure studied company, and to understand how the Design as well the Consultant Firms are facing the new demands about BIM. An exploratory research through qualitative and quantitative approaches was carried out by a case study. The qualitative approach was based on a set of interviews applied with Technical Professionals and the company´s board that work at the studied company. The quantitative approach was held through an online survey questionnaire applied to the designer´s base that work with the studied company. The analysis was also based on five different guides: BIM Project Execution Planning Guide, RICS Guide, CBIC Guide, EUBIM Handbook and European Construction Sector Observatory. As a result, the paper aims to deliver a set of practical recommendations in order to help the studied company define the demands for their designer´s base so that bidding occur in the best possible way, and also to better its BIM implementation process.