This paper forms part of an ongoing research to derive a Generalised Forward Formulation (GFF) for the forward problem in EIT capable of accommodating irregular and moving boundary surfaces. In this work, we introduce a promising... more
This paper forms part of an ongoing research to derive a Generalised Forward Formulation (GFF) for the forward problem in EIT capable of accommodating irregular and moving boundary surfaces. In this work, we introduce a promising conceptual and numerical blend for the EIT problem namely the use of wavelets in Domain Embedding methods. In principle, the original domain is registered
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This paper forms part of an ongoing research to derive a generalised formulation for the forward problem in EIT capable of accommodating irregular and moving boundary surfaces, ideally, under a exible and scalable conguration. Wavelets,... more
This paper forms part of an ongoing research to derive a generalised formulation for the forward problem in EIT capable of accommodating irregular and moving boundary surfaces, ideally, under a exible and scalable conguration. Wavelets, as basis functions, seem to be the best candidate in supporting such a framework and here are investigated as an alternative to the standard, tailored
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In this paper, we present a novel framework to segment and quantify stenosed coronary arteries in 3D contrast enhanced computed tomography angiography (CTA). According to our knowledge, no commercially available software package permits... more
In this paper, we present a novel framework to segment and quantify stenosed coronary arteries in 3D contrast enhanced computed tomography angiography (CTA). According to our knowledge, no commercially available software package permits fully automated detection and assessment of atherosclerotic stenosis. Therefore, in clinical practice, the radiologist has to make a detailed evaluation, segment by segment, which is obviously a
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Gradient operators are used in image processing and computer vision to detect edges and estimate their local orientation. Most operators have to process the entire image. In this paper, an edge contour extraction technique is presented.... more
Gradient operators are used in image processing and computer vision to detect edges and estimate their local orientation. Most operators have to process the entire image. In this paper, an edge contour extraction technique is presented. The proposed technique is based on the gradient magnitude and a quantisation of gradient directions. Its distinctive aspect consists in that the technique does not process the entire image to extract edge contours. It detects an edge region and locates an edge. The pixel coordinates where the edge is located are used as an anchor for tracking an edge contour. Edges in a contour have a common quantised gradient direction. Experimental validation using ground-truth edge images is presented. The proposed technique is compared to the Sobel and the Canny operators. It produces results similar to the Canny edge detector, in terms of true positive rate, false positive rate and false positive edge probability.
The dynamically changing nature and the complex behaviour of processes in manufacturing cells dictate the need for lean, agile and flexible manufacturing systems. This research describes a versatile, intelligent vision system capable of... more
The dynamically changing nature and the complex behaviour of processes in manufacturing cells dictate the need for lean, agile and flexible manufacturing systems. This research describes a versatile, intelligent vision system capable of performing a variety of tasks for the manufacturing process. The key features of the system are reconfigurability, adaptation, and real-time performance. It is based on higher-order neural
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In the forward EIT-problem numerical solutions of an elliptic partial differential equation are required. Given the arbitrary geometries encountered, the Finite Element Method (FEM) is, naturally, the method of choice. Nowadays, in EIT... more
In the forward EIT-problem numerical solutions of an elliptic partial differential equation are required. Given the arbitrary geometries encountered, the Finite Element Method (FEM) is, naturally, the method of choice. Nowadays, in EIT applications, there is an increasing demand for finer Finite Element mesh models. This in turn results to a soaring number of degrees of freedom and an excessive number of unknowns. As such, only piece-wise linear basis functions can practically be employed to maintain inexpensive computations. In addition, domain reduction and/or compression schemes are often sought to further counteract for the growing number of unknowns. In this paper, we replace the piece-wise linear with wavelet basis functions (coupled with the domain embedding method) to enable sparse approximations of the forward computations. Given that the forward solutions are repeatedly, if not extensively, utilised during the image reconstruction process, considerable computational saving...
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In the past years, much research has been done about ocular hemodynamics using fluorescein angiography. One of the most promising parameters is the transit time of retinal blood flow, which tries to determining how long a dye takes in... more
In the past years, much research has been done about ocular hemodynamics using fluorescein angiography. One of the most promising parameters is the transit time of retinal blood flow, which tries to determining how long a dye takes in reach, fills out and leaves the human retina. To achieve this, both individual angiograms and sets of them have to be
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The current demand for versatile medical diagnostics has created a significant increase in the development of NIR spectroscopic techniques due to the relative transparency of body fluids and soft tissue in this spectral region.... more
The current demand for versatile medical diagnostics has created a significant increase in the development of NIR spectroscopic techniques due to the relative transparency of body fluids and soft tissue in this spectral region. Specifically the non-invasive determination of blood substrates is a desirable measurement as a guide to the pathological condition of the patient, since blood forms the primary
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Optic disc detection is an important task in retinal imaging due to its significance in both clinical and image understanding aspects. In the clinical setting, the optic disc represents the entrance and exit sites of vascular and nervous... more
Optic disc detection is an important task in retinal imaging due to its significance in both clinical and image understanding aspects. In the clinical setting, the optic disc represents the entrance and exit sites of vascular and nervous structures, and its size and shape could be used in diagnostics and treatment of diseases, such as glaucoma. In terms of automated retinal analysis systems, it is used as a landmark point in retinal image registration, the starting point for vessel tracking, and in determining the geometry of the retina. Several approaches have been proposed, the majority of which use intensity - or shape-based techniques. Recently, approaches that combine intensity, shape and information regarding vascular structures have been used with good results. In this paper, a method that combines information from the major blood vessels is investigated and compared with intensity - and shape-based techniques, when used on their own. The image set employed to evaluate the pr...
It is well-known that age-related macular degeneration is the main cause of visual impairment in industrialised countries affecting around 239,000 people in UK while demonstrating an increasing trend. Fluorescein angiography is the most... more
It is well-known that age-related macular degeneration is the main cause of visual impairment in industrialised countries affecting around 239,000 people in UK while demonstrating an increasing trend. Fluorescein angiography is the most widely used technique in the diagnosis, prognosis and in following up the development of the disease. The interpretation of fluorescein angiograms depends upon the detection of abnormal fluorescence and clinical assessment of the functional integrity of retinal circulation, which is primarily based on subjective evaluation of the dye transit-time. This study presents a prototype system for quantitative analysis of the retinal haemodynamics. It analyses retinal blood flow based on the estimation of parameters such as mean transit-time, arteriovenous passage time and mean dye velocity. These parameters are estimated using densitometry and analysis of the vascular response. The prototype system consists of three main stages: vessel segmentation, image r...
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Research Interests: Bioinformatics, Inverse Problems, Tomography, Humans, Computer Simulation, and 16 moreImage Reconstruction, Maximum Likelihood, Animals, Dielectric Spectroscopy, Fisher information, Electrical Impedance Tomography, Inverse Problem, Eigenvalue analysis, Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Image Enhancement, Statistical Properties, Reproducibility of Results, Covariance Matrix, Sensitivity and Specificity, Human Subjects, and Multivariate Normal Distribution
... 130137. [7] Adam Hoover, Valentina Kouznetsova, and Michael Goldbaum, Locating BloodVessels in Retinal ... [9] Y. Tolias and SM Panas, A fuzzy vessel tracking algorithm for ... [10] L. Zhou, MS Rzeszotarski, LJ Singerman, and JM... more
... 130137. [7] Adam Hoover, Valentina Kouznetsova, and Michael Goldbaum, Locating BloodVessels in Retinal ... [9] Y. Tolias and SM Panas, A fuzzy vessel tracking algorithm for ... [10] L. Zhou, MS Rzeszotarski, LJ Singerman, and JM Chokreff, The detection and quantification of ...
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This paper proposes a new nonparametric regression method, based on the combination of generalized regression neural networks (GRNNs), density-dependent multiple kernel bandwidths, and regularization. The presented model is generic and... more
This paper proposes a new nonparametric regression method, based on the combination of generalized regression neural networks (GRNNs), density-dependent multiple kernel bandwidths, and regularization. The presented model is generic and substitutes the very large number of bandwidths with a much smaller number of trainable weights that control the regression model. It depends on sets of extracted data density features which
Research Interests: Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Nonlinear dynamics, Network Management, Multidisciplinary, and 13 moreSoftware, Computer Simulation, Regression Analysis, Density dependence, Nonparametric Regression, Information Storage and Retrieval, Second Order, Regression Model, Function approximation, Bayes Theorem, General Regression Neural Network, Automatic data processing, and Computing Methodologies
Studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) are consistent in demonstrating a high negative predictive accuracy, but only a modest positive predictive accuracy for the detection of... more
Studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) are consistent in demonstrating a high negative predictive accuracy, but only a modest positive predictive accuracy for the detection of significant coronary artery disease. Consequentially, there has been a considerable effort made to enhance the diagnostic capability of coronary CTA by developing scanner technology and also post-processing algorithms for coronary stenosis evaluation. Of these new developments, the proposition of being able to measure non-invasive fractional flow reserve by coronary computed tomography angiography (FFRct) has generated much recent interest. Initial reports indicate that the application FFRct not only correlates well with invasive fractional flow reserve but also has the potential to enhance substantially the positive predictive accuracy and overall accuracy of coronary CTA. Although it is theoretically possible to measure FFRct using complex computationa...
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A novel system for depth estimation is proposed with the use of Symbiotic Genetic Algorithms for the continuous problem of disparity surface approximation. The approach is based on the decomposition of the entire surface to very small... more
A novel system for depth estimation is proposed with the use of Symbiotic Genetic Algorithms for the continuous problem of disparity surface approximation. The approach is based on the decomposition of the entire surface to very small non-overlapping patches described by low-order bivariate polynomials and the use of symbiotic optimisation to enforce smoothness at the boundaries of these patches, so that the entire surface can be approximated in a smooth piecewise fashion by functionals of local support. Such optimisation is amenable to a massive parallel implementation, since each patch is optimised by a different execution unit and each unit communicates through its cost function only with its four-connected neighbours. The method makes use of various existing crossover and mutation schemes for real-valued chromosome representations and a new problem-specific mechanism for generating and hybridising the initial populations. The proposed multi-objective cost function enforces photo...
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Objective, non-invasive measures of lung maturity and development, oxygen requirements and lung function, suitable for use in small, unsedated infants, are urgently required to define the nature and severity of persisting lung disease,... more
Objective, non-invasive measures of lung maturity and development, oxygen requirements and lung function, suitable for use in small, unsedated infants, are urgently required to define the nature and severity of persisting lung disease, and to identify risk factors for developing chronic lung problems. Disorders of lung growth, maturation and control of breathing are among the most important problems faced by the neonatologists. At present, no system for continuous monitoring of neonate lung function to reduce the risk of chronic lung disease in infancy in intensive care units exists. We are in the process of developing a new integrated electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system based on wearable technology to integrate measures of the boundary diameter from the boundary form for neonates into the reconstruction algorithm. In principle, this approach could provide a reduction of image artefacts in the reconstructed image associated with incorrect boundary form assumptions. In this paper, we investigate the required accuracy of the boundary form that would be suitable to minimize artefacts in the reconstruction for neonate lung function. The number of data points needed to create the required boundary form is automatically determined using genetic algorithms. The approach presented in this paper is to assist quality of the reconstruction using different approximations to the ideal boundary form. We also investigate the use of a wavelet algebraic multi-grid (WAMG) preconditioner to reduce the reconstruction computation requirements. Results are presented that demonstrate a full 3D model is required to minimize artefact in the reconstructed image and the implementation of a WAMG for EIT.
Research Interests: Algorithms, Biomedical Engineering, Genetic Algorithm, Tomography, Lung Function, and 14 moreHumans, INTENSIVE CARE, Electrical Impedance Tomography, Medical Physiology, Risk factors, Lung, Newborn Infant, Intensive Care Unit, Risk Factors, Electrodes, Chronic lung disease, X ray Computed Tomography, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, and Electric Impedance
... In their adaptive neuro-evolution system, Moriarti et al. [24] used one population to evolve individual neurons encoding connectivity and weights and a second population to evolve networks composed of neurons from the former... more
... In their adaptive neuro-evolution system, Moriarti et al. [24] used one population to evolve individual neurons encoding connectivity and weights and a second population to evolve networks composed of neurons from the former population. Puppala et al. ...
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International Journal of Computational Intelligence Research. ISSN 0973-1873 Vol.1, No.1 (2005), pp. 29-41 © Research India Publications http://www.ijcir.info ... Xiao-Jun Zeng School of Informatics University of Manchester, UK e-mail:... more
International Journal of Computational Intelligence Research. ISSN 0973-1873 Vol.1, No.1 (2005), pp. 29-41 © Research India Publications http://www.ijcir.info ... Xiao-Jun Zeng School of Informatics University of Manchester, UK e-mail: x.zeng@manchester.ac.uk
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Despite certain inherent advantages of the Hough transform (HT), it may result in inaccurate estimates of the detected parameters, in the case of excessively noisy images. In this work, we present an original method for fine-tuning the... more
Despite certain inherent advantages of the Hough transform (HT), it may result in inaccurate estimates of the detected parameters, in the case of excessively noisy images. In this work, we present an original method for fine-tuning the feature space for the HT using genetic algorithms (GAs). The aim is to find a subset of features that best describe the instances
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Research Interests: Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Principal Component Analysis, Multidisciplinary, Fuzzy Clustering, and 8 moreComputer Simulation, Global Optimization, Regression Analysis, Nearest Neighbor, Function approximation, Model Complexity, Particle Swarm Optimizer, and General Regression Neural Network
Research Interests: Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Biomechanics, Biosensors, Neural Networks, and 17 moreNeural Network, Multidisciplinary, Gait, Humans, Computer Simulation, Gait Analysis, Kinematics, Auxiliary information, Infrared, Theoretical Models, Human Movement, Ambulatory BP monitoring, BioSensors, Neural Net, General Regression Neural Network, Biomechanical Phenomena, and Measurement System
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This study aimed at investigating the effect of myocardial motion on pulsating blood flow distribution of the left anterior descending coronary artery in the presence of atheromatous stenosis. The moving 3D arterial tree geometry has been... more
This study aimed at investigating the effect of myocardial motion on pulsating blood flow distribution of the left anterior descending coronary artery in the presence of atheromatous stenosis. The moving 3D arterial tree geometry has been obtained from conventional x-ray angiograms obtained during the heart cycle and includes a number of major branches. The geometry reconstruction model has been validated against projection data from a virtual phantom arterial tree as well as with CT-based reconstruction data for the same patient investigated. Reconstructions have been obtained for a number of temporal points while linear interpolation has been used for all intermediate instances. Blood has been considered as a non-Newtonian fluid. Results have been obtained using the same pulse for the inlet blood flow rate but with fixed arterial tree geometry as well as under steady-state conditions corresponding to the mean flow rate. Predictions indicate that myocardial motion has only a minor ...
Research Interests: Biomedical Engineering, Nonlinear dynamics, X Rays, Humans, Computer Simulation, and 14 moreMovement, Blood Pressure, Animals, Heart, Non-newtonian Fluid Mechanics, Steady state, Blood Flow, Coronary Circulation, Coronary Artery Disease, Flow Rate, Blood Flow Velocity, Pulsatile Flow, Linear Interpolation, and Coronary artery
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ABSTRACT
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An artificial neural network (ANN) model and more specifically a feedforward multilayer network, which uses the powerful backpropagation learning rule, is addressed in order to estimate the electric and magnetic field radiating by... more
An artificial neural network (ANN) model and more specifically a feedforward multilayer network, which uses the powerful backpropagation learning rule, is addressed in order to estimate the electric and magnetic field radiating by electrostatic discharges (ESDs). ...
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AbstractThis paper investigates the capabilities of hierarchical fuzzy systems to approximate functions on discrete input spaces. First, it is shown that any function on a discrete space has an arbitrary separable hierarchical structure... more
AbstractThis paper investigates the capabilities of hierarchical fuzzy systems to approximate functions on discrete input spaces. First, it is shown that any function on a discrete space has an arbitrary separable hierarchical structure and can be naturally approximated by ...
Research Interests: Applied Mathematics, Approximation Theory, Fuzzy set theory, Neural Network, Network, and 12 moreIdentification, Regression, Performance Model, Decision Support, Approximation, Site Selection, Fuzzy System, Function approximation, Universal, Variables, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, and Discrete Systems
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