Havnø is a stratified Danish kitchen midden which spans the Late Mesolithic Ertebølle and the Ear... more Havnø is a stratified Danish kitchen midden which spans the Late Mesolithic Ertebølle and the Early Neolithic Funnel Beaker cultures, ca. 5000-3500 cal. B.C. This paper presents the results of a study conducted on the fish bones recovered from a complete column sample taken from all levels of a stratified midden. The material is quantified and estimations of total fish lengths are provided. Interpretation focuses on taphonomy, relative importance of the fish represented, especially the European eel (Anguilla anguilla), significance of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), distribution of fish bones, possible fishing methods employed, and season(s) of capture.
Ceramics were subjected to organic residue analysis from two collections: a series of middle Copp... more Ceramics were subjected to organic residue analysis from two collections: a series of middle Copper Age (Bodrogkeresztúr) vessels hitherto known as 'milk jugs', curated in the Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum, Budapest, and a collection of early Baden (Boleráz) vessels from the recently discovered settlement of Gyo"r-Szabadrét-domb, in western Hungary. The aim of the analyses was to establish whether or not these
Dürrwächter, C., Craig, Oliver Edward, Taylor, G., Collins, Matthew James, Burger, J. and Alt, ... more Dürrwächter, C., Craig, Oliver Edward, Taylor, G., Collins, Matthew James, Burger, J. and Alt, KW (2003) Ernährungsrekonstruktion in neolithischen Populationen anhand der Analyse stabiler Isotope : Trebur (HST/GG) und Herxheim (späte LBK). Berichte der Kommission ...
... prevalence. Crowe, F., O'Connell, TC, Craig, Oliver Edward, Kirsanow, K., Germoni, P., M... more ... prevalence. Crowe, F., O'Connell, TC, Craig, Oliver Edward, Kirsanow, K., Germoni, P., Macchiarell, R., Garnsey, P. and Bondioli, L. (2009) Diet and water-related occupations in two Roman coastal communities (Italy, I-III cent. ...
ABSTRACT Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and bulk carbon isotope determinations have... more ABSTRACT Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and bulk carbon isotope determinations have been performed on samples (‘cemented organic residues', charcoal, sediment and fire-cracked rock) excavated from twelve slab-lined pits from various locations in Arctic Norway to test the premise that these archaeological features were used for the extraction of oil from the blubber of marine mammals, such as seal, whale and walrus. A wide range of lipid compound classes were detected especially in the cemented organic residues and in the charcoal samples. The presence of long-chain unsaturated and isoprenoid fatty acids together with oxidation and thermal alteration products of unsaturated acids such as dicarboxylic acids, dihydroxyfatty acids and ω-(o-alkylphenyl)alkanoic acids suggests that these features were used for marine oil extraction at elevated temperatures. Notably the location of the hydroxyl groups in the dihydroxyfatty acids provides a record of the positional isomer of the precursor fatty acid and allows confirmation that 11-docosenoic (cetoleic) acid, the most abundant C22:1 isomer in marine oil, was a major component of the original lipid. Further information was provided by the presence of long-chain fatty acyl moieties in surviving triacylglycerols and the presence of cholesterol. A fungal metabolite, mycose (trehalose), was found in all samples apart from a fire-cracked rock and points to microbiological activity in the pits. Bulk isotope analysis conducted on the ‘cemented organic residues’ is consistent with modern reference samples of blubber and oil from seal and whale. These data provide clear analytical evidence of the function of slab-lined pits in the archaeological record and suggest widespread exploitation of marine mammals for producing oil for heating, lighting and myriad other uses in the past.
Analysis of a stone flagon found on the surface of the early urban site of Shahdad (Kerman, Iran)... more Analysis of a stone flagon found on the surface of the early urban site of Shahdad (Kerman, Iran) has shown that the vessel contained a lead-based cosmetic. Other finds recovered from the same surface context suggest a dating within the second half of the fourth millennium BC or slightly later. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with an Energy Dispersive Spectrometer, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) have been used to reconstruct the manufacturing techniques of the cosmetic. The substance was likely made of artificial lead carbonates. As our find and recent studies confirm that wet chemical processing
of lead was common in the third millennium BC, the social implications of cosmetology in the early cities of the Near East and Middle Asia of the fourth–third millennia BC are briefly addressed.
ABSTRACT Havnø is a stratified Danish kitchen midden which spans the Late Mesolithic Ertebølle an... more ABSTRACT Havnø is a stratified Danish kitchen midden which spans the Late Mesolithic Ertebølle and the Early Neolithic Funnel Beaker cultures, ca. 5000-3500 cal. B.C. This paper presents the results of a study conducted on the fish bones recovered from a complete column sample taken from all levels of a stratified midden. The material is quantified and estimations of total fish lengths are provided. Interpretation focuses on taphonomy, relative importance of the fish represented, especially the European eel (Anguilla anguilla), significance of threespined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), distribution of fish bones, possible fishing methods employed, and season(s) of capture.
Havnø is a stratified Danish kitchen midden which spans the Late Mesolithic Ertebølle and the Ear... more Havnø is a stratified Danish kitchen midden which spans the Late Mesolithic Ertebølle and the Early Neolithic Funnel Beaker cultures, ca. 5000-3500 cal. B.C. This paper presents the results of a study conducted on the fish bones recovered from a complete column sample taken from all levels of a stratified midden. The material is quantified and estimations of total fish lengths are provided. Interpretation focuses on taphonomy, relative importance of the fish represented, especially the European eel (Anguilla anguilla), significance of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), distribution of fish bones, possible fishing methods employed, and season(s) of capture.
Ceramics were subjected to organic residue analysis from two collections: a series of middle Copp... more Ceramics were subjected to organic residue analysis from two collections: a series of middle Copper Age (Bodrogkeresztúr) vessels hitherto known as 'milk jugs', curated in the Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum, Budapest, and a collection of early Baden (Boleráz) vessels from the recently discovered settlement of Gyo"r-Szabadrét-domb, in western Hungary. The aim of the analyses was to establish whether or not these
Dürrwächter, C., Craig, Oliver Edward, Taylor, G., Collins, Matthew James, Burger, J. and Alt, ... more Dürrwächter, C., Craig, Oliver Edward, Taylor, G., Collins, Matthew James, Burger, J. and Alt, KW (2003) Ernährungsrekonstruktion in neolithischen Populationen anhand der Analyse stabiler Isotope : Trebur (HST/GG) und Herxheim (späte LBK). Berichte der Kommission ...
... prevalence. Crowe, F., O'Connell, TC, Craig, Oliver Edward, Kirsanow, K., Germoni, P., M... more ... prevalence. Crowe, F., O'Connell, TC, Craig, Oliver Edward, Kirsanow, K., Germoni, P., Macchiarell, R., Garnsey, P. and Bondioli, L. (2009) Diet and water-related occupations in two Roman coastal communities (Italy, I-III cent. ...
ABSTRACT Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and bulk carbon isotope determinations have... more ABSTRACT Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and bulk carbon isotope determinations have been performed on samples (‘cemented organic residues', charcoal, sediment and fire-cracked rock) excavated from twelve slab-lined pits from various locations in Arctic Norway to test the premise that these archaeological features were used for the extraction of oil from the blubber of marine mammals, such as seal, whale and walrus. A wide range of lipid compound classes were detected especially in the cemented organic residues and in the charcoal samples. The presence of long-chain unsaturated and isoprenoid fatty acids together with oxidation and thermal alteration products of unsaturated acids such as dicarboxylic acids, dihydroxyfatty acids and ω-(o-alkylphenyl)alkanoic acids suggests that these features were used for marine oil extraction at elevated temperatures. Notably the location of the hydroxyl groups in the dihydroxyfatty acids provides a record of the positional isomer of the precursor fatty acid and allows confirmation that 11-docosenoic (cetoleic) acid, the most abundant C22:1 isomer in marine oil, was a major component of the original lipid. Further information was provided by the presence of long-chain fatty acyl moieties in surviving triacylglycerols and the presence of cholesterol. A fungal metabolite, mycose (trehalose), was found in all samples apart from a fire-cracked rock and points to microbiological activity in the pits. Bulk isotope analysis conducted on the ‘cemented organic residues’ is consistent with modern reference samples of blubber and oil from seal and whale. These data provide clear analytical evidence of the function of slab-lined pits in the archaeological record and suggest widespread exploitation of marine mammals for producing oil for heating, lighting and myriad other uses in the past.
Analysis of a stone flagon found on the surface of the early urban site of Shahdad (Kerman, Iran)... more Analysis of a stone flagon found on the surface of the early urban site of Shahdad (Kerman, Iran) has shown that the vessel contained a lead-based cosmetic. Other finds recovered from the same surface context suggest a dating within the second half of the fourth millennium BC or slightly later. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with an Energy Dispersive Spectrometer, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) have been used to reconstruct the manufacturing techniques of the cosmetic. The substance was likely made of artificial lead carbonates. As our find and recent studies confirm that wet chemical processing
of lead was common in the third millennium BC, the social implications of cosmetology in the early cities of the Near East and Middle Asia of the fourth–third millennia BC are briefly addressed.
ABSTRACT Havnø is a stratified Danish kitchen midden which spans the Late Mesolithic Ertebølle an... more ABSTRACT Havnø is a stratified Danish kitchen midden which spans the Late Mesolithic Ertebølle and the Early Neolithic Funnel Beaker cultures, ca. 5000-3500 cal. B.C. This paper presents the results of a study conducted on the fish bones recovered from a complete column sample taken from all levels of a stratified midden. The material is quantified and estimations of total fish lengths are provided. Interpretation focuses on taphonomy, relative importance of the fish represented, especially the European eel (Anguilla anguilla), significance of threespined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), distribution of fish bones, possible fishing methods employed, and season(s) of capture.
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of lead was common in the third millennium BC, the social implications of cosmetology in the early cities of the Near East and Middle Asia of the fourth–third millennia BC are briefly addressed.
of lead was common in the third millennium BC, the social implications of cosmetology in the early cities of the Near East and Middle Asia of the fourth–third millennia BC are briefly addressed.