Modeling and Analysis of the Influence of an Edge Filter on the Combining Efficiency and Beam Quality of a 10-kW-Class Spectral Beam-Combining System
<p>(<b>a</b>) Schematic diagrams of the steep-edge filters; (<b>b</b>) the profile of the rough surface [<a href="#B21-applsci-09-02152" class="html-bibr">21</a>,<a href="#B24-applsci-09-02152" class="html-bibr">24</a>].</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Experimental setup for a spectral beam formed from the combination of two high-power, broad-linewidth single beams. DL, diode laser; HR FBG, highly reflective fiber Bragg grating; OC FBG, output coupler fiber Bragg grating; YDCF, ytterbium-doped double-clad fiber; CPS, cladding power stripper; HR, high reflector [<a href="#B11-applsci-09-02152" class="html-bibr">11</a>,<a href="#B24-applsci-09-02152" class="html-bibr">24</a>].</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Test setup for measuring the reflectance curve of the edge filter. FC, fiber collimator; ASE light source, amplified spontaneous emission light source. Inset (<b>a</b>) shows the measured spectra; Inset (<b>b</b>) shows the experimental results of the reflectance curves under different incident angles (0°, 2.5°, and 5°).</p> "> Figure 4
<p>(<b>a</b>) The reflectance curves of the edge filter under different surface roughness values. The simulation results of the reflectance curve of the edge filter with smooth surface, obtained with: (<b>b</b>) TFCalc; (<b>c</b>) uncorrelated surface roughness model. (<b>d</b>) The reflectance curve of the edge filter versus the thickness error.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>The reflectance curves of the edge filter with various random errors on each layer of the stack: (<b>a</b>) 0.1%~0.3%; (<b>b</b>) 0.4%~0.6%.</p> "> Figure 6
<p>The simulation and experimental results of the reflectance curves under different incident angles: (<b>a</b>) <span class="html-italic">s</span> polarization; (<b>b</b>) <span class="html-italic">p</span> polarization.</p> "> Figure 7
<p>(<b>a</b>) The measured normalized spectra of the 1070 nm laser (blue line) and the 1090 nm laser (red line). (<b>b</b>) The combining efficiency as a function of the surface roughness.</p> "> Figure 8
<p>(<b>a</b>) The combining efficiency as a function of the thickness error. (<b>b</b>) The combining efficiency as a function of the incident angle. The blue line represents the <span class="html-italic">s</span>-polarized light, and the red line represents the <span class="html-italic">p</span>-polarized light.</p> "> Figure 9
<p>(<b>a</b>) The encircled power versus surface roughness at a distance of 500 mm. The intensity profile of: (<b>b</b>) the ideal laser (surface roughness <span class="html-italic">σ</span> = 0 nm); (<b>c</b>) the reflected laser (surface roughness <span class="html-italic">σ</span> = 2 nm); (<b>d</b>) the transmitted laser (surface roughness <span class="html-italic">σ</span> = 2 nm), and (<b>e</b>) the combined laser (surface roughness <span class="html-italic">σ</span> = 2 nm), all at a distance of 500 mm.</p> "> Figure 10
<p>(<b>a</b>) The encircled power versus the propagation distance, with a surface roughness of 2 nm. The intensity profiles of the combined beam at different propagation distances <span class="html-italic">Z</span>; (<b>b</b>) <span class="html-italic">Z</span> = 0 mm; (<b>c</b>) <span class="html-italic">Z</span> = 80 mm; (<b>d</b>) <span class="html-italic">Z</span> = 160 mm; (<b>e</b>) <span class="html-italic">Z</span> = 240 mm; (<b>f</b>) <span class="html-italic">Z</span> = 320 mm; (<b>g</b>) <span class="html-italic">Z</span> = 500 mm.</p> "> Figure 11
<p>The measured complex amplitudes of the incident lasers.</p> "> Figure 12
<p>The encircled power versus surface roughness at a distance of 500 mm. The insets are the intensity profiles of the combined laser under different surface roughness values.</p> "> Figure 13
<p>The encircled power versus propagation distance, with a surface roughness of 0.85 nm. The insets display the intensity profiles of the combined beam at different propagation distances.</p> ">
Abstract
:Featured Application
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Theory
3. Simulation and Experimental Results
3.1. The Reflectance Curve of the Edge Filter
3.2. Effect of the Filter Optical Characteristics on the Combining Efficiency
3.3. Effect of the Filter Surface Roughness on the Combined Beam Quality
3.3.1. The Ideal Gaussian Beam
3.3.2. The Multimode Gaussian Beam
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ma, J.; Chen, F.; Wei, C.; Zhu, R. Modeling and Analysis of the Influence of an Edge Filter on the Combining Efficiency and Beam Quality of a 10-kW-Class Spectral Beam-Combining System. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 2152. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9102152
Ma J, Chen F, Wei C, Zhu R. Modeling and Analysis of the Influence of an Edge Filter on the Combining Efficiency and Beam Quality of a 10-kW-Class Spectral Beam-Combining System. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9(10):2152. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9102152
Chicago/Turabian StyleMa, Jun, Fan Chen, Cong Wei, and Rihong Zhu. 2019. "Modeling and Analysis of the Influence of an Edge Filter on the Combining Efficiency and Beam Quality of a 10-kW-Class Spectral Beam-Combining System" Applied Sciences 9, no. 10: 2152. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9102152