[go: up one dir, main page]
Jump to content

Frozen 2

Page semi-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Scottandrewhutchins (talk | contribs) at 19:39, 10 October 2024 (→Thematic analysis). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Frozen 2
Computer-animated characters standing together, surrounded by a swirling, magical wind
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Screenplay byJennifer Lee
Story by
Produced byPeter Del Vecho
Starring
CinematographyMohit Kallianpur
Edited byJeff Draheim
Music by
  • Christophe Beck (score)
  • Robert Lopez (songs)
  • Kristen Anderson-Lopez (songs)
Layouts byScott Beattie
Production
company
Distributed byWalt Disney Studios
Motion Pictures[a]
Release dates
  • November 7, 2019 (2019-11-07) (Dolby Theatre)
  • November 22, 2019 (2019-11-22) (United States)
Running time
103 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$150 million
Box office$1.453 billion

Frozen 2, stylized as Frozen II, is a 2019 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures as the sequel to Frozen (2013). Produced by Peter Del Vecho, the film was directed by Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee from a screenplay by Lee. The directors co-wrote the story with Marc Smith, Kristen Anderson-Lopez, and Robert Lopez. It stars the voices of Kristen Bell, Idina Menzel, Josh Gad, and Jonathan Groff. Set three years after the events of the first film, Frozen 2 follows sisters Anna and Elsa, and their companions Kristoff, Sven, and Olaf as they travel to an enchanted forest to unravel the origin of Elsa's magical power.

Frozen 2 was greenlit in March 2015 after a company debate about whether it would be perceived as inferior to the original. It used more-complex, enhanced animation technology compared to the first film, and was an interdepartmental collaboration. Anderson-Lopez and Lopez returned as the film's songwriters, and Christophe Beck again composed the score. The film was translated into 46 languages and was accompanied by Into the Unknown: Making Frozen 2, a documentary series.

Frozen 2 premiered in Hollywood, Los Angeles, on November 7, 2019, and was released in the United States on November 22. It received generally positive reviews from critics, although it was considered inferior to its predecessor. The film grossed $1.450 billion worldwide, finishing its theatrical run as the third-highest-grossing film of 2019, the tenth-highest-grossing film in history, and the second-highest-grossing animated film of all time. It also held the title of the highest-grossing worldwide opening for an animated film for three years. Frozen 2 received a nomination for Best Original Song at the 92nd Academy Awards, among numerous other accolades. A sequel, Frozen 3, is scheduled to be released in 2027.

Plot

King Agnarr of Arendelle tells his daughters Elsa and Anna that their grandfather, King Runeard, forged a treaty with the neighboring tribe of Northuldra by building a dam in their homeland, the Enchanted Forest. A fight occurred, resulting in Runeard's death and enraging the forest's classical elements of earth, fire, water, and air. The elements disappeared, and a wall of mist trapped everyone in the forest; Agnarr barely escaped, helped by an unknown savior.

Three years after her coronation,[b] Elsa celebrates autumn in the kingdom with Anna, the snowman Olaf, the iceman Kristoff, and Kristoff's reindeer Sven. One night, Elsa hears a mysterious voice calling her. She follows it, unintentionally awakening the elemental spirits, who are forcing everyone in the kingdom to evacuate. The Rock Troll colony arrives, and Grand Pabbie tells the sisters they must set things right by uncovering the truth about the past. Elsa, Anna, Olaf, Kristoff and Sven follow the mysterious voice, and travel to the Enchanted Forest.

The mist parts at Elsa's touch, while the air spirit appears as a tornado, catching everyone in its vortex until Elsa stops it by turning the vortex into ice sculptures that show images from their father's past. Elsa also befriends the fire spirit, who is an agitated magical salamander. They later encounter the Northuldra and a troop of Arendellian soldiers who are still in conflict with one another. Anna and Elsa arrange a truce between the soldiers and the Northuldra after discovering that their mother, Queen Iduna, was a Northuldran who had saved the Arendellian Agnarr. The Northuldra tell them about a fifth spirit, who is meant to reunite the people with the magic of nature.

While Kristoff and Sven stay with the Northuldra, Elsa, Anna, and Olaf continue north. They find their parents' wrecked ship and a map with a route to Ahtohallan, a mythical river said to explain the past. Elsa sends Anna and Olaf to safety and continues alone. She encounters and tames the Nøkk, the water spirit who guards the sea to Ahtohallan. Elsa discovers that the voice calling to her is the memory of young Iduna and that her powers are a gift from nature because of Iduna's selfless saving of Agnarr. She learns that the dam was built as a ruse to reduce Northuldran resources because of Runeard's contempt for the tribe's connection with magic, and that he began the conflict by murdering the Northuldran leader in cold blood. Elsa sends this information to Anna before she becomes frozen due to venturing into the most dangerous part of Ahtohallan. This also causes Olaf to fade away from existence.

Upon discovering the truth, Anna concludes that the dam must be destroyed for peace to be restored and the forest to be freed. She awakens the earth spirit, Jötunn, and lures it towards the dam. The massive rock giants hurl boulders, destroying the dam and sending a flood down the fjord towards the kingdom. Elsa is released and rides the water spirit to Arendelle, where she freezes the flood and saves the kingdom. As the mist disappears, she rejoins Anna and revives Olaf. Realizing she is the fifth spirit herself, Elsa explains to Anna that they are the bridge between the people and the magical spirits. Anna then becomes Queen of Arendelle and accepts Kristoff's marriage proposal. Elsa becomes the protector of the Enchanted Forest, and visits Arendelle regularly, with peace restored.

In a post-credits scene, Olaf visits Elsa's ice palace and recounts the events to Marshmallow, the snow giant created by Elsa as palace guard,[b] and the Snowgies, miniature snowmen inadvertently generated by Elsa on Anna's nineteenth birthday.[c]

Voice cast

Main article: List of Frozen characters
A dark-haired Idina Menzel, singing at an event
A smiling, blonde-haired Kristen Bell
Idina Menzel (Elsa) in 2008 and Kristen Bell (Anna) in 2013

Frozen 2 also features Martha Plimpton as the Northuldra chief Yelena[9] and Sterling K. Brown as the Arendelle lieutenant Mattias.[10] Jason Ritter voices Ryder, a member of Northuldra; and Rachel Matthews voices Honeymaren, Ryder's sister who also resides in the Enchanted Forest.[9]

Evan Rachel Wood voices Iduna (Elsa and Anna's mother),[11] and Delaney Rose Stein voices the young Iduna.[4] Alfred Molina voices Agnarr (Elsa and Anna's father),[12] and Jackson Stein voices young Agnarr. Jeremy Sisto voices Runeard[4] (Agnarr's father and Elsa and Anna's grandfather[13][14]); Ciarán Hinds voices the Rock Troll head Pabbie; and Aurora is "the voice" (a call to Elsa).[4][15][16] Alan Tudyk voices a guard, a Northuldran leader, and an Arendellian soldier. Paul Briggs reprised his role in the post-credits scene as Marshmallow, a snow monster created by Elsa.[4][17]

Production

Conception

Three people smiling for a photograph before a Frozen-themed red carpet backdrop
(left to right) Producer Peter Del Vecho, director and writer Jennifer Lee, and director Chris Buck at Frozen's 2013 premiere

Producer Peter Del Vecho said on March 31, 2014, that he, Chris Buck, and Jennifer Lee collaborated well, and he envisioned another Frozen-related project.[18] The following month, Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan F. Horn said that a sequel would not be immediately forthcoming because the studio was focusing on a Broadway musical adaptation of Frozen.[19][20] In a May 2014 CNBC interview with David Faber, the Walt Disney Company CEO Bob Iger said that the company would not force the development of a sequel, because it was concerned about not living up to the first film. Iger said that the Frozen franchise "is something that is kind of forever for the company", similar to The Lion King.[21]

On June 10, 2014, Lee confirmed that Walt Disney Studios CCO John Lasseter had authorized her and Buck to explore a possible sequel.[22][23] While working on the short film Frozen Fever (2015), they realized that they missed the characters. Meanwhile, Del Vecho had been asked by fans about Frozen's future. Lee, Buck, and Del Vecho discussed the possibility of a sequel.[23] Buck later said, "The one thing that we did right away was to figure out what would be satisfying for Anna and Elsa at the end of the movie."[24] They decided on ending the sequel with Anna becoming the queen of Arendelle, while Elsa would be "free".[23]

Development

At the Walt Disney Animation Studio, as with Pixar, when we do a sequel, it is because the filmmakers who created the original have created an idea that is so good that it's worthy of these characters. We enjoyed making Frozen Fever so much and being back in that world with those characters, and we love the characters in this world so much of Arendelle, that Jennifer Lee and Chris Buck have come up with a great idea for a sequel and you will be hearing a lot.

—John Lasseter, announcing Frozen 2[25]

Iger, Lasseter, and actor Josh Gad announced at Disney's March 12, 2015, annual shareholders' meeting in San Francisco that Frozen 2, a full-length sequel, was in development; Buck and Lee would return as directors, and Del Vecho as producer.[25][26] The production team traveled to Norway, Finland, and Iceland for background research;[27][28] they decided to make Elsa a "mythic hero" with magic ice powers and Anna a "fairytale hero" who lives in a magical world but has no magic powers. They concluded that the first film successfully combined the two elements.[3] Allison Schroeder was hired to assist Lee with the script in August 2018 after Lee succeeded Lasseter as Disney Animation's CCO;[29] Lee was credited as the film's screenwriter, and Schroeder was credited with additional screenplay material.[30] The film's story contributions were made by Lee, Buck, Marc Smith, Kristen Anderson-Lopez, and Robert Lopez.[31] Overall, the budget was approximately $150 million.[32]

Voice recording began in September 2017,[33][34] although Menzel started a couple of weeks later due to a concert tour.[35] That month, Gad announced his role in the sequel with Buck, Lee, Del Vecho, and Lasseter.[36][37] In July 2018, Variety reported that Wood and Brown were in talks to join the cast.[38] Their roles were later disclosed as Iduna[39] and Lieutenant Destin Mattias.[40] Wood was cast because her voice resembled Menzel and Bell's.[39] The voice of Agnarr was changed from Maurice LaMarche to Molina.[41] The Voice's four-note call, derived from the Latin sequence "Dies irae", is delivered in a manner resembling the Scandinavian music form kulning.[42]

Frozen 2's first completed scenes were test screened at the Annecy International Animated Film Festival in June 2019,[43][44] where Becky Bresee and effects-animation head Marlon West said that the film was "still in production, with seven weeks of animation to be completed and 10 weeks of special effects".[45] The filmmakers collaborated with Sámi experts on the depiction of the Northuldra tribe with Verdett, an advisory group which was the result of an agreement between the Walt Disney Company, the transnational Saami Council, and the Sámi parliaments of Finland, Norway, and Sweden.[46] Anderson-Lopez confirmed that Elsa would have no female love interest in the film, despite some fans' desire for one.[47] Lee later explained to The New York Times reporter Maureen Dowd that Elsa's main audience did not seem ready for such a relationship.[48] Lee also stated in a press conference that Frozen 2 would not acquire elements from the television series Once Upon a Time's Frozen storyline, which was part of its fourth season.[49]

Frozen 2 underwent significant revisions after its first test screening in San Diego; Disney Animation discovered that although adults liked the film, children found it hard to follow. The production team realized they needed to clarify the identity of the Voice and the point of Elsa's transformation, and add more comedy and shots of Bruni (the fire salamander). A scene of expository dialogue in which the lead characters explained to the people trapped in the Enchanted Forest why they had come there was replaced with Olaf's humorous recap of Frozen. Due to the changes, the animators needed to create 61 new shots and redo another 35. An undisclosed number of shots were cut from the finished film; about a dozen animators and artists worked for two months on an elaborate resurrection scene for Olaf before it was cut.[50]

The last major animation scene completed before the production team locked the picture was "Show Yourself", the musical number in which Elsa enters Ahtohallan and learns all the secrets she has been seeking. According to Del Vecho, the scene "required all of the resources at the studio" to get the film done on time.[23] Lopez said that the first draft of "Show Yourself" was very different from its final version.[51] Megan Harding directed an official documentary series on the production of Frozen 2, which depicted the process of Del Vecho and Lopez determining The Voice's identity. Once the production team settled on Queen Iduna, the lyrics of "Show Yourself" finally began to come together, but then the studio's artists, designers, and animators needed to quickly figure out how to stage the dramatic culmination of Elsa's journey towards becoming the Snow Queen.[50] The film was edited by Jeff Draheim.[52]

Design

Costume and character designs underwent several revisions before they were finalized. According to designer Griselda Sastrawinata-Lemay, the process was the most intricate of any animated film. Technological advancements allowed the designer to create more-detailed outfits, with extra beads and sequins. The team used Marvelous Designer, a computer-generated imagery (CGI) program, to drape each character's clothing.[53]

Anna's outfit was inspired by the Norwegian folk bunad, worn during the 1840s and 1850s. Typically made of wool, it had decorative embroidery. Anna lost the pigtail braid she had in Frozen because she is three years older in Frozen 2, and it was replaced by a braid across the back of her head. Aging Elsa three years was inspired by artists Alexander McQueen and Elie Saab. Saab's designs had long trains and cumbersome floor-length hemlines; the designers instead created a tailored coat with a double-panel cape and epaulettes, highlighting Elsa's strength.[53]

The animation team used a curve-based method for the intricate embroidery. A program interpreted two-dimensional visual designs as line strokes, rendering them as curves. This allowed quick changes, minimizing manual work during design modifications. It also supported free-form stitching with threads of various widths, colors, and densities, crucial to the production of a variety of embroidery styles.[54]

Animation

About 800 people, 80 of them animators, were involved in the production of Frozen 2.[55] Tony Smeed and Becky Bresee were the film's heads of animation;[3] Hyun-Min Lee replaced Bresee as supervising animator for Anna, while Wayne Unten again served as supervising animator for Elsa as he had done on Frozen. Steve Golberg was the supervising animator for visual effects.[56][57] Scott Beattie was the director of cinematography layout, while Mohit Kallianpur was the director of cinematography lighting.[58]

Frozen 2 made use of advancements in technology, artistic performance, and skeletal animation.[59] Before the animation began, Unten showed scenes of superheroes like Frozone to Elsa's animators as examples of what to avoid.[56] Creating the personal flurry effect was so difficult for the animators that the directors had Elsa put a permafrost coating on Olaf in Frozen 2 instead.[60] Elsa's graceful movements were modeled on Frozen and modern dance, particularly Martha Graham's work.[56]

In accordance with Disney's preference for a different style for each film and the directors' and production designer's artistic vision, the multi-departmental animation team[30] was instructed to reconstruct the characters so they were slightly different in tone and style from Frozen. They differed in "very subtle ways", with a "through line from the first movie to the second".[59] As well as making the Enchanted Forest vegetation autumnal, the effects team applied two internally developed applications (Vegetation Asset and Fire Tree) to enhance the film's vegetation and fire animation.[61] Lighting and special effects were applied to glacial ice, spirit magic, and memory.[62]

The first step for the animation team was to study the screenplay and understand the characters. Blocking (creating key poses) was next, followed by CGI and layout.[57][63] Effects were proposed for layout before animation process to choreograph the dam-collapse scene.[64] Although Frozen's greatest difficulty for Frozen was the winter snow, Frozen 2 is set in fall; its main challenge was how to consistently depict the wind and "pass that downstream".[57][63]

Frozen 2's animation software was influenced by the software in several other Disney films. Anna's hair was animated with Quicksilver, developed for Moana (2016) to deal with wind; for Elsa's hair, the lighting software Beast was used. A vocal coach instructed the animators on how a singer would breathe.[65] The animators then spent about eight months creating Nøkk, which has a liquid appearance, with effects supervised by Erin Ramos. Jötunns had a long rigging process to avoid making rocks distracting.[30] The water simulation was intended to be more realistic than in Moana.[66] To create Gale, the wind spirit, a tool called Swoop was developed. They later received real-time feedback from the supervisors, directors, and producer.[67][68]

Music

Main article: Frozen 2 (soundtrack)
Kristen and Bobby Lopez during an interview, seen from the side
A bearded, smiling, bespectacled Christophe Beck in a plaid shirt
Songwriters Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez in 2019, and composer Christophe Beck in 2012

Lopez and Anderson-Lopez returned from Frozen to write songs for the sequel, and Christophe Beck returned as composer.[69] The soundtrack album was released on November 15, 2019,[70] after the release of Panic! at the Disco's version of one of the film's songs, "Into the Unknown".[71] The seven-song album also contains a remix of "Reindeer(s) Are Better Than People" from Frozen.[72]

Beck said that the score conveys Elsa and Anna's emotional growth, "matured and introduc[ing] more sophisticated musical concepts and thematic elements". He wanted it to reflect the film's complex, intense imagery.[72] Anderson-Lopez described the album's theme as a "meta-story". Although Harding sent a camera crew to the Lopez home in Brooklyn to document their songwriting and composing,[73] the composers found the crew intrusive and did most of their work off-camera.[74]

Thematic analysis

A reindeer grazing on autumn vegetation
Reindeer have been venerated by the Sámi people, who consider them symbolic of Sámi strength and identity.

The indigenous Sámi people were historically associated with reindeer, and identified with the animals' strength. Trude Fonneland wrote that a female divinity emphasized female contributions with themes including unity, courage, hope, friendship, and truth.[75][76][77] Elsa attempted to send Anna away because she was concerned about her sister's safety.[78][79]

In animation, female characters embody female images as a whole. The film's female characters are emotionally diverse, motivated by social status and awakening of feminism. The elegant, noble Elsa wants to be free and live a normal life, and Anna is dreamy, cheerful and enthusiastic; both acted to defend their kingdom from danger.[80]

Frozen 2 has been interpreted as a critique of colonialism and as advocating reparation.[5][81][82] Before Elsa and Anna were born, their grandfather King Runeard built a dam for the Northuldra tribe. Ostensibly a gift, the dam weakens the tribe's magical power. Runeard's plot fails after he murders the leader of Northuldra and war breaks out. The forest spirits which preside over Northuldra shroud it in an impenetrable mist, preventing anyone from leaving or entering.[5][82] The Northuldra are modeled on the Sámi people, indigenous to Scandinavia and northwestern Russia, who experienced discrimination as pagans reputed to be skilled in magic and witchcraft. In 1609, King Christian IV of Denmark wrote that the Sámi were adept at magic, and no mercy should be granted in cases involving Sámi sorcery. Nordic missionaries confiscated or destroyed religious items and sites and built churches to supplant Sámi shamanism.[5][83]

A white dam, built between two bodies of vegetation
A subplot in which a dam is built on tribal land by King Runeard alludes to Norway's controversial Virdnejávr Dam.

The Northuldra dam reflects Sámi history. A hydroelectric power station was built on the Altaelva river in Norway from 1979 to 1981; the controversial Virdnejávr Dam flooded a Sámi village, disrupting traditional hunting and herding.[84] Slate critic Inkoo Kang said that although Frozen 2 was obviously influenced by Sámi history, the Northuldra may also be interpreted as representing displaced Native Americans; Arendelle can be seen as representing the United States' colonial past, evocative of the embellished life of Pocahontas.[5] The Northuldra are presented in an appealing way, romanticized as a people with magical power who live in harmony with the spiritual and physical worlds.[85] The film shows the map of the parent's fateful voyage dated 1860.

While Elsa attempts to find out who was calling her, Anna destroys the dam to make amends to the Northuldra for Arendelle's mistakes. Elsa's last-minute intervention prevents the destruction of the kingdom, but Anna destroys the dam in the belief that Elsa is dead. According to Kang, the film promotes reparations for past atrocities.[5] Matt Goldberg wrote that the symbolism of the film's ending is undercut by having Elsa save Arendelle, instead of rebuilding the kingdom elsewhere.[82]

Racial issues in Frozen 2 are mitigated by making Elsa and Anna half Northuldran, and their mother is depicted as a heroine who saved their father (King Agnarr) from death during the battle.[5][86]

Jennifer Baldwin described Frozen 2 as a film about trauma, transformation, and faith communities' more-active role in environmental repair.[87] Environmental trauma is caused by the dam, which weakens the elemental spirits. Olaf describes the forest as a place of transformation, including venturing into the unknown, befriending the spirits and the indigenous Northuldra, and confronting trauma. Elsa gains the trust of the spirits, each leading her closer to the truth and her transformation into one of the elements. Anna employs the giants (symbolic of the earth) to break the dam (symbolic of trauma and mistrust) and gains her own strength, independent of her relationship with Elsa. According to Baldwin, this encourages the audience to adopt more sustainable practices, make amends, and work together to preserve the natural world.[81] The film can introduce young children to environmental issues, such as climate change.[88]

Sociologist Lauren Dundes describes Elsa's relationship with the mythological horse Nøkk and concludes that "her skills as a horse whisperer do not threaten men's ascendancy [...] These themes show how Disney balked at modernizing Elsa, retreating to outdated conceptions of gender roles".[89] Nia Kurniawati wrote that Frozen 2's feminist message was subtle and realistic.[90]

Marketing and release

Disney released the first trailer for Frozen 2 on February 13, 2019.[91] Viewed 116.4 million times in its first 24 hours, it was the most-watched animated film trailer until the teaser of Inside Out 2 (2024) surpassed that record in November 2023.[92][93] At the release of the preview poster, American astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson commented that "water crystals have hexagonal 'six-fold' symmetry" (shown correctly in Frozen) but the poster had a four-sided snowflake.[94] Lee replied that it was not really a snowflake; the four sides represented the four elemental spirits and its center represented Elsa, the fifth spirit.[95][96] Disney partnered with 140 other brands worldwide to promote Frozen 2, the highest number of brands for a Disney animated film. They marketed Frozen 2 in the U.S. through internal and external partners, including Enterprise Rent-A-Car, McDonald's, and Lego.[97] To support the film's marketing campaign, the lead voice cast made several public and televised appearances; these included a "Friendsgiving" stunt night on ABC, introductions on The Masked Singer, and a Women of Impact program on Nat Geo Wild.[98] In November 2019, the lead voice cast's schedules were so full that Bell said: "Time [was] not there".[99]

The 103-minute film Frozen 2 premiered on November 7, 2019, at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles.[100][101] It was initially scheduled for release on November 27,[102] but was moved up five days.[103] On January 17, 2020, a sing-along version of Frozen 2 was released.[104] It was localized by Disney Character Voices International into 45 languages by its original theatrical release date;[105] Frozen had been translated into 41 languages.[106] The success of Frozen's localized versions led to the release of an album with all versions of "Let It Go",[107] and Jikŋon 2 (a Northern Sami version) was released to honor the people's contributions.[108]

Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released Frozen 2 for digital download on February 11, 2020, and on Blu-ray and DVD on February 25.[109] At the same time, a 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray, Ultimate Collector's Edition, and 4KUHD Blu-ray steelbook edition was released.[110] Special features include a sing-along audio recording of the film, a presentation of the Nordic mythology on which the Enchanted Forest is based,[111] musical clips, and 29 translated versions of "Into the Unknown", as well as deleted music and scenes.[112] The film, initially scheduled to premiere on Disney+ on June 26, 2020, was moved up to March 15 in the United States and March 17 in Canada, the Netherlands, Australia, and New Zealand due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[113][114]

Documentary series

Main article: Into the Unknown: Making Frozen 2

Megan Harding (who had directed a 2014 making-of ABC television special about Frozen) reached out to Disney Animation about documenting the production of Frozen 2; with the company's cooperation, Harding, working with Lincoln Square Productions, commuted from New York City to Burbank, California and shot 1,300 hours of footage in 115 days between December 2018 and the November 2019 world premiere.[74] She edited the footage[115] down to six episodes, about 35 to 45 minutes long.[74] Disney Animation knew that Harding intended to take a "fearless" and "honest look" at the filmmaking process; her crew was asked to leave only once,[73] when the production team wanted to decide the mysterious voice's identity.[50] The documentary series, Into the Unknown: Making Frozen 2, was released on June 26, 2020.[74]

Reception

Box office

Frozen 2 grossed $477.4 million in the United States and Canada and $976.3 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $1.453 billion.[32] It was the third-highest-grossing film of 2019,[116] the tenth-highest-grossing film of all time,[117] and the second-highest-grossing animated film of all time.[118] On December 15, 2019, Frozen 2 passed the $1 billion mark at the global box office.[119] Deadline Hollywood calculated the film's net profit as $599 million, accounting for production budgets, marketing, talent participations, and other costs; box office grosses and home media revenues placed it second on their list of 2019's "Most Valuable Blockbusters".[120] According to Disney (who did not consіder the 2019 Lion King remake an anіmated fіlm but a live-action reboot), Frozen 2 was the hіghest-grossing anіmated fіlm (surpassing Frozen) at that time.[121] Frozen 2's box-office success was attributed to its release date near Thanksgiving. According to Comscore analyst Paul Dergarabedian, the film was "perfectly positioned to play well into 2020."[122]

Frozen 2 was released with A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood and 21 Bridges on November 22, 2019, in 4,440 theaters:[123] 2,500 in 3D, 800 in the premium large format (including 400 in IMAX), and 235 in D-Box/4DX.[124] It grossed $41.8 million on its first day,[125] including $8.5 million from Thursday night previews.[123] The film debuted grossing $130 million, the highest opening for an animated film that month.[126] Frozen 2 primarily drew a mostly female audience and approximately 70 percent of the viewers were families.[127] Its second weekend grosses dropped by 34 percent to $85.6 million (with a record $125 million over the five-day Thanksgiving weekend)[128] and followed by another $34.7 million the third weekend.[129] By December 29, the film's domestic grosses topped $400 million.[130] Frozen 2 left theaters by March 19, 2020, making it the fourth highest-grossing film of 2019 in the United States and Canada,[131] at which point the film industry became significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.[132][133]

Worldwide, Frozen 2 grossed $228.2 million in its opening weekend in 37 markets, for a global debut total of $358.5 million. This surpassed the 2019 remake of The Lion King to become the highest-grossing film for an animated title until The Super Mario Bros. Movie (2023) took over. It had the best all-time opening of an animated film in the United Kingdom ($17.8 million) and France ($13.4 million); the biggest start for a Pixar or Disney Animation title in China ($53 million), Japan ($18.2 million), Germany ($14.9 million) and Spain ($5.8 million), and the third-biggest opening of any film in South Korea ($31.5 million).[127][134][135] The film grossed $11.4 million in its second week in the United Kingdom, bringing its total gross there to $35.3 million.[136] By January 5, 2020, the film's offshore gross had exceeded $875.3 million.[137] As of July 2021, its top international markets were Japan ($122.6 million), China ($122.3 million), South Korea ($95.5 million), the United Kingdom ($69.7 million), Germany ($60.6 million), and France ($53.9 million).[32]

Critical response

Frozen 2 received generally positive reviews.[138][139][140] It has an approval rating of 77% based on 336 professional reviews on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, with an average rating of 6.7/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Frozen II can't quite recapture the showstopping feel of its predecessor, but it remains a dazzling adventure into the unknown."[141][142] Metacritic (which uses a weighted average) assigned Frozen 2 a score of 64 out of 100 score based on 47 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[143][144] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of A− (lower than Frozen's A+) on an A+ to F scale,[145] and PostTrak rated it 4.5 out of five stars on the film's opening day.[123]

Frozen II continues in the same nonthreatening, emancipatory vein, jumping to life when Elsa responds to the siren's call. As before, the songs by Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez are pleasantly melodious with lyrics that can have the quality of a confession, as if a friend were sharing her inner-voice struggles.

Manohla Dargis, The New York Times[146]

Critics praised Frozen 2's craftsmanship, delivery, and themes.[d] The New York Times critic Manohla Dargis called the narrative a "pink world of adventure and aspirational uplift", and Nell Minow of RogerEbert.com noted its frank, compelling depiction of issues which were understandable by audiences of all ages. Dargis cited Frozen 2's engaging visual imagery, balanced by romance and history, and Minow noted the film's autumnal palette.[31][146] Peter Travers (Rolling Stone), Simran Hans (The Guardian), and Todd McCarthy (The Hollywood Reporter) praised the film. Travers, who enjoyed reconnecting with the characters, called the animation stunning and referred to the music as "tantalizing earworms". Hans compared the film's narrative to real-world efforts to mitigate climate change. McCarthy praised its "catchy songs", "easy-to-like characters", and "astonishing backdrops", with humor and a plot driven by "female empowerment galore".[147][148][149]

Frozen 2's narrative, music, and focus were criticized.[e] In The Wall Street Journal, John Anderson noted that the sequel was not innovative and criticized the film's flawed narrative and low-quality music in comparison with Frozen.[150] In an Empire review, Ben Travis said that the narrative relied too much on mythology and hazy backstories.[152] Minow criticized the film's excessively detailed narrative,[31] and Observer writer Oliver Jones said that the film's energy and originality were overly focused on the sisters.[151] Reviewers for the Los Angeles Times and The Washington Post cited Frozen 2's complicated story and dark tone.[160]

Accolades

Main article: List of accolades received by Frozen 2

At the 92nd Academy Awards, Frozen 2 received a nomination for Best Original Song.[161] The film's other nominations include eight Annie Awards (winning two),[162] a British Academy Film Award,[163] two Critics' Choice Movie Awards,[164] and two Golden Globe Awards.[165]

Sequels

Frozen 2 will be followed by Frozen 3 (2027).[166] A fourth film is in development as of 2023.[167]

Notes

  1. ^ Distributed under the Walt Disney Pictures banner.
  2. ^ a b As depicted in Frozen (2013)
  3. ^ As depicted in Frozen Fever (2015)
  4. ^ Attributed to multiple references:[31][146][147][148][149]
  5. ^ Attributed to multiple references:[150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159]

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b Crow, David (December 1, 2019). "Frozen 2 Ending Explained". Den of Geek. Archived from the original on January 17, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
  2. ^ a b c Paredes, Andrew (November 23, 2019). "Review: Parents, Frozen II has a new song that will push you to the brink of despair". News.ABS-CBN.com. Archived from the original on January 17, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c Idelson, Karen (November 4, 2019). "Frozen II: The Return of Elsa and Anna". Animation Magazine. Archived from the original on November 28, 2019. Retrieved November 28, 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Frozen II (2019) Cast and Crew". Moviefone. Archived from the original on February 22, 2021. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Kang, Inkoo (November 21, 2019). "Frozen II's Bizarre Storyline About Reparations, Explained". Slate. Archived from the original on September 6, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  6. ^ Romano, Nick (September 9, 2020). "New Olaf short film for Disney+ will tell 'the untold origins' of Frozen snowman". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on January 16, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2022.
  7. ^ Noveck, Jocelyn (November 15, 2019). "Review: An evolved iceman? Kristoff steps up in Frozen 2". ABC News. Archived from the original on January 17, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
  8. ^ Robinson, Joanna (November 15, 2019). "Frozen II: The Story Behind Jonathan Groff's Surprising '80s Ballad". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on January 17, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2022.
  9. ^ a b Hurtado, Alexandra (November 22, 2019). "Frozen 2: Pictures and Details from the Epic Sequel Promising New Adventure". Parade. Archived from the original on January 17, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
  10. ^ Rosario, Alexandra Del (August 29, 2019). "Frozen 2: Meet the Actors Behind the Chilly Sequel's Characters". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on January 17, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2022.
  11. ^ Russian, Ale (November 20, 2019). "Evan Rachel Wood Says Her Frozen 2 Audition Received a Standing Ovation: Plus 'They Cried'". People. Archived from the original on January 18, 2022. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
  12. ^ D'Zurilla, Christie (August 10, 2021). "Alfred Molina, Jennifer Lee wed in garden ceremony officiated by Frozen matchmaker". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 18, 2022. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
  13. ^ Satia, Priya (December 5, 2019). "Frozen II isn't just a cartoon. It's a brilliant critique of imperialism". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 18, 2022. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
  14. ^ Marshall, Emily Zobel (December 18, 2019). "Frozen 2's postcolonial plotline: is it all a bit of a charade?". The Conversation. Archived from the original on January 18, 2022. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
  15. ^ Saad, Nardine (June 11, 2019). "Frozen 2 trailer: 7 things we learned about Elsa and Anna's new adventure". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 18, 2022. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
  16. ^ Militar, Francesca (May 14, 2020). "A Frozen 2 scene is making babies cry–and moms are posting videos of it online". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on January 18, 2022. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
  17. ^ Robinson, Tasha (November 22, 2019). "Frozen 2's post-credits scene is a cute gag with creepy implications". Polygon. Archived from the original on January 18, 2022. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
  18. ^ Lee, Hyo-Won (March 31, 2014). "Frozen Producer Talks Franchise Rumors, Disney Strategy, Bizarre Popularity in South Korea (Q&A)". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on February 25, 2022. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
  19. ^ Erlichman, Jon (April 22, 2014). Frozen Is a 'Gigantic' Success: Disney's Horn. Bloomberg. Event occurs at 00:55. Archived from the original (Video) on May 8, 2014. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
  20. ^ Rosen, Christopher (April 23, 2014). "Frozen Sequel Not In Development Just Yet". HuffPost. Archived from the original on February 25, 2022. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
  21. ^ Faber, David (May 7, 2014). "CNBC Exclusive: CNBC Transcript: Disney Chairman & CEO Bob Iger Speaks with CNBC's David Faber on Squawk on the Street Today". CNBC. Archived from the original on May 8, 2014. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  22. ^ Flores, Terry (June 10, 2014). "Frozen's Jennifer Lee Melts Glass Ceilings". Variety. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
  23. ^ a b c d Weintraub, Steve (November 29, 2019). "Frozen 2 Filmmakers on Making the First Disney Musical Sequel". Collider. Archived from the original on February 7, 2021. Retrieved November 29, 2019.
  24. ^ Pond, Steve (December 20, 2019). "How Frozen II Filmmakers Handled 'That Pressure' to Follow a Blockbuster: 'We Made a Pact'". TheWrap. p. 31. Archived from the original on December 25, 2019. Retrieved December 25, 2019.
  25. ^ a b "2015 Meeting of Shareholders" (PDF). The Walt Disney Company. March 12, 2015. p. 12. Archived from the original (Transcript) on May 13, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  26. ^ Graser, Marc (March 12, 2015). "Disney Announces Frozen 2". Variety. Archived from the original on March 12, 2015. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
  27. ^ Chichizola, Corey (October 24, 2017). "Kristen Bell tells us about Frozen 2, teases some new characters". CinemaBlend. Archived from the original on October 27, 2017. Retrieved October 27, 2017.
  28. ^ Wilkins 2019, p. 76.
  29. ^ Galuppo, Mia (August 23, 2018). "Hidden Figures Writer Allison Schroeder Joins Frozen 2 (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on August 24, 2018. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
  30. ^ a b c "Frozen 2 Press Kit" (PDF). Walt Disney Studios. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 15, 2019. Retrieved November 14, 2019.
  31. ^ a b c d Minow, Nell (November 22, 2019). "Frozen II". RogerEbert.com. Archived from the original on March 22, 2021. Retrieved August 22, 2021.
  32. ^ a b c "Frozen II". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 19, 2023.
  33. ^ Derschowitz, Jessica (July 5, 2017). "Frozen 2: Jonathan Groff gives update on sequel". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on October 3, 2017. Retrieved October 3, 2017.
  34. ^ Woo, Kelly (July 5, 2017). "Jonathan Groff Gives a Frozen 2 Update". Moviefone. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021. Retrieved July 24, 2021.
  35. ^ Masley, Ed (September 4, 2017). "Idina Menzel on touring, Frozen 2 and how her 7-year-old son feels about it all". The Arizona Republic. Archived from the original on August 26, 2021. Retrieved October 3, 2017.
  36. ^ Osborn, Alex (September 28, 2017). "Josh Gad is back in the studio for Frozen 2". IGN. Archived from the original on September 28, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
  37. ^ Trumbore, Dave (September 28, 2017). "Frozen 2 Cast Starts Recording with Josh Gad Returning as Olaf". Collider. Archived from the original on September 28, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
  38. ^ Kroll, Justin (July 13, 2018). "Frozen 2: Evan Rachel Wood, Sterling K. Brown in Talks for Sequel (Exclusive)". Variety. Archived from the original on July 13, 2018. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
  39. ^ a b Grobar, Matt (December 16, 2019). "Frozen 2 Songwriters Kristen Anderson-Lopez & Robert Lopez Mature Disney Characters With Seven New Original Songs". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on December 17, 2019. Retrieved December 17, 2019.
  40. ^ Nyren, Erin (November 12, 2019). "Sterling K. Brown on the Importance of Seeing a Person of Color in Frozen II's Arendelle". Variety. Archived from the original on November 12, 2019. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  41. ^ Saad, Nardine (September 23, 2019). "Is that you, Anna and Elsa? Frozen 2 trailer suggests a Marvel-style tale". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 23, 2019. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
  42. ^ Cohn, Gabe (November 29, 2019). "How to Follow Up Frozen? With Melancholy and a Power Ballad". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 30, 2019. Retrieved November 30, 2019.
  43. ^ Lang, Jamie (June 14, 2019). "Disney Debuts Frozen 2 Scenes and Story Details at Annecy". Variety. Archived from the original on March 2, 2021. Retrieved August 10, 2021.
  44. ^ Hazelton, John (December 26, 2019). "How the Frozen II filmmakers dealt with the pressure: 'we built it very honestly, from character out'". Screen Daily. Archived from the original on December 26, 2019. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
  45. ^ Richford, Rhonda (June 14, 2019). "Disney Reveals First Footage of Frozen 2 in Annecy". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on June 14, 2019. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
  46. ^ Last, John (November 23, 2019). "Hollywood gets Indigenous consultation right in Frozen 2, Sami experts say". CBC News. Archived from the original on February 7, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2019.
  47. ^ Schwartz, Terri (August 25, 2019). "Why Frozen 2 Won't Give Elsa a Love Interest". IGN. Archived from the original on August 27, 2019. Retrieved September 24, 2019.
  48. ^ Dowd, Maureen (November 7, 2019). "Jennifer Lee, Queen of the Frozen Franchise". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 25, 2019. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
  49. ^ Marshall, Andrew (September 30, 2019). "Frozen 2: Once Upon A Time's Frozen Season Isn't Canon". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
  50. ^ a b c Romano, Nick (June 27, 2020). "The heartbreaking story behind a Frozen 2 character and other moments from Into the Unknown". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 28, 2020. Retrieved June 28, 2020.
  51. ^ Ford, Rebecca (November 27, 2019). "Frozen II Songwriters on Creating New Music Magic for Anna and Elsa". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on November 29, 2019. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
  52. ^ Giardina, Carolyn (August 31, 2020). "Animation Editors Weigh Pros and Cons of Working From Home". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2021.
  53. ^ a b Bryant, Taylor (November 18, 2019). "Costume design for animated movies is ridiculously difficult. The team behind Frozen 2 explains why". Vox. Archived from the original on March 1, 2021. Retrieved September 1, 2021.
  54. ^ Liu, Wright & Alvarado 2020, p. 1.
  55. ^ Kessler, Ryan (November 21, 2019). "Frozen 2 features animation from Humboldt, Sask. artist". Global News. Archived from the original on November 23, 2019. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
  56. ^ a b c Mithaiwala, Mansoor (September 30, 2019). "Frozen 2 Interview: Heads Of Animation & Story". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on November 28, 2019. Retrieved November 28, 2019.
  57. ^ a b c Sarto, Dan (November 22, 2019). "Journeying Into the Unknown Effects of Frozen 2". Animation World Network. Archived from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2021.
  58. ^ Debruge, Peter (November 14, 2019). "Frozen 2: Film Review". Variety. Archived from the original on April 5, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2021.
  59. ^ a b Romanello, Limda. "Animation: Disney's Frozen 2". Post Magazine. No. September/October 2019. Archived from the original on September 3, 2021. Retrieved September 4, 2021.
  60. ^ Alexander, Bryan (February 3, 2020). "Exclusive: Watch Olaf sing 'Unmeltable Me', the hilariously hot song cut from Frozen 2". USA Today. Archived from the original on February 3, 2020. Retrieved February 3, 2020.
  61. ^ Moses et al. 2020, p. 1.
  62. ^ Sathe et al. 2020, p. 1.
  63. ^ a b Gelfand, Ilana (November 7, 2019). "A Behind-the-Scenes Look into the Animation of Frozen 2". The Walt Disney Company. Archived from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved September 1, 2021.
  64. ^ Tollec et al. 2020, p. 1.
  65. ^ Snyder, Chris; Phillips, Ian (December 6, 2019). "How Disney's animation evolved from Frozen to Frozen 2". Insider. Archived from the original on September 4, 2021. Retrieved September 1, 2021.
  66. ^ Mithaiwala, Mansoor (September 30, 2019). "Frozen 2 Interview: Animators On The Enchanted Forest & Dark Sea". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on October 2, 2019. Retrieved August 10, 2021.
  67. ^ Desowitz, Bill (November 19, 2019). "Frozen 2: How Disney Swooped 'Into the Unknown' With New Tech and Social Engineering". IndieWire. Archived from the original on November 20, 2019. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
  68. ^ Pearason, Ben (November 5, 2019). "Frozen II Filmmakers on How Anna Has 'Everything to Lose' in the Sequel [Interview]". /Film. Archived from the original on November 5, 2019. Retrieved August 10, 2021.
  69. ^ Iasimone, Ashley (September 30, 2019). "Frozen 2 Soundtrack Features Seven New Songs, End-Credits Cuts From Kacey Musgraves & Weezer". Billboard. Archived from the original on September 30, 2019. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  70. ^ Snetiker, Marc (November 15, 2019). "Frozen 2 soundtrack drops a week before movie release". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on February 20, 2021. Retrieved February 20, 2021.
  71. ^ Zemler, Emily (November 5, 2019). "Hear Panic! at the Disco's Frozen 2 Song 'Into the Unknown'". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on November 5, 2019. Retrieved August 10, 2021.
  72. ^ a b Shaffer, Claire (September 30, 2019). "Frozen 2 Soundtrack to Feature Kacey Musgraves, Panic! at the Disco, Weezer". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021. Retrieved August 11, 2021.
  73. ^ a b Taylor, Drew (June 26, 2020). "Into the Unknown Director Megan Harding on Documenting the Making of Frozen 2". Collider. Archived from the original on February 7, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2020.
  74. ^ a b c d Davis, Victoria (June 26, 2020). "Into the Unknown: Making Frozen 2 Documentary Arrives on Disney+". Animation World Network. Archived from the original on June 29, 2020. Retrieved June 28, 2020.
  75. ^ Fonneland 2020, p. 3–4.
  76. ^ Martens, Todd (December 2, 2019). "How Frozen 2 gets more adult and more political with each viewing". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on April 14, 2021. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
  77. ^ March 2019, p. 57.
  78. ^ VanDenburgh, Barbara (November 20, 2019). "Elsa ventures into the unknown in Disney's pretty but messy Frozen II". The Arizona Republic. Archived from the original on August 26, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2021.
  79. ^ Roeper, Richard (November 20, 2019). "Beautifully animated Frozen 2 mostly as magical as the original". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved August 25, 2021.
  80. ^ Jiang & Hun Chung 2021, p. 3.
  81. ^ a b Baldwin 2020, p. 61.
  82. ^ a b c Goldberg, Matt (March 15, 2020). "The Ending of Frozen II Whiffs on What Would Have Been a Powerful Conclusion". Collider. Archived from the original on September 4, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  83. ^ Fonneland 2020, p. 3.
  84. ^ Fonneland 2020, p. 7.
  85. ^ Fonneland 2020, pp. 4, 6, 8.
  86. ^ Fonneland 2020, p. 5.
  87. ^ Baldwin 2020, p. 60.
  88. ^ Midkiff & Austin 2021, p. 1.
  89. ^ Dundes 2020, p. 1.
  90. ^ Kurniawati 2020, p. 1.
  91. ^ Evans, Greg (February 13, 2019). "Frozen 2 Teaser: Disney Unveils First Look At Sequel". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on February 14, 2019. Retrieved February 13, 2019.
  92. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (February 14, 2019). "Frozen 2 On Fire: Most-Watched Animated Film Trailer Of All Time". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on February 15, 2019. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  93. ^ Shanfeld, Ethan (November 10, 2023). "Inside Out 2 Makes Disney History as Studio's Biggest Animated Trailer Launch". Variety. Archived from the original on November 10, 2023. Retrieved November 10, 2023.
  94. ^ Palus, Shannon (July 24, 2019). "How to Scientifically Fact-Check a Work of Fiction Without Looking Like a Jerk". Slate. Archived from the original on April 12, 2021. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
  95. ^ Shaw-Williams, Hannah (November 23, 2019). "Frozen 2's Ending & The Fifth Spirit Explained". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on November 27, 2019. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
  96. ^ Ridgely, Charlie (July 26, 2019). "Frozen 2 Director Teases Secrets Hidden in the Poster". ComicBook.com. Archived from the original on July 27, 2019. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
  97. ^ Pasquarelli, Adrianne (November 12, 2019). "With Disney's Frozen 2 Heating Up, These Brands Are In Luck". Ad Age. Archived from the original on November 14, 2019. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
  98. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (November 24, 2019). "How Disney Turned Frozen 2 Into Biggest Global Toon Debut Of All-Time With $350M+, November Animated Pic U.S. Record $130M". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on November 23, 2019. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
  99. ^ Weintraub, Steve (November 25, 2019). "Kristen Bell Talks Frozen 2, Deleted Songs, and Which Character Blew Her Mind in the Sequel". Collider. Archived from the original on November 27, 2019. Retrieved November 26, 2019.
  100. ^ "Frozen II". British Board of Film Classification. Archived from the original on February 23, 2021. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
  101. ^ Kent, Clarkisha (November 7, 2019). "Watch the Frozen 2 world premiere red carpet live stream". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on November 8, 2019. Retrieved November 8, 2019.
  102. ^ McClintock, Pamela (April 25, 2017). "Star Wars: Episode IX Sets Summer 2019 Release Date". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on April 26, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
  103. ^ Rubin, Rebecca (November 1, 2018). "Frozen 2 Release Date Moves Up a Week". Variety. Archived from the original on November 1, 2018. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  104. ^ Evangelista, Chris (January 10, 2020). "Frozen II Sing-Along Screenings Arriving Next Week". /Film. Archived from the original on January 11, 2020. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
  105. ^ Evangelista, Chris (December 14, 2019). "Want to Hear 'Into the Unknown' From Frozen II Performed in 29 Languages?". /Film. Archived from the original on August 12, 2020. Retrieved July 24, 2021.
  106. ^ Keegan, Rebecca (January 24, 2014). "Frozen: Finding a diva in 41 languages". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved July 24, 2021.
  107. ^ "'Let It Go': A Global Hit In Any Language". NPR. February 24, 2014. Archived from the original on March 11, 2021. Retrieved July 24, 2021.
  108. ^ Milligan, Mercedes (July 19, 2019). "Frozen 2 Will Get Sámi Language Version". Animation Magazine. Archived from the original on July 20, 2019. Retrieved July 20, 2019.
  109. ^ Boone, John (January 20, 2020). "Kristen Bell and Jonathan Groff Sing 'I Want to Get This Right' in Frozen 2 Deleted Scene (Exclusive)". Entertainment Tonight. Archived from the original on January 21, 2020. Retrieved January 20, 2020.
  110. ^ Heller, Emily (February 25, 2020). "Which edition of Frozen 2 should you buy?". Polygon. Archived from the original on March 8, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  111. ^ Elfring, Mat; Sitze, Jenae (February 25, 2020). "Disney's Frozen 2 Out Now On Blu-ray, DVD, Digital: Special Features And Exclusive Editions". GameSpot. Archived from the original on March 6, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  112. ^ Chitwood, Adam (January 21, 2020). "Frozen II Digital and Blu-ray Release Date, Bonus Features Revealed". Collider. Archived from the original on January 22, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  113. ^ Beresford, Trilby; Jarvey, Natlie (March 13, 2020). "Frozen 2 to Debut On Disney+ Months Earlier Than Planned". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on March 14, 2020. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
  114. ^ Haring, Bruce (March 13, 2020). "Frozen 2 Gets An Earlier-Than-Expected Release On Disney+ To Keep The Kids Amused". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on March 14, 2020. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
  115. ^ Lussier, Germain (July 14, 2020). "How the Frozen 2 Documentary Shows Us More Disney Drama Than We're Used To". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on August 1, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2021.
  116. ^ "2019 Worldwide Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on April 25, 2020. Retrieved January 8, 2024.
  117. ^ Jackson, Josh; Paste Movies Staff (August 11, 2021). "The Top 20 Highest-Grossing Movies of All Time Worldwide". Paste. Archived from the original on January 23, 2022. Retrieved January 23, 2022.
  118. ^ Verhoeven, Beatrice; Robinson, Cassidy (May 9, 2020). "30 Highest Grossing Animated Movies of All Time Worldwide". TheWrap. Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
  119. ^ Rubin, Rebecca (December 15, 2019). "Frozen 2 Sets Record as Disney's Sixth Movie to Hit $1 Billion in 2019". Variety. Archived from the original on October 20, 2021. Retrieved October 20, 2021.
  120. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (April 23, 2020). "Frozen 2 Skates Away With Near $600M Profit: No. 2 In Deadline's 2019 Most Valuable Blockbuster Tournament". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 25, 2020. Retrieved April 23, 2020.
  121. ^ Rubin, Rebecca (January 5, 2020). "Frozen 2 Is Now the Highest-Grossing Animated Movie Ever". Variety. Archived from the original on January 6, 2020. Retrieved January 6, 2020.
  122. ^ Sonaiya, Kelley (November 24, 2019). "Frozen 2 eclipses box office expectations, setting records". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on May 4, 2021. Retrieved September 30, 2021.
  123. ^ a b c Welk, Brian (November 22, 2019). "Frozen II Skates to $8.5 Million at Thursday Box Office". TheWrap. Archived from the original on November 23, 2019. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
  124. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (November 24, 2019). "Frozen 2 Heating Up Frigid B.O. Marketplace With $130M-$140M, Best Opening For November Animated Pic". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on November 23, 2019. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
  125. ^ Mendelson, Scott (November 23, 2019). "Box Office: Frozen 2 $42 Million Friday Signals The Death Of The Breakout Sequel". Forbes. Archived from the original on August 19, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  126. ^ Rubin, Rebecca (November 24, 2019). "Box Office: Frozen 2 Dazzles With $130 Million Debut". Variety. Archived from the original on August 19, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  127. ^ a b McClintock, Pamela (November 24, 2019). "Box Office: Frozen 2 Opens to Fiery $130M in U.S., Record $358M Globally". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on November 24, 2019. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
  128. ^ Mendelson, Scott (December 2, 2019). "Box Office: Frozen 2 Had One Of The Smallest Second-Weekend Drops Ever For A $100 Million-Plus Debut". Forbes. Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  129. ^ McClintock, Pamela (December 8, 2019). "Box Office: Playmobil Bombs With $668K, Frozen 2 Stays No. 1 With $35M". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  130. ^ Edwards, Chris (December 29, 2019). "Frozen 2 has overtaken the original film's box office total". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on October 20, 2021. Retrieved October 20, 2021.
  131. ^ "Domestic Box Office For 2019". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Archived from the original on December 20, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
  132. ^ "Domestic Box Office For Mar 19, 2020". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  133. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (March 19, 2020). "Disney Suspends Global Weekend Box Office Reporting; Don't Expect A Top 10 Chart For A While". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  134. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (April 8, 2023). "Super Mario Bros Hits High Scores: Record Opening For Animated Pic At $377M+ WW, 5-Day U.S. Record $204M+; Air Soars To $20M – Sunday Box Office Update". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 7, 2023. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  135. ^ Tartaglione, Nancy (November 25, 2019). "Frozen 2 Even Hotter With $358M+ Global Bow; Biggest Animated Opening Ever WW & Overseas – International Box Office". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on March 30, 2021. Retrieved July 14, 2021.
  136. ^ Dalton, Ben (December 2, 2019). "Frozen II tops UK box office again as Knives Out opens second, Blue Story holds well". Screen Daily. Archived from the original on December 2, 2019. Retrieved December 2, 2019.
  137. ^ Tartaglione, Nancy (January 5, 2020). "Star Wars: The Rise Of Skywalker Elevates To $919M Global; Jumanji Swings Past $600M WW – International Box Office". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on October 20, 2021. Retrieved October 20, 2021.
  138. ^ Harris, LaTesha (November 14, 2019). "Frozen II Reviews: What the Critics Are Saying". Variety. Archived from the original on June 27, 2022. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
  139. ^ Eggertsen, Chris (November 24, 2019). "Studio Weekend Estimates: Frozen II Breaks Animated November Record w/ $127M Domestic and $350M Global; A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood Brings in Healthy $13.5M". Boxoffice Pro. Archived from the original on July 30, 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
  140. ^ Murrian, Samuel R. (January 16, 2021). "We Ranked the 51 Best Animated Movies of All Time, From Snow White to Soul". Parade. Archived from the original on September 17, 2021. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
  141. ^ "Frozen II". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved June 12, 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  142. ^ "Frozen (2013)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved June 4, 2023. Edit this at Wikidata
  143. ^ "Frozen II". Metacritic. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
  144. ^ "Frozen". Metacritic. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
  145. ^ Manfredi, Lucas (November 24, 2022). "Strange World CinemaScore Might Be the Lowest Ever For a Walt Disney Animation Studio Film". TheWrap. Archived from the original on November 25, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  146. ^ a b c Dargis, Manohla (November 21, 2019). "Frozen 2 Review: The Cold Still Never Bothers Them". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 24, 2019. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
  147. ^ a b Travers, Peter (November 20, 2019). "Frozen II Review: Disney Sequel Is a Frosty, Fun Follow-Up". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on June 11, 2021. Retrieved August 22, 2021.
  148. ^ a b McCarthy, Todd (November 14, 2019). "Frozen 2: Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on December 3, 2019. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
  149. ^ a b Hans, Simran (November 23, 2019). "Frozen II review – magical journey into the unknown with Elsa and Anna". The Guardian. Archived from the original on December 20, 2020. Retrieved February 18, 2021.
  150. ^ a b Anderson, John (November 21, 2019). "Frozen 2 Review: A Franchise Cools Off". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  151. ^ a b Oliver, Jones (November 19, 2019). "Kristen Bell and Idina Menzel Get Hopelessly Lost in the Woods of Frozen 2". Observer. Archived from the original on November 20, 2019. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  152. ^ a b Travis, Ben (November 14, 2019). "Frozen II Review". Empire. Archived from the original on November 22, 2019. Retrieved November 22, 2019.
  153. ^ Chang, Justin (November 14, 2019). "Review: Disney's Frozen 2 is far from essential, but charmingly avoids the sophomore slump". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 1, 2021. Retrieved July 26, 2021.
  154. ^ Page-Kirby, Kristen (November 20, 2019). "Neither hot nor cool, Frozen II serves up lukewarm leftovers from the 2013 hit". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 20, 2019. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
  155. ^ Lawson, Richard (November 14, 2019). "Frozen 2 Is a Disney Minus". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  156. ^ Barber, Nicholas (November 14, 2019). "The sequel to the global smash hit is 'a meandering psychedelic journey' with 'fumbled twists' writes Nicholas Barber". BBC. Archived from the original on May 22, 2021. Retrieved August 20, 2021.
  157. ^ Jenkins, David (November 14, 2019). "Frozen 2". Little White Lies. Archived from the original on April 14, 2021. Retrieved August 10, 2021.
  158. ^ Mendelson, Scott (November 14, 2019). "Frozen II Review: A Flawed But Funny Walt Disney Sequel". Forbes. Archived from the original on August 12, 2021. Retrieved August 12, 2021.
  159. ^ Willmore, Alison (November 20, 2019). "Frozen 2 Exists Because the Market, Not the Story, Demanded It". Vulture. Archived from the original on March 2, 2021. Retrieved August 20, 2021.
  160. ^ Multiple sources:
  161. ^ "Oscars: The Complete Winners List". The Hollywood Reporter. February 9, 2020. Archived from the original on February 10, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  162. ^ "Klaus Wins Big at Annie Awards for Animation". The Hollywood Reporter. January 25, 2020. Archived from the original on January 26, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
  163. ^ "BAFTA Awards: 1917 Dominates, Including Wins for Best Film, Director". The Hollywood Reporter. February 2, 2020. Archived from the original on February 2, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  164. ^ Nordyke, Kimberly; Howard, Annie (January 12, 2020). "Critics' Choice Awards: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood Named Best Picture; Full Winners List". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on January 13, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
  165. ^ "Golden Globes: The Complete Winners List". The Hollywood Reporter. January 5, 2020. Archived from the original on May 9, 2022. Retrieved May 9, 2022.
  166. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (August 13, 2024). "Frozen 3 Gets Official Thanksgiving 2027 Release; Pixar's Hoppers Sets Spring 2026". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on August 13, 2024. Retrieved August 13, 2024.
  167. ^ Rubin, Rebecca (November 16, 2023). "Frozen 4 in the Works at Disney, Bob Iger Reveals". Variety. Archived from the original on November 16, 2023. Retrieved November 16, 2023.

Works cited

Further reading

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frozen_2&oldid=1250497191"