When this work was done the author was with the Ames Research Center, NASA, MS 245-4, Moffett Field, California 94035-1000; he is now with the California Space Institute, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0221, La Jolla, California 92093-0955.
Rayleigh-scattering cross sections and volume-scattering coefficients are computed for standard air; they incorporate the variation of the depolarization factor with wavelength. Rayleigh optical depths are then calculated for the 1962 U.S. Standard Atmosphere and for five supplementary models. Analytic formulas are derived for each of the parameters listed. The new optical depths can be 1.3% lower to 3% higher at midvisible wavelengths and up to 10% higher in the UV region compared with previous calculations, in which a constant or incorrect depolarization factor was used. The dispersion of the depolarization factor is also shown to affect the Rayleigh phase function slightly, by approximately 1% in the forward, backscattered, and 90° scattering-angle directions.
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King Correction Factor Fk, Depolarization Factor ρn, and γ, a Term Used in the Rayleigh Phase Function (Ref. 22)
Wavelength (μm)
Fk(air)
ρn
γ
0.200
1.080
4.545 (× 10−2)
2.326 (× 10−2)
0.205
1.077
4.384
2.241
0.210
1.074
4.221
2.156
0.215
1.072
4.113
2.100
0.220
1.070
4.004
2.043
0.225
1.068
3.895
1.986
0.230
1.066
3.785
1.930
0.240
1.064
3.675
1.872
0.250
1.062
3.565
1.815
0.260
1.060
3.455
1.758
0.270
1.059
3.400
1.729
0.280
1.057
3.289
1.672
0.290
1.056
3.233
1.643
0.300
1.055
3.178
1.614
0.310
1.055
3.178
1.614
0.320
1.054
3.122
1.586
0.330
1.053
3.066
1.557
0.340
1.053
3.066
1.557
0.350
1.052
3.010
1.528
0.360
1.052
3.010
1.528
0.370
1.052
3.010
1.528
0.380
1.051
2.955
1.499
0.390
1.051
2.955
1.499
0.400
1.051
2.955
1.499
0.450
1.050
2.899
1.471
0.500
1.049
2.842
1.442
0.550
1.049
2.842
1.442
0.600
1.048
2.786
1.413
0.650
1.048
2.786
1.413
0.700
1.048
2.786
1.413
0.750
1.048
2.786
1.413
0.800
1.047
2.730
1.384
0.850
1.047
2.730
1.384
0.900
1.047
2.730
1.384
0.950
1.047
2.730
1.384
1.000
1.047
2.730
1.384
Table 2
Total Rayleigh-Scattering Cross Section σ and Total Rayleigh Volume-Scattering Coefficient βs for Standard Air (PS = 1013.25 mbars, TS = 288.15 K)
Wavelength (μm)
Rayleigh-Scattering Cross Section σ (cm2)
Rayleigh Volume-Scattering Coefficient βs (km−1)
0.20
3.612 (× 10−25)
9.202 (× 10−1)
0.21
2.836
7.225
0.22
2.269
5.781
0.23
1.841
4.691
0.24
1.515
3.859
0.25
1.259
3.208
0.26
1.056
2.690
0.27
8.939 (× 10−26)
2.277
0.28
7.614
1.940
0.29
6.534
1.665
0.30
5.642
1.437
0.31
4.903
1.249
0.32
4.279
1.090
0.33
3.752
9.557 (× 10−2)
0.34
3.307
8.425
0.35
2.924
7.450
0.36
2.598
6.619
0.37
2.317
5.901
0.38
2.071
5.275
0.39
1.858
4.734
0.40
1.673
4.261
0.41
1.509
3.845
0.42
1.366
3.479
0.43
1.239
3.156
0.44
1.127
2.870
0.45
1.027
2.616
0.46
9.378 (× 10−27)
2.389
0.47
8.583
2.187
0.48
7.871
2.005
0.49
7.232
1.842
0.50
6.656
1.696
0.51
6.138
1.564
0.52
5.669
1.444
0.53
5.245
1.336
0.54
4.860
1.238
0.55
4.509
1.149
0.56
4.189
1.067
0.57
3.897
9.927 (× 10−3)
0.58
3.630
9.247
0.59
3.385
8.624
0.60
3.161
8.053
0.61
2.956
7.530
0.62
2.767
7.049
0.63
2.593
6.605
0.64
2.432
6.196
0.65
2.284
5.819
0.66
2.147
5.470
0.67
2.020
5.146
0.68
1.903
4.847
0.69
1.793
4.568
0.70
1.692
4.310
0.71
1.597
4.069
0.72
1.510
3.846
0.73
1.428
3.637
0.74
1.351
3.442
0.75
1.280
3.261
0.76
1.213
3.090
0.77
1.150
2.931
0.78
1.092
2.781
0.79
1.037
2.641
0.80
9.854 (× 10−28)
2.510
0.90
6.129
1.561
1.00
4.010
1.022
1.10
2.734
6.964 (× 10−4)
1.20
1.927
4.909
1.30
1.398
3.560
1.40
1.038
2.644
1.50
7.872 (× 10−29)
2.005
1.60
6.077
1.548
1.70
4.766
1.214
1.80
3.790
9.656 (× 10−5)
1.90
3.052
7.775
2.00
2.485
6.331
2.20
1.697
4.322
2.40
1.197
3.050
2.60
8.691 (× 10−30)
2.214
2.80
6.460
1.646
3.00
4.901
1.249
3.50
2.645
6.737 (× 10−6)
4.00
1.550
3.948
Table 3
Constants Used in Analytic Formulas for the Total Rayleigh-Scattering Cross Section and Total Rayleigh Volume-Scattering Coefficient (for Standard Air): σ or β = Aλ−(B+Cλ+D/λ)
λ
Coefficients
0.2–0.5 μm
>0.5 μm
A (cross section)
3.01577 × 10−28
4.01061 × 10−28
A (volume scattering)
7.68246 × 10−4
10.21675 × 10−4
B
3.55212
3.99668
C
1.35579
1.10298 × 10−3
D
0.11563
2.71393 × 10−2
Table 4
Rayleigh Optical Depths at 0-km Altitude for Six Different Atmosphere Models
Wavelength (μm)
Tropical (15° N)
Midlatitude Summer (45° N, July)
Midlatitude Winter (45° N, January)
Subarctic Summer (60° N, July)
Subarctic Winter (60° N, January)
1962 U.S. Standard
0.20
7.819
7.807
7.826
7.761
7.783
7.788
0.21
6.139
6.129
6.145
6.093
6.111
6.114
0.22
4.912
4.904
4.917
4.876
4.890
4.892
0.23
3.986
3.979
3.990
3.956
3.968
3.970
0.24
3.279
3.274
3.282
3.255
3.264
3.266
0.25
2.725
2.721
2.728
2.705
2.713
2.714
0.26
2.286
2.282
2.288
2.269
2.276
2.277
0.27
1.935
1.932
1.937
1.920
1.926
1.927
0.28
1.648
1.645
1.650
1.636
1.640
1.641
0.29
1.414
1.412
1.416
1.404
1.408
1.409
0.30
1.221
1.219
1.222
1.212
1.216
1.216
0.31
1.061
1.060
1.062
1.053
1.056
1.057
0.32
9.262 (× 10−1)
9.247 (× 10−1)
9.271 (× 10−1)
9.193 (× 10−1)
9.220 (× 10−1)
9.225 (× 10−1)
0.33
8.121
8.108
8.129
8.061
8.084
8.088
0.34
7.158
7.147
7.165
7.105
7.126
7.130
0.35
6.330
6.320
6.336
6.283
6.301
6.304
0.36
5.624
5.615
5.629
5.582
5.598
5.601
0.37
5.014
5.006
5.019
4.977
4.991
4.994
0.38
4.482
4.475
4.486
4.449
4.461
4.464
0.39
4.022
4.016
4.026
3.992
4.004
4.006
0.40
3.620
3.615
3.624
3.594
3.604
3.606
0.41
3.267
3.262
3.270
3.243
3.252
3.254
0.42
2.956
2.952
2.959
2.935
2.943
2.945
0.43
2.682
2.678
2.684
2.662
2.670
2.671
0.44
2.439
2.435
2.441
2.421
2.428
2.429
0.45
2.223
2.219
2.225
2.206
2.212
2.214
0.46
2.030
2.027
2.032
2.015
2.021
2.022
0.47
1.858
1.855
1.860
1.844
1.849
1.850
0.48
1.704
1.701
1.705
1.691
1.696
1.697
0.49
1.565
1.563
1.567
1.554
1.558
1.559
0.50
1.441
1.438
1.442
1.430
1.434
1.435
0.51
1.329
1.326
1.330
1.319
1.322
1.323
0.52
1.227
1.225
1.228
1.218
1.222
1.222
0.53
1.135
1.133
1.136
1.127
1.130
1.131
0.54
1.052
1.050
1.053
1.044
1.047
1.048
0.55
9.760 (× 10−2)
9.745 (× 10−2)
9.769 (× 10−2)
9.688 (× 10−2)
9.761 (× 10−2)
9.721 (× 10−2)
0.56
9.067
9.053
9.076
9.000
9.026
9.031
0.57
8.435
8.422
8.443
8.373
8.396
8.401
0.58
7.857
7.845
7.865
7.799
7.821
7.826
0.59
7.328
7.316
7.335
7.274
7.294
7.298
0.60
6.842
6.832
6.849
6.792
6.811
6.815
0.61
6.398
6.388
6.404
6.351
6.369
6.372
0.62
5.989
5.980
5.995
5.945
5.962
5.965
0.63
5.612
5.604
5.618
5.571
5.587
5.590
0.64
5.265
5.257
5.270
5.226
5.241
5.244
0.65
4.944
4.936
4.949
4.908
4.922
4.924
0.66
4.647
4.640
4.652
4.613
4.626
4.629
0.67
4.373
4.366
4.377
4.340
4.353
4.355
0.68
4.118
4.112
4.122
4.088
4.099
4.102
0.69
3.882
3.876
3.885
3.853
3.864
3.866
0.70
3.662
3.656
3.666
3.635
3.645
3.647
0.71
3.458
3.452
3.461
3.432
3.442
3.444
0.72
3.268
3.262
3.271
3.243
3.253
3.254
0.73
3.090
3.085
3.093
3.067
3.076
3.078
0.74
2.925
2.920
2.928
2.903
2.912
2.913
0.75
2.770
2.766
2.773
2.750
2.758
2.759
0.76
2.626
2.621
2.628
2.606
2.614
2.615
0.77
2.490
2.486
2.492
2.472
2.479
2.480
0.78
2.363
2.359
2.365
2.346
2.352
2.354
0.79
2.244
2.241
2.246
2.228
2.234
2.235
0.80
2.133
2.129
2.135
2.117
2.123
2.124
0.90
1.326
1.324
1.328
1.317
1.320
1.321
1.00
8.680 (× 10−3)
8.666 (× 10−3)
8.688 (× 10−3)
8.616 (× 10−3)
8.640 (× 10−3)
8.645 (× 10−3)
1.10
5.917
5.908
5.923
5.873
5.890
5.893
1.20
4.171
4.165
4.175
4.141
4.152
4.155
1.30
3.025
3.020
3.028
3.003
3.011
3.013
1.40
2.247
2.243
2.249
2.230
2.237
2.238
1.50
1.704
1.701
1.705
1.691
1.696
1.697
1.60
1.315
1.313
1.317
1.306
1.309
1.310
1.70
1.032
1.030
1.033
1.024
1.027
1.027
1.80
8.204 (× 10−4)
8.191 (× 10−4)
8.212 (× 10−4)
8.143 (× 10−4)
8.167 (× 10−4)
8.171 (× 10−4)
1.90
6.606
6.596
6.613
6.557
6.576
6.580
2.00
5.379
5.371
5.384
5.339
5.355
5.358
2.20
3.672
3.666
3.676
3.645
3.655
3.658
2.40
2.592
2.588
2.594
2.573
2.580
2.581
2.60
1.881
1.878
1.883
1.867
1.873
1.874
2.80
1.398
1.396
1.400
1.388
1.392
1.393
3.00
1.061
1.059
1.062
1.053
1.056
1.057
3.50
5.724 (× 10−5)
5.715 (× 10−5)
5.730 (× 10−5)
5.682 (× 10−5)
5.698 (× 10−5)
5.702 (× 10−5)
4.00
3.355
3.350
3.358
3.330
3.340
3.341
Table 5
Constants Used in the Analytic Formula for the Optical Depth Along with the Surface Pressure and Temperature of Each Model Atmosphere Used in Table 4a
Model
A
P(z0 = 0) (mbars)
T(z0 = 0) (K)
0.2–0.5 μm
λ > 0.5 μm
Tropical
6.52965 × 10−3
8.68094 × 10−3
1013
300
Midlatitude Summer
6.51949 × 10−3
8.66735 × 10−3
1013
294
Midlatitude Winter
6.53602 × 10−3
8.68941 × 10−3
1018
272.2
Subarctic Summer
6.48153 × 10−3
8.61695 × 10−3
1010
287
Subarctic Winter
6.49997 × 10−3
8.64145 × 10−3
1013
257.1
1962 U.S. Standard
6.50362 × 10−3
8.64627 × 10−3
1013
288.1
Form of the analytic formula is as given in Table 3. The B, C, and D coefficients are given in Table 3.
Tables (5)
Table 1
King Correction Factor Fk, Depolarization Factor ρn, and γ, a Term Used in the Rayleigh Phase Function (Ref. 22)
Wavelength (μm)
Fk(air)
ρn
γ
0.200
1.080
4.545 (× 10−2)
2.326 (× 10−2)
0.205
1.077
4.384
2.241
0.210
1.074
4.221
2.156
0.215
1.072
4.113
2.100
0.220
1.070
4.004
2.043
0.225
1.068
3.895
1.986
0.230
1.066
3.785
1.930
0.240
1.064
3.675
1.872
0.250
1.062
3.565
1.815
0.260
1.060
3.455
1.758
0.270
1.059
3.400
1.729
0.280
1.057
3.289
1.672
0.290
1.056
3.233
1.643
0.300
1.055
3.178
1.614
0.310
1.055
3.178
1.614
0.320
1.054
3.122
1.586
0.330
1.053
3.066
1.557
0.340
1.053
3.066
1.557
0.350
1.052
3.010
1.528
0.360
1.052
3.010
1.528
0.370
1.052
3.010
1.528
0.380
1.051
2.955
1.499
0.390
1.051
2.955
1.499
0.400
1.051
2.955
1.499
0.450
1.050
2.899
1.471
0.500
1.049
2.842
1.442
0.550
1.049
2.842
1.442
0.600
1.048
2.786
1.413
0.650
1.048
2.786
1.413
0.700
1.048
2.786
1.413
0.750
1.048
2.786
1.413
0.800
1.047
2.730
1.384
0.850
1.047
2.730
1.384
0.900
1.047
2.730
1.384
0.950
1.047
2.730
1.384
1.000
1.047
2.730
1.384
Table 2
Total Rayleigh-Scattering Cross Section σ and Total Rayleigh Volume-Scattering Coefficient βs for Standard Air (PS = 1013.25 mbars, TS = 288.15 K)
Wavelength (μm)
Rayleigh-Scattering Cross Section σ (cm2)
Rayleigh Volume-Scattering Coefficient βs (km−1)
0.20
3.612 (× 10−25)
9.202 (× 10−1)
0.21
2.836
7.225
0.22
2.269
5.781
0.23
1.841
4.691
0.24
1.515
3.859
0.25
1.259
3.208
0.26
1.056
2.690
0.27
8.939 (× 10−26)
2.277
0.28
7.614
1.940
0.29
6.534
1.665
0.30
5.642
1.437
0.31
4.903
1.249
0.32
4.279
1.090
0.33
3.752
9.557 (× 10−2)
0.34
3.307
8.425
0.35
2.924
7.450
0.36
2.598
6.619
0.37
2.317
5.901
0.38
2.071
5.275
0.39
1.858
4.734
0.40
1.673
4.261
0.41
1.509
3.845
0.42
1.366
3.479
0.43
1.239
3.156
0.44
1.127
2.870
0.45
1.027
2.616
0.46
9.378 (× 10−27)
2.389
0.47
8.583
2.187
0.48
7.871
2.005
0.49
7.232
1.842
0.50
6.656
1.696
0.51
6.138
1.564
0.52
5.669
1.444
0.53
5.245
1.336
0.54
4.860
1.238
0.55
4.509
1.149
0.56
4.189
1.067
0.57
3.897
9.927 (× 10−3)
0.58
3.630
9.247
0.59
3.385
8.624
0.60
3.161
8.053
0.61
2.956
7.530
0.62
2.767
7.049
0.63
2.593
6.605
0.64
2.432
6.196
0.65
2.284
5.819
0.66
2.147
5.470
0.67
2.020
5.146
0.68
1.903
4.847
0.69
1.793
4.568
0.70
1.692
4.310
0.71
1.597
4.069
0.72
1.510
3.846
0.73
1.428
3.637
0.74
1.351
3.442
0.75
1.280
3.261
0.76
1.213
3.090
0.77
1.150
2.931
0.78
1.092
2.781
0.79
1.037
2.641
0.80
9.854 (× 10−28)
2.510
0.90
6.129
1.561
1.00
4.010
1.022
1.10
2.734
6.964 (× 10−4)
1.20
1.927
4.909
1.30
1.398
3.560
1.40
1.038
2.644
1.50
7.872 (× 10−29)
2.005
1.60
6.077
1.548
1.70
4.766
1.214
1.80
3.790
9.656 (× 10−5)
1.90
3.052
7.775
2.00
2.485
6.331
2.20
1.697
4.322
2.40
1.197
3.050
2.60
8.691 (× 10−30)
2.214
2.80
6.460
1.646
3.00
4.901
1.249
3.50
2.645
6.737 (× 10−6)
4.00
1.550
3.948
Table 3
Constants Used in Analytic Formulas for the Total Rayleigh-Scattering Cross Section and Total Rayleigh Volume-Scattering Coefficient (for Standard Air): σ or β = Aλ−(B+Cλ+D/λ)
λ
Coefficients
0.2–0.5 μm
>0.5 μm
A (cross section)
3.01577 × 10−28
4.01061 × 10−28
A (volume scattering)
7.68246 × 10−4
10.21675 × 10−4
B
3.55212
3.99668
C
1.35579
1.10298 × 10−3
D
0.11563
2.71393 × 10−2
Table 4
Rayleigh Optical Depths at 0-km Altitude for Six Different Atmosphere Models
Wavelength (μm)
Tropical (15° N)
Midlatitude Summer (45° N, July)
Midlatitude Winter (45° N, January)
Subarctic Summer (60° N, July)
Subarctic Winter (60° N, January)
1962 U.S. Standard
0.20
7.819
7.807
7.826
7.761
7.783
7.788
0.21
6.139
6.129
6.145
6.093
6.111
6.114
0.22
4.912
4.904
4.917
4.876
4.890
4.892
0.23
3.986
3.979
3.990
3.956
3.968
3.970
0.24
3.279
3.274
3.282
3.255
3.264
3.266
0.25
2.725
2.721
2.728
2.705
2.713
2.714
0.26
2.286
2.282
2.288
2.269
2.276
2.277
0.27
1.935
1.932
1.937
1.920
1.926
1.927
0.28
1.648
1.645
1.650
1.636
1.640
1.641
0.29
1.414
1.412
1.416
1.404
1.408
1.409
0.30
1.221
1.219
1.222
1.212
1.216
1.216
0.31
1.061
1.060
1.062
1.053
1.056
1.057
0.32
9.262 (× 10−1)
9.247 (× 10−1)
9.271 (× 10−1)
9.193 (× 10−1)
9.220 (× 10−1)
9.225 (× 10−1)
0.33
8.121
8.108
8.129
8.061
8.084
8.088
0.34
7.158
7.147
7.165
7.105
7.126
7.130
0.35
6.330
6.320
6.336
6.283
6.301
6.304
0.36
5.624
5.615
5.629
5.582
5.598
5.601
0.37
5.014
5.006
5.019
4.977
4.991
4.994
0.38
4.482
4.475
4.486
4.449
4.461
4.464
0.39
4.022
4.016
4.026
3.992
4.004
4.006
0.40
3.620
3.615
3.624
3.594
3.604
3.606
0.41
3.267
3.262
3.270
3.243
3.252
3.254
0.42
2.956
2.952
2.959
2.935
2.943
2.945
0.43
2.682
2.678
2.684
2.662
2.670
2.671
0.44
2.439
2.435
2.441
2.421
2.428
2.429
0.45
2.223
2.219
2.225
2.206
2.212
2.214
0.46
2.030
2.027
2.032
2.015
2.021
2.022
0.47
1.858
1.855
1.860
1.844
1.849
1.850
0.48
1.704
1.701
1.705
1.691
1.696
1.697
0.49
1.565
1.563
1.567
1.554
1.558
1.559
0.50
1.441
1.438
1.442
1.430
1.434
1.435
0.51
1.329
1.326
1.330
1.319
1.322
1.323
0.52
1.227
1.225
1.228
1.218
1.222
1.222
0.53
1.135
1.133
1.136
1.127
1.130
1.131
0.54
1.052
1.050
1.053
1.044
1.047
1.048
0.55
9.760 (× 10−2)
9.745 (× 10−2)
9.769 (× 10−2)
9.688 (× 10−2)
9.761 (× 10−2)
9.721 (× 10−2)
0.56
9.067
9.053
9.076
9.000
9.026
9.031
0.57
8.435
8.422
8.443
8.373
8.396
8.401
0.58
7.857
7.845
7.865
7.799
7.821
7.826
0.59
7.328
7.316
7.335
7.274
7.294
7.298
0.60
6.842
6.832
6.849
6.792
6.811
6.815
0.61
6.398
6.388
6.404
6.351
6.369
6.372
0.62
5.989
5.980
5.995
5.945
5.962
5.965
0.63
5.612
5.604
5.618
5.571
5.587
5.590
0.64
5.265
5.257
5.270
5.226
5.241
5.244
0.65
4.944
4.936
4.949
4.908
4.922
4.924
0.66
4.647
4.640
4.652
4.613
4.626
4.629
0.67
4.373
4.366
4.377
4.340
4.353
4.355
0.68
4.118
4.112
4.122
4.088
4.099
4.102
0.69
3.882
3.876
3.885
3.853
3.864
3.866
0.70
3.662
3.656
3.666
3.635
3.645
3.647
0.71
3.458
3.452
3.461
3.432
3.442
3.444
0.72
3.268
3.262
3.271
3.243
3.253
3.254
0.73
3.090
3.085
3.093
3.067
3.076
3.078
0.74
2.925
2.920
2.928
2.903
2.912
2.913
0.75
2.770
2.766
2.773
2.750
2.758
2.759
0.76
2.626
2.621
2.628
2.606
2.614
2.615
0.77
2.490
2.486
2.492
2.472
2.479
2.480
0.78
2.363
2.359
2.365
2.346
2.352
2.354
0.79
2.244
2.241
2.246
2.228
2.234
2.235
0.80
2.133
2.129
2.135
2.117
2.123
2.124
0.90
1.326
1.324
1.328
1.317
1.320
1.321
1.00
8.680 (× 10−3)
8.666 (× 10−3)
8.688 (× 10−3)
8.616 (× 10−3)
8.640 (× 10−3)
8.645 (× 10−3)
1.10
5.917
5.908
5.923
5.873
5.890
5.893
1.20
4.171
4.165
4.175
4.141
4.152
4.155
1.30
3.025
3.020
3.028
3.003
3.011
3.013
1.40
2.247
2.243
2.249
2.230
2.237
2.238
1.50
1.704
1.701
1.705
1.691
1.696
1.697
1.60
1.315
1.313
1.317
1.306
1.309
1.310
1.70
1.032
1.030
1.033
1.024
1.027
1.027
1.80
8.204 (× 10−4)
8.191 (× 10−4)
8.212 (× 10−4)
8.143 (× 10−4)
8.167 (× 10−4)
8.171 (× 10−4)
1.90
6.606
6.596
6.613
6.557
6.576
6.580
2.00
5.379
5.371
5.384
5.339
5.355
5.358
2.20
3.672
3.666
3.676
3.645
3.655
3.658
2.40
2.592
2.588
2.594
2.573
2.580
2.581
2.60
1.881
1.878
1.883
1.867
1.873
1.874
2.80
1.398
1.396
1.400
1.388
1.392
1.393
3.00
1.061
1.059
1.062
1.053
1.056
1.057
3.50
5.724 (× 10−5)
5.715 (× 10−5)
5.730 (× 10−5)
5.682 (× 10−5)
5.698 (× 10−5)
5.702 (× 10−5)
4.00
3.355
3.350
3.358
3.330
3.340
3.341
Table 5
Constants Used in the Analytic Formula for the Optical Depth Along with the Surface Pressure and Temperature of Each Model Atmosphere Used in Table 4a
Model
A
P(z0 = 0) (mbars)
T(z0 = 0) (K)
0.2–0.5 μm
λ > 0.5 μm
Tropical
6.52965 × 10−3
8.68094 × 10−3
1013
300
Midlatitude Summer
6.51949 × 10−3
8.66735 × 10−3
1013
294
Midlatitude Winter
6.53602 × 10−3
8.68941 × 10−3
1018
272.2
Subarctic Summer
6.48153 × 10−3
8.61695 × 10−3
1010
287
Subarctic Winter
6.49997 × 10−3
8.64145 × 10−3
1013
257.1
1962 U.S. Standard
6.50362 × 10−3
8.64627 × 10−3
1013
288.1
Form of the analytic formula is as given in Table 3. The B, C, and D coefficients are given in Table 3.
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