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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Use Australian English|date=April 2018}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin
}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = SS Myola.jpg
| Ship caption =
}}
{{Infobox ship career
| Hide header =
| Ship name = *''SS Myola'' (1913–1919)
| Ship owner = Australian Steamships Ltd. ([[Howard Smith Limited]])
| Ship operator =
| Ship country = Australia
| Ship flag =
| Ship registry =
| Ship route =
| Ship ordered =
| Ship builder = [[Smiths Dock Company]], [[South Bank, Middlesbrough|South Bank]], [[Middlesbrough]], [[England|Northeast England]]
| Ship original cost =
| Ship yard number =
| Ship way number =
| Ship laid down =
| Ship launched = 16 August 1913
| Ship completed = 1913
| Ship christened =
| Ship acquired =
| Ship maiden voyage =
| Ship in service =
| Ship out of service =
| Ship identification = Ship official number 132448
| Ship fate = foundered 2 April 1919 off [[Long Reef (New South Wales)|Long Reef]]
| Ship notes = location of wreck {{coord|33.7612|||S|151.36338|||E}}<ref>{{cite web |title=SS Myola| access-date = 6 May 2018|publisher= Michael Mcfadyen|url=https://www.michaelmcfadyenscuba.info/viewpage.php?page_id=8}}</ref>
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header =
| Header caption =
| Ship type = [[Collier (ship)|Collier]], [[screw steamer]]
| Ship construction =
| Ship tonnage = *{{GRT|655}}
| Ship displacement =
| Ship length = {{cvt|180|ft}}
| Ship beam = {{cvt|29.1|ft}}
| Ship height =
| Ship draught = {{cvt|11.6|ft}}
| Ship draft =
| Ship hold depth =
| Ship decks =
| Ship deck clearance =
| Ship sail plan = two masts
| Ship power = T3cyl (16.5, 27, 44 x 30in), 1 screw, engine aft 2 powered scotch boilers, 150 horsepower plus sails
| Ship propulsion =
| Ship speed =
}}
|}
'''SS ''Myola''''' was a 655-ton screw steamer, 55 metres long, built in [[Middlesbrough]] in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web |title=Screw Steamer Myola| website= Tees Built Ships| access-date = 6 May 2018|url=http://www.teesbuiltships.co.uk/view.php?year_built=1913&builder=&ref=170397&vessel=MYOLA}}</ref> ''Myola'', could unfurl sails on her two tall masts and gain a knot or so of additional speed when the wind suited.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Myola : Sydney's last shipwreck|last=John.|first=Riley|date=1995|publisher=J. Riley & P. Fields|others=Fields, Peter.|isbn=978-0646248158|location=Bondi, N.S.W.|pages=8|oclc=38376859}}</ref>

''Myola'' left [[Newcastle, New South Wales]], on 1 April 1919 bound for [[Sydney]]. The cargo was 675 tons of [[coal]].

Captain Higgins replaced his usual crew, quarantined in Sydney after an epidemic of [[Spanish flu|influenza]]. A thirty mile per hour south-easterly wind created heavy seas. When off [[Long Reef (New South Wales)|Long Reef]] near Sydney, ''Myola'' was struck by a heavy wave. Water entered the engine room. At about 12:15 a.m., the ship suddenly lurched to starboard, and it then came over to port and came to rest on its [[wikt:beam-ends|beam ends]], with water over the [[well deck]].<ref name="Royal Commission 1920" /> Subsequently the ship foundered, sinking rapidly. Four miles behind, the steamer ''South Bulli'' observed distress flares and assisted picking up survivors. Four people died.

A subsequent [[Court of Marine Inquiry]] found that the foundering was caused by the coal cargo "shifting" and from an accumulation of water in the bilges. It was also critical of the second engineer for not starting the pumps earlier or informing superior officers of the situation.<ref name="Royal Commission 1920">{{Cite book|last=Royal Commission|title=Report of the Royal Commission of Inquiry into the Design, Construction, Management, Equipment, Manning, Leading, Navigation and Running of the Vessels Engaged in the Coastal Coal-carrying Trade in New South Wales and into the Cause or Causes of the Loss of the Colliers Undola, Myola and Tuggerah.|publisher=NSW Government Printer|year=1920|location=Copy held in the National Library of Australia|pages=Pages 29–34}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article159302043|title=LOSS OF THE MYOLA.|date=1919-08-12|work=Daily Commercial News and Shipping List (Sydney, NSW : 1891 – 1954)|access-date=2018-08-06|pages=4}}</ref>

''Myola'' was one of three coastal steam colliers (or '[[sixty-miler]]s') to be lost, in the six-months from Dec 1918 to May 1919. The other two were ''Undola'' and ''Tuggerah''. As a result, a [[Sixty-miler#Royal Commission of 1919–1920|Royal Commission]] was set up to inquire into the [[Coastal coal-carrying trade of New South Wales|coastal coal carrying trade]] and the loss of the three ships.

The Royal Commission's finding on the loss of ''Myola'', differed from that of the earlier inquiry. It rejected 'shifting coal' as the cause of the loss and found that the amount of water in the bilges was not significant. Relying upon the calculations of a [[Naval architecture|naval architect]] and evidence that ''Myola'' was up to 75-tons over its theoretical [[deadweight tonnage]] upon leaving Newcastle, the finding on the cause of the loss of ''Myola'' was:

"''the Myola having had an amount of loose water in her'' [ballast] ''tanks on leaving Newcastle which reduced the [[Metacentric height#Righting arm|righting levers]] considerably and rendered her unstable and eventually caused the loss. This theory meets the facts more consistently than any others which has been advanced''."<ref name="Royal Commission 1920" />

The reason for there being free water in the ballast tanks was not known—the crew believed that the tanks were empty— but the Royal Commission was, in its own words, "''forced to consider the possible neglect to keep filling valves screwed down when not in use as a possible cause of the disaster''".<ref name="Royal Commission 1920" />

Contemporary reports stated ''Myola'' sunk off [[Sydney Heads]]. However, the wreck of ''Myola'' was found in 1994, in 48 metres of water off [[Long Reef (New South Wales)|Long Reef]], lying on its port side.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shipwreck – Myola| website= Australian National Shipwreck Database| access-date = 6 May 2018|publisher= Australian Government – Department of Environment & Energy|url=https://dmzapp17p.ris.environment.gov.au/shipwreck/public/wreck/wreck.do?key=1301}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=SS Myola| access-date = 6 May 2018|publisher= Adive.hemnet.com.au|url=http://dive.hemnet.com.au/wrecks/myola.htm}}</ref> Damage to the propeller indicates that the engine was still running as the ship foundered, which is consistent with accounts given by the crew.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dive.hemnet.com.au/wrecks/myola.htm|title=Myola|website=dive.hemnet.com.au|access-date=2018-08-06}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{cite web |title=Diving on the SS Myola, 1 December 2012|last=Michael McFadyen |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jSN8iMffB0}}

{{1951 shipwrecks}}
{{Navbox shipwrecks of New South Wales}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Myola, SS}}
[[Category:1913 ships]]
[[Category:Ships built on the River Tees]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1919]]
[[Category:Coastal trading vessels of Australia]]
[[Category:Shipwrecks of the Northern Sydney Region]]
[[Category:Iron and steel steamships of Australia]]
[[Category:Colliers of Australia]]
[[Category:Auxiliary steamers]]

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