Nurek Dam
| Nurek Dam | |
|---|---|
 Nurek Dam | |
  Location of Nurek Dam within Tajikistan | |
| Location | Nurek, Border of Khatlon district and Districts of Republican Subordination, Tajikistan |
| Purpose | Power |
| Status | Operational |
| Construction began | 1961 |
| Opening date | 1972 |
| Owner(s) | Barqi Tojik |
| Dam and spillways | |
| Impounds | Vakhsh River |
| Height | 300 m (980 ft)[1][2][3] |
| Length | 700 m (2,300 ft) |
| Reservoir | |
| Creates | Nurek reservoir |
| Total capacity | 10.500 km3 (8,512,000 acre⋅ft) |
| Surface area | 98 km2 (38 sq mi) |
| Power Station | |
| Operator(s) | Barqi Tojik |
| Commission date | Initial: 1972-1979 Reconstruction: 1988 |
| Type | Conventional |
| Turbines | 9 x 335 MW Francis-type |
| Installed capacity | 3,015 MW |
The Nurek Dam (Tajik: Нерӯгоҳи обии Норак, Nerūgohi obii Norak, Tajiki for Nurek Hydro-electric Station) is an earth-fill embankment dam on the Vakhsh River in the central Asian nation of Tajikistan. Its primary purpose is hydroelectric power generation and its power station has an installed capacity of 3,015 MW. Construction of the dam began in 1961 and the power station's first generator was commissioned in 1972. The last generator was commissioned in 1979 and the entire project was completed in 1980 when Tajikistan was still a republic within the Soviet Union. At 300 m (984 ft)[2][1][3], it is currently the second tallest man-made dam in the world. The Rogun Dam, also along the Vakhsh in Tajikistan, may exceed it in size when completed.
Construction
The Nurek Dam was constructed by the Soviet Union between the years of 1961 and 1980. It is uniquely constructed, with a central core of cement forming an impermeable barrier within a 300 m (980 ft)-high rock and earth fill construction.[2][1][3] The volume of the mound is 54 million m³. The dam includes nine hydroelectric generating units, the first commissioned in 1972 and the last in 1979.[2]
The dam is located in a deep gorge along the Vakhsh River in western Tajikistan, about 75 km (47 mi) east of the nation's capital of Dushanbe. A town near the dam, also called Nurek, houses engineers and other workers employed at the dam's power plant.
Electricity generation
A total of nine Francis turbine-generators are installed in the Nurek Dam's power station. Originally having a generating capacity of 300 megawatts each (2,700 MW total), they were redesigned and retrofitted between 1984 and 1988 so now have a capacity of 335 MW each (3,015 MW total).[2] As of 1994, this formed most of the nation's 4.0 gigawatt hydroelectric generating capacity, which was adequate to meet 98% of the nation's electricity needs.[4]
Reservoir
The reservoir formed by the Nurek Dam, known simply as Nurek, is the largest reservoir in Tajikistan with a capacity of 10.5 km³. The reservoir is over 70 km (40 mi) in length, and has a surface area of 98 km2 (38 sq mi). The reservoir fuels the hydroelectric plant located within the dam, and stored water is also used for irrigation of local agricultural land. Irrigation water is transported 14 kilometers through the Dangara irrigation tunnel and is used to irrigate about 700 km2 (300 sq mi) of farmland. It is suspected that the reservoir may have caused induced seismicity when being impounded.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d "History of Nurek Dams". Canadian Induced Seismicity Research Group. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
- ^ a b c d e "Open Joint Stock Holding Company "Barki Tajik"" (in Tajik). Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Tajikistan. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
- ^ a b c Jansen, Robert B. (1988). Advanced Dam Engineering for Design, Construction, and Rehabilitation. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 744. ISBN 0442243979.
- ^ Ghasimi, Reza (1994). Tajikistan. The International Bank for Reconstruction. p. 138. ISBN 0-8213-3105-1.
External links
- "AQUASTAT - FAO's Information System on Water and Agriculture: Tajikistan" (1997). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Land and Water Development Division. Retrieved August 16, 2005.
- "Exhibitions to the Beginning of Amudarya". International Conference on Regional Cooperation in Transboundary River Basins. Retrieved August 16, 2005.
- "Highest Dams (World and U.S.)". Stanford University Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering. Retrieved August 16, 2005.
- Nurek Dam