塊

See also: 凷 and 块

塊 U+584A, 塊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-584A ← 塉 [U+5849] CJK Unified Ideographs 塋 → [U+584B]

Translingual

Han character

塊 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土竹山戈 (GHUI), four-corner 4611₃, composition ⿰土鬼)

Derived characters

• 𤐡, 𤮟, 𭻻

Related characters

• 块 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 235, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5319
• Dae Jaweon: page 472, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 464, character 17
• Unihan data for U+584A

Chinese

trad.		塊
simp.		块
alternative forms		凷 墤 㙕 𠚛 𡒽 凷 墤 㙕 𠚛 𡒽 圦 𡉇

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 塊
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (鬼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
謉	*tkuːlʔ, *krul
瑰	*kuːl, *ɡuːl
傀	*kuːl, *kʰuːlʔ
藱	*kuːl
魁	*kʰuːl
磈	*kʰuːlʔ, *qulʔ
塊	*kʰuːls, *kʰruːds
嵬	*ŋɡuːl, *ŋɡuːlʔ
隗	*ŋɡuːlʔ
槐	*ɡuːl, *ɡruːl
瘣	*ɡuːlʔ
廆	*ɡuːlʔ
溾	*ɡuːlʔ, *qruːl
螝	*ɡuːls, *krul
褢	*ɡruːl
騩	*krul, *kruls, *kul
愧	*kruls
媿	*kruls
聭	*kruls
餽	*ɡruls
鬼	*kulʔ
魏	*ŋɡuls
巍	*ŋul
犩	*ŋul, *ŋuls

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰuːls, *kʰruːds) : semantic 土 (“earth; dust”) + phonetic 鬼 (OC *kulʔ) – clod of dirt.

Etymology 1

Unknown (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): kuài (kuai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄞˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): kuai³

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): faai³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): fai¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): kuai³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): khoai

  (Meixian, Guangdong): kuai⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): kuai² / kuai³
• Northern Min (KCR): ko̿
• Eastern Min (BUC): kuái
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khoài

  (Teochew, Peng'im): go³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵khue
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): kuai³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuài
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuài
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuai⁴
    • Yale: kwài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuay
    • Palladius: куай (kuaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuàir
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuàir
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuai⁴-ʼrh
    • Yale: kwàir
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuall
    • Palladius: куайр (kuajr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: kuai³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kuai
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuai⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: faai³
    • Yale: faai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: fai³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːi̯³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: fai¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fai³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: kuai³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuai²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khoai
    • Hakka Romanization System: kuai
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kuai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰu̯ai̯⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: kuai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰuaɪ⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: kuai² / kuai³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /kʰuai⁵³/, /kʰuai⁴⁵/

Note: kuai3 - classifier.

• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ko̿
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰo³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: kuái
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuɑi²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoài
    • Tâi-lô: khuài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qoaix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰuai²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰuai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰuai²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰuai¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰuai²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: go³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kò
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ko²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵khue
    • MiniDict: khue^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²khue
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰue³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: kuai³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ai̯⁴¹/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 塊
Mandarin	Beijing	/kʰuai⁵¹/
	Harbin	/kʰuai⁵³/
	Tianjin	/kʰuai⁵³/
	Jinan	/kʰuɛ²¹/
	Qingdao	/kʰuɛ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/kʰuai³¹²/
	Xi'an	/kʰuai⁵³/
	Xining	/kʰuɛ⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/kʰuɛ⁵³/ /kʰuɛ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/kʰuɛ⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/kʰuai²¹³/
	Wuhan	/kʰuai⁴²/
	Chengdu	/kʰuai⁵³/
	Guiyang	/kʰuai⁴²/
	Kunming	/kʰuæ⁵³/
	Nanjing	/kʰuae⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/kʰue̞⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kʰuai⁴⁵/ 一～糖 /kʰuai⁵³/ 糖～～
	Pingyao	/kʰuæ⁵³/ /xuæ⁵³/ 一～人
	Hohhot	/kʰuɛ⁵⁵/ 兩～錢 /kʰuɛ⁵³/ 石頭～子
Wu	Shanghai	/kʰue³⁵/
	Suzhou	/kʰue̞⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/kʰue̞⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/kʰai⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/kʰua³²⁴/
	Tunxi	/kʰua⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/kʰuai⁴¹/
	Xiangtan	/kʰuai⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/kʰuai²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰuai⁵³/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/fai³³/
	Nanning	/fai³³/ /wai³³/
	Hong Kong	/fai³³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kʰuai²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kʰuɑi²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)
	Shantou (Teochew)	/ko²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/xɔi³⁵/ /xuai³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: khwojH

Rime
Character	塊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	苦對切
Baxter	khwojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuoiH/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwəjH/
Li Rong	/kʰuᴀiH/
Wang Li	/kʰuɒiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰuɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fui3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[kʰ]ˤ<r>uj-s/, /*[kʰ]ˤuj-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰuːls/, /*kʰruːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	塊	塊
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuài	kuài
Middle Chinese	‹ khwɛjH ›	‹ khwojH ›
Old Chinese	/*[kʰ]ˁ<r>uj-s/	/*[kʰ]ˁuj-s/
English	clod, lump	clod; lump
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	塊	塊
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	4666	4676
Phonetic component	鬼	鬼
Rime group	微	隊
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	塊	蒯
Old Chinese	/*kʰuːls/	/*kʰruːds/
Notes	說文凷或體	或作墤，廣韻只作墤

Definitions

塊

1. piece; chunk; lump; part

   把肉切成小塊。／把肉切成小块。  ―  Bǎ ròu qièchéng xiǎo kuài.  ―  Cut the meat into bite-sized pieces.

   它被割成了三塊。 [MSC, trad.]
   它被割成了三块。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā bèi gē chéng le sān kuài. [Pinyin]

   It was cut into three parts.

2. (colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck

   你給三塊，就可以了。 [MSC, trad.]
   你给三块，就可以了。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ gěi sān kuài, jiù kěyǐ le. [Pinyin]

   If you give 3 yuan, it'll be enough.

   一塊錢／一块钱  ―  yī kuài qián  ―  a yuan; a dollar

   九塊一毛／九块一毛  ―  jiǔ kuài yī máo  ―  9.10 yuan

3. Classifier for piece of something (food, cloth, stone): piece; chunk; slab

   一塊蛋糕／一块蛋糕  ―  yī kuài dàngāo  ―  a slice of cake

   一塊木頭／一块木头  ―  yī kuài mùtóu  ―  a piece of wood

   呢塊木／呢块木 [Cantonese]  ―  nei¹ faai³ muk⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  this piece of wood

   呢塊肉／呢块肉 [Cantonese]  ―  nei¹ faai³ juk⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  this slab of meat

4. Classifier for areas of land: plot; tract; area

   呢塊地／呢块地 [Cantonese]  ―  nei¹ faai³ dei⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  this plot of land

5. (Teochew) place
   • 1883, Adele Marion Fielde, “無”, in A Pronouncing and Defining Dictionary of the Swatow Dialect, Arranged According to Syllables and Tones, Shanghai: American Presbyterian Mission Press, page 16:

     無處好歇／无处好歇 [Teochew]  ―  bho⁵ go³ ho² hiah⁴ [Peng'im]  ―  nowhere to stop

     無處好放／无处好放 [Teochew]  ―  bho⁵ go³ ho² bang³ [Peng'im]  ―  no place to put it in

6. (Sichuanese, obsolete) tomb; grave

   • 蜀人呼老弱為波，墳塚為塊，其塊即趙畚相公墳也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     蜀人呼老弱为波，坟冢为块，其块即赵畚相公坟也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 何光遠, 《鑑誡錄·鬼傳》

     Shǔ rén hū lǎoruò wèi bō, fénzhǒng wèi kuài, qí kuài jí Zhào běn xiànggōng fén yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

7. (archaic) calm and indifferent

   alt. forms: 魁

   • 王世子，子也，塊然受諸侯之尊己，而立乎其位，是不子也。 [MSC, trad.]
     王世子，子也，块然受诸侯之尊己，而立乎其位，是不子也。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 《穀梁傳·僖公五年》 (Guliang Zhuan)

     Wáng shìzǐ, zǐ yě, kuài rán shòu zhūhóu zhī zūn jǐ, ér lì hū qí wèi, shì bù zǐ yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

8. (archaic) solitary; alone

   alt. forms: 魁

   • 塊獨守此曲隅兮，然欿切而永歎。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     块独守此曲隅兮，然欿切而永叹。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE

     Kuài dú shǒu cǐ qū yú xī, rán 欿 qiè ér yǒng tàn. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 彫琢復朴，塊然獨以其形立。紛而封哉，一以是終。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     雕琢复朴，块然独以其形立。纷而封哉，一以是终。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Diāo zhuó fù pǔ, kuài rán dú yǐ qí xíng lì. Fēn ér fēng zāi, yī yǐ shì zhōng. [Pinyin]

     He put away the carving and sculpture about him, and returned to pure simplicity. Like a solitary clod of earth like that he stood there in his bodily presence. Amid all distractions he was (silent) and shut up in himself. And in this way he continued to the end of his life.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 元 (“yuan; dollar”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		圓, 元
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	塊
	Taiwan	塊
	Harbin	塊
	Malaysia	塊
	Singapore	塊
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	塊
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	塊
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	塊
	Wanrong	塊
	Xi'an	塊
	Xining	塊
	Xuzhou	塊
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	塊
	Lanzhou	塊
	Ürümqi	塊
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	塊
	Wuhan	塊
	Guiyang	塊
	Guilin	塊
	Liuzhou	塊
	Nanning (Wuming)	塊
	Shanglin (Sanli)	塊
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	塊
	Yangzhou	塊
	Hefei	塊
Cantonese	Guangzhou	蚊, 蚊雞, 雞士, 個, 銀
	Hong Kong	蚊, 蚊雞, 雞士, 個, 銀, 雞嘢
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	蚊
	Macau	蚊
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	蚊
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	蚊
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	蚊
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	蚊
	Foshan	蚊
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	文
	Foshan (Shunde)	蚊
	Foshan (Sanshui)	蚊雞
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	蚊雞
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	蚊
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	蚊
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	蚊
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	蚊
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	蚊
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	蚊
	Taishan	蚊
	Kaiping (Chikan)	蚊
	Enping (Niujiang)	蚊
	Heshan (Yayao)	蚊
	Dongguan	蚊, 蚊雞
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	蚊
	Qingyuan	蚊
	Fogang	蚊
	Yingde (Hanguang)	蚊
	Yangshan	蚊
	Lianshan (Butian)	蚊
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	蚊
	Shaoguan	蚊
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	蚊
	Renhua	蚊雞
	Lechang	蚊
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	蚊
	Sihui	蚊雞
	Deqing	蚊
	Huaiji	蚊
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	蚊
	Yunfu	蚊
	Xinxing	蚊
	Luoding	蚊
	Yunan (Pingtai)	蚊
	Yangjiang	蚊, 個
	Lianjiang	蚊
	Nanning	蚊
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	蚊
	Qinzhou	蚊
	Beihai	蚊
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	蚊
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	蚊
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	蚊
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	箍, 蚊
	Penang (Guangfu)	蚊
	Singapore (Guangfu)	蚊, 箍
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	蚊
	Móng Cái	蚊
Gan	Nanchang	塊
	Lichuan	塊
	Pingxiang	塊
Hakka	Meixian	塊
	Xingning	吊
	Yudu	塊
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	個
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	個
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	個
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	個
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	個
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	銀, 箍
	Hong Kong	塊, 蚊
	Sabah (Longchuan)	箍
	Senai (Huiyang)	箍
	Kuching (Hepo)	箍
	Singkawang	盾
	Singapore (Dabu)	箍
Huizhou	Jixi	塊
Jin	Taiyuan	塊
	Xinzhou	塊
Northern Min	Jian'ou	塊
	Pucheng (Shibei)	塊
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	塊
	Fuqing	塊
	Matsu	塊
Southern Min	Xiamen	箍
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	箍
	Quanzhou	箍
	Shishi	箍
	Zhangzhou	箍
	Zhao'an	箍
	Dongshan	箍
	Taipei	箍
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	箍
	Kaohsiung	箍
	Yilan	箍
	Changhua (Lukang)	箍
	Taichung	箍
	Tainan	箍
	Hsinchu	箍
	Kinmen	箍
	Penghu (Magong)	箍
	Penang (Hokkien)	箍
	Singapore (Hokkien)	箍
	Manila (Hokkien)	箍
	Chaozhou	銀, 箍, 個, 個銀
	Shantou	銀, 個, 箍 dated, 個銀
	Shantou (Chenghai)	銀
	Jieyang	個, 個銀
	Haifeng	個銀
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	箍
	Singapore (Teochew)	箍, 個銀
	Leizhou	個
	Wenchang	銀, 個
	Haikou	個銀, 銀
	Qionghai	銀
	Singapore (Hainanese)	箍
Puxian Min	Putian	個
	Xianyou	個
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	蚊
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	蚊, 蚊雞
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	塊
Wu	Shanghai	塊
	Shanghai (Chongming)	塊
	Suzhou	塊
	Danyang	塊
	Hangzhou	塊
	Wenzhou	個
	Jinhua	塊
Xiang	Changsha	塊
	Loudi	塊
	Shuangfeng	塊
	Quanzhou	塊

Dialectal synonyms of 面 (“(classifier for mirrors)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		面
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	面
	Taiwan	面
	Chengde	面
	Chifeng	面
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	面
	Heihe	面
	Qiqihar	面
	Harbin	面
	Jiamusi	面
	Changchun	面
	Tonghua	面
	Shenyang	面
	Jinzhou	面
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	面
	Tangshan	面
	Cangzhou	面
	Baoding	面兒
	Shijiazhuang	面
	Lijin	面
	Jinan	面
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	面
	Dandong	面
	Yantai	面
	Qingdao	面
Central Plains Mandarin	Lingbao	面
	Jining	面
	Linfen	面
	Shangqiu	面
	Xinyang	面
	Baihe	面
	Xi'an	面
	Baoji	面
	Tianshui	面
	Xining	面
	Xuzhou	面
	Fuyang	面
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	面
	Lanzhou	面
	Dunhuang	面
	Hami	面
	Ürümqi	面
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	面
	Nanchong	面
	Dazhou	面
	Hanyuan	面
	Xichang	面
	Chongqing	面
	Wuhan	面
	Yichang	面
	Xiangyang	面
	Tianmen	面
	Guiyang	面
	Zunyi	面
	Bijie	口, 個
	Liping	塊
	Zhaotong	面
	Dali	面
	Kunming	面
	Mengzi	面
	Guilin	面
	Liuzhou	面
	Jishou	面
	Changde	面
	Hanzhong	面
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	面
	Yangzhou	面
	Lianyungang	面
	Lianshui	面
	Nantong	面
	Anqing	面
	Wuhu	面
	Hefei	面
	Hong'an	面
Cantonese	Hong Kong	塊
Huizhou	Shexian	面
Jin	Taiyuan	面
	Yangyuan	面
	Datong	面
	Xinzhou	面
	Lüliang (Lishi)	面
	Changzhi	面
	Linhe	面
	Jining	面
	Hohhot	面
	Erenhot	面
	Pingshan	面
	Zhangjiakou	面
	Handan	面
	Linzhou	面
	Suide	面
Southern Min	Xiamen	面
	Quanzhou	面
	Zhangzhou	面
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	面
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	個
Wu	Shanghai	面
Xiang	Changsha	面

See also

• (Cantonese) 嚿 (gau6)

Compounds

• 一塊／一块 (yīkuài)
• 一塊兒／一块儿 (yīkuàir)
• 一塊肉／一块肉
• 一窩一塊／一窝一块
• 三窩兩塊／三窝两块
• 冰塊／冰块 (bīngkuài)
• 卵塊／卵块
• 叢塊根／丛块根
• 四方塊兒／四方块儿
• 土塊／土块
• 塊根／块根 (kuàigēn)
• 塊然／块然 (kuàirán)
• 塊然獨處／块然独处
• 塊磊／块磊
• 塊莖／块茎 (kuàijīng)
• 塊頭／块头 (kuàitóu)
• 壘塊／垒块
• 大卸八塊／大卸八块
• 大塊／大块 (dàkuài)
• 大塊兒／大块儿
• 大塊文章／大块文章
• 大塊頭／大块头 (dàkuàitóu)
• 大煠八塊／大煠八块
• 大解八塊／大解八块
• 大陸板塊／大陆板块
• 寢苫枕塊／寝苫枕块
• 成團打塊／成团打块
• 方塊／方块 (fāngkuài)
• 方塊字／方块字 (fāngkuàizì)
• 方塊舞／方块舞 (fāngkuàiwǔ)
• 板塊／板块 (bǎnkuài)
• 枕塊／枕块
• 板塊構造／板块构造
• 板塊運動／板块运动
• 株塊／株块
• 模塊／模块 (mókuài)
• 消波塊／消波块 (xiāobōkuài)
• 炒麵塊子／炒面块子
• 瓦塊／瓦块
• 痞塊／痞块
• 石塊／石块 (shíkuài)
• 砌塊建築／砌块建筑
• 磊塊／磊块
• 累塊積蘇／累块积苏
• 腫塊／肿块 (zhǒngkuài)
• 苫塊／苫块
• 葉塊繁殖／叶块繁殖
• 藉草枕塊／借草枕块
• 血塊／血块 (xuèkuài)
• 這塊兒／这块儿
• 酒澆壘塊／酒浇垒块
• 韓盧逐塊／韩卢逐块
• 風疹塊／风疹块 (fēngzhěnkuài)
• 魔術方塊／魔术方块 (móshù fāngkuài)

 

Etymology 2

Jerry Norman reconstructs Common Min *tɔi⁵ based on the coastal Min forms; it is unclear how the Northern Min forms relate to the Coastal Min forms. Possibly from 段 (OC *doːns, “section; segment”); compare 短 (OC *toːnʔ, “short”) > Xiamen Hokkien té (Coblin, n.d.).

Pronunciation

• Northern Min (KCR): tī
• Eastern Min (BUC): dó̤i
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tè / tèr

  (Teochew, Peng'im): do³

---

• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dó̤i
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔy²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung, Jinjiang, Philippines, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tè
    • Tâi-lô: tè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dex
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Singapore): /te²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /te¹¹/
    • IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /te⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tèr
    • Tâi-lô: tèr
    • IPA (Lukang): /tə³¹/
    • IPA (Singapore): /tə²¹/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /tə¹²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tə⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: do³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tò
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /to²¹³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 塊
Mandarin	Beijing
	Harbin
	Tianjin
	Jinan
	Qingdao
	Zhengzhou
	Xi'an
	Xining
	Yinchuan
	Lanzhou
	Ürümqi
	Wuhan
	Chengdu
	Guiyang
	Kunming
	Nanjing
	Hefei
Jin	Taiyuan
	Pingyao
	Hohhot
Wu	Shanghai
	Suzhou
	Hangzhou
	Wenzhou
Hui	Shexian
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha
	Xiangtan
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou
	Nanning
	Hong Kong
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/te²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tøy³²/ 訓讀
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/tʰi⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)
	Haikou (Hainanese)

Definitions

塊

1. (Eastern Min, Hokkien) piece; chunk; lump; part
2. (Northern Min, Eastern Min, Hokkien, Leizhou Min) Classifier for piece of something (food, cloth, stone): piece; chunk; slab
3. (Northern Min, Eastern Min, colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
4. (Hokkien) Classifier for songs.
5. (Eastern Min, Hokkien, Teochew) place

   alt. forms: 地, 帶／带 (dài), 處／处

   底塊／底块 [Eastern Min]  ―  diē-dó̤i / [tie³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t-)lɔy²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  where

   鎮塊／镇块 [Hokkien]  ―  tìn-tè [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to take up space

6. (Taiwanese Hokkien) home

   alt. forms: 地

7. (Eastern Min, Hokkien) Classifier for places.

Synonyms

• (yuan): (see dialectal synonyms table above)

Dialectal synonyms of 首 (“(classifier for songs)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		首, 支
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	首
	Singapore	首
Southwestern Mandarin	Guilin	首
Cantonese	Guangzhou	支, 隻
	Hong Kong	首, 隻, 支
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	隻, 支
	Macau	支
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	隻
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	隻
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	隻
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	支
	Foshan	支
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	隻
	Foshan (Shunde)	支
	Foshan (Sanshui)	支
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	支
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	支
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	支
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	支
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	支
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	支
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	支
	Taishan	條
	Kaiping (Chikan)	條
	Enping (Niujiang)	條
	Heshan (Yayao)	隻
	Dongguan	支
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	支
Hakka	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	支
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	條
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	隻
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	條
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	隻
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	條
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	條
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	條
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	條
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	條
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	條
Southern Min	Jinjiang	塊
	Tainan	條, 首
	Singapore (Hokkien)	條
	Manila (Hokkien)	塊
	Shantou	條
	Shantou (Chenghai)	條
	Jieyang	條
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	首, 條
Wu	Shanghai	隻
Xiang	Changsha	隻

Dialectal synonyms of 地方 (“place (noun)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		地方
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	地兒, 地方
	Taiwan	地方
	Singapore	地方
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	地界兒, 地兒, 地方
	Jinan	地方, 地處
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	地方
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	位分
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	地方, 地頭, 塌塌
	Wuhan	落地, 位子
	Guilin	地方
	Guilin (Lingui)	地方
	Pingle	地方
	Liuzhou (Luorong)	地方
	Luzhai	地方
	Nanning (Wuming)	地方
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	落地, 地方
	Hefei	場子, 地方
Cantonese	Guangzhou	地方, 埞方, 埞
	Hong Kong	地方, 埞, 埞方
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	地方
	Macau	埞
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	埞, 埞方
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	地方
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	埞, 埞方
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	地方
	Foshan	埞, 埞方
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	地
	Foshan (Shunde)	埞
	Foshan (Sanshui)	埞
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	地方
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	埞, 埞方
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	地方
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	埞
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	埞
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	埞
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	埞
	Taishan	處, 埞方
	Kaiping (Chikan)	處
	Enping (Niujiang)	處
	Heshan (Yayao)	地方
	Dongguan	埞方
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	埞方
	Yangjiang	處所
	Nanning	埞
	Guiping	地方
	Guiping (Jintian)	地方
	Guiping (Jiangkou)	地方, 埞方
	Guiping (Madong)	地方
	Mengshan (Xihe)	埞方
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	地方
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	地方
	Baise	埞方, 埞
	Bobai	地方
	Lingshan	地方
	Pubei	地方
	Qinzhou	埞
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	地方
	Beihai	地方
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	地方
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	地方
	Ningming	埞
	Hengzhou	地方
	Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua)	地方
	Singapore (Guangfu)	地方
Gan	Nanchang	落地
	Pengze	位置
	Yanshan	所在
Hakka	Meixian	地方
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	地方
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	地方
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	地方
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	埞
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	埞
	Changting	地方
	Wuping	地方
	Liancheng	地方, 所在
	Liancheng (Peitian)	地方
	Ninghua	壇裡
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	地方
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	地方
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	地方
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	地方
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	地方
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	地方
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	地方
	Mashan (Pianlian)	地方
	Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui)	地方
	Singkawang	地方
	Pontianak (Meixian)	地方
	Bangkok (Meixian)	地方
Huizhou	Jixi	許在, 許塊
Jin	Taiyuan	地方
	Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou)	地方
Northern Min	Jian'ou	地方, 所在
	Songxi	地方
	Zhenghe	所在
	Jianyang	所在
	Wuyishan	地方
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	地方, 所在, 位處
	Fuzhou (Changle)	地方, 位處
	Lianjiang	地方, 塊2
	Fuqing	位處, 地方
	Pingtan	位處
	Yongtai	地道
	Minqing	地方
	Gutian	塊2
	Pingnan	位場
	Luoyuan	位處
	Ningde	地方
	Xiapu	地方
	Zherong	所在
	Fuding	所在
	Singapore (Fuqing)	位處
Southern Min	Xiamen	所在
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	所在
	Quanzhou	所在
	Jinjiang	所在
	Nan'an	所在
	Shishi	所在
	Hui'an	所在
	Anxi	所在
	Yongchun	所在
	Dehua	所在
	Zhangzhou	所在
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	所在
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	所在
	Hua'an	所在
	Nanjing	所在, 底仔
	Pinghe	所在
	Zhangpu	所在
	Yunxiao	佇位
	Zhao'an	位處
	Dongshan	所在
	Taipei	所在
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	地方, 所在
	Kaohsiung	所在
	Yilan	所在
	Changhua (Lukang)	地方
	Taichung	所在, 地方
	Tainan	所在
	Hsinchu	所在
	Kinmen	所在
	Penghu (Magong)	所在
	Penang (Hokkien)	所在
	Singapore (Hokkien)	所在, 地方
	Manila (Hokkien)	所在
	Longyan	所在
	Zhangping	所在
	Datian	所在
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	地方
	Chaozhou	地方
	Shantou	地方
	Jieyang	地方
	Singapore (Teochew)	地方
	Wenchang	地方
	Qionghai	地方
	Singapore (Hainanese)	地方
Puxian Min	Putian	位處
	Xianyou	位處
Central Min	Yong'an	停場
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	場所
	Sanming (Shaxian)	場所
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	塊2
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Shajing)	埞
	Binyang	地方
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Chaoyang)	地方
	Guilin (Zhuyuan)	地方
	Guilin (Wutong, Lingui)	地方
	Guilin (Liutang, Lingui)	地方
	Lingchuan (Tanxia)	地方
	Lingchuan (Shuangzhou)	地方
	Yangshuo (Jima)	地方
Wu	Shanghai	地方, 場化 dated, 戶蕩 dated
	Shanghai (Chongming)	所在
	Suzhou	場化
	Hangzhou	所塊
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	地方, 戶蕩
	Ningbo	地方, 塢探, 塢碎 rare, 塢埰, 塢宕, 塢湯
	Wenzhou	地方
Xiang	Changsha	地方
	Xiangxiang	地方
	Shuangfeng	場所, 地方
	Quanzhou	地方
	Guanyang (Wenshi)	地方

Dialectal synonyms of 家 (“home”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		家
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		家
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	家
	Taiwan	家
	Malaysia	家
	Singapore	家
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	家
	Jinan	家
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	家, 屋
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	家
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	屋頭, 家
	Wuhan	屋裡, 家
	Guilin	家
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	家, 家頭
	Hefei	家
Cantonese	Guangzhou	屋企
	Hong Kong	屋企
	Macau	屋企
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	屋企
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	屋企
	Taishan	屋企, 企
	Kaiping (Chikan)	屋企, 企
	Dongguan	屋企
	Yunfu	屋己
	Yangjiang	屋己, 屋
	Maoming (Xinpo)	屋己
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	屋企
	Singapore (Guangfu)	屋企
Gan	Nanchang	屋裡
Hakka	Meixian	屋下
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	屋
	Huiyang	屋下
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	屋下
	Boluo (Bendihua)	屋
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	屋下
	Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua)	屋下
	Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua)	屋下
	Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua)	屋下
	Wengyuan	屋下
	Liannan	屋下
	Jiexi	屋家
	Luhe	屋下
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	屋下
	Changting	屋下
	Wuping (Yanqian)	屋下
	Liancheng	屋下
	Ninghua	屋下
	Ningdu	屋下
	Tonggu (Sandu)	屋下
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	屋下
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	屋下
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	屋下
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	屋下
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	屋下
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	屋下
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	屋下
	Hong Kong	屋下
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	屋下
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	屋下
	Xinyi (Sihe)	屋下
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	屋下
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	屋下
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	屋下
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	屋下
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	屋下
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	屋下
	Mengshan (Xihe)	屋下
	Luchuan	屋下
	Senai (Huiyang)	屋下
	Singapore (Dabu)	屋下
Jin	Taiyuan	家
Northern Min	Jian'ou	厝
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	厝
	Singapore (Fuqing)	厝
Southern Min	Xiamen	厝, 兜
	Quanzhou	厝, 兜
	Jinjiang	厝
	Zhangzhou	厝, 兜
	Zhao'an	厝
	Taipei	兜
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	兜
	Kaohsiung	兜
	Yilan	厝, 兜
	Changhua (Lukang)	兜, 塊
	Taichung	兜
	Tainan	厝, 兜
	Hsinchu	兜
	Kinmen	塊, 兜
	Penghu (Magong)	塊, 兜
	Penang (Hokkien)	厝
	Singapore (Hokkien)	厝, 兜
	Manila (Hokkien)	厝, 厝內, 兜
	Chaozhou	內
	Shantou	內
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	內
	Jieyang	內
	Haifeng	厝
	Bangkok (Teochew)	厝, 內
	Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew)	內
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	厝
	Singapore (Teochew)	內
	Wenchang	厝
	Qionghai	厝
	Singapore (Hainanese)	厝
Puxian Min	Putian	厝
	Xianyou	厝
Shehua	Fu'an	寮
	Fuding	寮
	Luoyuan	寮
	Sanming	寮
	Shunchang	寮
	Hua'an	寮
	Guixi (Zhangping)	寮
	Cangnan	寮
	Jingning (Hexi)	寮
	Lishui	寮
	Longyou	寮
	Chaozhou	寮
	Fengshun	寮
Wu	Shanghai	屋裡
	Suzhou	屋裡
	Ningbo	屋落, 屋裡
	Wenzhou	屋裡
Xiang	Changsha	屋裡
	Shuangfeng	屋裡

Compounds

• 佇塊／伫块
• 底塊／底块
• 鎮塊／镇块

 

Further reading

• “塊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• “Entry #9382”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

Japanese

Kanji

塊

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)
• Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)
• Kun: かたまり (katamari, 塊, Jōyō)、つちくれ (tsuchikure, 塊)

Compounds

• 酸(ス)塊(グリ) (suguri)
• 松塊(マツホド) (matsuhodo)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
塊
かたまり Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 塊 – see the following entry.

【固かたまり】 [noun] lump, mass, clump, clod, glob

(This term, 塊, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
塊
かい Grade: S
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 塊 (MC khwojH).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ka̠i]

Affix

塊(かい) • (kai) 

1. lump, mass, chunk, clod

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 塊茎(かいけい) (kaikei)
• 塊鉱(かいこう) (kaikō)
• 塊根(かいこん) (kaikon)
• 塊(かい)状(じょう) (kaijō)
• 塊然(かいぜん) (kaizen)
• 塊村(かいそん) (kaison)
• 塊炭(かいたん) (kaitan)
• 塊(かい)土(ど) (kaido)
• 一塊(いっかい) (ikkai)
• 岩塊(がんかい) (gankai)
• 凝(ぎょう)塊(かい) (gyōkai)
• 金塊(きんかい) (kinkai)
• 血塊(けっかい) (kekkai)
• 山塊(さんかい) (sankai)
• 集(しゅう)塊(かい) (shūkai)
• 小(しょう)塊(かい) (shōkai)
• 水塊(すいかい) (suikai)
• 石塊(せっかい) (sekkai)
• 団塊(だんかい) (dankai)
• 地(ち)塊(かい) (chikai)
• 鋳(ちゅう)塊(かい) (chūkai)
• 土(ど)塊(かい) (dokai)
• 肉塊(にくかい) (nikukai), 肉塊(にっかい) (nikkai)
• 氷(ひょう)塊(かい) (hyōkai)
• 糞塊(ふんかい) (funkai)
• 磊塊(らいかい) (raikai)
• 卵塊(らんかい) (rankai)
• 陸塊(りくかい) (rikukai)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 塊 (MC khwojH).

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 쾽〮 (Yale: khwóy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
• Recorded as Middle Korean 괴〯 (kwǒy) (Yale: kwǒy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kwe̞] ~ [kø̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [궤/괴]

Hanja

Wikisource

塊 (eumhun 덩어리 괴 (deong'eori goe))

1. hanja form^? of 괴 (“piece; chunk; lump”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 강괴 (剛塊, ganggoe)
• 단괴 (團塊, dan'goe)
• 대괴 (大塊, daegoe)
• 금괴 (金塊, geumgoe)
• 빙괴 (氷塊, binggoe)
• 산괴 (山塊, san'goe)
• 괴상 (塊狀, goesang)
• 괴근 (塊根, goegeun)
• 괴석 (塊石, goeseok)
• 광괴 (鑛塊, gwanggoe)
• 괴탄 (塊炭, goetan)
• 분괴 (分塊, bun'goe)
• 석되 (石塊, seokdoe)
• 설괴 (雪塊, seolgoe)
• 혈괴 (血塊, hyeolgoe)
• 괴광 (塊鑛, goegwang)
• 괴금 (塊金, goegeum)
• 괴철 (塊鐵, goecheol)
• 괴촌 (塊村, goechon)
• 괴토 (塊土, goeto)
• 근괴 (根塊, geun'goe)
• 토괴 (土塊, togoe)
• 강괴 (鋼塊, ganggoe)
• 일괴 (一塊, ilgoe)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

塊: Hán Nôm readings: khối, cỏi, khỏi, hòn, khói

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.