Nina Valbousquet
Visiting scholar at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (Fall 2018) and Visiting Research Fellow at Fordham University (Spring 2019). Postdoctoral fellow at the Center for Jewish History and visiting scholar at NYU, 2016-2018. PhD in history from Sciences Po Paris (2016).
Supervisors: Marc Lazar, Sciences Po Paris and Marie-Anne Matard-Bonucci, Paris 8
Supervisors: Marc Lazar, Sciences Po Paris and Marie-Anne Matard-Bonucci, Paris 8
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t9L2nUoPz8s&feature=youtu.be
March 28, 6 pm, Fordham University, Lincoln Center Campus McMahon Hall 109, NYC
Published in 1948, Jesus and Israel is Jules Isaac’s first book devoted to the Christian roots of antisemitism. Often interpreted through the retrospective prism of Jewish-Christian dialogue and the Second Vatican Council, this article rather links the book to its starting point: the Shoah. A work of history, Jesus and Israel is also the work of a survivor and a witness to persecution. Isaac’s scientific and commemorative approach is an early example of a link between historical consciousness and memory of the Shoah. Punctuated with analogies to Auschwitz, the book provoked a debate about the persistence of antisemitism in France, proving that the immediate post-war period was far from being a silent one in regard to genocide.
À partir de la biographie croisée de deux intellectuels, cet article approfondit l’étude des circulations d’une culture antisémite et latine entre fascisme italien et extrême droite française. L’article met ainsi en lumière un antisémitisme latin, formé dans un cadre de référence intellectuel et politique franco-italien, en exhumant deux figures de médiateurs : le couple formé par Paolo Orano et Camille Mallarmé, du syndicalisme révolutionnaire au nationalisme interventionniste de la Grande Guerre jusqu’au soutien au projet totalitaire fasciste. Professeur et député fasciste, Orano se distingue en publiant en 1937 Les Juifs en Italie, l’un des premiers pamphlets annonçant la propagande antisémite du régime fasciste, alors que sa femme relaie la campagne en tant que correspondante pour l’hebdomadaire français d’extrême droite Je Suis Partout. Avec une volonté de distinction vis-à-vis de l’antisémitisme nazi, cet antisémitisme latin repose sur une hostilité anti-allemande et sur une instrumentalisation politique de la tradition catholique. Il est en outre révélateur des tensions inhérentes entre fascisme transnational et nationalismes français et italien.
https://www.cairn.info/resume.php?ID_ARTICLE=RHMC_622_0063
Abstract : Conversion in Anti-Semitic Discourse during the Interwar Period: Uses and Transformations of Catholic Prejudices.
This paper presents the issue of the conversion of the Jews as perceived by some Catholic anti-Semitic circles active during the interwar period. I draw these examples from archival researches conducted about Catholic anti-Semitism for my current PhD dissertation “ The Circulation and Use of Anti-Semitism during the Interwar Period: The Case of Intransigent Catholic Networks (1917 – 1943)”. By studying the Catholic network led by the Roman prelate Umberto Benigni, the Roman Entente of Social Defense, this research reveals that transnational networks and circulations played a key role in the transformation and renewal of traditional Catholic prejudices. This paper focuses on the Catholic appropriation of new models of anti-Semitic propaganda and analyses its influence on attitudes towards conversion. In fact, within this international network of intransigent Catholics, religious prejudices appeared to be mixed with secularized anti-Semitic themes and combined with a racial-biological language. Together, these discourses, denied the efficacy of conversion, the traditional Catholic solution to the “Jewish problem”. By calling conversion into question, these cases of racial ecclesiastic discourse blur the usual limits between anti-Judaism and anti-Semitism. As a result, the study of the diffusion of anti-Semitic tendencies provides an ideal case for examining the debates around conversion and anti-Semitism that divided the interwar Catholic hierarchy and world.
Book Reviews
Talks
This seminar focuses on American Jewish responses to Catholic antisemitism on both the domestic and international levels. Notably, the American Jewish Committee’s (AJC) national initiatives and transnational diplomacy aimed to raise awareness of antisemitism among Catholics. The AJC’s repeated attempts to elicit an official Vatican statement denouncing antisemitism, from World War I to the aftermath of the Holocaust, offer an example of the relations between American Jewish organizations and Catholic representatives in North America and Europe. The seminar will identify and discuss key moments of Jewish-Catholic interactions regarding antisemitism, specifically the diffusion of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion at the beginning of the 1920s, the antisemitic campaign of Father Coughlin, the Catholic reactions to antisemitic laws in Fascist Italy and in Vichy France, and the revision of the Christian roots of antisemitism in the aftermath of the Holocaust
Respondent: Natalia Indrimi, Primo Levi Center
Italian Academy, Columbia University, 1161 Amsterdam Ave, 5th Floor, NYC
modernitalianseminar@gmail.com
Conference Presentations
American Academy in Rome, Via Angelo Masina, 5, 00153 Roma
Francesco Cacciatore (Università degli studi di Salerno) presenterà le sue ricerche sulla rete Gladio le cui attività clandestine durante la Guerra fredda sono ancora oggi oggetto di dibattito. A partire da archivi inediti italiani, britannici e americani, Cacciatore analizzerà in particolare la memoria della rete nell’opinione pubblica italiana e europea.
Ilaria Moroni (Archivio Flamigni) commentera' la presentazione prima di aprire la discussione. Il seminario (in inglese e in italiano) e' aperto al pubblico e sarà seguito da un piccolo rinfresco.
Articoli
Aureli si fa chiaramente avvocato di Benigni in un processo immaginario e retrospettivo che il prelato integralista non ha mai avuto. Citando esplicitamente i numerosi «nemici» di Benigni, il testo costituisce una specie di resa dei conti, con tanti attacchi ad hominem, prolungando così metodi di delazione analoghi a quelli della Sapinière.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t9L2nUoPz8s&feature=youtu.be
March 28, 6 pm, Fordham University, Lincoln Center Campus McMahon Hall 109, NYC
Published in 1948, Jesus and Israel is Jules Isaac’s first book devoted to the Christian roots of antisemitism. Often interpreted through the retrospective prism of Jewish-Christian dialogue and the Second Vatican Council, this article rather links the book to its starting point: the Shoah. A work of history, Jesus and Israel is also the work of a survivor and a witness to persecution. Isaac’s scientific and commemorative approach is an early example of a link between historical consciousness and memory of the Shoah. Punctuated with analogies to Auschwitz, the book provoked a debate about the persistence of antisemitism in France, proving that the immediate post-war period was far from being a silent one in regard to genocide.
À partir de la biographie croisée de deux intellectuels, cet article approfondit l’étude des circulations d’une culture antisémite et latine entre fascisme italien et extrême droite française. L’article met ainsi en lumière un antisémitisme latin, formé dans un cadre de référence intellectuel et politique franco-italien, en exhumant deux figures de médiateurs : le couple formé par Paolo Orano et Camille Mallarmé, du syndicalisme révolutionnaire au nationalisme interventionniste de la Grande Guerre jusqu’au soutien au projet totalitaire fasciste. Professeur et député fasciste, Orano se distingue en publiant en 1937 Les Juifs en Italie, l’un des premiers pamphlets annonçant la propagande antisémite du régime fasciste, alors que sa femme relaie la campagne en tant que correspondante pour l’hebdomadaire français d’extrême droite Je Suis Partout. Avec une volonté de distinction vis-à-vis de l’antisémitisme nazi, cet antisémitisme latin repose sur une hostilité anti-allemande et sur une instrumentalisation politique de la tradition catholique. Il est en outre révélateur des tensions inhérentes entre fascisme transnational et nationalismes français et italien.
https://www.cairn.info/resume.php?ID_ARTICLE=RHMC_622_0063
Abstract : Conversion in Anti-Semitic Discourse during the Interwar Period: Uses and Transformations of Catholic Prejudices.
This paper presents the issue of the conversion of the Jews as perceived by some Catholic anti-Semitic circles active during the interwar period. I draw these examples from archival researches conducted about Catholic anti-Semitism for my current PhD dissertation “ The Circulation and Use of Anti-Semitism during the Interwar Period: The Case of Intransigent Catholic Networks (1917 – 1943)”. By studying the Catholic network led by the Roman prelate Umberto Benigni, the Roman Entente of Social Defense, this research reveals that transnational networks and circulations played a key role in the transformation and renewal of traditional Catholic prejudices. This paper focuses on the Catholic appropriation of new models of anti-Semitic propaganda and analyses its influence on attitudes towards conversion. In fact, within this international network of intransigent Catholics, religious prejudices appeared to be mixed with secularized anti-Semitic themes and combined with a racial-biological language. Together, these discourses, denied the efficacy of conversion, the traditional Catholic solution to the “Jewish problem”. By calling conversion into question, these cases of racial ecclesiastic discourse blur the usual limits between anti-Judaism and anti-Semitism. As a result, the study of the diffusion of anti-Semitic tendencies provides an ideal case for examining the debates around conversion and anti-Semitism that divided the interwar Catholic hierarchy and world.
This seminar focuses on American Jewish responses to Catholic antisemitism on both the domestic and international levels. Notably, the American Jewish Committee’s (AJC) national initiatives and transnational diplomacy aimed to raise awareness of antisemitism among Catholics. The AJC’s repeated attempts to elicit an official Vatican statement denouncing antisemitism, from World War I to the aftermath of the Holocaust, offer an example of the relations between American Jewish organizations and Catholic representatives in North America and Europe. The seminar will identify and discuss key moments of Jewish-Catholic interactions regarding antisemitism, specifically the diffusion of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion at the beginning of the 1920s, the antisemitic campaign of Father Coughlin, the Catholic reactions to antisemitic laws in Fascist Italy and in Vichy France, and the revision of the Christian roots of antisemitism in the aftermath of the Holocaust
Respondent: Natalia Indrimi, Primo Levi Center
Italian Academy, Columbia University, 1161 Amsterdam Ave, 5th Floor, NYC
modernitalianseminar@gmail.com
American Academy in Rome, Via Angelo Masina, 5, 00153 Roma
Francesco Cacciatore (Università degli studi di Salerno) presenterà le sue ricerche sulla rete Gladio le cui attività clandestine durante la Guerra fredda sono ancora oggi oggetto di dibattito. A partire da archivi inediti italiani, britannici e americani, Cacciatore analizzerà in particolare la memoria della rete nell’opinione pubblica italiana e europea.
Ilaria Moroni (Archivio Flamigni) commentera' la presentazione prima di aprire la discussione. Il seminario (in inglese e in italiano) e' aperto al pubblico e sarà seguito da un piccolo rinfresco.
Aureli si fa chiaramente avvocato di Benigni in un processo immaginario e retrospettivo che il prelato integralista non ha mai avuto. Citando esplicitamente i numerosi «nemici» di Benigni, il testo costituisce una specie di resa dei conti, con tanti attacchi ad hominem, prolungando così metodi di delazione analoghi a quelli della Sapinière.
Ecole française de Rome, Piazza Navona 62
https://semefr.hypotheses.org/