Exogenous Substances Improved Salt Tolerance in Cotton
<p>Effects of exogenous substance treatment on proline content in leaves of cotton seedlings under salt stress. Different letters indicated significant differences in the mean values of different exogenous substance treatments under the same salt stress (<span class="html-italic">p</span> < 0.05, n = 3). The vertical bar chart represents the mean ± standard deviation (SD) calculated from three repetitions. CK: distilled water, SS: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride, SS+S: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 12 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium nitrophenolate, SS+E: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 0.15 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 24-epibrassinolide, SS+G: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 309.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> γ-aminobutyric acid, MS: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract, MS+S: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 12 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium nitrophenolate, MS+E: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 0.15 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 24-epibrassinolide, MS+G: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 309.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> γ-aminobutyric acid.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Effects of exogenous substance treatment on malondialdehyde content in cotton seedling leaves under salt stress. Different letters indicated significant differences in the mean values of different exogenous substance treatments under the same salt stress (<span class="html-italic">p</span> < 0.05, n = 3). The vertical bar chart represents the mean ± standard deviation (SD) calculated from three repetitions. CK: distilled water, SS: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride, SS+S: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 12 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium nitrophenolate, SS+E: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 0.15 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 24-epibrassinolide, SS+G: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 309.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> γ-aminobutyric acid, MS: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract, MS+S: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 12 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium nitrophenolate, MS+E: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 0.15 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 24-epibrassinolide, MS+G: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 309.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> γ-aminobutyric acid.</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Effects of exogenous substance treatment on superoxide dismutase (<b>A</b>) and catalase (<b>B</b>) activities in cotton seedling leaves under salt stress. Different letters indicated significant differences in the mean values of different substance treatments under the same salt stress (<span class="html-italic">p</span> < 0.05, n = 3). The vertical bar chart represents the mean ± standard deviation (SD) calculated from three repetitions. CK: distilled water, SS: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride, SS+S: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 12 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium nitrophenolate, SS+E: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 0.15 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 24-epibrassinolide, SS+G: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 309.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> γ-aminobutyric acid, MS: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract, MS+S: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 12 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium nitrophenolate, MS+E: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 0.15 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 24-epibrassinolide, MS+G: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 309.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> γ-aminobutyric acid.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>Effects of exogenous substance treatment on Cl<sup>−</sup> (<b>A</b>), Na<sup>+</sup> (<b>B</b>), K<sup>+</sup> (<b>C</b>) and K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> (<b>D</b>) in cotton seedlings under salt stress. Different letters indicated significant differences in the mean values of different exogenous substance treatments under the same salt stress (<span class="html-italic">p</span> < 0.05, n = 3). The vertical bar chart represents the mean ± standard deviation (SD) calculated from three repetitions. CK: distilled water, SS: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride, SS+S: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 12 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium nitrophenolate, SS+E: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 0.15 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 24-epibrassinolide, SS+G: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 309.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> γ-aminobutyric acid, MS: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract, MS+S: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 12 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium nitrophenolate, MS+E: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 0.15 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 24-epibrassinolide, MS+G: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 309.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> γ-aminobutyric acid.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>Principal component biplots of exogenous substance treatment under single-salt (<b>A</b>) and mixed-salt (<b>B</b>) stresses. X1: height, X2: root dry weight, X3: stem dry weight, X4: leaf dry weight, X5: malondialdehyde, X6: superoxide dismutase, X7: catalase, X8: proline, X9: root Na<sup>+</sup>, X10: stem Na<sup>+</sup>, X11: leaf Na<sup>+</sup>, X12: root K<sup>+</sup>, X13: stem K<sup>+</sup>, X14: leaf K<sup>+</sup>, X15: root Cl<sup>−</sup>, X16: stem Cl<sup>−</sup>, X17: leaf Cl<sup>−</sup>. CK: distilled water, SS: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride, SS+S: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 12 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium nitrophenolate, SS+E: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 0.15 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 24-epibrassinolide, SS+G: 150 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium chloride + 309.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> γ-aminobutyric acid, MS: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract, MS+S: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 12 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> sodium nitrophenolate, MS+E: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 0.15 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 24-epibrassinolide, MS+G: 1.2% natural saline–alkaline soil extract + 309.3 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> γ-aminobutyric acid.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Location and Materials
2.2. Experimental Design
2.3. Index Determination and Methods
2.3.1. Growth Index Determination
2.3.2. Physiological Index Measurement
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Growth Characteristics
3.2. Proline Content
3.3. Malondialdehyde Content
3.4. Antioxidant Enzyme Activity
3.5. Ionic Content and K+/Na+ Ratio
3.6. Principal Component Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Title | Unit | High-Salt Solution |
---|---|---|
pH | — | 8.61 |
Salinity | g·kg−1 | 272.1 |
Electrical conductivity | S·m−1 | 6.772 |
HCO3− | g·kg−1 | 0.3942 |
Cl− | g·kg−1 | 109.0058 |
SO42− | g·kg−1 | 79.6118 |
Ca2+ | g·kg−1 | 2.4125 |
Mg2+ | g·kg−1 | 2.2074 |
K+ | g·kg−1 | 0.4705 |
Na+ | g·kg−1 | 37.15 |
Treatment | Height (cm) | Root Dry Weight (mg·plant−1) | Stem Dry Weight (mg·plant−1) | Leaf Dry Weight (mg·plant−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 7.2 ± 0.3 a | 86.7 ± 18.5 a | 165.1 ± 21 a | 155.3 ± 23 a |
SS | 6.2 ± 0.2 b | 37.7 ± 17.8 b | 156.6 ± 28.8 a | 108.3 ± 20 b |
SS+S | 7.1 ± 0.4 a | 48.7 ± 17.5 ab | 162.3 ± 15.9 a | 119.8 ± 20.8 ab |
SS+E | 6.9 ± 0.1 a | 40.9 ± 19.4 b | 159.9 ± 17.8 a | 125.4 ± 24.5 ab |
SS+G | 7.1 ± 0.5 a | 58.4 ± 21.3 ab | 162.2 ± 18.4 a | 132.6 ± 17.9 ab |
CK | 7.2 ± 0.3 a | 86.8 ± 18.5 a | 165.1 ± 21 a | 155.3 ± 23 a |
MS | 6.3 ± 0.2 b | 51.8 ± 20.3 a | 160.7 ± 25.3 a | 133.7 ± 21.5 a |
MS+S | 7 ± 0.2 a | 57.8 ± 20.1 a | 163.7 ± 23.6 a | 137.4 ± 27.3 a |
MS+E | 6.8 ± 0.2 a | 54.4 ± 17.2 a | 161.2 ± 22.2 a | 137.4 ± 26.2 a |
MS+G | 7.2 ± 0.3 a | 69 ± 18 a | 163.2 ± 18.9 a | 141.6 ± 18.6 a |
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Dong, Z.; Meng, A.; Qi, T.; Huang, J.; Yang, H.; Tayir, A.; Wang, B. Exogenous Substances Improved Salt Tolerance in Cotton. Agronomy 2024, 14, 2098. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14092098
Dong Z, Meng A, Qi T, Huang J, Yang H, Tayir A, Wang B. Exogenous Substances Improved Salt Tolerance in Cotton. Agronomy. 2024; 14(9):2098. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14092098
Chicago/Turabian StyleDong, Zhiduo, Ajing Meng, Tong Qi, Jian Huang, Huicong Yang, Aziguli Tayir, and Bo Wang. 2024. "Exogenous Substances Improved Salt Tolerance in Cotton" Agronomy 14, no. 9: 2098. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14092098