BUILDING
ESTIMATION
Presented by :
Ar. Vivek Painuli
INTRODUCTI
ON
In various engineering works it is required beforehand to know the probable
cost of construction which is known as the estimated cost. If money available
is less than the estimated cost, then attempts have to be made to reduce the
cost by changing the specification or by reducing the work.
The subject matter of estimation is simple but knowledge of drawing of
structures requires special skills like AUTOCAD, STAAD PRO, etc. One
who understands the drawing can find out dimensions such as length,
breadth, height, etc.
Following requirements are necessary for preparing estimate-
Drawings like plan, elevation and sections of important points like
beam, staircase, footing, and column.
Detailed specification of workmanship and properties of materials.
Standard schedule of rates for the current year.
The complete work is divided into various items of work such as earthwork
concreting, brickwork, reinforced concrete, plastering etc. The details of
measurements are taken from drawings and entered in respective columns
of prescribed proforma.
For calculating the cost of the building structure, the rates of materials
are derived from Standard Schedule Rates which comprises of the prices
of list of items in a tabular form.
Also, LumpSum items in estimate are included in the estimate-
Water supply and sanitary arrangements.
Electrical installation like meter, motor, etc.
Architectural features.
Contingencies and unforeseen items.
TYPES OF
ESTIMATE
Following are the different types of estimation-
1. Preliminary estimate or Approximate estimate or Abstract
Estimate or Rough Cost Estimate
2. Detailed Estimate or Item Rate Estimate
3. Plinth Area Estimate
4. Cube Rate Estimate or Cubical Content Estimate
5. Approximate Quantity Method Estimate
6. Revised Estimate
7. Supplementary Estimate
8. Supplementary and Revised Estimate
9. Annual Repair or Maintenance Estimate
OBJECTIVE
Required Quantity of Materials
Cost of Materials
Finding cost of various works like Brickwork, RCC, Reinforcement,
etc.
METHODOL
OGY
Mensuration Method- This method of measuring lengths, areas,
volumes using mensuration in its meaning is to measure, is widely
used where geometrical figures are thoughtful and where one has to
determine various physical quantities such as area, volume, length,
etc. In estimation it is a common practice to use mensuration method
to calculate quantities of items.
Centre Line Method- This method consists to find out total length of
centre line of walls. Brickwork has been found out by this method
in this project.
Engineering Method- With this technique, the system being costed
is broken down into low level components each of which is costed
separately for direct labour, other costs and direct material.
T
To perform Double Storeyed Building Estimation and to calculate the
cost of building structure from a given Plan, Elevation and Cross
section of elements present in the building.
Salient features:
1. Utility of building: Residential
complex
2. No of stories: G+1
3. No of staircases: 5
4. No of lifts: 1
5. Type of construction: R.C.C framed
structure
6. Types of walls: brick wall
7. Height of plinth: 0.76 m
Geometric details:
8. Ground floor: 3.3 m
9. Floor to floor height: 3.3 m.
10. Depth of foundation: 1.68 m.
11. Clear Cover: 40 mm in Column, 50 mm in Footing, 25 mm in
Beam and 15 mm in Slab
Materials:
12. Concrete grade: All Concrete Mix M20 (1:1.5:3) unless
otherwise specified
13. All steel grades: Fe 500 grade
14. Bearing Capacity of soil: 18 M.T./m2
All Dimensions in the Drawings are in Feet and Inches.
PLAN OF
GROUND FLOOR
FIRST FLOOR
TERRACE FLOOR
& ELEVATION
GENERAL ABSTRACT OF THE
ESTIMATE OF PROPOSED
(G+1) RESIDENTIAL
BUILDING
SOR
Sl.
Description Unit Rate Qty Amount
No.
(Rs.)
Cost of Civil Works for Building as
1 per CPWD 2013-14 4,365,939.82
2 30% Escalation for current year 5,675,721.77
Cost of electrical work - 7.5% of civil
3 cost 425,679.13
Cost of plumbing & sanitary work -
4
7.5% of civil cost 425,679.13
Total Rs. 6,527,080.04
Add 1% contingency for unforseen item
5 if any 65,270.80
Grand Total Rs. 6,592,350.84
Say Rs. 6,592,351.00
(Rupees Sixty Five Lakh Ninety Two Thousand Three Hundred Fifty One Only)
FOOTING
FOOTING F1
Feet Inch Metre Reinforcement details
L= 4 0 1.20 D2(Diameter of bars) T(Spacing)
B= 4 0 1.20 10 mm 0.15 m
D= 0 10 0.25
C= 0 6 0.15
G= 0 6 0.15
L1(Length of
0 14 0.36
Column)=
B1(Breadth of
0 9 0.23
Column)=
D1(Depth for
5 7 1.68
Excavation)=
P1(PCC 0 3 0.08
S1(Sand Filling
0 4 0.10
Thickness)=
W1(Bottom
Wire Mesh 0 6 0.15
Spacing)=
Nos. of Total
Sl No. Particulars Calculation Quantity F1 Quantit
Footing y
1 Earthwork in Excavation ((L+0.3) x (B+0.3) x D1) m3 3.78 m³ 1 3.78 m³
2 1:4:8 PCC ((L+0.15) x (B+0.15) x P1) m3 0.14 m³ 1 0.14 m³
3 Sand Filling ((L+0.15)x(B+0.15)xS1) m3 0.19 m³ 1 0.19 m³
RCC in Footing
a)Upper Rectangular Portion (L1+0.3) x (B1+0.3)xG 0.05 m³
b) Bottom Rectangular Portion (L x B x C) m3 0.22 m³
4 c) Trapezoidal Portion {0.5 (L + (L1+ 0.3 )} x {0.5(B+(B1+0.3)} x (D-C) 0.08 m³
m3
Total 0.35 m³ 1 0.35 m³
Reinforcement
a)Main bar in Foundation
No. of bars
(N2)= 8
Transverse (Q/T)+
direction 1 10.9 kg
5 L-2 x 10.9 kg 1
1.1 m
Clear
Cover (Q)
No. of bars
(N1)= 8
Longitudinal (P/T)+
direction 1
B-2 x
1.1 m
Clear
Cover (P)
Length=P x N1+Q x N2
Weight= Lengthx((D2 x D2)/162)
6 Shuttering Area= 4L x C 0.73 1 0.7 m²
TOTAL QUANTITY IN
FOUNDATION
Quantity
Total
Item F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 EF1 EF2 EF3 EF4 EF3" EF4" Quantity
E/W in 17.80 21.00 18.88 4.87 12.13 14.80 6.07 7.40
3.78 m³ 4.87 m³ 18.20 m³ 37.00 m³
Excavation m³ m³ m³ m³ m³ m³ m³ m³ 166.78 m³
PCC(1:4:8) 0.14 m³ 0.18 m³ 0.70 m³ 1.45 m³ 0.84 0.17 0.45 0.23 0.29
0.71 m³ m³ 0.65 m³ m³ m³ 0.56 m³ m³ m³ 6.38 m³
Sand Filling 0.19 m³ 0.25 m³ 0.94 m³ 1.93 m³ 1.12 0.23 0.59 0.31 0.39
0.94 m³ m³ 0.87 m³ m³ m³ 0.74 m³ m³ m³ 8.50 m³
RCC (M20) 0.35 m³ 0.51 m³ 2.06 m³ 4.84 m³ 3.41 0.48 1.33 0.69 0.91
2.41 m³ m³ 1.71 m³ m³ m³ 1.85 m³ m³ m³ 20.55 m³
Reinforcement 10.86 kg 8.85 kg 72.08 kg 211.56 kg 135.34 164.39 104.86 33.09 84.22 137.85 42.11 68.93
kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg 1074.14 kg
Shuttering 0.7 m² 0.9 m² 2.9 m² 5.5 m²
2.4 m² 3.6 m² 6.1 m² 1.7 m² 4.6 m² 5.9 m² 1.0 m² 1.1 m² 36.3 m²
For RCC
Grade of Concrete Ratio Of Cement Ratio of Sand Ratio of Aggregate
M20 1 1.5 3
Total Volume
of Volume of Volume of
Concrete Cement Volume of Sand No of Bags
Aggregate
20.55 m³ 5.76 m³ 13.29 m³ 26.59 m³ 166
For PCC
Grade of Concrete Ratio Of Cement Ratio of Sand Ratio of Aggregate
M7.5 1 4 8
Total Volume
of Volume of Volume of
Volume of Sand No of Bags
Concrete Cement
Aggregate
6.38 m³ 0.76 m³ 4.65 m³ 9.30 m³ 22
