... On the unimodality of the likelihood for the Cauchy distribution: Some comments BY GORMGABRIELSEN Institute of Statistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark SUMMARY Sufficient conditions for a local maximum to be global... more
... On the unimodality of the likelihood for the Cauchy distribution: Some comments BY GORMGABRIELSEN Institute of Statistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark SUMMARY Sufficient conditions for a local maximum to be global are discussed. ...
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Product and brand familiarity have an important role in consumer choice behaviour and they have been equated with knowledge and experience Consumers having high and low familiarity utilized brand information (an extrinsic cue) in their... more
Product and brand familiarity have an important role in consumer choice behaviour and they have been equated with knowledge and experience Consumers having high and low familiarity utilized brand information (an extrinsic cue) in their evaluations, whereas moderately familiar consumers used intrinsic cues (product attributes) in evaluating products. The question of whether familiarity moderates the country-of-origin (COO) effect is a valid one. In this present paper, we attempt to provide additional evidence as to how familiarity with products, brands and countries moderates consumer evaluation of brand/country alliances. Specifically, we concentrate on the brand leveraging process identified by Keller (2003) applied to the effect of familiarity on country/brand alliances.
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In line with many other countries, Denmark has reorganised psychiatric care with closure of 50% of the psychiatric beds in favour of community mental health. Parallel to this reorganisation the number of forensic patients has increased.... more
In line with many other countries, Denmark has reorganised psychiatric care with closure of 50% of the psychiatric beds in favour of community mental health. Parallel to this reorganisation the number of forensic patients has increased. In Denmark, the majority of forensic patients are under supervision by a probation officer. As from 1977, The Department of Prison and Probation has registered the monthly prevalence of forensic patients, from 1989 also the monthly incidence and decrease. These data have been used to analyse the trends in the number of forensic patients. The number of forensic patients increased from 297 in 1980 to 1134 in 1999, the increase in prevalence being exponential with an annual growth rate of 6.79%. The incidence figures showed an exponential increase with an annual growth rate of 5.96% (95% confidence interval 4.76%-7.27%). The annual growth rate for the decrease is 6.18%. Thus, the three growth rates do not differ, meaning that the increasing number of fo...
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Retail designers often emphasize the importance of creating stores that consumers will find attractive. This paper challenges that commonly held view, presenting empirical results from a field experiment showing that a positive rating of... more
Retail designers often emphasize the importance of creating stores that consumers will find attractive. This paper challenges that commonly held view, presenting empirical results from a field experiment showing that a positive rating of a store interior does not affect the product rating to the degree expected. This paper proposes a method for measuring spillover effects, which ordinarily take place without conscious attention. The method was applied in an experiment where 50 shoppers were asked to rate six fashion products in three differently designed stores. Respondents were asked to rate stores and products from within the stores. Any discrepancy between the in-store ratings can be interpreted as the influence of the store design. Results indicate measurable spillover effects from store design to product preference. Surprisingly, however, only one of the three stores showed a significant correlation between the respondents’ highest product rating and store preference.
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A general view, often presented in a political context, suggests investment in design may create societal benefits, like economic growth, employment, competitiveness, and convenience. Conducted at a general level with aggregate variables,... more
A general view, often presented in a political context, suggests investment in design may create societal benefits, like economic growth, employment, competitiveness, and convenience. Conducted at a general level with aggregate variables, such measurements provide very limited insights and can even be misleading. A different approach takes a particular view of a designed artefact, object, system or service. Addressing the benefactors, users and consumers, we may be able to reach an individual value, which in turn may be aggregated to assess a market, KPI or similar. How does design express value? And how can we measure the value? To design is to create value for somebody. However, the value depends on who judges it and their and their personal values. According to John Heskett; “Design, stripped to its essence, can be defined as the human capacity to shape and make our environment in ways without precedent in nature that serves our needs and gives meaning to our lives”. (Heskett, 20...
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Forlagsredaktion: Amnon Lev og Andreas Bonnevie Omslag: Grazyna Schindler/Schindesign Grafisk tilrettelægggelse: Jens Lund Kirkegaard Sat med Minion og Legacy hos Tegneren Jens ApS, Vejle Trykt hos Narayana Press, Gylling Printed in ...
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The presented study utilizes data collected from an extensive real world concept selection process in new product development (NPD), to investigate whether department specific dominant logics and competences influence the selections made... more
The presented study utilizes data collected from an extensive real world concept selection process in new product development (NPD), to investigate whether department specific dominant logics and competences influence the selections made by a marketing department, and what might be driving this logic. The study specifically investigates the impact of the departmental viewpoint onto idea selection in the innovation process, by comparing the selections made by the marketing department (n=31) with those of R&D (n=25) and company executives (n=8). In the NPD project seven concepts were screened for continuation through an individual pairwise comparison, to test eight hypotheses all based on h0: There is no difference between the innovations selected by marketing, R&D, and executive groups. Through an analysis of the between-department variance h0 was rejected (F(12, 366)= 2.312, p<.001), and the results from the eight following hypotheses lend support to extending the concept of domi...
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Most studies in marketing operate at a market level, which also becomes frequently the condition for design work. This means that the aggregate or weighted average consumer is the focus. Having already made this aggregation as the... more
Most studies in marketing operate at a market level, which also becomes frequently the condition for design work. This means that the aggregate or weighted average consumer is the focus. Having already made this aggregation as the “top-down approach” indicates, it is not feasible to take the individuals apart and explore how they differ individually. This is so because already the concepts and the methodology are founded at the aggregate level. The differences have been eliminated and replaced by an assumed normal distribution or similar. We depart from that and start our investigations at an individual level. This means, in the “bottom up” approach we keep the individual variation or differences intact for further analysis. We base our concept and methodology at the individual level. Only then, understanding what happens for the single individual we can eventually aggregate to see the consequences at a market level. We explore a procedure that enables the marketer to estimate the e...