Mahfuza Zannat

Louise Erdrich’s debut novel Love Medicine reflects cultural harmony, grief in ethnic community. The novel deals with tribal traditions other than familial bond. In the novel we find Native American’s concern toward land, home, language unlike western novel concerning toward unknown destination. Erdrich’s Love Medicine, was published in 1984, then revised and expanded for two subsequent publications in 1993 and 2009. The noteworthy point of this novel paves the way for the work of the narrative strategies with few narrators and short stories. The novel follows a small group of Chippewa natives in North Dakota over the course of sixty years.  The present paper is an attempt to study on Chippewa/Ojibwe tradition, their beliefs and practices in the novel by being ruled by the dominant cultural force. Moreover, this study delineates how ecological issues are relatable with the cultures and how the author has implemented the literary technique of ‘magic realism’ to delve into own customa...

Joseph Conrad paradoxically represents Imperialism and Insanity in his novelette Heart of Darkness. The paper aims to investigate the acts of the colonizers as they overpower and pretend to be enlightened. They target underprivileged people of the Dark Continent. In this research, the colonizers represent African as uncivilized and savage. Although the colonizers look civilized, their reality is different from their appearance. Greed for power, hypocrisy, and lust for Ivory lead them toward brutality to seize the natives' land and wealth. The study discovers that Conrad's purpose of using Marlow's character is to bring out another agonizing truth that everyone lives in the illusions of more profit. Besides, the paper also deals with why Conrad has written against the racists where he is European. The purpose of this paper is to locate the way imperialism and insanity are closely related to Heart of Darkness. How Conrad's life experience and political view inspired him to write his novel is prominent in the paper. This study finds that colonizers enter in the name of civilization and end up promoting savagery. The multilayered meanings of this multifunctional novelette brought out Marlow's fear. It alarms the future generation to get rid of destruction for imperialistic acts. Keywords Civilize; Savagery; Ivory; Brutality Authors Mahfuza Zannat, is a doctoral candidate at the College of Foreign Languages & Cultures, Xiamen University China (Fujian, 361005 China). She is majoring in American Literature. Her research interests include Diaspora studies and Postcolonial literature. Zhang Longhai, Vice President, Minnan Normal University. P.R. of China, 363000. He obtained his Ph.D and completed postdoctoral research at Yale University. He specializes in American literary studies. His research interests include Chinese American literature, Harold Bloom studies, India's politics & economy, & Indian English literature.

[Abstract] The present paper explores 'The Ministry of Utmost Happiness'. This paper is an attempt to elucidate how Arundhati Roy has designated her novel with her traditional narrative technique and approach by showing a generalized setback of terrorism in Kashmir. Moreover, the paper parallels with the discussion of hybrid conflict juxtaposed in the novel. The study argues that Roy's portrayal of society and conflict are similar to the traditional pictorial events.