Ionic liquids have found many applications in biofuel strategy. The cellulose pretreatment using ... more Ionic liquids have found many applications in biofuel strategy. The cellulose pretreatment using ionic liquid is currently being studied for future bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. Studies in the hydrolysis of cellulose in ionic liquid in binary mixture with water showed inhibitory effect of ionic liquid traces present in pretreated cellulose, on the biocatalytic hydrolysis by cellulase. Apart from this, biocatalytic hydrolysis had been studied in ionic liquid solution as a homogeneous conditions as a one-pot process for simultaneous pretreatment & hydrolysis. These process involved the study of biocatalytic hydrolysis in imidazolium based ionic liquids namely, [EMIM]OAc & [BMIM]Cl, as hydrophilic solvents. These solvents have anions with predominantly strong hydrogen bond acceptor groups. The study reveals the deactivation of the enzyme in presence of ionic liquids. Bose et al. (2010) have reported very good activity of cellulase in various ionic liquid including HEMA, but ...
ABSTRACT Lignocellulosic crop residue biomass, in surplus, is of vital importance due to its mult... more ABSTRACT Lignocellulosic crop residue biomass, in surplus, is of vital importance due to its multifaceted utilization potential on- and off-site to agricultural systems; therefore, its management is essential for sustainable agriculture. The malpractice of open crop residue burning leading to the brown cloud phenomenon and contributing significantly to atmospheric heterogeneity through enhanced gaseous and particulate emissions is of greater off-late concern. Available traditional crop residue management (CRM) technologies have not achieved wider adaptation; therefore, recently thermochemical conversion has been foreseen as an interesting tool for potential CRM under changing climate scenario. Biochar, a by- product of thermochemical processes, has been evaluated as a potential soil ameliorant and C sequestration agent. As soil ameliorant, it improves soil basic properties directly along with subdued release of greenhouse gases from agroecosystems, provides adsorption surface to agrochemicals and improves essential nutrient dynamics. Since the potential benefits of biochar in soil are governed by initial pyrolysis conditions and soil types; therefore, its wider utilization potential as suitable tool in sustainable agriculture and climate change mitigation needs to be critically analyzed before its specific recommendation to an agroecosystem. The present review provides a critical insight on current research on various aspects, particularly ecological, of crop residue biochar starting from the feedstock sources, pyrolysis conditions and changes after application. Additionally, a brief account is given on the agronomic relevance and major constraints of biochar amendment as an ecological engineering tool for sustainable agriculture. After reviewing various aspects of crop residue as feedstock, we recommend its use as a blend, rather than sole use, along with several other lignocellulosic materials under pyrolysis process as well as ameliorating agent.
Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Molecular Recognition in Chemistry, 2010
Abstract Calix[4]arene based podands 1a of cone con-formation and 1b of 1,3-alternate conformatio... more Abstract Calix[4]arene based podands 1a of cone con-formation and 1b of 1,3-alternate conformation possessing imine units and bearing anthracene moieties have been synthesized by a 1 ? 2 Schiff base condensation in good yields and examined for their cation recognition abilities ...
Ionic liquids have found many applications in biofuel strategy. The cellulose pretreatment using ... more Ionic liquids have found many applications in biofuel strategy. The cellulose pretreatment using ionic liquid is currently being studied for future bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. Studies in the hydrolysis of cellulose in ionic liquid in binary mixture with water showed inhibitory effect of ionic liquid traces present in pretreated cellulose, on the biocatalytic hydrolysis by cellulase. Apart from this, biocatalytic hydrolysis had been studied in ionic liquid solution as a homogeneous conditions as a one-pot process for simultaneous pretreatment & hydrolysis. These process involved the study of biocatalytic hydrolysis in imidazolium based ionic liquids namely, [EMIM]OAc & [BMIM]Cl, as hydrophilic solvents. These solvents have anions with predominantly strong hydrogen bond acceptor groups. The study reveals the deactivation of the enzyme in presence of ionic liquids. Bose et al. (2010) have reported very good activity of cellulase in various ionic liquid including HEMA, but ...
Iminoazophenol appended calix[4]arene/thiacalix[4]arene derivatives 1 and 2 of cone and 3 of 1,3-... more Iminoazophenol appended calix[4]arene/thiacalix[4]arene derivatives 1 and 2 of cone and 3 of 1,3-alternate conformation have been synthesized and examined for their chromogenic anion recognition abilities towards different anions like fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, acetate, dihydrogenphosphate, nitrate and hydrogensulphate by UV-vis spectroscopy. Receptors 1-3 show an unusual red shift in UV-vis spectra upon binding with these anions, with a colour change visible to naked eye in case of fluoride, acetate and dihydrogenphosphate ions at lower concentration of anions. This red shift in the absorption spectra is accounted by anion complexation induced sigma-extended conjugation.
Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry, 2010
Abstract Calix[4]arene based podands 1a of cone con-formation and 1b of 1,3-alternate conformatio... more Abstract Calix[4]arene based podands 1a of cone con-formation and 1b of 1,3-alternate conformation possessing imine units and bearing anthracene moieties have been synthesized by a 1 ? 2 Schiff base condensation in good yields and examined for their cation recognition abilities ...
Synthetic strategies are described to synthesize the calix[4]arene diamine 4 of partial cone (pac... more Synthetic strategies are described to synthesize the calix[4]arene diamine 4 of partial cone (paco) conformation, which on condensation with 9-anthracene carbaldehyde forms the chemosensor 5 in paco conformation. The chemosensor 5 undergoes fluorescence enhancement in the presence of Ni(2+) ions.
... Printed in the Netherlands. 247 Synthesis of New Cryptands Containing 3,5-Disubstituted-1-Met... more ... Printed in the Netherlands. 247 Synthesis of New Cryptands Containing 3,5-Disubstituted-1-Methyl or 1-Hexadecyl-Pyrazole by [3+2] Condensation and Reduction MANOJ KUMAR1,VANDANA SHARMA (NEE Bhalla)2,∗ and J. NAGENDRA BABU1 ...
Lignocellulosic crop residue biomass, in surplus, is of vital importance due to its multifaceted ... more Lignocellulosic crop residue biomass, in surplus, is of vital importance due to its multifaceted utilization potential on- and off-site to agricultural systems; therefore, its management is essential for sustainable agriculture. The malpractice of open crop residue burning leading to the brown cloud phenomenon and contributing significantly to atmospheric heterogeneity through enhanced gaseous and particulate emissions is of greater off-late concern. Available traditional crop residue management (CRM) technologies have not achieved wider adaptation; therefore, recently thermochemical conversion has been foreseen as an interesting tool for potential CRM under changing climate scenario. Biochar, a by- product of thermochemical processes, has been evaluated as a potential soil ameliorant and C sequestration agent. As soil ameliorant, it improves soil basic properties directly along with subdued release of greenhouse gases from agroecosystems, provides adsorption surface to agrochemical...
A new chromogenic receptor based on 1, 2-phenylene derivative containing thiourea moieties is syn... more A new chromogenic receptor based on 1, 2-phenylene derivative containing thiourea moieties is synthesized and examined for its anion binding ability by UVVis and 1H NMR studies. The results show that the receptor has selective colorimetric sensing of fluoride ...
Ionic liquids have found many applications in biofuel strategy. The cellulose pretreatment using ... more Ionic liquids have found many applications in biofuel strategy. The cellulose pretreatment using ionic liquid is currently being studied for future bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. Studies in the hydrolysis of cellulose in ionic liquid in binary mixture with water showed inhibitory effect of ionic liquid traces present in pretreated cellulose, on the biocatalytic hydrolysis by cellulase. Apart from this, biocatalytic hydrolysis had been studied in ionic liquid solution as a homogeneous conditions as a one-pot process for simultaneous pretreatment & hydrolysis. These process involved the study of biocatalytic hydrolysis in imidazolium based ionic liquids namely, [EMIM]OAc & [BMIM]Cl, as hydrophilic solvents. These solvents have anions with predominantly strong hydrogen bond acceptor groups. The study reveals the deactivation of the enzyme in presence of ionic liquids. Bose et al. (2010) have reported very good activity of cellulase in various ionic liquid including HEMA, but ...
ABSTRACT Lignocellulosic crop residue biomass, in surplus, is of vital importance due to its mult... more ABSTRACT Lignocellulosic crop residue biomass, in surplus, is of vital importance due to its multifaceted utilization potential on- and off-site to agricultural systems; therefore, its management is essential for sustainable agriculture. The malpractice of open crop residue burning leading to the brown cloud phenomenon and contributing significantly to atmospheric heterogeneity through enhanced gaseous and particulate emissions is of greater off-late concern. Available traditional crop residue management (CRM) technologies have not achieved wider adaptation; therefore, recently thermochemical conversion has been foreseen as an interesting tool for potential CRM under changing climate scenario. Biochar, a by- product of thermochemical processes, has been evaluated as a potential soil ameliorant and C sequestration agent. As soil ameliorant, it improves soil basic properties directly along with subdued release of greenhouse gases from agroecosystems, provides adsorption surface to agrochemicals and improves essential nutrient dynamics. Since the potential benefits of biochar in soil are governed by initial pyrolysis conditions and soil types; therefore, its wider utilization potential as suitable tool in sustainable agriculture and climate change mitigation needs to be critically analyzed before its specific recommendation to an agroecosystem. The present review provides a critical insight on current research on various aspects, particularly ecological, of crop residue biochar starting from the feedstock sources, pyrolysis conditions and changes after application. Additionally, a brief account is given on the agronomic relevance and major constraints of biochar amendment as an ecological engineering tool for sustainable agriculture. After reviewing various aspects of crop residue as feedstock, we recommend its use as a blend, rather than sole use, along with several other lignocellulosic materials under pyrolysis process as well as ameliorating agent.
Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Molecular Recognition in Chemistry, 2010
Abstract Calix[4]arene based podands 1a of cone con-formation and 1b of 1,3-alternate conformatio... more Abstract Calix[4]arene based podands 1a of cone con-formation and 1b of 1,3-alternate conformation possessing imine units and bearing anthracene moieties have been synthesized by a 1 ? 2 Schiff base condensation in good yields and examined for their cation recognition abilities ...
Ionic liquids have found many applications in biofuel strategy. The cellulose pretreatment using ... more Ionic liquids have found many applications in biofuel strategy. The cellulose pretreatment using ionic liquid is currently being studied for future bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. Studies in the hydrolysis of cellulose in ionic liquid in binary mixture with water showed inhibitory effect of ionic liquid traces present in pretreated cellulose, on the biocatalytic hydrolysis by cellulase. Apart from this, biocatalytic hydrolysis had been studied in ionic liquid solution as a homogeneous conditions as a one-pot process for simultaneous pretreatment & hydrolysis. These process involved the study of biocatalytic hydrolysis in imidazolium based ionic liquids namely, [EMIM]OAc & [BMIM]Cl, as hydrophilic solvents. These solvents have anions with predominantly strong hydrogen bond acceptor groups. The study reveals the deactivation of the enzyme in presence of ionic liquids. Bose et al. (2010) have reported very good activity of cellulase in various ionic liquid including HEMA, but ...
Iminoazophenol appended calix[4]arene/thiacalix[4]arene derivatives 1 and 2 of cone and 3 of 1,3-... more Iminoazophenol appended calix[4]arene/thiacalix[4]arene derivatives 1 and 2 of cone and 3 of 1,3-alternate conformation have been synthesized and examined for their chromogenic anion recognition abilities towards different anions like fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, acetate, dihydrogenphosphate, nitrate and hydrogensulphate by UV-vis spectroscopy. Receptors 1-3 show an unusual red shift in UV-vis spectra upon binding with these anions, with a colour change visible to naked eye in case of fluoride, acetate and dihydrogenphosphate ions at lower concentration of anions. This red shift in the absorption spectra is accounted by anion complexation induced sigma-extended conjugation.
Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry, 2010
Abstract Calix[4]arene based podands 1a of cone con-formation and 1b of 1,3-alternate conformatio... more Abstract Calix[4]arene based podands 1a of cone con-formation and 1b of 1,3-alternate conformation possessing imine units and bearing anthracene moieties have been synthesized by a 1 ? 2 Schiff base condensation in good yields and examined for their cation recognition abilities ...
Synthetic strategies are described to synthesize the calix[4]arene diamine 4 of partial cone (pac... more Synthetic strategies are described to synthesize the calix[4]arene diamine 4 of partial cone (paco) conformation, which on condensation with 9-anthracene carbaldehyde forms the chemosensor 5 in paco conformation. The chemosensor 5 undergoes fluorescence enhancement in the presence of Ni(2+) ions.
... Printed in the Netherlands. 247 Synthesis of New Cryptands Containing 3,5-Disubstituted-1-Met... more ... Printed in the Netherlands. 247 Synthesis of New Cryptands Containing 3,5-Disubstituted-1-Methyl or 1-Hexadecyl-Pyrazole by [3+2] Condensation and Reduction MANOJ KUMAR1,VANDANA SHARMA (NEE Bhalla)2,∗ and J. NAGENDRA BABU1 ...
Lignocellulosic crop residue biomass, in surplus, is of vital importance due to its multifaceted ... more Lignocellulosic crop residue biomass, in surplus, is of vital importance due to its multifaceted utilization potential on- and off-site to agricultural systems; therefore, its management is essential for sustainable agriculture. The malpractice of open crop residue burning leading to the brown cloud phenomenon and contributing significantly to atmospheric heterogeneity through enhanced gaseous and particulate emissions is of greater off-late concern. Available traditional crop residue management (CRM) technologies have not achieved wider adaptation; therefore, recently thermochemical conversion has been foreseen as an interesting tool for potential CRM under changing climate scenario. Biochar, a by- product of thermochemical processes, has been evaluated as a potential soil ameliorant and C sequestration agent. As soil ameliorant, it improves soil basic properties directly along with subdued release of greenhouse gases from agroecosystems, provides adsorption surface to agrochemical...
A new chromogenic receptor based on 1, 2-phenylene derivative containing thiourea moieties is syn... more A new chromogenic receptor based on 1, 2-phenylene derivative containing thiourea moieties is synthesized and examined for its anion binding ability by UVVis and 1H NMR studies. The results show that the receptor has selective colorimetric sensing of fluoride ...
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