Microbiology

Breast milk is the most perfect form of nutrition for an infant. Review of evidence has shown that, on a population basis, exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months is the optimal way of feeding infants Human milk contains several factors such as immunoglobulin, T lymphocytes, enzymes such as lysozymes and phagocytes among others which are not present in breast milk substitute. Exclusive breastfeeding reduces infant mortality due to common childhood illnesses such as diarrhea or pneumonia and helps for a quicker recovery during illness. However in Ethiopia suboptimal breastfeeding practices are the major contributor to an estimated 70,000 infant deaths per year, 24% of the total infant death annually and which can be significantly prevented by nutrition interventions such as exclusive breastfeeding. This study assesses knowledge, attitude and practice towards among mother attending ANC in Dimtu health center in 2010 E.C. The study was conducted in Dimtu health center from September 2017 to November 2017 on all mother of infant attend ANC in the year 2010 E.C. Institution based cross sectional study was conducted in 204 sample clients selected by systematic random sampling technique. Dependent variables (KAP towards pregnant women who were attending ANC in Dimtu Health center in the year 2010 E.C.) and the independent socio-demographic variable (age, ethnicity, religion and residence) and socioeconomic status (Socio-demographic variable) was reviewed. The collected data was cleaned coded analyzed using descriptive statistics SPSS version 17 statistical package. This study included 204 pregnant women and the following conclusion can be drawn. Out of those, 85.5% of them have positive attitude. And 80.4% of them have adequate knowledge. Good practice accounts for 81.8.

A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2018 to December 2019 in and around Dimtu town, southwestern Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of bovine Fasciolosis and its associated risk factors. Simple random sampling methods were used to select the study animals and sedimentation technique was applied for recovery of Fasciola eggs from fresh fecal samples. Out of 384 fecal samples examined, 101 were positive and overall prevalence of Fasciolosis was 26.3% in the study area. The prevalence of bovine Fasciolosis was similar in Gibe grazing site 25(25.8%) as compared to Lanjibo grazing site 52 (25.1%), Harsu grazing site 17(37%) and Waro grazing site 7(20.5%). However, there was no statistically significant difference on the prevalence of bovine Fasciolosis based on grazing site. Similarly, not statistically significant difference observed between body condition (p>0.05). However, statistical significant differences were appreciated among the age and sex of animal categories (p<0.05). Adult 95 (34%), Young 3(3.4%) and old 3(15.8%) prevalence. The prevalence relation in was 13 (15.7%) in male group 88 (29.2%) in female animal. Therefore, Fasciolosis should be taken in to consideration as one of the major limiting factor to livestock productivity in and around Dimtu town. Hence, control measures against Fasciolosis must be designed to target either the parasite or the snail intermediate host or by regular deworming or drainage the area.

A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to April 2016 in and around Jimma town, southwestern Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of bovine Schistosomiasis and its associated risk factors. Simple random sampling methods were used to select the study animals and sedimentation technique was applied for recovery of Schistosoma eggs from fresh fecal samples. Out of 179 bovine fecal samples examined, 30 were positive and overall prevalence of Schistosomiasis was 16.8 % in the study area. The prevalence of bovine Schistosomiasis was higher prevalence in Koffe grazing site 11(22%) as compared to Gibe grazing site 9 (18%), Boye grazing site 7 (13.7%) and Bore grazing site 3(10.7%) However, there was no statistically significant difference on the prevalence of bovine Schistosomiasis based on grazing site. Similarly, not statistically significant difference observed between both sexes (p>0.05). However statistical significant differences were appreciated among the body condition categories (p<0.05). Cattle having good body condition should 0 (0%), medium body condition should 4 (6.06%) and poor body condition had 26 (26.8%) prevalence. The prevalence of Schistosomiasis was 14 (21.9%) in young age group and 16 (13.9%) in adult animal. The prevalence of Schistosomiasis in the animals positive for Fasciola eggs 23(19.4%) and negative for Fasciola eggs 7 (11.4%). There was no statistically difference observed between the two groups (p>0.05). Therefore, Schistosomiasis should be taken in to consideration as one of the major limiting factor to livestock productivity in and around Jimma town. Hence, control measures against Schistosomiasis must be designed to target either the parasite or the snail intermediate host or by regular deworming or drainage the area.

A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to April 2016 in and around Jimma town, southwestern Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of bovine Schistosomiasis and its associated risk factors. Simple random sampling methods were used to select the study animals and sedimentation technique was applied for recovery of Schistosoma eggs from fresh fecal samples. Out of 179 bovine fecal samples examined, 30 were positive and overall prevalence of Schistosomiasis was 16.8 % in the study area. The prevalence of bovine Schistosomiasis was higher prevalence in Koffe grazing site 11(22%) as compared to Gibe grazing site 9 (18%), Boye grazing site 7 (13.7%) and Bore grazing site 3(10.7%) However, there was no statistically significant difference on the prevalence of bovine Schistosomiasis based on grazing site. Similarly, not statistically significant difference observed between both sexes (p&gt;0.05). However statistical significant differences were appreciated among the body con...

Background Staphylococcal infection is one of the most prevalent foodborne diseases worldwide. Furthermore, antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, poses a significant problem for food safety. Therefore, the aim of this study was to phenotypically characterize Staphylococcus aureus and assess its antimicrobial resistance from various animal food sources. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Jimma zone district towns from 2022 to 2023. Samples of animal-origin foods, including milk, beef meat, poultry eggs, and cheese, were collected. These samples were processed, cultured on selective media, and identified using biochemical tests. Antimicrobial testing was performed on the isolated strains. Results Out of a total of 480 samples of animal-origin food analyzed, the overall prevalence rate (8.54%) of Staphylococcus aureus was recorded. Among these Staphylococcus aureus, 12 (12.5%) were obtained from beef meat, 12 (12.5%) from milk, 6 (6.3%) from cheese, 9 (9....