Minas Hiruy

Research institutions generate plenty of agricultural technologies which is capable of improving agricultural productivity. However, most of research outputs developed by research institutions were not properly communicated to the intended users. The current study, therefore, examined the factors that affect the application of communication strategies in the diffusion of agricultural innovations and technologies at the Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute (ARARI). To conduct this study, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with senior experts from ARARI and purposefully selected farmers, respectively. The study also incorporated document analysis as a data collection instrument. The study predominantly used a qualitative approach to the research design. The findings of the study indicated that ARARI has dominantly followed traditional extension services that are slow, linear, hierarchical, and poorly funded. In relation to communication strategies, agricultural extension workers mostly used interpersonal communication strategies, while agricultural innovations and technologies were diffused to the end users. The findings also revealed that farmers still have a negative perception of the adoption and utilization of agricultural innovations and technologies that emerge from illiteracy, knowledge gaps, inexperience, fears, and lack of clear communication between extension workers and end users. Therefore, to clearly diffuse agricultural innovations and technologies to wider users, ARARAI as an institution should work largely in the adoption (cognitive activity), especially in awareness creation, knowledge management, and behavioral change communication to allow the users of the innovation as well as better to adopt and spread the technology to many users. IMPACT STATEMENT This study delves into the critical examination of factors influencing the application of communication strategies in the diffusion of agricultural innovations and technologies at the Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute (ARARI) in Ethiopia. The findings reveal a predominant reliance on traditional extension services characterized by slowness, linearity, hierarchy, and inadequate funding within ARARI. Interpersonal communication strategies employed by agricultural extension workers emerge as the primary conduit for disseminating agricultural innovations and technologies to end-users, predominantly farmers. Crucially, the study uncovers a persistently negative perception among farmers regarding the adoption and utilization of agricultural innovations and technologies. Rooted in issues such as illiteracy, knowledge gaps, inexperience, fears, and a lack of clear communication between extension workers and end-users, these challenges pose significant barriers to the successful integration of technological advancements in agriculture.

The objective of this study was to identify and assess the main determinants of small-scale biogas technology adoption and its effect on crop yields. The case study is based on cross-sectional data collected from 335 rural households in the East Gojjam Zone of Ethiopia. Both primary and secondary data were used for this study. Primary data were collected through a questioner-based survey from 197 biogas adopter (treated) and 138 non-adopter (control) households. The analysis was based on propensity score matching (PSM) methods to estimate the determinants and impact of biogas technology adoption on cereal crop yields. Estimates from the probit model indicate that cattle head, follow-up and support, extension contact, training access, distance to water sources, and distance to the market were the main determinants of the adoption of biogas technology. The comparison between adopters and non-adopters based on PSM reveals that the adopters and users of bio-slurry significantly increase...