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DNA amounts of roses (Rosa L.) and their use in attributing ploidy levels

  • Genetics and Genomics
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Abstract

The aims of the investigation were to characterise variability among the DNA amounts of roses and assess the predictability of ploidy levels from DNA amounts. Chromosome numbers in the genus Rosa range from 2n = 2x = 14 to 2n = 8x = 56 and aneuploidy is rare. Published 2C DNA amounts range from 0.78 pg in R. xanthina Lindl. and R. sericea Lindl. (2n = 2x = 14) to 2.91 pg in R. canina L. (2n = 5x = 35). In this investigation, DNA amounts were estimated by flow cytometry of leaf nuclei stained with propidium iodide, using Petroselinum crispum (2C DNA amount = 4.46 pg) as the internal calibration standard. Ploidy levels based on DNA amounts (DNA ploidy) were assigned by comparing their DNA amounts with published DNA amounts and identifying peaks and intervening discontinuities in frequency distributions of DNA amounts. 2C DNA amounts ranged from 0.83 pg in R. ecae (2x = 2x = 14) to 3.99 pg in R. acicularis (2n = 8x = 56). Differences in the 1Cx-values (2C DNA amount/ploidy values) were found among the taxonomic sections of Rosa. Ploidy levels could be confidently assigned to most species and cultivars, but the ploidy of some specimens in the section Caninae was uncertain for reasons attributed to genomic diversity and aneuploidy. Cytochimerism was detected in three cultivars of R. × alba. DNA ploidy was determined in 384 specimens representing 74 species and 5 horticultural classes.

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Acknowledgements

This report is based on a pilot project, which was supported by funds of the German Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection but the responsibility for the content of the publication rests with the authors. We thank the town of Sangerhausen and the foundation Europa-Rosarium Sangerhausen in the Association of German Rose Friends (Gesellschaft Deutscher Rosenfreunde e. V.) for their support.

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  1. Th. Gladis

    Present address: , Burgtalstr. 11, 79356, Eichstetten am Kaiserstuhl, Germany

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Health and Bioscience, University of East London, Romford Road, London, E15 4LZ, UK

    A. V. Roberts

  2. Europa-Rosarium, Steinberger Weg 3, 06526, Sangerhausen, Germany

    Th. Gladis & H. Brumme

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  1. A. V. Roberts
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  2. Th. Gladis
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  3. H. Brumme
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Correspondence to A. V. Roberts.

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Communicated by R. Rose.

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Roberts, A.V., Gladis, T. & Brumme, H. DNA amounts of roses (Rosa L.) and their use in attributing ploidy levels. Plant Cell Rep 28, 61–71 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-008-0615-9

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