Science 8 Class
Mrs. Merlin M.
Evasco
Subject Teacher
R I DE C TO I N
1. Tells which way the
object is moving.
D I R E C T I ON
1. Tells which way the
object is moving.
OS P I T I ON
2. A place where an
object is located.
P OS I T I ON
2. A place where an
object is located.
N O T I MO
3. The change in position
of an object.
MO T I O N
3. The change in position
of an object.
MI S T P L ANE C ED
4. The shortest distance.
D I S P L A C E ME N T
4. The shortest distance.
S I T DANC E
5. The length of the path
travelled by an object.
D I S T ANC E
5. The length of the path
travelled by an object.
What is motion?
Motion is a change of position
over a particular time interval
with respect to a point and frame
of reference. When an object
moves, it changes position. As it
changes position, a distance is
covered, and a direction is taken.
Lesson 1 - Forces
SCIENCE 8 | Q1
Merlin M. Evasco
Subject Teacher
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
Investigate the relationship
between the amount of force
applied and the mass of the
object to the amount of
change in the object’s motion.
Is there a force applied?
YE
S
Is there a force applied?
YE
S
Is there a force applied?
YE
S
Is there a force applied?
YE
S
Lesson 1 - Forces
SCIENCE 8 | Q1
Merlin M. Evasco
Subject Teacher
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
Investigate the relationship
between the amount of force
applied and the mass of the
object to the amount of
change in the object’s motion.
Pretest
Choose the letter of the correct
answer. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following
describes a force?
A. a pull only
B. a push only
C. a push or pull or both
D. neither a push nor a pull
2. What is the unit of force
in metric system?
A. Calorie
B. Joules
C. Newtons
D. Pounds
3. How do forces occur?
A. in pairs
B. in triplets
C. by themselves
D. as single quantity
4. When you move a chair
across the floor, what force
must your push be
stronger than?
A. friction
B. magnetic
C. normal
D. tension
5. A 500-N lady sits on the
floor. How much force the
floor exerts on her?
A. 50 N
B. 250 N
C. 500 N
D. 1000 N
6. Which force always pulls
the objects to the ground?
A. applied
B. friction
C. gravitational
D. tension
7. A leaf falls from a tree.
What force(s) are acting on it?
A. Air resistance only
B. Gravitational force only
C. Applied force and air
resistance
D. Air resistance and
gravitational forces
8. When a cabinet touches the
floor, which type of forces
exist?
A. Contact forces
B. Balanced forces
C. Non-contact forces
D. Unbalanced forces
9. The Earth has a bigger mass
than the Moon. If you were able
to travel to the Moon, what
happens to your weight?
A. increases
B. decreases
C. stays the same
D. varies with day and night
10. What is the net force in the
figure below?
A. 1 N, to the left
B. 1 N, to the right
C. 11 N, to the left
D. 11 N, to the
Let’s check your
answer
1. Which of the following
describes a force?
A. a pull only
B. a push only
C. a push or pull or both
D. neither a push nor a pull
2. What is the unit of force
in metric system?
A. Calorie
B. Joules
C. Newtons
D. Pounds
3. How do forces occur?
A. in pairs
B. in triplets
C. by themselves
D. as single quantity
4. When you move a chair
across the floor, what force
must your push be stronger
than?
A. friction
B. magnetic
C. normal
D. tension
5. A 500-N lady sits on the
floor. How much force the
floor exerts on her?
A. 50 N
B. 250 N
C. 500 N
D. 1000 N
6. Which force always pulls
the objects to the ground?
A. applied
B. friction
C. gravitational
D. tension
7. A leaf falls from a tree.
What force(s) are acting on it?
A. Air resistance only
B. Gravitational force only
C. Applied force and air
resistance
D. Air resistance and
gravitational forces
8. When a cabinet touches the
floor, which type of forces
exist?
A. Contact forces
B. Balanced forces
C. Non-contact forces
D. Unbalanced forces
9. The Earth has a bigger mass
than the Moon. If you were able
to travel to the Moon, what
happens to your weight?
A. increases
B. decreases
C. stays the same
D. varies with day and night
10. What is the net force in the
figure below?
A. 1 N, to the left
B. 1 N, to the right
C. 11 N, to the left
D. 11 N, to the
Lesson 1 : Forces
Figure 1. A girl
sitting on a chair
Figure 2. A boy
pushing a wall
Figure 3. A
woman throwing
a ball
What can forces do?
Forces can produce
changes in motion.
What are these
changes in motion?
A moving
car
A car slowing
down
What will you do to
open the door?
You can push or you
can also pull.
Definition of Force
Force is the push or pull
applied to an object.
Activity 1: Effect of force on a ball
Figure 1. Ball on top of the table.
Figure 1. Ball on top of the table.
Force can make the ball, or any
object move, move faster, stop,
or change its direction of motion.
Does force always effect
change in the state of motion
of an object?
Figure 2. Physical concepts illustrated on a ball.
The greater
the MAGNITUDE
the faster
the
VELOCITY
The magnitude
of a force is
expressed in
various ways:
In the International System of
Units (SI), Newton is
commonly used which is
named after Sir Isaac Newton,
an English physicist and
mathematician.
• direction – points to where
the object goes.
The direction of the arrowhead
indicates the direction of the
force. The length of the arrow
represents the amount of force
(relative magnitude).
• point of application –
the location of where the force
is applied.
• line of action – is the
straight line passing through
the point of application and is
parallel to the direction of force.
Figure 3.
Applied force
of a boy ()
towards the
wall
FRICTION
Refers to the force acting against
or opposite an object in contact
with which makes the movement
of the object slow down.
MASS :1000
G
MASS :1000
G
Examples:
Gravitational
Force
Magnetic Force
The weight of an object,
denoted by W, is an
example of the
gravitational force of the
Earth towards the object.
In the figure, the weight of
a book () is illustrated.
However, the weight of an object depends on
the mass of the celestial body where the object
is attracted to. Meaning, we seem to be lighter
when
Mass and distance of the two objects
affect the gravitational force that
holds them. The bigger the masses of
the objects are, the bigger is the
gravitational force between them. The
closer the objects are, the greater is
the gravitational force between them.
The figure below illustrates
gravitational force between the
Earth and the Moon. Earth has
bigger gravitational force over the
Moon.
Magnets and magnetic materials have
two poles – the north and south poles.
Attraction may occur when two poles
are not the same, a positive and a
negative while repulsion takes place
with the same poles, positive-positive
and negative-negative.
Opposite poles Like poles
Examples:
Gravitational
Force
Magnetic Force
Activity 3: What I Have Learned
1. Any push or pull is called ________________.
2. ________________ refers to the size or strength of the force
while ________________ points to where the object goes. The
direction of the arrowhead indicates the direction of the
force. The length of the arrow represents the amount of
force (relative magnitude).
3. There are two types of forces, namely ________________ and
________________.
4. Applied, friction, normal and tensional forces are examples
of ________________ forces.
5. Gravitational and magnetic forces are examples of
____________ forces.
LET US CHECK YOUR ANSWER…
ANSWER FOR
Activity 3: What I Have Learned
1.FORCE
2.MAGNITUDE, DIRECTION
3.CONTACT FORCE, NON-CONTACT
FORCE
4.CONTACT
5.NON-CONTACT
Thank you for
listening!
